@c This is part of the Emacs manual.
-@c Copyright (C) 1985-1987, 1993-1995, 1997, 2001-2011
-@c Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Copyright (C) 1985-1987, 1993-1995, 1997, 2001-2015 Free Software
+@c Foundation, Inc.
@c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
-@node Glossary, Key Index, Intro, Top
+@node Glossary
@unnumbered Glossary
+@cindex glossary
@table @asis
+@anchor{Glossary---Abbrev}
@item Abbrev
-An abbrev is a text string which expands into a different text string
+An abbrev is a text string that expands into a different text string
when present in the buffer. For example, you might define a few letters
as an abbrev for a long phrase that you want to insert frequently.
@xref{Abbrevs}.
@item Aborting
-Aborting means getting out of a recursive edit (q.v.@:). The
+Aborting means getting out of a recursive edit (q.v.). The
commands @kbd{C-]} and @kbd{M-x top-level} are used for this.
@xref{Quitting}.
+@item Active Region
+Setting the mark (q.v.@:) at a position in the text also activates it.
+When the mark is active, we call the region an active region.
+@xref{Mark}.
+
@item Alt
Alt is the name of a modifier bit that a keyboard input character may
-have. To make a character Alt, type it while holding down the @key{ALT}
-key. Such characters are given names that start with @kbd{Alt-}
+have. To make a character Alt, type it while holding down the @key{Alt}
+key. Such characters are given names that start with @kbd{@key{Alt}-}
(usually written @kbd{A-} for short). (Note that many terminals have a
-key labeled @key{ALT} that is really a @key{META} key.) @xref{User
+key labeled @key{Alt} that is really a @key{META} key.) @xref{User
Input, Alt}.
@item Argument
-See `numeric argument.'
+@xref{Glossary---Numeric Argument}.
@item @acronym{ASCII} character
An @acronym{ASCII} character is either an @acronym{ASCII} control
letter, or the Control version of one of the characters @samp{@@[\]^_?}.
@item @acronym{ASCII} printing character
-@acronym{ASCII} printing characters include letters, digits, space, and these
-punctuation characters: @samp{!@@#$%^& *()_-+=|\~` @{@}[]:;"' <>,.?/}.
+@acronym{ASCII} letters, digits, space, and the following punctuation
+characters: @samp{!@@#$%^&*()_-+=|\~`@{@}[]:;"'<>,.?/}.
@item Auto Fill Mode
Auto Fill mode is a minor mode (q.v.@:) in which text that you insert is
@item Autoloading
Emacs can automatically load Lisp libraries when a Lisp program requests a
-function from those libraries. This is called `autoloading.'
+function from those libraries. This is called `autoloading'.
@xref{Lisp Libraries}.
@item Backtrace
A backtrace is a trace of a series of function calls showing how a
program arrived at a certain point. It is used mainly for finding and
-correcting bugs (q.v.@:). Emacs can display a backtrace when it signals
-an error or when you type @kbd{C-g} (see `quitting'). @xref{Checklist}.
+correcting bugs (q.v.). Emacs can display a backtrace when it signals
+an error or when you type @kbd{C-g} (@pxref{Glossary---Quitting}).
+@xref{Checklist}.
@item Backup File
A backup file records the contents that a file had before the current
manually or automatically. You do manual balancing with the commands
to move over parenthetical groupings (@pxref{Moving by Parens}).
Automatic balancing works by blinking or highlighting the delimiter
-that matches the one you just inserted (@pxref{Matching,,Matching
-Parens}).
+that matches the one you just inserted, or inserting the matching
+delimiter for you (@pxref{Matching,,Matching Parens}).
+@anchor{Glossary---Balanced Expression}
@item Balanced Expressions
A balanced expression is a syntactically recognizable expression, such
as a symbol, number, string constant, block, or parenthesized expression
-in C. @xref{Expressions,Balanced Expressions}.
+in C@. @xref{Expressions,Balanced Expressions}.
@item Balloon Help
-See `tooltips.'
+@xref{Glossary---Tooltips}.
@item Base Buffer
A base buffer is a buffer whose text is shared by an indirect buffer
-(q.v.@:).
+(q.v.).
+
+@item Bidirectional Text
+Some human languages, such as English, are written from left to right.
+Others, such as Arabic, are written from right to left. Emacs
+supports both of these forms, as well as any mixture of them---this
+is `bidirectional text'. @xref{Bidirectional Editing}.
@item Bind
-To bind a key sequence means to give it a binding (q.v.@:).
+To bind a key sequence means to give it a binding (q.v.).
@xref{Rebinding}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Binding}
@item Binding
A key sequence gets its meaning in Emacs by having a binding, which is a
-command (q.v.@:), a Lisp function that is run when you type that
+command (q.v.), a Lisp function that is run when you type that
sequence. @xref{Commands,Binding}. Customization often involves
rebinding a character to a different command function. The bindings of
-all key sequences are recorded in the keymaps (q.v.@:). @xref{Keymaps}.
+all key sequences are recorded in the keymaps (q.v.). @xref{Keymaps}.
@item Blank Lines
Blank lines are lines that contain only whitespace. Emacs has several
-commands for operating on the blank lines in the buffer.
+commands for operating on the blank lines in the buffer. @xref{Blank Lines}.
@item Bookmark
Bookmarks are akin to registers (q.v.@:) in that they record positions
in buffers to which you can return later. Unlike registers, bookmarks
-persist between Emacs sessions.
+persist between Emacs sessions. @xref{Bookmarks}.
@item Border
A border is a thin space along the edge of the frame, used just for
internal border that surrounds the text windows, their scroll bars
and fringes, and separates them from the menu bar and tool bar. You
can customize both borders with options and resources (@pxref{Borders
-X}). Borders are not the same as fringes (q.v.@:).
+X}). Borders are not the same as fringes (q.v.).
@item Buffer
The buffer is the basic editing unit; one buffer corresponds to one text
-being edited. You can have several buffers, but at any time you are
-editing only one, the `current buffer,' though several can be visible
-when you are using multiple windows or frames (q.v.@:). Most buffers
+being edited. You normally have several buffers, but at any time you are
+editing only one, the `current buffer', though several can be visible
+when you are using multiple windows or frames (q.v.). Most buffers
are visiting (q.v.@:) some file. @xref{Buffers}.
@item Buffer Selection History
-Emacs keeps a buffer selection history which records how recently each
+Emacs keeps a buffer selection history that records how recently each
Emacs buffer has been selected. This is used for choosing a buffer to
select. @xref{Buffers}.
right away when you press down on a mouse button. @xref{Mouse Buttons}.
@item By Default
-See `default.'
+@xref{Glossary---Default}.
@item Byte Compilation
-See `compilation.'
+@xref{Glossary---Compilation}.
+@anchor{Glossary---C-}
@item @kbd{C-}
@kbd{C-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for Control.
@xref{User Input,C-}.
@item Case Conversion
Case conversion means changing text from upper case to lower case or
-vice versa. @xref{Case}, for the commands for case conversion.
+vice versa. @xref{Case}.
@item Character
Characters form the contents of an Emacs buffer. Also, key sequences
particular alphabet or script. @xref{International}.
@item Character Terminal
-See `text-only terminal.'
+@xref{Glossary---Text Terminal}.
@item Click Event
A click event is the kind of input event (q.v.@:) generated when you
press a mouse button and release it without moving the mouse.
@xref{Mouse Buttons}.
+@item Client
+@xref{Glossary---Server}.
+
@item Clipboard
A clipboard is a buffer provided by the window system for transferring
-text between applications. On the X Window system, the clipboard is
-provided in addition to the primary selection (q.v.@:); on MS-Windows and Mac,
+text between applications. On the X Window System, the clipboard is
+provided in addition to the primary selection (q.v.); on MS-Windows and Mac,
the clipboard is used @emph{instead} of the primary selection.
@xref{Clipboard}.
@item Command
A command is a Lisp function specially defined to be able to serve as a
-key binding in Emacs. When you type a key sequence (q.v.@:), its
+key binding in Emacs. When you type a key sequence (q.v.), its
binding (q.v.@:) is looked up in the relevant keymaps (q.v.@:) to find
the command to run. @xref{Commands}.
@item Command History
-See `minibuffer history.'
+@xref{Glossary---Minibuffer History}.
@item Command Name
-A command name is the name of a Lisp symbol which is a command
+A command name is the name of a Lisp symbol that is a command
(@pxref{Commands}). You can invoke any command by its name using
@kbd{M-x} (@pxref{M-x,M-x,Running Commands by Name}).
than Emacs Lisp. Emacs provides a subset of Common Lisp in the CL
package. @xref{Top, Common Lisp, Overview, cl, Common Lisp Extensions}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Compilation}
@item Compilation
Compilation is the process of creating an executable program from source
code. Emacs has commands for compiling files of Emacs Lisp code
(@pxref{Compilation}).
@item Complete Key
-A complete key is a key sequence which fully specifies one action to be
+A complete key is a key sequence that fully specifies one action to be
performed by Emacs. For example, @kbd{X} and @kbd{C-f} and @kbd{C-x m}
are complete keys. Complete keys derive their meanings from being bound
-(q.v.@:) to commands (q.v.@:). Thus, @kbd{X} is conventionally bound to
+(q.v.@:) to commands (q.v.). Thus, @kbd{X} is conventionally bound to
a command to insert @samp{X} in the buffer; @kbd{C-x m} is
conventionally bound to a command to begin composing a mail message.
@xref{Keys}.
minibuffer (q.v.@:) arguments when the set of possible valid inputs
is known; for example, on command names, buffer names, and
file names. Completion usually occurs when @key{TAB}, @key{SPC} or
-@key{RET} is typed. @xref{Completion}.@refill
+@key{RET} is typed. @xref{Completion}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Continuation Line}
@item Continuation Line
When a line of text is longer than the width of the window, it
-normally (but see `Truncation') takes up more than one screen line
-when displayed. We say that the text line is continued, and all
+normally (but see @ref{Glossary---Truncation}) takes up more than one
+screen line when displayed. We say that the text line is continued, and all
screen lines used for it after the first are called continuation
lines. @xref{Continuation Lines}. A related Emacs feature is
-`filling' (q.v.@:).
+`filling' (q.v.).
@item Control Character
A control character is a character that you type by holding down the
-@key{CTRL} key. Some control characters also have their own keys, so
-that you can type them without using @key{CTRL}. For example,
+@key{Ctrl} key. Some control characters also have their own keys, so
+that you can type them without using @key{Ctrl}. For example,
@key{RET}, @key{TAB}, @key{ESC} and @key{DEL} are all control
characters. @xref{User Input}.
The particular form of copyleft used by the GNU project is called the
GNU General Public License. @xref{Copying}.
-@item @key{CTRL}
-The @key{CTRL} or ``control'' key is what you hold down
-in order to enter a control character (q.v.). See also `@kbd{C-}.'
+@item @key{Ctrl}
+The @key{Ctrl} or ``control'' key is what you hold down
+in order to enter a control character (q.v.). @xref{Glossary---C-}.
@item Current Buffer
The current buffer in Emacs is the Emacs buffer on which most editing
(called point; q.v.@:) at which insertion and deletion takes place.
The cursor is on or under the character that follows point. Often
people speak of `the cursor' when, strictly speaking, they mean
-`point.' @xref{Point,Cursor}.
+`point'. @xref{Point,Cursor}.
@item Customization
Customization is making minor changes in the way Emacs works, to
@cindex cut and paste
@item Cut and Paste
-See `killing' and `yanking.'
+@xref{Glossary---Killing}, and @ref{Glossary---Yanking}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Daemon}
@item Daemon
A daemon is a standard term for a system-level process that runs in the
background. Daemons are often started when the system first starts up.
the default argument is used if you just type @key{RET}.
@xref{Minibuffer}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Default}
@item Default
-A default is the value that is used for a certain purpose if and when
-you do not specify a value to use.
+A default is the value that is used for a certain purpose when
+you do not explicitly specify a value to use.
@item Default Directory
When you specify a file name that does not start with @samp{/} or @samp{~},
it is interpreted relative to the current buffer's default directory.
-(On MS-Windows and MS-DOS, file names which start with a drive letter
+(On MS systems, file names that start with a drive letter
@samp{@var{x}:} are treated as absolute, not relative.)
@xref{Minibuffer File,Default Directory}.
@item @key{DEL}
@key{DEL} is a character that runs the command to delete one character
-of text before the cursor. It is typically either the @key{DELETE}
+of text before the cursor. It is typically either the @key{Delete}
key or the @key{BACKSPACE} key, whichever one is easy to type.
@xref{Erasing,DEL}.
@item Deletion
Deletion means erasing text without copying it into the kill ring
-(q.v.@:). The alternative is killing (q.v.@:). @xref{Killing,Deletion}.
+(q.v.). The alternative is killing (q.v.). @xref{Killing,Deletion}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Deletion of Files}
@item Deletion of Files
Deleting a file means erasing it from the file system.
(Note that some systems use the concept of a ``trash can'', or ``recycle
@item Directory
File directories are named collections in the file system, within which
you can place individual files or subdirectories. They are sometimes
-referred to as ``folders.'' @xref{Directories}.
+referred to as ``folders''. @xref{Directories}.
+
+@anchor{Glossary---Directory Local Variable}
+@item Directory Local Variable
+A directory local variable is a local variable (q.v.@:) that applies
+to all the files within a certain directory. @xref{Directory
+Variables}.
@item Dired
Dired is the Emacs facility that displays the contents of a file
-directory and allows you to ``edit the directory,'' performing
+directory and allows you to ``edit the directory'', performing
operations on the files in the directory. @xref{Dired}.
@item Disabled Command
confusing for beginning users. @xref{Disabling}.
@item Down Event
-Short for `button down event' (q.v.@:).
+Short for `button down event' (q.v.).
@item Drag Event
A drag event is the kind of input event (q.v.@:) generated when you
for debugging Emacs bugs. Emacs does not make a dribble file unless you
tell it to. @xref{Bugs}.
+@c TODO? Not really appropriate for the user manual I think.
+@c Dynamic Binding
+
@item Echo Area
The echo area is the bottom line of the screen, used for echoing the
arguments to commands, for asking questions, and showing brief messages
(including error messages). The messages are stored in the buffer
-@samp{*Messages*} so you can review them later. @xref{Echo Area}.
+@file{*Messages*} so you can review them later. @xref{Echo Area}.
@item Echoing
Echoing is acknowledging the receipt of input events by displaying
@item Electric
We say that a character is electric if it is normally self-inserting
-(q.v.@:), but the current major mode (q.v.@:) redefines it to do something
+(q.v.), but the current major mode (q.v.@:) redefines it to do something
else as well. For example, some programming language major modes define
particular delimiter characters to reindent the line, or insert one or
more newlines in addition to self-insertion.
+@anchor{Glossary---End Of Line}
@item End Of Line
End of line is a character or a sequence of characters that indicate
the end of a text line. On GNU and Unix systems, this is a newline
-(q.v.@:), but other systems have other conventions. @xref{Coding
+(q.v.), but other systems have other conventions. @xref{Coding
Systems,end-of-line}. Emacs can recognize several end-of-line
conventions in files and convert between them.
@xref{Environment}.
@item EOL
-See `end of line.'
+@xref{Glossary---End Of Line}.
@item Error
An error occurs when an Emacs command cannot execute in the current
circumstances. When an error occurs, execution of the command stops
(unless the command has been programmed to do otherwise) and Emacs
-reports the error by displaying an error message (q.v.@:).
+reports the error by displaying an error message (q.v.).
@c Not helpful?
@c Type-ahead is discarded. Then Emacs is ready to read another
@c editing command.
it applies to the next character you type.
@item Expression
-See `balanced expression.'
+@xref{Glossary---Balanced Expression}.
@item Expunging
Expunging an Rmail, Gnus newsgroup, or Dired buffer is an operation
order to display that text as specified by the face attributes.
@xref{Faces}.
+@item File Local Variable
+A file local variable is a local variable (q.v.@:) specified in a
+given file. @xref{File Variables}, and @ref{Glossary---Directory
+Local Variable}.
+
+@anchor{Glossary---File Locking}
@item File Locking
Emacs uses file locking to notice when two different users
start to edit one file at the same time. @xref{Interlocking}.
@item File Name
+@c This is fairly tautological...
A file name is a name that refers to a file. File names may be relative
or absolute; the meaning of a relative file name depends on the current
directory, but an absolute file name refers to the same file regardless
of which directory is current. On GNU and Unix systems, an absolute
file name starts with a slash (the root directory) or with @samp{~/} or
@samp{~@var{user}/} (a home directory). On MS-Windows/MS-DOS, an
-absolute file name can also start with a drive letter and a colon, e.g.
+absolute file name can also start with a drive letter and a colon, e.g.,
@samp{@var{d}:}.
Some people use the term ``pathname'' for file names, but we do not;
-we use the word ``path'' only in the term ``search path'' (q.v.@:).
+we use the word ``path'' only in the term ``search path'' (q.v.).
@item File-Name Component
A file-name component names a file directly within a particular
of each line when filling is done. It is not regarded as part of the
text to be filled. @xref{Filling}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Filling}
@item Filling
Filling text means adjusting the position of line-breaks to shift text
between consecutive lines, so that all the lines are approximately the
same length. @xref{Filling}. Some other editors call this feature
-`line wrapping.'
+``line wrapping''.
+@anchor{Glossary---Font Lock}
@item Font Lock
Font Lock is a mode that highlights parts of buffer text in different
-faces, according to the syntax. For example, all comments (q.v.@:)
+faces, according to the syntax. Some other editors refer to this as
+``syntax highlighting''. For example, all comments (q.v.@:)
might be colored red. @xref{Font Lock}.
@item Fontset
make it easy to change several fonts at once by specifying the name of a
fontset, rather than changing each font separately. @xref{Fontsets}.
-@item Formatted Text
-Formatted text is text that displays with formatting information while
-you edit. Formatting information includes fonts, colors, and specified
-margins. @xref{Formatted Text}.
-
@item Formfeed Character
-See `page.'
+@xref{Glossary---Page}.
@item Frame
A frame is a rectangular cluster of Emacs windows. Emacs starts out
with one frame, but you can create more. You can subdivide each frame
-into Emacs windows (q.v.@:). When you are using a window system
-(q.v.@:), more than one frame can be visible at the same time.
+into Emacs windows (q.v.). When you are using a window system
+(q.v.), more than one frame can be visible at the same time.
@xref{Frames}. Some other editors use the term ``window'' for this,
but in Emacs a window means something else.
@item Free Software
Free software is software that gives you the freedom to share, study
and modify it. Emacs is free software, part of the GNU project
-(q.v.@:), and distributed under a copyleft (q.v.@:) license called the
+(q.v.), and distributed under a copyleft (q.v.@:) license called the
GNU General Public License. @xref{Copying}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Free Software Foundation}
@item Free Software Foundation
The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a charitable foundation
-dedicated to promoting the development of free software (q.v.@:).
+dedicated to promoting the development of free software (q.v.).
For more information, see @uref{http://fsf.org/, the FSF website}.
@item Fringe
-On a graphical display (q.v.@:), there's a narrow portion of the frame
+On a graphical display (q.v.), there's a narrow portion of the frame
(q.v.@:) between the text area and the window's border. These
-`fringes' are used to display symbols that provide information about
+``fringes'' are used to display symbols that provide information about
the buffer text (@pxref{Fringes}). Emacs displays the fringe using a
special face (q.v.@:) called @code{fringe}. @xref{Faces,fringe}.
@item FSF
-See `Free Software Foundation.'
+@xref{Glossary---Free Software Foundation}.
@item FTP
FTP is an acronym for File Transfer Protocol. This is one standard
-method for retrieving remote files (q.v.@:).
+method for retrieving remote files (q.v.).
@item Function Key
A function key is a key on the keyboard that sends input but does not
@item Global
Global means ``independent of the current environment; in effect
-throughout Emacs.'' It is the opposite of local (q.v.@:). Particular
+throughout Emacs''. It is the opposite of local (q.v.). Particular
examples of the use of `global' appear below.
@item Global Abbrev
@item Global Keymap
The global keymap (q.v.@:) contains key bindings that are in effect
everywhere, except when overridden by local key bindings in a major
-mode's local keymap (q.v.@:). @xref{Keymaps}.
+mode's local keymap (q.v.). @xref{Keymaps}.
@item Global Mark Ring
The global mark ring records the series of buffers you have recently
set a mark (q.v.@:) in. In many cases you can use this to backtrack
through buffers you have been editing, or in which you have found
-tags (see `tags table'). @xref{Global Mark Ring}.
+tags (@pxref{Glossary---Tags Table}). @xref{Global Mark Ring}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Global Substitution}
@item Global Substitution
Global substitution means replacing each occurrence of one string by
another string throughout a large amount of text. @xref{Replace}.
@item GNU
GNU is a recursive acronym for GNU's Not Unix, and it refers to a
-Unix-compatible operating system which is free software (q.v.@:).
+Unix-compatible operating system which is free software (q.v.).
@xref{Manifesto}. GNU is normally used with Linux as the kernel since
Linux works better than the GNU kernel. For more information, see
@uref{http://www.gnu.org/, the GNU website}.
@item Graphical Display
A graphical display is one that can display images and multiple fonts.
-Usually it also has a window system (q.v.@:).
+Usually it also has a window system (q.v.).
@item Highlighting
Highlighting text means displaying it with a different foreground and/or
Emacs uses highlighting in several ways. It highlights the region
whenever it is active (@pxref{Mark}). Incremental search also
-highlights matches (@pxref{Incremental Search}). See also `font lock.'
+highlights matches (@pxref{Incremental Search}). @xref{Glossary---Font Lock}.
@item Hardcopy
Hardcopy means printed output. Emacs has various commands for
@item @key{HELP}
@key{HELP} is the Emacs name for @kbd{C-h} or @key{F1}. You can type
-@key{HELP} at any time to ask what options you have, or to ask what any
+@key{HELP} at any time to ask what options you have, or to ask what a
command does. @xref{Help}.
@item Help Echo
Help echo is a short message displayed in the echo area (q.v.@:) when
the mouse pointer is located on portions of display that require some
explanations. Emacs displays help echo for menu items, parts of the
-mode line, tool-bar buttons, etc. On graphics displays, the messages
-can be displayed as tooltips (q.v.@:). @xref{Tooltips}.
+mode line, tool-bar buttons, etc. On graphical displays, the messages
+can be displayed as tooltips (q.v.). @xref{Tooltips}.
@item Home Directory
Your home directory contains your personal files. On a multi-user GNU
@item Hyper
Hyper is the name of a modifier bit that a keyboard input character may
have. To make a character Hyper, type it while holding down the
-@key{HYPER} key. Such characters are given names that start with
+@key{Hyper} key. Such characters are given names that start with
@kbd{Hyper-} (usually written @kbd{H-} for short). @xref{User Input}.
@item Iff
-``Iff'' means ``if and only if.'' This terminology comes from
+``Iff'' means ``if and only if''. This terminology comes from
mathematics. Try to avoid using this term in documentation, since
many are unfamiliar with it and mistake it for a typo.
@item Inbox
An inbox is a file in which mail is delivered by the operating system.
-Rmail transfers mail from inboxes to Rmail files (q.v.@:) in which the
+Rmail transfers mail from inboxes to Rmail files in which the
mail is then stored permanently or until explicitly deleted.
@xref{Rmail Inbox}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Incremental Search}
@item Incremental Search
Emacs provides an incremental search facility, whereby Emacs begins
searching for a string as soon as you type the first character.
@item Indirect Buffer
An indirect buffer is a buffer that shares the text of another buffer,
-called its base buffer (q.v.@:). @xref{Indirect Buffers}.
+called its base buffer (q.v.). @xref{Indirect Buffers}.
@item Info
Info is the hypertext format used by the GNU project for writing
@item Input Method
An input method is a system for entering non-@acronym{ASCII} text characters by
-typing sequences of @acronym{ASCII} characters (q.v.@:). @xref{Input Methods}.
+typing sequences of @acronym{ASCII} characters (q.v.). @xref{Input Methods}.
@item Insertion
Insertion means adding text into the buffer, either from the keyboard
or from some other place in Emacs.
@item Interlocking
-Interlocking is a feature for warning when you start to alter a file
-that someone else is already editing.
-@xref{Interlocking,Interlocking,Simultaneous Editing}.
+@xref{Glossary---File Locking}.
@item Isearch
-See `incremental search.'
+@xref{Glossary---Incremental Search}.
@item Justification
-Justification means adding extra spaces within lines of text
-in order to adjust the position of the text edges.
-@xref{Format Justification}.
+Justification means adding extra spaces within lines of text in order
+to adjust the position of the text edges. @xref{Fill Commands}.
@item Key Binding
-See `binding.'
+@xref{Glossary---Binding}.
@item Keyboard Macro
Keyboard macros are a way of defining new Emacs commands from
@cindex keyboard shortcuts
@item Keyboard Shortcut
-A keyboard shortcut is a key sequence (q.v.@:) which invokes a
-command. What some programs call ``assigning a keyboard shortcut,''
-Emacs calls ``binding a key sequence.'' See `binding.'
+A keyboard shortcut is a key sequence (q.v.@:) that invokes a
+command. What some programs call ``assigning a keyboard shortcut'',
+Emacs calls ``binding a key sequence''. @xref{Glossary---Binding}.
@item Key Sequence
A key sequence (key, for short) is a sequence of input events (q.v.@:)
that are meaningful as a single unit. If the key sequence is enough to
-specify one action, it is a complete key (q.v.@:); if it is not enough,
-it is a prefix key (q.v.@:). @xref{Keys}.
+specify one action, it is a complete key (q.v.); if it is not enough,
+it is a prefix key (q.v.). @xref{Keys}.
@item Keymap
The keymap is the data structure that records the bindings (q.v.@:) of
key sequences.
@item Kill Ring
-The kill ring is where all text you have killed recently is saved.
-You can reinsert any of the killed text still in the ring; this is
-called yanking (q.v.@:). @xref{Yanking}.
+The kill ring is where all text you have killed (@pxref{Glossary---Killing})
+recently is saved. You can reinsert any of the killed text still in
+the ring; this is called yanking (q.v.). @xref{Yanking}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Killing}
@item Killing
Killing means erasing text and saving it on the kill ring so it can be
-yanked (q.v.@:) later. Some other systems call this ``cutting.''
+yanked (q.v.@:) later. Some other systems call this ``cutting''.
Most Emacs commands that erase text perform killing, as opposed to
-deletion (q.v.@:). @xref{Killing}.
+deletion (q.v.). @xref{Killing}.
@item Killing a Job
Killing a job (such as, an invocation of Emacs) means making it cease
@item Language Environment
Your choice of language environment specifies defaults for the input
-method (q.v.@:) and coding system (q.v.@:). @xref{Language
+method (q.v.@:) and coding system (q.v.). @xref{Language
Environments}. These defaults are relevant if you edit
non-@acronym{ASCII} text (@pxref{International}).
+@c TODO? Not really appropriate for the user manual I think.
+@c Lexical Binding
+
@item Line Wrapping
-See `filling.'
+@xref{Glossary---Filling}.
@item Lisp
Lisp is a programming language. Most of Emacs is written in a dialect
Local means ``in effect only in a particular context''; the relevant
kind of context is a particular function execution, a particular
buffer, or a particular major mode. It is the opposite of `global'
-(q.v.@:). Specific uses of `local' in Emacs terminology appear below.
+(q.v.). Specific uses of `local' in Emacs terminology appear below.
@item Local Abbrev
A local abbrev definition is effective only if a particular major mode
@xref{Locals}.
@item @kbd{M-}
-@kbd{M-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for @key{META},
+@kbd{M-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for @key{Meta},
one of the modifier keys that can accompany any character.
@xref{User Input,M-}.
@item @kbd{M-C-}
@kbd{M-C-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for
-Control-Meta; it means the same thing as `@kbd{C-M-}' (q.v.@:).
+Control-Meta; it means the same thing as `@kbd{C-M-}' (q.v.).
@item @kbd{M-x}
@kbd{M-x} is the key sequence that is used to call an Emacs command by
name. This is how you run commands that are not bound to key sequences.
@xref{M-x,M-x,Running Commands by Name}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Mail}
@item Mail
Mail means messages sent from one user to another through the computer
system, to be read at the recipient's convenience. Emacs has commands for
which configures Emacs for editing a certain sort of text. Ideally,
each programming language has its own major mode. @xref{Major Modes}.
+@c FIXME: Mention margins for filling?
@item Margin
The space between the usable part of a window (including the
fringe) and the window edge.
@item Mark
The mark points to a position in the text. It specifies one end of the
-region (q.v.@:), point being the other end. Many commands operate on
+region (q.v.), point being the other end. Many commands operate on
all the text from point to the mark. Each buffer has its own mark.
@xref{Mark}.
@item Mark Ring
The mark ring is used to hold several recent previous locations of the
-mark, just in case you want to move back to them. Each buffer has its
-own mark ring; in addition, there is a single global mark ring (q.v.@:).
+mark, in case you want to move back to them. Each buffer has its
+own mark ring; in addition, there is a single global mark ring (q.v.).
@xref{Mark Ring}.
@item Menu Bar
a keyboard interface to navigate it. @xref{Menu Bars}.
@item Message
-See `mail.'
+@xref{Glossary---Mail}.
@item Meta
Meta is the name of a modifier bit which you can use in a command
-character. To enter a meta character, you hold down the @key{META}
+character. To enter a meta character, you hold down the @key{Meta}
key while typing the character. We refer to such characters with
names that start with @kbd{Meta-} (usually written @kbd{M-} for
-short). For example, @kbd{M-<} is typed by holding down @key{META}
+short). For example, @kbd{M-<} is typed by holding down @key{Meta}
and at the same time typing @kbd{<} (which itself is done, on most
terminals, by holding down @key{SHIFT} and typing @kbd{,}).
@xref{User Input,Meta}.
-On some terminals, the @key{META} key is actually labeled @key{ALT}
-or @key{EDIT}.
+On some terminals, the @key{Meta} key is actually labeled @key{Alt}
+or @key{Edit}.
@item Meta Character
A Meta character is one whose character code includes the Meta bit.
@item Minibuffer
The minibuffer is the window that appears when necessary inside the
-echo area (q.v.@:), used for reading arguments to commands.
+echo area (q.v.), used for reading arguments to commands.
@xref{Minibuffer}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Minibuffer History}
@item Minibuffer History
The minibuffer history records the text you have specified in the past
for minibuffer arguments, so you can conveniently use the same text
again. @xref{Minibuffer History}.
@item Minor Mode
-A minor mode is an optional feature of Emacs which can be switched on
+A minor mode is an optional feature of Emacs, which can be switched on
or off independently of all other features. Each minor mode has a
-command to turn it on or off. Some minor modes are global (q.v.@:),
-and some are local (q.v.@:). @xref{Minor Modes}.
+command to turn it on or off. Some minor modes are global (q.v.),
+and some are local (q.v.). @xref{Minor Modes}.
@item Minor Mode Keymap
A minor mode keymap is a keymap that belongs to a minor mode and is
precedence over the global keymap. @xref{Keymaps}.
@item Mode Line
-The mode line is the line at the bottom of each window (q.v.@:), giving
+The mode line is the line at the bottom of each window (q.v.), giving
status information on the buffer displayed in that window. @xref{Mode
Line}.
yanking (q.v.@:) it. @xref{Killing}.
@item MULE
-MULE refers to the Emacs features for editing multilingual
-non-@acronym{ASCII} text using multibyte characters (q.v.@:).
-@xref{International}.
+@cindex MULE
+Prior to Emacs 23, @acronym{MULE} was the name of a software package
+which provided a @dfn{MULtilingual Enhancement} to Emacs, by adding
+support for multiple character sets (q.v.). @acronym{MULE} was later
+integrated into Emacs, and much of it was replaced when Emacs gained
+internal Unicode support in version 23.
+
+Some parts of Emacs that deal with character set support still use the
+@acronym{MULE} name. @xref{International}.
@item Multibyte Character
A multibyte character is a character that takes up several bytes in a
@xref{International Chars, International Characters}.
@item Named Mark
-A named mark is a register (q.v.@:) in its role of recording a
+A named mark is a register (q.v.), in its role of recording a
location in text so that you can move point to that location.
@xref{Registers}.
@item Newline
Control-J characters in the buffer terminate lines of text and are
-therefore also called newlines. See `End of Line.'
+therefore also called newlines. @xref{Glossary---End Of Line}.
@cindex nil
@cindex t
@item @code{nil}
-@code{nil} is a value usually interpreted as a logical ``false.'' Its
-opposite is @code{t}, interpreted as ``true.''
+@code{nil} is a value usually interpreted as a logical ``false''. Its
+opposite is @code{t}, interpreted as ``true''.
+@anchor{Glossary---Numeric Argument}
@item Numeric Argument
A numeric argument is a number, specified before a command, to change
the effect of the command. Often the numeric argument serves as a
@item Overwrite Mode
Overwrite mode is a minor mode. When it is enabled, ordinary text
characters replace the existing text after point rather than pushing
-it to the right. @xref{Minor Modes}.
+it to one side. @xref{Minor Modes}.
+@item Package
+A package is a collection of Lisp code that you download and
+automatically install from within Emacs. Packages provide a
+convenient way to add new features. @xref{Packages}.
+
+@anchor{Glossary---Page}
@item Page
A page is a unit of text, delimited by formfeed characters (@acronym{ASCII}
-control-L, code 014) coming at the beginning of a line. Some Emacs
+control-L, code 014) at the beginning of a line. Some Emacs
commands are provided for moving over and operating on pages.
@xref{Pages}.
point. @xref{Point}.
@item Prefix Argument
-See `numeric argument.'
+@xref{Glossary---Numeric Argument}.
@item Prefix Key
A prefix key is a key sequence (q.v.@:) whose sole function is to
prefix key; any two-character sequence starting with @kbd{C-x} is
therefore a legitimate key sequence. @xref{Keys}.
+@c I don't think this kind of thing needs to be here.
+@ignore
@item Primary Rmail File
Your primary Rmail file is the file named @samp{RMAIL} in your home
directory. That's where Rmail stores your incoming mail, unless you
specify a different file name. @xref{Rmail}.
+@end ignore
@item Primary Selection
-The primary selection is one particular X selection (q.v.@:); it is the
+The primary selection is one particular X selection (q.v.); it is the
selection that most X applications use for transferring text to and from
other applications.
@item Prompt
A prompt is text used to ask you for input. Displaying a prompt
is called prompting. Emacs prompts always appear in the echo area
-(q.v.@:). One kind of prompting happens when the minibuffer is used to
+(q.v.). One kind of prompting happens when the minibuffer is used to
read an argument (@pxref{Minibuffer}); the echoing that happens when
you pause in the middle of typing a multi-character key sequence is also
a kind of prompting (@pxref{Echo Area}).
Query-replace is an interactive string replacement feature provided by
Emacs. @xref{Query Replace}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Quitting}
@item Quitting
Quitting means canceling a partially typed command or a running
command, using @kbd{C-g} (or @kbd{C-@key{BREAK}} on MS-DOS). @xref{Quitting}.
@xref{Screen,Redisplay}.
@item Regexp
-See `regular expression.'
+@xref{Glossary---Regular Expression}.
@item Region
-The region is the text between point (q.v.@:) and the mark (q.v.@:).
+The region is the text between point (q.v.@:) and the mark (q.v.).
Many commands operate on the text of the region. @xref{Mark,Region}.
@item Register
Registers are named slots in which text, buffer positions, or
rectangles can be saved for later use. @xref{Registers}. A related
-Emacs feature is `bookmarks' (q.v.@:).
+Emacs feature is `bookmarks' (q.v.).
+@anchor{Glossary---Regular Expression}
@item Regular Expression
A regular expression is a pattern that can match various text strings;
for example, @samp{a[0-9]+} matches @samp{a} followed by one or more
@xref{Remote Files}.
@item Repeat Count
-See `numeric argument.'
+@xref{Glossary---Numeric Argument}.
@item Replacement
-See `global substitution.'
+@xref{Glossary---Global Substitution}.
@item Restriction
A buffer's restriction is the amount of text, at the beginning or the
end of the buffer, that is temporarily inaccessible. Giving a buffer a
-nonzero amount of restriction is called narrowing (q.v.@:); removing
-a restriction is called widening (q.v.@:). @xref{Narrowing}.
+nonzero amount of restriction is called narrowing (q.v.); removing
+a restriction is called widening (q.v.). @xref{Narrowing}.
@item @key{RET}
@key{RET} is a character that in Emacs runs the command to insert a
newline into the text. It is also used to terminate most arguments
-read in the minibuffer (q.v.@:). @xref{User Input,Return}.
+read in the minibuffer (q.v.). @xref{User Input,Return}.
@item Reverting
Reverting means returning to the original state. Emacs lets you
revert a buffer by re-reading its file from disk. @xref{Reverting}.
+@c Seems too obvious, also there is nothing special about the format
+@c these days.
+@ignore
@item Rmail File
An Rmail file is a file containing text in the format used by
Rmail for storing mail. @xref{Rmail}.
+@end ignore
@item Saving
Saving a buffer means copying its text into the file that was visited
holds a search path for finding Lisp library files. @xref{Lisp Libraries}.
@item Secondary Selection
-The secondary selection is one particular X selection (q.v.@:); some X
+The secondary selection is one particular X selection (q.v.); some X
applications can use it for transferring text to and from other
applications. Emacs has special mouse commands for transferring text
using the secondary selection. @xref{Secondary Selection}.
selections that other programs have set up. This is the principal way
of transferring text between window applications. Emacs has commands to
work with the primary (q.v.@:) selection and the secondary (q.v.@:)
-selection, and also with the clipboard (q.v.@:).
+selection, and also with the clipboard (q.v.).
@item Self-Documentation
Self-documentation is the feature of Emacs that can tell you what any
Emacs has commands for moving by or killing by sentences.
@xref{Sentences}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Server}
+@item Server
+Within Emacs, you can start a `server' process, which listens for
+connections from `clients'. This offers a faster alternative to
+starting several Emacs instances. @xref{Emacs Server}, and
+@ref{Glossary---Daemon}.
+
+@c This is only covered in the lispref, not the user manual.
+@ignore
+@item Session Manager
+Some window systems (q.v.@:) provide a tool called a `session manager'.
+This offers the ability to save your windows when you log off,
+and restore them after you log in again.
+@end ignore
+
@item Sexp
A sexp (short for ``s-expression'') is the basic syntactic unit of
Lisp in its textual form: either a list, or Lisp atom. Sexps are also
via a convenient user interface. @xref{Spelling}.
@item String
-A string is a kind of Lisp data object which contains a sequence of
+A string is a kind of Lisp data object that contains a sequence of
characters. Many Emacs variables are intended to have strings as
values. The Lisp syntax for a string consists of the characters in the
string with a @samp{"} before and another @samp{"} after. A @samp{"}
allowed as well.
@item String Substitution
-See `global substitution.'
+@xref{Glossary---Global Substitution}.
@item Syntax Highlighting
-See `font lock.'
+@xref{Glossary---Font Lock}.
@item Syntax Table
The syntax table tells Emacs which characters are part of a word,
@item Suspending
Suspending Emacs means stopping it temporarily and returning control
to its parent process, which is usually a shell. Unlike killing a job
-(q.v.@:), you can later resume the suspended Emacs job without losing
+(q.v.), you can later resume the suspended Emacs job without losing
your buffers, unsaved edits, undo history, etc. @xref{Exiting}.
@item @key{TAB}
@key{TAB} is the tab character. In Emacs it is typically used for
indentation or completion.
+@anchor{Glossary---Tags Table}
@item Tags Table
A tags table is a file that serves as an index to the function
definitions in one or more other files. @xref{Tags}.
or following the stylistic conventions of human language.
@end itemize
-@item Text-only Terminal
-A text-only terminal is a display that is limited to displaying text in
-character units. Such a terminal cannot control individual pixels it
-displays. Emacs supports a subset of display features on text-only
-terminals.
+@anchor{Glossary---Text Terminal}
+@item Text Terminal
+A text terminal, or character terminal, is a display that is limited
+to displaying text in character units. Such a terminal cannot control
+individual pixels it displays. Emacs supports a subset of display
+features on text terminals.
@item Text Properties
Text properties are annotations recorded for particular characters in
the buffer. Images in the buffer are recorded as text properties;
they also specify formatting information. @xref{Editing Format Info}.
+@item Theme
+A theme is a set of customizations (q.v.@:) that give Emacs a
+particular appearance or behavior. For example, you might use a theme
+for your favorite set of faces (q.v.).
+
@item Tool Bar
The tool bar is a line (sometimes multiple lines) of icons at the top
of an Emacs frame. Clicking on one of these icons executes a command.
-You can think of this as a graphical relative of the menu bar (q.v.@:).
+You can think of this as a graphical relative of the menu bar (q.v.).
@xref{Tool Bars}.
+@anchor{Glossary---Tooltips}
@item Tooltips
Tooltips are small windows displaying a help echo (q.v.@:) text, which
explains parts of the display, lists useful options available via mouse
Top level is the normal state of Emacs, in which you are editing the
text of the file you have visited. You are at top level whenever you
are not in a recursive editing level (q.v.@:) or the minibuffer
-(q.v.@:), and not in the middle of a command. You can get back to top
-level by aborting (q.v.@:) and quitting (q.v.@:). @xref{Quitting}.
+(q.v.), and not in the middle of a command. You can get back to top
+level by aborting (q.v.@:) and quitting (q.v.). @xref{Quitting}.
+
+@item Transient Mark Mode
+The default behavior of the mark (q.v.@:) and region (q.v.), in which
+setting the mark activates it and highlights the region, is called
+Transient Mark mode. In GNU Emacs 23 and onwards, it is enabled by
+default. @xref{Disabled Transient Mark}.
@item Transposition
Transposing two units of text means putting each one into the place
two adjacent characters, words, balanced expressions (q.v.@:) or lines
(@pxref{Transpose}).
+@item Trash Can
+@xref{Glossary---Deletion of Files}.
+
+@anchor{Glossary---Truncation}
@item Truncation
Truncating text lines in the display means leaving out any text on a
line that does not fit within the right margin of the window
-displaying it. See also `continuation line.'
-@xref{Continuation Lines,Truncation}.
+displaying it. @xref{Continuation Lines,Truncation}, and
+@ref{Glossary---Continuation Line}.
@item TTY
-See `text-only terminal.'
+@xref{Glossary---Text Terminal}.
@item Undoing
Undoing means making your previous editing go in reverse, bringing
Unix is a class of multi-user computer operating systems with a long
history. There are several implementations today. The GNU project
(q.v.@:) aims to develop a complete Unix-like operating system that
-is free software (q.v.@:).
+is free software (q.v.).
@item User Option
A user option is a face (q.v.@:) or a variable (q.v.@:) that exists so
@item Version Control
Version control systems keep track of multiple versions of a source file.
-They provide a more powerful alternative to keeping backup files (q.v.@:).
+They provide a more powerful alternative to keeping backup files (q.v.).
@xref{Version Control}.
@item Visiting
@item Widening
Widening is removing any restriction (q.v.@:) on the current buffer;
-it is the opposite of narrowing (q.v.@:). @xref{Narrowing}.
+it is the opposite of narrowing (q.v.). @xref{Narrowing}.
@item Window
Emacs divides a frame (q.v.@:) into one or more windows, each of which
@item Window System
A window system is software that operates on a graphical display
-(q.v.@:), to subdivide the screen so that multiple applications can
+(q.v.), to subdivide the screen so that multiple applications can
have their] own windows at the same time. All modern operating systems
include a window system.
@item Word Abbrev
-See `abbrev.'
+@xref{Glossary---Abbrev}.
@item Word Search
Word search is searching for a sequence of words, considering the
punctuation between them as insignificant. @xref{Word Search}.
-@item WYSIWYG
-WYSIWYG stands for ``What you see is what you get.'' Emacs generally
-provides WYSIWYG editing for files of characters; in Enriched mode
-(@pxref{Formatted Text}), it provides WYSIWYG editing for files that
-include text formatting information.
-
+@anchor{Glossary---Yanking}
@item Yanking
-Yanking means reinserting text previously killed (q.v.@:). It can be
+Yanking means reinserting text previously killed (q.v.). It can be
used to undo a mistaken kill, or for copying or moving text. Some
-other systems call this ``pasting.'' @xref{Yanking}.
+other systems call this ``pasting''. @xref{Yanking}.
@end table