@c This is part of the Emacs manual.
-@c Copyright (C) 1985, 86, 87, 93, 94, 95, 97, 99, 2000
-@c Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2000,
+@c 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
@node Frames, International, Windows, Top
@chapter Frames and X Windows
instance, if you put text in the kill ring in one frame, you can yank it
in another frame. If you exit Emacs through @kbd{C-x C-c} in one frame,
it terminates all the frames. To delete just one frame, use @kbd{C-x 5
-0}.
+0} (that is zero, not @kbd{o}).
To avoid confusion, we reserve the word ``window'' for the
subdivisions that Emacs implements, and never use it to refer to a
Emacs compiled for MS-DOS emulates some aspects of the window system
so that you can use many of the features described in this chapter.
-@xref{MS-DOS Input}, for more information.
-
-@cindex MS Windows
- Emacs compiled for MS Windows mostly supports the same features as
-under X. However, images, tool bars, and tooltips are not yet
-available on MS Windows as of Emacs version 21.1.
-
- Features which rely on text in multiple faces (such as Font Lock
-mode) will also work on non-windowed terminals that can display more
-than one face, whether by colors or underlining and emboldening. This
-includes the console on GNU/Linux. Emacs determines automatically
-whether the terminal has this capability.
+@xref{MS-DOS Mouse}, for more information.
@menu
* Mouse Commands:: Moving, cutting, and pasting, with the mouse.
* Frame Parameters:: Changing the colors and other modes of frames.
* Scroll Bars:: How to enable and disable scroll bars; how to use them.
* Wheeled Mice:: Using mouse wheels for scrolling.
+* Drag and Drop:: Using drag and drop to open files and insert text.
* Menu Bars:: Enabling and disabling the menu bar.
* Tool Bars:: Enabling and disabling the tool bar.
* Dialog Boxes:: Controlling use of dialog boxes.
-* Faces:: How to change the display style using faces.
-* Font Lock:: Minor mode for syntactic highlighting using faces.
-* Highlight Changes:: Using colors to show where you changed the buffer.
-* Highlight Interactively:: Tell Emacs what text to highlight.
-* Trailing Whitespace:: Showing possibly-spurious trailing whitespace.
-* Tooltips:: Showing "tooltips", AKA "ballon help" for active text.
+* Tooltips:: Displaying information at the current mouse position.
* Mouse Avoidance:: Moving the mouse pointer out of the way.
* Non-Window Terminals:: Multiple frames on terminals that show only one.
* XTerm Mouse:: Using the mouse in an XTerm terminal emulator.
The mouse commands for selecting and copying a region are mostly
compatible with the @code{xterm} program. You can use the same mouse
-commands for copying between Emacs and other X client programs.
+commands for copying between Emacs and other window-based programs.
+Most of these commands also work in Emacs when you run it under an
+@code{xterm} terminal.
-@kindex DELETE
+@kindex DELETE @r{(and mouse selection)}
If you select a region with any of these mouse commands, and then
immediately afterward type the @key{DELETE} function key, it deletes the
region that you selected. The @key{BACKSPACE} function key and the
-ASCII character @key{DEL} do not do this; if you type any other key
+@acronym{ASCII} character @key{DEL} do not do this; if you type any other key
in between the mouse command and @key{DELETE}, it does not do this.
@findex mouse-set-region
Move point to where you click (@code{mouse-set-point}).
This is normally the left button.
+@vindex x-mouse-click-focus-ignore-position
+Normally, Emacs does not distinguish between ordinary mouse clicks and
+clicks that select a frame. When you click on a frame to select it,
+that also changes the selected window and cursor position according to
+the mouse click position. On the X window system, you can change this
+behavior by setting the variable
+@code{x-mouse-click-focus-ignore-position} to @code{t}. Then the
+first click selects the frame, but does not affect the selected window
+or cursor position. If you click again in the same place, since that
+click will be in the selected frame, it will change the window or
+cursor position.
+
@item Drag-Mouse-1
Set the region to the text you select by dragging, and copy it to the
kill ring (@code{mouse-set-region}). You can specify both ends of the
on how far away from the window edge the mouse has gone; the variable
@code{mouse-scroll-min-lines} specifies a minimum step size.
+@vindex mouse-drag-copy-region
+If the variable @code{mouse-drag-copy-region} is @code{nil}, this
+mouse command does not copy the selected region into the kill ring.
+
@item Mouse-2
Yank the last killed text, where you click (@code{mouse-yank-at-click}).
This is normally the middle button.
mode), it sets the region around the symbol surrounding that character.
If you click on a character with open-parenthesis or close-parenthesis
-syntax, it sets the region around the parenthetical grouping (sexp)
+syntax, it sets the region around the parenthetical grouping
which that character starts or ends. If you click on a character with
string-delimiter syntax (such as a singlequote or doublequote in C), it
sets the region around the string constant (using heuristics to figure
``paste'' or ``yank'' command of the program operating the other window
to insert the text from the selection.
- To copy text from another X window, use the ``cut'' or ``copy'' command
-of the program operating the other window, to select the text you want.
-Then yank it in Emacs with @kbd{C-y} or @kbd{Mouse-2}.
+ To copy text from another X window, use the ``cut'' or ``copy''
+command of the program operating the other window, to select the text
+you want. Then yank it in Emacs with @kbd{C-y} or @kbd{Mouse-2}.
- These cutting and pasting commands also work on MS-Windows.
+ The standard coding system for X selections is
+@code{compound-text-with-extensions}. To specify another coding
+system for X selections, use @kbd{C-x @key{RET} x} or @kbd{C-x
+@key{RET} X}. @xref{Specify Coding}.
@cindex primary selection
@cindex cut buffer
of the kill ring, it sets the @dfn{primary selection} in the X server.
This is how other X clients can access the text. Emacs also stores the
text in the cut buffer, but only if the text is short enough
-(@code{x-cut-buffer-max} specifies the maximum number of characters);
-putting long strings in the cut buffer can be slow.
+(the value of @code{x-cut-buffer-max} specifies the maximum number of
+characters); putting long strings in the cut buffer can be slow.
The commands to yank the first entry in the kill ring actually check
first for a primary selection in another program; after that, they check
Set the secondary selection, with one end at the place where you press
down the button, and the other end at the place where you release it
(@code{mouse-set-secondary}). The highlighting appears and changes as
-you drag.
+you drag. You can control the appearance of the highlighting by
+customizing the @code{secondary-selection} face (@pxref{Face
+Customization}).
If you move the mouse off the top or bottom of the window while
dragging, the window scrolls at a steady rate until you move the mouse
back into the window. This way, you can mark regions that don't fit
entirely on the screen.
+This way of setting the secondary selection does not alter the kill ring.
+
@findex mouse-start-secondary
@kindex M-Mouse-1
@item M-Mouse-1
@kindex M-Mouse-3
@item M-Mouse-3
Make a secondary selection, using the place specified with @kbd{M-Mouse-1}
-as the other end (@code{mouse-secondary-save-then-kill}). A second click
-at the same place kills the secondary selection just made.
+as the other end (@code{mouse-secondary-save-then-kill}). This also
+puts the selected text in the kill ring. A second click at the same
+place kills the secondary selection just made.
@findex mouse-yank-secondary
@kindex M-Mouse-2
@cindex OpenWindows
@cindex Gnome
- As well as the primary and secondary selection types, X supports a
+ Apart from the primary and secondary selection types, X supports a
@dfn{clipboard} selection type which is used by some applications,
particularly under OpenWindows and Gnome.
The command @kbd{M-x menu-bar-enable-clipboard} makes the @code{Cut},
@code{Paste} and @code{Copy} menu items, as well as the keys of the same
names, all use the clipboard.
-
- You can customize the option @code{x-select-enable-clipboard} to make
+
+ You can customize the variable @code{x-select-enable-clipboard} to make
the Emacs yank functions consult the clipboard before the primary
selection, and to make the kill functions to store in the clipboard as
well as the primary selection. Otherwise they do not access the
@node Mouse References
@section Following References with the Mouse
+@kindex Mouse-1 @r{(selection)}
@kindex Mouse-2 @r{(selection)}
- Some Emacs buffers display lists of various sorts. These include
-lists of files, of buffers, of possible completions, of matches for
-a pattern, and so on.
-
- Since yanking text into these buffers is not very useful, most of them
-define @kbd{Mouse-2} specially, as a command to use or view the item you
-click on.
-
- For example, if you click @kbd{Mouse-2} on a file name in a Dired
-buffer, you visit that file. If you click @kbd{Mouse-2} on an error
-message in the @samp{*Compilation*} buffer, you go to the source code
-for that error message. If you click @kbd{Mouse-2} on a completion in
-the @samp{*Completions*} buffer, you choose that completion.
-
- You can usually tell when @kbd{Mouse-2} has this special sort of
-meaning because the sensitive text highlights when you move the mouse
-over it.
+ Some read-only Emacs buffers include references you can follow, or
+commands you can activate. These include names of files, of buffers,
+of possible completions, of matches for a pattern, as well as the
+buttons in Help buffers and customization buffers. You can follow the
+reference or activate the command by moving point to it and typing
+@key{RET}. You can also do this with the mouse, using either
+@kbd{Mouse-1} or @kbd{Mouse-2}.
+
+ Since yanking text into a read-only buffer is not allowed, these
+buffers generally define @kbd{Mouse-2} to follow a reference or
+activate a command. For example, if you click @kbd{Mouse-2} on a file
+name in a Dired buffer, you visit that file. If you click
+@kbd{Mouse-2} on an error message in the @samp{*Compilation*} buffer,
+you go to the source code for that error message. If you click
+@kbd{Mouse-2} on a completion in the @samp{*Completions*} buffer, you
+choose that completion.
+
+ However, most applications use @kbd{Mouse-1} to do this sort of
+thing, so Emacs implements this too. If you click @kbd{Mouse-1}
+quickly on a reference or button, it follows or activates. If you
+click slowly, it moves point as usual. Dragging, meaning moving the
+mouse while it is held down, also has its usual behavior of setting
+the region.
+
+@vindex mouse-1-click-in-non-selected-windows
+ Normally, the @kbd{Mouse-1} click behavior is performed on links in
+any window. The variable @code{mouse-1-click-in-non-selected-windows}
+controls whether @kbd{Mouse-1} has this behavior even in non-selected
+windows, or only in the selected window.
+
+@vindex mouse-highlight
+ You can usually tell when @kbd{Mouse-1} and @kbd{Mouse-2} have this
+special sort of meaning because the sensitive text highlights when you
+move the mouse over it. The variable @code{mouse-highlight} controls
+whether to do this highlighting always (even when such text appears
+where the mouse already is), never, or only immediately after you move
+the mouse.
+
+@vindex mouse-1-click-follows-link
+ In Emacs versions before 22, only @kbd{Mouse-2} follows links and
+@kbd{Mouse-1} always sets points. If you prefer this behavior, set
+the variable @code{mouse-1-click-follows-link} to @code{nil}. This
+variable also lets you choose various other alternatives for following
+links with the mouse. Type @kbd{C-h v mouse-1-click-follows-link @key{RET}}
+for more details.
@node Menu Mouse Clicks
@section Mouse Clicks for Menus
@table @kbd
@item C-Mouse-1
@kindex C-Mouse-1
-@findex msb-mode
-@cindex MSB minor mode
-@cindex mode, MSB
This menu is for selecting a buffer.
-The MSB (`mouse select buffer') global minor mode alters this menu to a
-form some people prefer and which is customizable. See the Custom group
-@code{msb} (@pxref{Easy Customization}).
+The MSB (``mouse select buffer'') global minor mode makes this
+menu smarter and more customizable. @xref{Buffer Menus}.
@item C-Mouse-2
@kindex C-Mouse-2
@item C-Mouse-3
@kindex C-Mouse-3
-This menu is mode-specific. For most modes if Menu-bar mode is on, this
-menu has the same items as all the mode-specific menu-bar menus put
-together. Some modes may specify a different menu for this
+This menu is mode-specific. For most modes if Menu-bar mode is on,
+this menu has the same items as all the mode-specific menu-bar menus
+put together. Some modes may specify a different menu for this
button.@footnote{Some systems use @kbd{Mouse-3} for a mode-specific
menu. We took a survey of users, and found they preferred to keep
-@kbd{Mouse-3} for selecting and killing regions. Hence the decision to
-use @kbd{C-Mouse-3} for this menu.} If Menu-bar mode is off, this menu
-contains all the items which would be present in the menu bar---not just
-the mode-specific ones---so that you can access them without having to
-display the menu bar.
+@kbd{Mouse-3} for selecting and killing regions. Hence the decision
+to use @kbd{C-Mouse-3} for this menu. To use @kbd{Mouse-3} instead,
+do @code{(global-set-key [mouse-3] 'mouse-popup-menubar-stuff)}.} If
+Menu-bar mode is off, this menu contains all the items which would be
+present in the menu bar---not just the mode-specific ones---so that
+you can access them without having to display the menu bar.
@item S-Mouse-1
This menu is for specifying the frame's principal font.
You can use mouse clicks on window mode lines to select and manipulate
windows.
+ Some areas of the mode line, such as the buffer name and the major
+mode name, have their own special mouse bindings. These areas are
+highlighted when you hold the mouse over them, and information about
+the special bindings will be displayed (@pxref{Tooltips}).
+
+ You can also click on areas of the mode line that do not have
+special mouse bindings of their own. This has the following effects:
+
@table @kbd
@item Mouse-1
@kindex Mouse-1 @r{(mode line)}
-@kbd{Mouse-1} on a mode line selects the window above. By dragging
-@kbd{Mouse-1} on the mode line, you can move it, thus changing the
-height of the windows above and below.
+@kbd{Mouse-1} on a mode line selects the window it belongs to. By
+dragging @kbd{Mouse-1} on the mode line, you can move it, thus
+changing the height of the windows above and below.
@item Mouse-2
@kindex Mouse-2 @r{(mode line)}
@item Mouse-3
@kindex Mouse-3 @r{(mode line)}
-@kbd{Mouse-3} on a mode line deletes the window above. If the frame has
-only one window, it buries the current buffer instead and switches to
-another buffer.
+@kbd{Mouse-3} on a mode line deletes the window it belongs to. If the
+frame has only one window, it buries the current buffer instead, and
+switches to another buffer.
@item C-Mouse-2
@kindex C-mouse-2 @r{(mode line)}
@kindex C-Mouse-2 @r{(scroll bar)}
@kbd{C-Mouse-2} on a scroll bar splits the corresponding window
-vertically, unless you are using an X toolkit's implentation of
-scroll bars. @xref{Split Window}.
-
- The commands above apply to areas of the mode line which do not have
-special mouse bindings of their own. Some areas, such as the buffer
-name and the major mode name, have their own special mouse bindings.
-Emacs displays information about these bindings when you hold the
-mouse over such a place.
+vertically. @xref{Split Window}.
@node Creating Frames
@section Creating Frames
frame rather than just a new window in the selected frame (@pxref{Pop
Up Window}). If an existing visible or iconified frame already displays
the requested material, these commands use the existing frame, after
-raising or deiconifying as necessary.
+raising or deiconifying as necessary.
The various @kbd{C-x 5} commands differ in how they find or create the
buffer to select:
@table @kbd
-@item C-x 5 1
-@kindex C-x 5 1
-@findex delete-other-frames
-Delete all frames except the selected one (@code{delete-other-frames}).
@item C-x 5 2
@kindex C-x 5 2
@findex make-frame-command
(add-to-list 'default-frame-alist '(font . "10x20"))
@end example
+@noindent
+Here's a similar example for specifying a foreground color:
+
+@example
+(add-to-list 'default-frame-alist '(foreground-color . "blue"))
+@end example
+
@node Frame Commands
@section Frame Commands
Delete all frames except the selected one.
@end table
+@vindex focus-follows-mouse
+ To make the command @kbd{C-x 5 o} work properly, you must tell Emacs
+how the system (or the window manager) generally handles
+focus-switching between windows. There are two possibilities: either
+simply moving the mouse onto a window selects it (gives it focus), or
+you have to click on it in a suitable way to do so. Unfortunately
+there is no way Emacs can find out automatically which way the system
+handles this, so you have to explicitly say, by setting the variable
+@code{focus-follows-mouse}. If just moving the mouse onto a window
+selects it, that variable should be @code{t}; if a click is necessary,
+the variable should be @code{nil}.
+
@node Speedbar
-@section Making and Using a Speedbar Frame
+@section Speedbar Frames
@cindex speedbar
- An Emacs frame can have a @dfn{speedbar}, which is a vertical window
-that serves as a scrollable menu of files you could visit and tags
-within those files. To create a speedbar, type @kbd{M-x speedbar}; this
-creates a speedbar window for the selected frame. From then on, you can
-click on a file name in the speedbar to visit that file in the
-corresponding Emacs frame, or click on a tag name to jump to that tag in
-the Emacs frame.
-
- Initially the speedbar lists the immediate contents of the current
-directory, one file per line. Each line also has a box, @samp{[+]} or
-@samp{<+>}, that you can click on with @kbd{Mouse-2} to ``open up'' the
-contents of that item. If the line names a directory, opening it adds
+@cindex attached frame (of speedbar)
+ The @dfn{speedbar} is a special frame for conveniently navigating in
+or operating on another frame. The speedbar, when it exists, is
+always associated with a specific frame, called its @dfn{attached
+frame}; all speedbar operations act on that frame.
+
+ Type @kbd{M-x speedbar} to create the speedbar and associate it with
+the current frame. To dismiss the speedbar, type @kbd{M-x speedbar}
+again, or select the speedbar and type @kbd{q}. (You can also delete
+the speedbar frame like any other Emacs frame.) If you wish to
+associate the speedbar with a different frame, dismiss it and call
+@kbd{M-x speedbar} from that frame.
+
+ The speedbar can operate in various modes. Its default mode is
+@dfn{File Display} mode, which shows the files in the current
+directory of the selected window of the attached frame, one file per
+line. Clicking on a file name visits that file in the selected window
+of the attached frame, and clicking on a directory name shows that
+directory in the speedbar (@pxref{Mouse References}). Each line also
+has a box, @samp{[+]} or @samp{<+>}, that you can click on to
+@dfn{expand} the contents of that item. Expanding a directory adds
the contents of that directory to the speedbar display, underneath the
-directory's own line. If the line lists an ordinary file, opening it up
-adds a list of the tags in that file to the speedbar display. When a
-file is opened up, the @samp{[+]} changes to @samp{[-]}; you can click
-on that box to ``close up'' that file (hide its contents).
+directory's own line. Expanding an ordinary file adds a list of the
+tags in that file to the speedbar display; you can click on a tag name
+to jump to that tag in the selected window of the attached frame.
+When a file or directory is expanded, the @samp{[+]} changes to
+@samp{[-]}; you can click on that box to @dfn{contract} the item,
+hiding its contents.
+
+ You navigate through the speedbar using the keyboard, too. Typing
+@kbd{RET} while point is on a line in the speedbar is equivalent to
+clicking the item on the current line, and @kbd{SPC} expands or
+contracts the item. @kbd{U} displays the parent directory of the
+current directory. To copy, delete, or rename the file on the current
+line, type @kbd{C}, @kbd{D}, and @kbd{R} respectively. To create a
+new directory, type @kbd{M}.
+
+ Another general-purpose speedbar mode is @dfn{Buffer Display} mode;
+in this mode, the speedbar displays a list of Emacs buffers. To
+switch to this mode, type @kbd{b} in the speedbar. To return to File
+Display mode, type @kbd{f}. You can also change the display mode by
+clicking @kbd{mouse-3} anywhere in the speedbar window (or
+@kbd{mouse-1} on the mode-line) and selecting @samp{Displays} in the
+pop-up menu.
Some major modes, including Rmail mode, Info, and GUD, have
specialized ways of putting useful items into the speedbar for you to
files, and lets you move the current message to another Rmail file by
clicking on its @samp{<M>} box.
- A speedbar belongs to one Emacs frame, and always operates on that
-frame. If you use multiple frames, you can make a speedbar for some or
-all of the frames; type @kbd{M-x speedbar} in any given frame to make a
-speedbar for it.
+ For more details on using and programming the speedbar, @xref{Top,
+Speedbar,,speedbar, Speedbar Manual}.
@node Multiple Displays
@section Multiple Displays
@code{special-display-buffer-names} or @code{special-display-regexps}
can also be a list. Then the first element is the buffer name or
regular expression; the rest of the list specifies how to create the
-frame. It can be an association list specifying frame parameter values;
-these values take precedence over parameter values specified in
-@code{special-display-frame-alist}. Alternatively, it can have this
-form:
+frame. It can be an association list specifying frame parameter
+values; these values take precedence over parameter values specified
+in @code{special-display-frame-alist}. If you specify the symbol
+@code{same-window} as a ``frame parameter'' in this list, with a
+non-@code{nil} value, that means to use the selected window if
+possible. If you use the symbol @code{same-frame} as a ``frame
+parameter'' in this list, with a non-@code{nil} value, that means to
+use the selected frame if possible.
+
+ Alternatively, the value can have this form:
@example
(@var{function} @var{args}...)
@node Frame Parameters
@section Setting Frame Parameters
-@cindex colors
@cindex Auto-Raise mode
@cindex Auto-Lower mode
@findex set-border-color
@findex auto-raise-mode
@findex auto-lower-mode
+@cindex colors
@table @kbd
@item M-x set-foreground-color @key{RET} @var{color} @key{RET}
Specify color @var{color} for the foreground of the selected frame.
-(This also changes the foreground color of the default face.)
+(This also changes the foreground color of the default face.) You can
+specify @var{color} either by its symbolic name or by its RGB
+numerical specification@footnote{
+See the X Window System documentation for more details. On a typical
+GNU or Unix system, the command @kbd{man 7 X} or @kbd{man -s 7 X} will
+display the X manual page that explains how to specify colors.}.
@item M-x set-background-color @key{RET} @var{color} @key{RET}
Specify color @var{color} for the background of the selected frame.
@item M-x list-colors-display
Display the defined color names and show what the colors look like.
-This command is somewhat slow.
+This command is somewhat slow. @xref{Colors, list-colors-display,
+Display available colors}.
@item M-x auto-raise-mode
Toggle whether or not the selected frame should auto-raise. Auto-raise
In Emacs versions that use an X toolkit, the color-setting and
font-setting functions don't affect menus and the menu bar, since they
are displayed by their own widget classes. To change the appearance of
-the menus and menu bar, you must use X resources (@pxref{Resources X}).
-@xref{Colors X}, regarding colors. @xref{Font X}, regarding choice of
+the menus and menu bar, you must use X resources (@pxref{Resources}).
+@xref{Colors}, regarding colors. @xref{Font X}, regarding choice of
font.
- For information on frame parameters and customization, see @ref{Frame
+ Colors, fonts, and other attributes of the frame's display can also
+be customized by setting frame parameters in the variable
+@code{default-frame-alist} (@pxref{Creating Frames}). For a detailed
+description of frame parameters and customization, see @ref{Frame
Parameters,,, elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
@node Scroll Bars
down to the level where you click. By clicking repeatedly in the same
place, you can scroll by the same distance over and over.
- If you are using Emacs's own implementation of scroll bars, as opposed
-to scroll bars from an X toolkit, you can also click @kbd{C-Mouse-2} in
-the scroll bar to split a window vertically. The split occurs on the
-line where you click.
+ You can also click @kbd{C-Mouse-2} in the scroll bar to split a
+window vertically. The split occurs on the line where you click.
@findex scroll-bar-mode
@vindex scroll-bar-mode
scroll-bar-mode}. With no argument, it toggles the use of scroll bars.
With an argument, it turns use of scroll bars on if and only if the
argument is positive. This command applies to all frames, including
-frames yet to be created. Customize the option @code{scroll-bar-mode}
+frames yet to be created. Customize the variable @code{scroll-bar-mode}
to control the use of scroll bars at startup. You can use it to specify
that they are placed at the right of windows if you prefer that. You
-can use the X resource @samp{verticalScrollBars} to control the initial
-setting of Scroll Bar mode similarly. @xref{Resources X}.
+have to set this variable through the @samp{Customize} interface
+(@pxref{Easy Customization}). Otherwise, it will not work properly.
+You can use the X resource @samp{verticalScrollBars} to control the
+initial setting of Scroll Bar mode similarly. @xref{Resources}.
@findex toggle-scroll-bar
To enable or disable scroll bars for just the selected frame, use the
-@kbd{M-x toggle-scroll-bar} command.
+command @kbd{M-x toggle-scroll-bar}.
+
+@vindex scroll-bar-width
+@cindex width of the scroll bar
+ You can control the scroll bar width by changing the value of the
+@code{scroll-bar-width} frame parameter.
@node Wheeled Mice
@section Scrolling With ``Wheeled'' Mice
@cindex mouse wheel
-@findex mouse-wheel-install
- Some mice have a ``wheel'' instead of a third button. You can usually
-click the wheel to act as @kbd{Mouse-3}. You can also use the wheel to
+@cindex wheel, mouse
+@findex mouse-wheel-mode
+@cindex Mouse Wheel minor mode
+@cindex mode, Mouse Wheel
+ Some mice have a ``wheel'' instead of a third button. You can
+usually click the wheel to act as either @kbd{Mouse-2} or
+@kbd{Mouse-3}, depending on the setup. You can also use the wheel to
scroll windows instead of using the scroll bar or keyboard commands.
-Use @kbd{M-x mouse-wheel-install} to set up the wheel for scrolling or put
-@samp{(require 'mouse-wheel)} in your @file{.emacs}. (Support for the wheel
-depends on the system generating appropriate events for Emacs.)
+Mouse wheel support only works if the system generates appropriate
+events; whenever possible, it is turned on by default. To toggle this
+feature, use @kbd{M-x mouse-wheel-mode}.
@vindex mouse-wheel-follow-mouse
@vindex mouse-wheel-scroll-amount
+@vindex mouse-wheel-progressive-speed
The variables @code{mouse-wheel-follow-mouse} and
@code{mouse-wheel-scroll-amount} determine where and by how much
-buffers are scrolled.
+buffers are scrolled. The variable
+@code{mouse-wheel-progressive-speed} determines whether the scroll
+speed is linked to how fast you move the wheel.
+
+@node Drag and Drop
+@section Drag and Drop
+@cindex drag and drop
+
+ Emacs supports @dfn{drag and drop} using the mouse. For instance,
+dropping text onto an Emacs frame inserts the text where it is dropped.
+Dropping a file onto an Emacs frame visits that file. As a special
+case, dropping the file on a Dired buffer moves or copies the file
+(according to the conventions of the application it came from) into the
+directory displayed in that buffer.
+
+@vindex dnd-open-file-other-window
+ Dropping a file normally visits it in the window you drop it on. If
+you prefer to visit the file in a new window in such cases, customize
+the variable @code{dnd-open-file-other-window}.
+
+@ignore
+@c ??? To Lisp manual
+@vindex x-dnd-test-function
+@vindex x-dnd-known-types
+ When a user drags something from another application over Emacs, that other
+application expects Emacs to tell it if Emacs can handle the data that is
+dragged. The variable @code{x-dnd-test-function} is used by Emacs to determine
+what to reply. The default value is @code{x-dnd-default-test-function}
+which accepts drops if the type of the data to be dropped is present in
+@code{x-dnd-known-types}. You can customize @code{x-dnd-test-function} and/or
+@code{x-dnd-known-types} if you want Emacs to accept or reject drops based
+on some other criteria.
+
+@vindex x-dnd-types-alist
+ If you want to change the way Emacs handles drop of different types
+or add a new type, customize @code{x-dnd-types-alist}. This requires
+detailed knowledge of what types other applications use for drag and
+drop.
+
+@vindex dnd-protocol-alist
+ When an URL is dropped on Emacs it may be a file, but it may also be
+another URL type (ftp, http, etc.). Emacs first checks
+@code{dnd-protocol-alist} to determine what to do with the URL. If
+there is no match there and if @code{browse-url-browser-function} is
+an alist, Emacs looks for a match there. If no match is found the
+text for the URL is inserted. If you want to alter Emacs behavior,
+you can customize these variables.
+@end ignore
+
+ The drag and drop protocols XDND, Motif and the
+old KDE 1.x protocol are currently supported.
@node Menu Bars
@section Menu Bars
@cindex mode, Menu Bar
You can turn display of menu bars on or off with @kbd{M-x
-menu-bar-mode} or by customizing the option @code{menu-bar-mode}.
+menu-bar-mode} or by customizing the variable @code{menu-bar-mode}.
With no argument, this command toggles Menu Bar mode, a
minor mode. With an argument, the command turns Menu Bar mode on if the
argument is positive, off if the argument is not positive. You can use
the X resource @samp{menuBarLines} to control the initial setting of
-Menu Bar mode. @xref{Resources X}.
+Menu Bar mode. @xref{Resources}.
@kindex C-Mouse-3 @r{(when menu bar is disabled)}
Expert users often turn off the menu bar, especially on text-only
terminals, where this makes one additional line available for text.
If the menu bar is off, you can still pop up a menu of its contents
-with @kbd{C-Mouse-3} on a display which supports popup menus.
+with @kbd{C-Mouse-3} on a display which supports pop-up menus.
@xref{Menu Mouse Clicks}.
@xref{Menu Bar}, for information on how to invoke commands with the
-menu bar.
+menu bar. @xref{X Resources}, for how to customize the menu bar
+menus.
@node Tool Bars
@section Tool Bars
@cindex Tool Bar mode
@cindex mode, Tool Bar
-@cindex icons, tool bar
+@cindex icons, toolbar
-The @dfn{tool bar} is a line (or multiple lines) of icons at the top
-of the Emacs window. You can click on these icons with the mouse
-to do various jobs.
+ The @dfn{tool bar} is a line (or lines) of icons at the top of the
+Emacs window, just below the menu bar. You can click on these icons
+with the mouse to do various jobs.
-The global tool bar contains general commands. Some major modes
+ The global tool bar contains general commands. Some major modes
define their own tool bars to replace it. A few ``special'' modes
that are not designed for ordinary editing remove some items from the
global tool bar.
-Tool bars work only on a graphical display and only when Emacs is
-compiled with image support. The tool bar uses colored XPM icons if
-Emacs was built with XPM support. Otherwise, the tool bar uses
-monochrome icons (PBM or XBM format).
+ Tool bars work only on a graphical display. The tool bar uses colored
+XPM icons if Emacs was built with XPM support. Otherwise, the tool
+bar uses monochrome icons (PBM or XBM format).
-You can turn display of tool bars on or off with @kbd{M-x
-tool-bar-mode}.
+ You can turn display of tool bars on or off with @kbd{M-x
+tool-bar-mode} or by customizing the option @code{tool-bar-mode}.
@node Dialog Boxes
@section Using Dialog Boxes
dialog box to ask a yes-or-no question, if you used the mouse to
invoke the command to begin with.
- You can customize the option @code{use-dialog-box} to suppress the
+ You can customize the variable @code{use-dialog-box} to suppress the
use of dialog boxes. This also controls whether to use file selection
windows (but those are not supported on all platforms).
-@node Faces
-@section Using Multiple Typefaces
-@cindex faces
-
- When using Emacs with a window system, you can set up multiple
-styles of displaying characters. The aspects of style that you can
-control are the type font, the foreground color, the background color,
-and whether to underline. On non-windowed terminals (including
-MS-DOS, @pxref{MS-DOS}), Emacs supports faces to the extent the
-terminal can display them.
-
- The way you control display style is by defining named @dfn{faces}.
-Each face can specify a type font, a foreground color, a background
-color, and an underline flag; but it does not have to specify all of
-them. Then by specifying the face or faces to use for a given part
-of the text in the buffer, you control how that text appears.
-
- The style of display used for a given character in the text is
-determined by combining several faces. Any aspect of the display style
-that isn't specified by overlays or text properties comes from the frame
-itself.
-
- Enriched mode, the mode for editing formatted text, includes several
-commands and menus for specifying faces. @xref{Format Faces}, for how
-to specify the font for text in the buffer. @xref{Format Colors}, for
-how to specify the foreground and background color.
-
- To alter the appearance of a face, use the customization buffer.
-@xref{Face Customization}. You can also use X resources to specify
-attributes of particular faces (@pxref{Resources X}).
-
-@cindex face colors, setting
-@findex set-face-foreground
-@findex set-face-background
- Alternatively, you can change the foreground and background colors
-of a specific face with @kbd{M-x set-face-foreground} and @kbd{M-x
-set-face-background}. These commands prompt in the minibuffer for a
-face name and a color name, with completion, and then set that face to
-use the specified color.
-
-@findex list-faces-display
- To see what faces are currently defined, and what they look like, type
-@kbd{M-x list-faces-display}. It's possible for a given face to look
-different in different frames; this command shows the appearance in the
-frame in which you type it. Here's a list of the standardly defined
-faces:
-
-@table @code
-@item default
-This face is used for ordinary text that doesn't specify any other face.
-@item modeline
-This face is used for mode lines. By default, it's drawn with shadows
-for a ``raised'' effect on window systems, and drawn as the inverse of
-the default face on non-windowed terminals. @xref{Display Vars}.
-@item header-line
-Similar to @code{modeline} for a window's header line.
-@item highlight
-This face is used for highlighting portions of text, in various modes.
-@item region
-This face is used for displaying a selected region (when Transient Mark
-mode is enabled---see below).
-@item secondary-selection
-This face is used for displaying a secondary selection (@pxref{Secondary
-Selection}).
-@item bold
-This face uses a bold variant of the default font, if it has one.
-@item italic
-This face uses an italic variant of the default font, if it has one.
-@item bold-italic
-This face uses a bold italic variant of the default font, if it has one.
-@item underline
-This face underlines text.
-@item fixed-pitch
-The basic fixed-pitch face.
-@item fringe
-The face for the fringes to the left and right of windows under X.
-@item scroll-bar
-This face determines the colors of the scroll bar.
-@item border
-This face determines the color of the frame border.
-@item cursor
-This face determines the color of the cursor.
-@item mouse
-This face determines the color of the mouse pointer.
-@item tool-bar
-The basic tool-bar face. No text appears in the tool bar, but the
-colors of this face affect the appearance of tool bar icons.
-@item menu
-This face determines the colors and font of Emacs's menus. Setting the
-font of LessTif/Motif menus is currently not supported; attempts to set
-the font are ignored in this case.
-@item trailing-whitespace
-The face for highlighting trailing whitespace when
-@code{show-trailing-whitespace} is non-nil.
-@item variable-pitch
-The basic variable-pitch face.
-@end table
-
-@cindex @code{region} face
- When Transient Mark mode is enabled, the text of the region is
-highlighted when the mark is active. This uses the face named
-@code{region}; you can control the style of highlighting by changing the
-style of this face (@pxref{Face Customization}). @xref{Transient Mark},
-for more information about Transient Mark mode and activation and
-deactivation of the mark.
-
- One easy way to use faces is to turn on Font Lock mode. This minor
-mode, which is always local to a particular buffer, arranges to
-choose faces according to the syntax of the text you are editing. It
-can recognize comments and strings in most languages; in several
-languages, it can also recognize and properly highlight various other
-important constructs. @xref{Font Lock}, for more information about
-Font Lock mode and syntactic highlighting.
-
- You can print out the buffer with the highlighting that appears
-on your screen using the command @code{ps-print-buffer-with-faces}.
-@xref{PostScript}.
-
-@node Font Lock
-@section Font Lock mode
-@cindex Font Lock mode
-@cindex mode, Font Lock
-@cindex syntax highlighting
-@cindex syntax coloring
-
- Font Lock mode is a minor mode, always local to a particular
-buffer, which highlights (or ``fontifies'') using various faces
-according to the syntax of the text you are editing. It can
-recognize comments and strings in most languages; in several
-languages, it can also recognize and properly highlight various other
-important constructs---for example, names of functions being defined
-or reserved keywords.
-
-@findex font-lock-mode
-@findex turn-on-font-lock
- The command @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode} turns Font Lock mode on or off
-according to the argument, and toggles the mode when it has no argument.
-The function @code{turn-on-font-lock} unconditionally enables Font Lock
-mode. This is useful in mode-hook functions. For example, to enable
-Font Lock mode whenever you edit a C file, you can do this:
-
-@example
-(add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
-@end example
-
-@findex global-font-lock-mode
-@vindex global-font-lock-mode
- To turn on Font Lock mode automatically in all modes which support
-it, customize the user option @code{global-font-lock-mode} or use the
-function @code{global-font-lock-mode} in your @file{.emacs} file, like
-this:
-
-@example
-(global-font-lock-mode 1)
-@end example
-
- Font Lock mode uses several specifically named faces to do its job,
-including @code{font-lock-string-face}, @code{font-lock-comment-face},
-and others. The easiest way to find them all is to use completion
-on the face name in @code{set-face-foreground}.
-
- To change the colors or the fonts used by Font Lock mode to fontify
-different parts of text, just change these faces. There are
-two ways to do it:
-
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-Invoke @kbd{M-x set-face-foreground} or @kbd{M-x set-face-background}
-to change the colors of a particular face used by Font Lock.
-@xref{Faces}. The command @kbd{M-x list-faces-display} displays all
-the faces currently known to Emacs, including those used by Font Lock.
-
-@item
-Customize the faces interactively with @kbd{M-x customize-face}, as
-described in @ref{Face Customization}.
-@end itemize
-
-@kindex M-g M-g
-@findex font-lock-fontify-block
- In Font Lock mode, when you edit the text, the highlighting updates
-automatically in the line that you changed. Most changes don't affect
-the highlighting of subsequent lines, but occasionally they do. To
-rehighlight a range of lines, use the command @kbd{M-g M-g}
-(@code{font-lock-fontify-block}).
-
-@vindex font-lock-mark-block-function
- In certain major modes, @kbd{M-g M-g} refontifies the entire current
-function. (The variable @code{font-lock-mark-block-function} controls
-how to find the current function.) In other major modes, @kbd{M-g M-g}
-refontifies 16 lines above and below point.
-
- With a prefix argument @var{n}, @kbd{M-g M-g} refontifies @var{n}
-lines above and below point, regardless of the mode.
-
- To get the full benefit of Font Lock mode, you need to choose a
-default font which has bold, italic, and bold-italic variants; or else
-you need to have a color or gray-scale screen.
-
-@vindex font-lock-maximum-decoration
- The variable @code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} specifies the
-preferred level of fontification, for modes that provide multiple
-levels. Level 1 is the least amount of fontification; some modes
-support levels as high as 3. The normal default is ``as high as
-possible.'' You can specify an integer, which applies to all modes, or
-you can specify different numbers for particular major modes; for
-example, to use level 1 for C/C++ modes, and the default level
-otherwise, use this:
-
-@example
-(setq font-lock-maximum-decoration
- '((c-mode . 1) (c++-mode . 1)))
-@end example
-
-@vindex font-lock-maximum-size
- Fontification can be too slow for large buffers, so you can suppress
-it. The variable @code{font-lock-maximum-size} specifies a buffer size,
-beyond which buffer fontification is suppressed.
-
-@c @w is used below to prevent a bad page-break.
-@vindex font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function
- Comment and string fontification (or ``syntactic'' fontification)
-relies on analysis of the syntactic structure of the buffer text. For
-the purposes of speed, some modes including C mode and Lisp mode rely on
-a special convention: an open-parenthesis in the leftmost column always
-defines the @w{beginning} of a defun, and is thus always outside any string
-or comment. (@xref{Defuns}.) If you don't follow this convention,
-then Font Lock mode can misfontify the text after an open-parenthesis in
-the leftmost column that is inside a string or comment.
-
- The variable @code{font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function} (always
-buffer-local) specifies how Font Lock mode can find a position
-guaranteed to be outside any comment or string. In modes which use the
-leftmost column parenthesis convention, the default value of the variable
-is @code{beginning-of-defun}---that tells Font Lock mode to use the
-convention. If you set this variable to @code{nil}, Font Lock no longer
-relies on the convention. This avoids incorrect results, but the price
-is that, in some cases, fontification for a changed text must rescan
-buffer text from the beginning of the buffer.
-
-@findex font-lock-add-keywords
- Font Lock highlighting patterns already exist for many modes, but you
-may want to fontify additional patterns. You can use the function
-@code{font-lock-add-keywords}, to add your own highlighting patterns for
-a particular mode. For example, to highlight @samp{FIXME:} words in C
-comments, use this:
-
-@example
-(font-lock-add-keywords
- 'c-mode
- '(("\\<\\(FIXME\\):" 1 font-lock-warning-face t)))
-@end example
-
-@node Highlight Changes
-@section Highlight Changes Mode
-
-@findex highlight-changes-mode
- Use @kbd{M-x highlight-changes-mode} to enable a minor mode
-that uses faces (colors, typically) to indicate which parts of
-the buffer were changed most recently.
+@vindex use-file-dialog
+ A file selection window is a special kind of dialog box for asking for
+file names.
-@node Highlight Interactively
-@section Interactive Highlighting by Matching
-@cindex highlighting by matching
-@cindex interactive highlighting
+ You can customize the variable @code{use-file-dialog} to suppress the
+use of file selection windows even if you still want other kinds
+of dialogs. This variable has no effect if you have suppressed all dialog
+boxes with the variable @code{use-dialog-box}.
- It is sometimes useful to highlight the strings that match a certain
-regular expression. For example, you might wish to see all the
-references to a certain variable in a program source file, or highlight
-certain parts in a voluminous output of some program, or make certain
-cliches stand out in an article.
+@vindex x-use-old-gtk-file-dialog
+ For Gtk+ version 2.4 and 2.6, you can make Emacs use the old file dialog
+by setting the variable @code{x-use-old-gtk-file-dialog} to a non-@code{nil}
+value. If Emacs is built with a Gtk+ version that has only one file dialog,
+the setting of this variable has no effect.
-@findex hi-lock-mode
- Use the @kbd{M-x hi-lock-mode} command to turn on a minor mode that
-allows you to specify regular expressions of the text to be
-highlighted. Hi-lock mode works like Font Lock (@pxref{Font Lock}),
-except that it lets you specify explicitly what parts of text to
-highlight. You control Hi-lock mode with these commands:
-
-@table @kbd
-@item C-x w h @var{regexp} @key{RET} @var{face} @key{RET}
-@kindex C-x w i
-@findex highlight-regexp
-Highlight text that matches Highlight all strings that match
-@var{regexp} using face @var{face} (@code{highlight-regexp}).
-By using this command more than once, you can highlight various
-parts of the text in different ways.
-
-@item C-x w r @var{regexp} @key{RET}
-@kindex C-x w r
-@findex unhighlight-regexp
-Unhighlight @var{regexp} (@code{unhighlight-regexp}). You must enter
-one of the regular expressions currently specified for highlighting.
-(You can use completion, or a menu, to enter one of them
-conveniently.)
-
-@item C-x w l @var{regexp} @key{RET} @var{face} @key{RET}
-@kindex C-x w l
-@findex highlight-lines-matching-regexp
-@cindex lines, highlighting
-@cindex highlighting lines of text
-Highlight lines containing a match for @var{regexp}, using face
-@var{face} (@code{highlight-lines-matching-regexp}).
-
-@item C-x w b
-@kindex C-x w b
-@findex hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns
-Insert all the current highlighting regexp/face pairs into the buffer
-at point, with comment delimiters to prevent them from changing your
-program. This key binding runs the
-@code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns} command.
-
-These patterns will be read the next time you visit the file while
-Hi-lock mode is enabled, or whenever you use the @kbd{M-x
-hi-lock-find-patterns} command.
-
-@item C-x w i
-@kindex C-x w i
-@findex hi-lock-find-patterns
-@vindex hi-lock-exclude-modes
-Re-read regexp/face pairs in the current buffer
-(@code{hi-lock-write-interactive-patterns}). The list of pairs is
-found no matter where in the buffer it may be.
-
-This command does nothing if the major mode is a member of the list
-@code{hi-lock-exclude-modes}.
-@end table
-
-@node Trailing Whitespace
-@section Trailing Whitespace
-
-@cindex trailing whitespace
-@cindex whitespace, trailing
-@vindex show-trailing-whitespace
- It is easy to leave unnecessary spaces at the end of a line without
-realizing it. In most cases, this @dfn{trailing whitespace} has no
-effect, but there are special circumstances where it matters.
-
- You can make trailing whitespace visible on the screen by setting
-the variable @code{show-trailing-whitespace} to @code{t}. Then Emacs
-displays trailing whitespace in the face @code{trailing-whitespace}.
-
- Trailing whitespace is defined as spaces or tabs at the end of a
-line. But trailing whitespace is not displayed specially if point is
-at the end of the line containing the whitespace. (Doing that looks
-ugly while you are typing in new text, and the location of point is
-enough in that case to show you that the spaces are present.)
-
-@vindex indicate-empty-lines
-@vindex default-indicate-empty-lines
-@cindex empty lines
- Emacs can indicate empty lines at the end of the buffer with a
-special bitmap on the left fringe of the window. To enable this
-feature, set the buffer-local variable @code{indicate-empty-lines} to
-a non-@code{nil} value. The default value of this variable is
-controlled by the variable @code{default-indicate-empty-lines};
-by setting that variable, you can enable or disable this feature
-for all new buffers.
+@vindex x-gtk-show-hidden-files
+ For Gtk+ version 2.4 and newer, Emacs use the Gtk+ file chooser dialog.
+Emacs adds a toggle button that enables and disables showing of hidden files
+(files starting with a dot) in that dialog. This variable controls if
+hidden files should be shown by default or not.
@node Tooltips
-@section Tooltips (or ``Balloon Help'')
+@section Tooltips
+@cindex tooltips
+
+ @dfn{Tooltips} are small windows that display text information at the
+current mouse position. They activate when there is a pause in mouse
+movement. There are two types of tooltip: help tooltips and GUD
+tooltips.
-@cindex balloon help
- Tooltips are small X windows displaying a help string at the current
-mouse position, typically over text---including the mode line---which
-can be activated with the mouse or other keys. (This facility is
-sometimes known as @dfn{balloon help}.) Help text may be available for
-menu items too.
+ @dfn{Help tooltips} typically display over text---including the mode
+line---but may be also available for many other parts of the Emacs
+frame such as the tool bar and menu items.
@findex tooltip-mode
- To use tooltips, enable Tooltip mode with the command @kbd{M-x
-tooltip-mode}. The customization group @code{tooltip} controls
-various aspects of how tooltips work. When Tooltip mode is disabled,
-the help text is displayed in the echo area instead.
+ You can toggle help tooltips (Tooltip mode) with the command
+ @kbd{M-x tooltip-mode}. When Tooltip mode is disabled, the help text
+is displayed in the echo area instead.
+
+ @dfn{GUD tooltips} show values of variables. They are useful when
+you are debugging a program. @xref{Debugger Operation}.
-As of Emacs 21.1, tooltips are not supported on MS-Windows.
+@vindex tooltip-delay
+ The variables @code{tooltip-delay} specifies how long Emacs should
+wait before displaying a tooltip. For additional customization
+options for displaying tooltips, use @kbd{M-x customize-group
+@key{RET} tooltip @key{RET}}. @xref{X Resources}, for information on
+customizing the windows that display tooltips.
@node Mouse Avoidance
@section Mouse Avoidance
@vindex mouse-avoidance-mode
Mouse Avoidance mode keeps the window system mouse pointer away from
point, to avoid obscuring text. Whenever it moves the mouse, it also
-raises the frame. To use Mouse Avoidance mode, customize the option
+raises the frame. To use Mouse Avoidance mode, customize the variable
@code{mouse-avoidance-mode}. You can set this to various values to
move the mouse in several ways:
@table @code
@item banish
-Move the mouse to the upper-right corner on any keypress;
+Move the mouse to the upper-right corner on any key-press;
@item exile
Move the mouse to the corner only if the cursor gets too close,
and allow it to return once the cursor is out of the way;
Some terminal emulators under X support mouse clicks in the terminal
window. In a terminal emulator which is compatible with @code{xterm},
-you can use @kbd{M-x xterm-mouse-mode} to enable simple use of the
-mouse---only single clicks are supported. The normal @code{xterm} mouse
-functionality is still available by holding down the @kbd{SHIFT} key
-when you press the mouse button.
+you can use @kbd{M-x xterm-mouse-mode} to give Emacs control over
+simple use of the mouse---basically, only non-modified single clicks
+are supported. The normal @code{xterm} mouse functionality for such
+clicks is still available by holding down the @kbd{SHIFT} key when you
+press the mouse button.
+
+ Xterm Mouse mode is a global minor mode (@pxref{Minor Modes}).
+Repeating the command turns the mode off again.
+
+@ignore
+ arch-tag: 7dcf3a31-a43b-45d4-a900-445b10d77e49
+@end ignore