@c This is part of the Emacs manual.
-@c Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Copyright (C) 2004-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
@c
@c This file is included either in emacs-xtra.texi (when producing the
@iftex
Information about Emacs and Microsoft's current operating system
Windows (also known as ``Losedows'') is in the main Emacs manual
-(@pxref{Microsoft Systems,,, emacs, the Emacs Manual}).
+(@pxref{Microsoft Windows,,, emacs, the Emacs Manual}).
@end iftex
@ifnottex
Information about peculiarities common to MS-DOS and Microsoft's
@ifnottex
@xref{Text and Binary}, for information
@end ifnottex
-about Emacs' special handling of text files under MS-DOS (and Windows).
+about Emacs's special handling of text files under MS-DOS (and Windows).
@menu
* Keyboard: MS-DOS Keyboard. Keyboard conventions on MS-DOS.
@kindex BS @r{(MS-DOS)}
The key that is called @key{DEL} in Emacs (because that's how it is
designated on most workstations) is known as @key{BS} (backspace) on a
-PC. That is why the PC-specific terminal initialization remaps the
+PC@. That is why the PC-specific terminal initialization remaps the
@key{BS} key to act as @key{DEL}; the @key{DELETE} key is remapped to act
as @kbd{C-d} for the same reasons.
Text mode, and others) by defining the relevant faces to use different
colors. Use the @code{list-colors-display} command
@iftex
-(@pxref{Frame Parameters,,,emacs, the Emacs Manual})
+(@pxref{Colors,,,emacs, the Emacs Manual})
@end iftex
@ifnottex
-(@pxref{Frame Parameters})
+(@pxref{Colors})
@end ifnottex
and the @code{list-faces-display} command
@iftex
so the bar cursor is horizontal, and the @code{@var{width}} parameter,
if specified by the frame parameters, actually determines its height.
For this reason, the @code{bar} and @code{hbar} cursor types produce
-the same effect on MS-DOS. As an extension, the bar cursor
+the same effect on MS-DOS@. As an extension, the bar cursor
specification can include the starting scan line of the cursor as well
as its width, like this:
@cindex frames on MS-DOS
The MS-DOS terminal can only display a single frame at a time. The
-Emacs frame facilities work on MS-DOS much as they do on text-only
+Emacs frame facilities work on MS-DOS much as they do on text
terminals
@iftex
(@pxref{Frames,,,emacs, the Emacs Manual}).
display more than a single frame at a time.
@cindex frame size under MS-DOS
-@findex mode4350
-@findex mode25
- The @code{mode4350} command switches the display to 43 or 50
-lines, depending on your hardware; the @code{mode25} command switches
+@findex dos-mode4350
+@findex dos-mode25
+ The @code{dos-mode4350} command switches the display to 43 or 50
+lines, depending on your hardware; the @code{dos-mode25} command switches
to the default 80x25 screen size.
By default, Emacs only knows how to set screen sizes of 80 columns by
@ifnottex
(@pxref{Init File})
@end ifnottex
-is called @file{_emacs} on MS-DOS. Excess characters before or after
+is called @file{_emacs} on MS-DOS@. Excess characters before or after
the period are generally ignored by MS-DOS itself; thus, if you visit
the file @file{LongFileName.EvenLongerExtension}, you will silently
get @file{longfile.eve}, but Emacs will still display the long file
for details about setting up printing to a networked printer.
Some printers expect DOS codepage encoding of non-@acronym{ASCII} text, even
-though they are connected to a Windows machine which uses a different
+though they are connected to a Windows machine that uses a different
encoding for the same locale. For example, in the Latin-1 locale, DOS
uses codepage 850 whereas Windows uses codepage 1252. @xref{MS-DOS and
MULE}. When you print to such printers from Windows, you can use the
@kbd{M-x lpr-buffer}; Emacs will then convert the text to the DOS
codepage that you specify. For example, @kbd{C-x RET c cp850-dos RET
M-x lpr-region RET} will print the region while converting it to the
-codepage 850 encoding. You may need to create the @code{cp@var{nnn}}
-coding system with @kbd{M-x codepage-setup}.
+codepage 850 encoding.
@vindex dos-printer
@vindex dos-ps-printer
The description below is largely specific to the MS-DOS port of
Emacs, especially where it talks about practical implications for
-Emacs users. For other operating systems, see the @file{code-pages.el}
-package, which implements support for MS-DOS- and MS-Windows-specific
-encodings for all platforms other than MS-DOS.
+Emacs users.
@table @kbd
@item M-x dos-codepage-setup
Set up Emacs display and coding systems as appropriate for the current
DOS codepage.
-
-@item M-x codepage-setup
-Create a coding system for a certain DOS codepage.
@end table
@cindex codepage, MS-DOS
behaves.}. Much the same limitation applies when you run DOS
executables on other systems such as MS-Windows.
-@cindex unibyte operation @r{(MS-DOS)}
- If you invoke Emacs on MS-DOS with the @samp{--unibyte} option
-@iftex
-(@pxref{Initial Options,,,emacs, the Emacs Manual}),
-@end iftex
-@ifnottex
-(@pxref{Initial Options}),
-@end ifnottex
-Emacs does not perform any conversion of non-@acronym{ASCII}
-characters. Instead, it reads and writes any non-@acronym{ASCII}
-characters verbatim, and sends their 8-bit codes to the display
-verbatim. Thus, unibyte Emacs on MS-DOS supports the current
-codepage, whatever it may be, but cannot even represent any other
-characters.
-
@vindex dos-codepage
For multibyte operation on MS-DOS, Emacs needs to know which
characters the chosen DOS codepage can display. So it queries the
The special features described in the rest of this section mostly
pertain to codepages that encode ISO 8859 character sets.
- For the codepages which correspond to one of the ISO character sets,
-Emacs knows the character set name based on the codepage number. Emacs
+ For the codepages that correspond to one of the ISO character sets,
+Emacs knows the character set based on the codepage number. Emacs
automatically creates a coding system to support reading and writing
files that use the current codepage, and uses this coding system by
default. The name of this coding system is @code{cp@var{nnn}}, where
columns on the screen, it is really still just a single character, and
all Emacs commands treat it as one.
-@cindex IBM graphics characters (MS-DOS)
-@cindex box-drawing characters (MS-DOS)
-@cindex line-drawing characters (MS-DOS)
- Not all characters in DOS codepages correspond to ISO 8859
-characters---some are used for other purposes, such as box-drawing
-characters and other graphics. Emacs maps these characters to two
-special character sets called @code{eight-bit-control} and
-@code{eight-bit-graphic}, and displays them as their IBM glyphs.
-However, you should be aware that other systems might display these
-characters differently, so you should avoid them in text that might be
-copied to a different operating system, or even to another DOS machine
-that uses a different codepage.
-
-@vindex dos-unsupported-character-glyph
- Emacs supports many other characters sets aside from ISO 8859, but it
-cannot display them on MS-DOS. So if one of these multibyte characters
-appears in a buffer, Emacs on MS-DOS displays them as specified by the
-@code{dos-unsupported-character-glyph} variable; by default, this glyph
-is an empty triangle. Use the @kbd{C-u C-x =} command to display the
-actual code and character set of such characters.
-@iftex
-@xref{Position Info,,,emacs, the Emacs Manual}.
-@end iftex
-@ifnottex
-@xref{Position Info}.
-@end ifnottex
-
-@findex codepage-setup
- By default, Emacs defines a coding system to support the current
-codepage. To define a coding system for some other codepage (e.g., to
-visit a file written on a DOS machine in another country), use the
-@kbd{M-x codepage-setup} command. It prompts for the 3-digit code of
-the codepage, with completion, then creates the coding system for the
-specified codepage. You can then use the new coding system to read and
-write files, but you must specify it explicitly for the file command
-when you want to use it
-@iftex
-(@pxref{Text Coding,,,emacs, the Emacs Manual}).
-@end iftex
-@ifnottex
-(@pxref{Text Coding}).
-@end ifnottex
-
- These coding systems are also useful for visiting a file encoded using
-a DOS codepage, using Emacs running on some other operating system.
-
@cindex MS-Windows codepages
MS-Windows provides its own codepages, which are different from the
DOS codepages for the same locale. For example, DOS codepage 850
supports the same character set as Windows codepage 1252; DOS codepage
855 supports the same character set as Windows codepage 1251, etc.
The MS-Windows version of Emacs uses the current codepage for display
-when invoked with the @samp{-nw} option. Support for codepages in the
-Windows port of Emacs is part of the @file{code-pages.el} package.
+when invoked with the @samp{-nw} option.
@node MS-DOS Processes
@subsection Subprocesses on MS-DOS
@cindex inferior processes under MS-DOS
@findex compile @r{(MS-DOS)}
@findex grep @r{(MS-DOS)}
- Because MS-DOS is a single-process ``operating system,''
+ Because MS-DOS is a single-process ``operating system'',
asynchronous subprocesses are not available. In particular, Shell
mode and its variants do not work. Most Emacs features that use
asynchronous subprocesses also don't work on MS-DOS, including
-Shell mode and GUD. When in doubt, try and see; commands that
+Shell mode and GUD@. When in doubt, try and see; commands that
don't work output an error message saying that asynchronous processes
aren't supported.
Pressing @kbd{C-c} or @kbd{C-@key{BREAK}} might sometimes help in these
cases.
- Accessing files on other machines is not supported on MS-DOS. Other
+ Accessing files on other machines is not supported on MS-DOS@. Other
network-oriented commands such as sending mail, Web browsing, remote
login, etc., don't work either, unless network access is built into
MS-DOS with some network redirector.
@cindex directory listing on MS-DOS
@vindex dired-listing-switches @r{(MS-DOS)}
- Dired on MS-DOS uses the @code{ls-lisp} package where other
-platforms use the system @code{ls} command. Therefore, Dired on
-MS-DOS supports only some of the possible options you can mention in
-the @code{dired-listing-switches} variable. The options that work are
-@samp{-A}, @samp{-a}, @samp{-c}, @samp{-i}, @samp{-r}, @samp{-S},
-@samp{-s}, @samp{-t}, and @samp{-u}.
-
-@ignore
- arch-tag: 868d50ff-07f8-4a13-a807-dab6f1cdb431
-@end ignore
+ Dired on MS-DOS uses the @code{ls-lisp} package
+@iftex
+(@pxref{ls in Lisp,,,emacs, the Emacs Manual}).
+@end iftex
+@ifnottex
+(@pxref{ls in Lisp}).
+@end ifnottex
+Therefore, Dired on MS-DOS supports only some of the possible options
+you can mention in the @code{dired-listing-switches} variable. The
+options that work are @samp{-A}, @samp{-a}, @samp{-c}, @samp{-i},
+@samp{-r}, @samp{-S}, @samp{-s}, @samp{-t}, and @samp{-u}.