@c This is part of the Emacs manual.
-@c Copyright (C) 1985-1987, 1993-1995, 1997, 2001-2012
-@c Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Copyright (C) 1985-1987, 1993-1995, 1997, 2001-2016 Free Software
+@c Foundation, Inc.
@c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
@node Screen
@chapter The Organization of the Screen
@cindex frame
On a graphical display, such as on GNU/Linux using the X Window
-System, Emacs occupies a ``graphical window''. On a text terminal,
+System, Emacs occupies a graphical window. On a text terminal,
Emacs occupies the entire terminal screen. We will use the term
@dfn{frame} to mean a graphical window or terminal screen occupied by
Emacs. Emacs behaves very similarly on both kinds of frames. It
above the echo area, is called @dfn{the window}. Henceforth in this
manual, we will use the word ``window'' in this sense. Graphical
display systems commonly use the word ``window'' with a different
-meaning; but, as stated above, we refer to those ``graphical windows''
+meaning; but, as stated above, we refer to those graphical windows
as ``frames''.
An Emacs window is where the @dfn{buffer}---the text you are
you what the command has done, or to provide you with some specific
information. These @dfn{informative} messages, unlike error messages,
are not accompanied with a beep or flash. For example, @kbd{C-x =}
-(hold down @key{CTRL} and type @kbd{x}, then let go of @key{CTRL} and
+(hold down @key{Ctrl} and type @kbd{x}, then let go of @key{Ctrl} and
type @kbd{=}) displays a message describing the character at point,
its position in the buffer, and its current column in the window.
Commands that take a long time often display messages ending in
string is displayed, that indicates a nontrivial end-of-line
convention for encoding a file. Usually, lines of text are separated
by @dfn{newline characters} in a file, but two other conventions are
-sometimes used. The MS-DOS convention uses a ``carriage-return''
-character followed by a ``linefeed'' character; when editing such
+sometimes used. The MS-DOS convention uses a carriage-return
+character followed by a linefeed character; when editing such
files, the colon changes to either a backslash (@samp{\}) or
@samp{(DOS)}, depending on the operating system. Another convention,
-employed by older Macintosh systems, uses a ``carriage-return''
+employed by older Macintosh systems, uses a carriage-return
character instead of a newline; when editing such files, the colon
changes to either a forward slash (@samp{/}) or @samp{(Mac)}. On some
systems, Emacs displays @samp{(Unix)} instead of the colon for files
The next element on the mode line is the string indicated by
@var{ch}. This shows two dashes (@samp{--}) if the buffer displayed
in the window has the same contents as the corresponding file on the
-disk; i.e., if the buffer is ``unmodified''. If the buffer is
+disk; i.e., if the buffer is unmodified. If the buffer is
modified, it shows two stars (@samp{**}). For a read-only buffer, it
shows @samp{%*} if the buffer is modified, and @samp{%%} otherwise.
can use to perform common operations. There's no need to list them
here, as you can more easily see them yourself.
-@kindex M-`
-@kindex F10
-@findex tmm-menubar
-@findex menu-bar-open
- On a graphical display, you can use the mouse to choose a command
-from the menu bar. An arrow on the right edge of a menu item means it
-leads to a subsidiary menu, or @dfn{submenu}. A @samp{...} at the end
-of a menu item means that the command will prompt you for further
-input before it actually does anything.
+ On a display that supports a mouse, you can use the mouse to choose a
+command from the menu bar. An arrow on the right edge of a menu item
+means it leads to a subsidiary menu, or @dfn{submenu}. A @samp{...}
+at the end of a menu item means that the command will prompt you for
+further input before it actually does anything.
Some of the commands in the menu bar have ordinary key bindings as
well; if so, a key binding is shown in parentheses after the item
item, type @kbd{C-h k}, and then select the menu bar with the mouse in
the usual way (@pxref{Key Help}).
+@kindex F10
+@findex menu-bar-open
+@cindex menu bar access using keyboard
Instead of using the mouse, you can also invoke the first menu bar
item by pressing @key{F10} (to run the command @code{menu-bar-open}).
You can then navigate the menus with the arrow keys. To activate a
selected menu item, press @key{RET}; to cancel menu navigation, press
-@key{ESC}.
-
- On a text terminal, you can use the menu bar by typing @kbd{M-`} or
-@key{F10} (these run the command @code{tmm-menubar}). This lets you
-select a menu item with the keyboard. A provisional choice appears in
-the echo area. You can use the up and down arrow keys to move through
-the menu to different items, and then you can type @key{RET} to select
-the item. Each menu item is also designated by a letter or digit
-(usually the initial of some word in the item's name). This letter or
-digit is separated from the item name by @samp{=>}. You can type the
-item's letter or digit to select the item.
+@kbd{C-g} or @kbd{@key{ESC} @key{ESC} @key{ESC}}.
+
+@kindex M-`
+@findex tmm-menubar
+@vindex tty-menu-open-use-tmm
+ On a text terminal, you can optionally access the menu-bar menus in
+the echo area. To this end, customize the variable
+@code{tty-menu-open-use-tmm} to a non-@code{nil} value. Then typing
+@key{F10} will run the command @code{tmm-menubar} instead of dropping
+down the menu. (You can also type @kbd{M-`}, which always invokes
+@code{tmm-menubar}.) @code{tmm-menubar} lets you select a menu item
+with the keyboard. A provisional choice appears in the echo area.
+You can use the up and down arrow keys to move through the menu to
+different items, and then you can type @key{RET} to select the item.
+Each menu item is also designated by a letter or digit (usually the
+initial of some word in the item's name). This letter or digit is
+separated from the item name by @samp{==>}. You can type the item's
+letter or digit to select the item.