(Horizontal Scrolling): Document automatic-hscroll-margin and

[gnu-emacs] / man / basic.texi

diff --git a/man/basic.texi b/man/basic.texi
index cada16712df7eba0239ea1f86065d5a8fa7cbf64..58b1485ec25e3fe3b31bbb821dfff2386866620f 100644 (file)
--- a/man/basic.texi
+++ b/man/basic.texi
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.
 @c This is part of the Emacs manual.

-@c Copyright (C) 1985, 86, 87, 93, 94, 95, 97, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Copyright (C) 1985,86,87,93,94,95,97,2000,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
 @node Basic, Minibuffer, Exiting, Top
 @chapter Basic Editing Commands
 @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
 @node Basic, Minibuffer, Exiting, Top
 @chapter Basic Editing Commands


@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ still before the @samp{B}.
 labeled @key{DEL}, @key{BACKSPACE} or @key{DELETE} which is a short
 distance above the @key{RET} or @key{ENTER} key.  This is the key you
 normally use, outside Emacs, for erasing the last character that you
 labeled @key{DEL}, @key{BACKSPACE} or @key{DELETE} which is a short
 distance above the @key{RET} or @key{ENTER} key.  This is the key you
 normally use, outside Emacs, for erasing the last character that you

-typed.  Regardless of the label on that key, Emacs always thinks of it
-as @key{DEL}, and that's what we call it in this manual.
+typed.  Regardless of the label on that key, Emacs thinks of it as
+@key{DEL}, and that's what we call it in this manual.

 
   The @key{DEL} key deletes the character @emph{before} the cursor.
 As a consequence, the cursor and all the characters after it move
 
   The @key{DEL} key deletes the character @emph{before} the cursor.
 As a consequence, the cursor and all the characters after it move


@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ be @key{DEL}, and sets it up that way.  But in some cases, especially
 with text-only terminals, you will need to tell Emacs which key to use
 for that purpose.  If the large key not far above the @key{RET} or
 @key{ENTER} key doesn't delete backwards, you need to do this.
 with text-only terminals, you will need to tell Emacs which key to use
 for that purpose.  If the large key not far above the @key{RET} or
 @key{ENTER} key doesn't delete backwards, you need to do this.

-@xref{DEL Gets Help}, for an explanation of how.
+@xref{DEL Does Not Delete}, for an explanation of how.

 
   Most PC keyboards have both a @key{BACKSPACE} key a short ways above
 @key{RET} or @key{ENTER}, and a @key{DELETE} key elsewhere.  On these
 
   Most PC keyboards have both a @key{BACKSPACE} key a short ways above
 @key{RET} or @key{ENTER}, and a @key{DELETE} key elsewhere.  On these


@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ again try to stick to a fixed horizontal position, as usual.
 
 @vindex track-eol
   If you set the variable @code{track-eol} to a non-@code{nil} value,
 
 @vindex track-eol
   If you set the variable @code{track-eol} to a non-@code{nil} value,

-then @kbd{C-n} and @kbd{C-p} when at the end of the starting line move
+then @kbd{C-n} and @kbd{C-p}, when starting at the end of the line, move

 to the end of another line.  Normally, @code{track-eol} is @code{nil}.
 @xref{Variables}, for how to set variables such as @code{track-eol}.
 
 to the end of another line.  Normally, @code{track-eol} is @code{nil}.
 @xref{Variables}, for how to set variables such as @code{track-eol}.
 


@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ where it was before the command that made the change.
   Consecutive repetitions of @kbd{C-_} or @kbd{C-x u} undo earlier and
 earlier changes, back to the limit of the undo information available.
 If all recorded changes have already been undone, the undo command
   Consecutive repetitions of @kbd{C-_} or @kbd{C-x u} undo earlier and
 earlier changes, back to the limit of the undo information available.
 If all recorded changes have already been undone, the undo command

-prints an error message and does nothing.
+displays an error message and does nothing.

 
   Any command other than an undo command breaks the sequence of undo
 commands.  Starting from that moment, the previous undo commands become
 
   Any command other than an undo command breaks the sequence of undo
 commands.  Starting from that moment, the previous undo commands become


@@ -465,7 +465,6 @@ a description of all the help facilities.  @xref{Help}.@refill
   Here are special commands and techniques for putting in and taking out
 blank lines.
 
   Here are special commands and techniques for putting in and taking out
 blank lines.
 

-@c widecommands

 @table @kbd
 @item C-o
 Insert one or more blank lines after the cursor (@code{open-line}).
 @table @kbd
 @item C-o
 Insert one or more blank lines after the cursor (@code{open-line}).


@@ -507,6 +506,7 @@ nonblank line.
 @cindex continuation line
 @cindex wrapping
 @cindex line wrapping
 @cindex continuation line
 @cindex wrapping
 @cindex line wrapping

+@cindex fringes, and continuation lines

   If you add too many characters to one line without breaking it with
 @key{RET}, the line grows to occupy two (or more) lines on the screen.
 On graphical displays, Emacs indicates line wrapping with small bent
   If you add too many characters to one line without breaking it with
 @key{RET}, the line grows to occupy two (or more) lines on the screen.
 On graphical displays, Emacs indicates line wrapping with small bent


@@ -530,6 +530,7 @@ Auto Fill mode (@pxref{Filling}) if that's what you want.
 
 @vindex truncate-lines
 @cindex truncation
 
 @vindex truncate-lines
 @cindex truncation

+@cindex line truncation, and fringes

   As an alternative to continuation, Emacs can display long lines by
 @dfn{truncation}.  This means that all the characters that do not fit
 in the width of the screen or window do not appear at all.  They
   As an alternative to continuation, Emacs can display long lines by
 @dfn{truncation}.  This means that all the characters that do not fit
 in the width of the screen or window do not appear at all.  They


@@ -569,7 +570,8 @@ Display the number of lines in the current region (@code{count-lines-region}).
 Display the character code of character after point, character position of
 point, and column of point (@code{what-cursor-position}).
 @item M-x hl-line-mode
 Display the character code of character after point, character position of
 point, and column of point (@code{what-cursor-position}).
 @item M-x hl-line-mode

-Enable or disable highlighting of the current line.
+Enable or disable highlighting of the current line.  @xref{Cursor
+Display}.

 @end table
 
 @findex what-page
 @end table
 
 @findex what-page


@@ -591,12 +593,13 @@ is relative to the accessible portion (@pxref{Narrowing}).  By contrast,
 region and the line number relative to the whole buffer.
 
   @kbd{M-x what-page} counts pages from the beginning of the file, and
 region and the line number relative to the whole buffer.
 
   @kbd{M-x what-page} counts pages from the beginning of the file, and

-counts lines within the page, printing both numbers.  @xref{Pages}.
+counts lines within the page, showing both numbers in the echo area.
+@xref{Pages}.

 
 @kindex M-=
 @findex count-lines-region
   While on this subject, we might as well mention @kbd{M-=} (@code{count-lines-region}),
 
 @kindex M-=
 @findex count-lines-region
   While on this subject, we might as well mention @kbd{M-=} (@code{count-lines-region}),

-which prints the number of lines in the region (@pxref{Mark}).
+which displays the number of lines in the region (@pxref{Mark}).

 @xref{Pages}, for the command @kbd{C-x l} which counts the lines in the
 current page.
 
 @xref{Pages}, for the command @kbd{C-x l} which counts the lines in the
 current page.
 


@@ -604,7 +607,7 @@ current page.
 @findex what-cursor-position
   The command @kbd{C-x =} (@code{what-cursor-position}) can be used to find out
 the column that the cursor is in, and other miscellaneous information about
 @findex what-cursor-position
   The command @kbd{C-x =} (@code{what-cursor-position}) can be used to find out
 the column that the cursor is in, and other miscellaneous information about

-point.  It prints a line in the echo area that looks like this:
+point.  It displays a line in the echo area that looks like this:

 
 @smallexample
 Char: c (0143, 99, 0x63)  point=21044 of 26883(78%)  column 53 
 
 @smallexample
 Char: c (0143, 99, 0x63)  point=21044 of 26883(78%)  column 53 


@@ -632,7 +635,7 @@ percentage of the total size.
 columns from the left edge of the window.
 
   If the buffer has been narrowed, making some of the text at the
 columns from the left edge of the window.
 
   If the buffer has been narrowed, making some of the text at the

-beginning and the end temporarily inaccessible, @kbd{C-x =} prints
+beginning and the end temporarily inaccessible, @kbd{C-x =} displays

 additional text describing the currently accessible range.  For example, it
 might display this:
 
 additional text describing the currently accessible range.  For example, it
 might display this:
 


@@ -653,19 +656,29 @@ point.  The output might look like this:
 point=26957 of 26956(100%)  column 0 
 @end smallexample
 
 point=26957 of 26956(100%)  column 0 
 @end smallexample
 

-  @w{@kbd{C-u C-x =}} displays additional information about a character,
-in place of the buffer coordinates and column: the character set name
-and the codes that identify the character within that character set;
-ASCII characters are identified as belonging to the @code{ASCII}
-character set.  In addition, the full character encoding, even if it
-takes more than a single byte, is shown after @samp{ext}.  Here's an
-example for a Latin-1 character A with a grave accent in a buffer whose
-coding system is iso-2022-7bit@footnote{On terminals that support
-Latin-1 characters, the character shown after @samp{Char:} is displayed
-as the actual glyph of A with grave accent.}:
+  @w{@kbd{C-u C-x =}} displays additional information about a
+character, including the character set name and the codes that
+identify the character within that character set; ASCII characters are
+identified as belonging to the @code{ASCII} character set.  It also
+shows the character's syntax, categories, and encodings both
+internally in the buffer and externally if you save the file.  It also
+shows the character's text properties, if any.
+
+  Here's an example showing the Latin-1 character A with grave accent,
+in a buffer whose coding system is @code{iso-2022-7bit} and whose
+terminal coding system is @code{iso-latin-1} (so the terminal actually
+displays the character as @samp{@`A}):

 
 @smallexample
 
 @smallexample

-Char: @`A (04300, 2240, 0x8c0, ext ESC , A @@) (latin-iso8859-1 64)
+    character: @`A (04300, 2240, 0x8c0)
+      charset: latin-iso8859-1
+              (Right-Hand Part of Latin Alphabet 1@dots{}
+   code point: 64
+       syntax: w       which means: word
+     category: l:Latin  
+  buffer code: 0x81 0xC0
+    file code: ESC 2C 41 40 (encoded by coding system iso-2022-7bit)
+terminal code: C0

 @end smallexample
 
 @node Arguments
 @end smallexample
 
 @node Arguments


@@ -690,16 +703,19 @@ act in the opposite direction.
   If your terminal keyboard has a @key{META} key, the easiest way to
 specify a numeric argument is to type digits and/or a minus sign while
 holding down the @key{META} key.  For example,
   If your terminal keyboard has a @key{META} key, the easiest way to
 specify a numeric argument is to type digits and/or a minus sign while
 holding down the @key{META} key.  For example,

+

 @example
 M-5 C-n
 @end example
 @example
 M-5 C-n
 @end example

+

 @noindent
 would move down five lines.  The characters @kbd{Meta-1}, @kbd{Meta-2},
 and so on, as well as @kbd{Meta--}, do this because they are keys bound
 to commands (@code{digit-argument} and @code{negative-argument}) that
 @noindent
 would move down five lines.  The characters @kbd{Meta-1}, @kbd{Meta-2},
 and so on, as well as @kbd{Meta--}, do this because they are keys bound
 to commands (@code{digit-argument} and @code{negative-argument}) that

-are defined to contribute to an argument for the next command.  Digits
-and @kbd{-} modified with Control, or Control and Meta, also specify
-numeric arguments.
+are defined to contribute to an argument for the next command.
+@kbd{Meta--} without digits normally means @minus{}1.  Digits and
+@kbd{-} modified with Control, or Control and Meta, also specify numeric
+arguments.

 
 @kindex C-u
 @findex universal-argument
 
 @kindex C-u
 @findex universal-argument


@@ -759,6 +775,13 @@ the command.
 @section Repeating a Command
 @cindex repeating a command
 
 @section Repeating a Command
 @cindex repeating a command
 

+  Many simple commands, such as those invoked with a single key or
+with @kbd{M-x @var{command-name} @key{RET}}, can be repeated by
+invoking them with a numeric argument that serves as a repeat count
+(@pxref{Arguments}).  However, if the command you want to repeat
+prompts for some input, or uses a numeric argument in another way,
+repetition using a numeric argument might be problematical.
+

 @kindex C-x z
 @findex repeat
   The command @kbd{C-x z} (@code{repeat}) provides another way to repeat
 @kindex C-x z
 @findex repeat
   The command @kbd{C-x z} (@code{repeat}) provides another way to repeat