@c The edition number appears in several places in this file
@set EDITION Fourteenth
-@set EMACSVER 22.0.50
+@set EMACSVER 22.0.51
@copying
This is the @value{EDITION} edition of the @cite{GNU Emacs Manual},
updated for Emacs version @value{EMACSVER}.
-Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
- 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright @copyright{} 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997,
+1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc.
@quotation
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
-under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
Invariant Sections being ``The GNU Manifesto'', ``Distribution'' and
``GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE'', with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU
@c copy of this manual that will be published. the manual should go
@c onto the distribution in the full, 8.5 x 11" size.
-@c @smallbook
+@smallbook
@setchapternewpage odd
@defcodeindex op
Cover art by Etienne Suvasa.
@end titlepage
-@page
+
+
+@summarycontents
+@contents
+
+
@ifnottex
@node Top, Distrib, (dir), (dir)
@top The Emacs Editor
Outline Mode
@TeX{} Mode
Formatted Text
-Fortran Mode
-Fortran Indentation
Shell Command History
The ones for Dired and Rmail have had the items turned into :: items
* Glossary:: The glossary.
* Antinews:: Information about Emacs version 21.
* Mac OS:: Using Emacs in the Mac.
-* MS-DOS:: Using Emacs on MS-DOS (otherwise known as "MS-DOG").
+* Emacs and Microsoft Windows:: Using Emacs on Microsoft Windows.
* Manifesto:: What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!
* Acknowledgments:: Major contributors to GNU Emacs.
* Maintaining:: Features for maintaining large programs.
* Abbrevs:: How to define text abbreviations to reduce
the number of characters you must type.
-* Picture:: Editing pictures made up of characters
- using the quarter-plane screen model.
* Sending Mail:: Sending mail in Emacs.
* Rmail:: Reading mail in Emacs.
* Dired:: You can ``edit'' a directory to manage files in it.
"recursive editing level".
* Emulation:: Emulating some other editors with Emacs.
* Hyperlinking:: Following links in buffers.
+* Thumbnails:: Browsing images using thumbnails.
* Dissociated Press:: Dissociating text for fun.
* Amusements:: Various games and hacks.
* Customization:: Modifying the behavior of Emacs.
* Moving Point:: How to move the cursor to the place where you want to
change something.
* Erasing:: Deleting and killing text.
-* Undo:: Undoing recent changes in the text.
+* Basic Undo:: Undoing recent changes in the text.
* Basic Files:: Visiting, creating, and saving files.
* Basic Help:: Asking what a character does.
* Blank Lines:: Commands to make or delete blank lines.
syntactic units such as words and sentences.
* Graphical Kill:: The kill ring on graphical terminals:
yanking between applications.
+* CUA Bindings:: Using @kbd{C-x}, @kbd{C-c}, @kbd{C-v} for copy
+ and paste, with enhanced rectangle support.
Yanking
Controlling the Display
+* Scrolling:: Moving text up and down in a window.
+* Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving text left and right in a window.
+* Follow Mode:: Follow mode lets two windows scroll as one.
* Faces:: How to change the display style using faces.
* Standard Faces:: Emacs' predefined faces.
* Font Lock:: Minor mode for syntactic highlighting using faces.
-* Highlight Changes:: Using colors to show where you changed the buffer.
* Highlight Interactively:: Tell Emacs what text to highlight.
-* Scrolling:: Moving text up and down in a window.
-* Horizontal Scrolling:: Moving text left and right in a window.
* Fringes:: Enabling or disabling window fringes.
* Useless Whitespace:: Showing possibly-spurious trailing whitespace.
-* Follow Mode:: Follow mode lets two windows scroll as one.
* Selective Display:: Hiding lines with lots of indentation.
* Optional Mode Line:: Optional mode line display features.
* Text Display:: How text characters are normally displayed.
Commands for Fixing Typos
+* Undo:: Full details of Emacs undo commands.
* Kill Errors:: Commands to kill a batch of recently entered text.
* Transpose:: Exchanging two characters, words, lines, lists...
* Fixing Case:: Correcting case of last word entered.
Saving Files
+* Save Commands:: Commands for saving files.
* Backup:: How Emacs saves the old version of your file.
+* Customize Save:: Customizing the saving of files.
* Interlocking:: How Emacs protects against simultaneous editing
of one file by two users.
* File Shadowing:: Copying files to "shadows" automatically.
* Old Versions:: Examining and comparing old versions.
* Secondary VC Commands:: The commands used a little less frequently.
* Branches:: Multiple lines of development.
-* Remote Repositories:: Efficient access to remote CVS servers.
-* Snapshots:: Sets of file versions treated as a unit.
-* Miscellaneous VC:: Various other commands and features of VC.
-* Customizing VC:: Variables that change VC's behavior.
Using Multiple Buffers
* Coding Systems:: Character set conversion when you read and
write files, and so on.
* Recognize Coding:: How Emacs figures out which conversion to use.
-* Specify Coding:: Various ways to choose which conversion to use.
+* Text Coding:: Choosing conversion to use for file text.
+* Communication Coding:: Coding systems for interprocess communication.
+* File Name Coding:: Coding systems for file @emph{names}.
+* Terminal Coding:: Specifying coding systems for converting
+ terminal input and output.
* Fontsets:: Fontsets are collections of fonts
that cover the whole spectrum of characters.
* Defining Fontsets:: Defining a new fontset.
* Undisplayable Characters::When characters don't display.
-* Single-Byte Character Support:: You can pick one European character set
+* Unibyte Mode:: You can pick one European character set
to use without multibyte characters.
* Charsets:: How Emacs groups its internal character codes.
* Misc for Programs:: Other Emacs features useful for editing programs.
* C Modes:: Special commands of C, C++, Objective-C,
Java, and Pike modes.
-* Fortran:: Fortran mode and its special features.
* Asm Mode:: Asm mode and its special features.
Top-Level Definitions, or Defuns
* Other C Commands:: Filling comments, viewing expansion of macros,
and other neat features.
-Fortran Mode
-
-* Fortran Motion:: Moving point by statements or subprograms.
-* Fortran Indent:: Indentation commands for Fortran.
-* Fortran Comments:: Inserting and aligning comments.
-* Fortran Autofill:: Auto fill minor mode for Fortran.
-* Fortran Columns:: Measuring columns for valid Fortran.
-* Fortran Abbrev:: Built-in abbrevs for Fortran keywords.
-
Compiling and Testing Programs
* Compilation:: Compiling programs in languages other
implement a graphical debugging environment through
Emacs.
-Maintaining Programs
+Maintaining Large Programs
* Change Log:: Maintaining a change history for your program.
-@ignore
-* Authors:: Maintaining the Emacs @file{AUTHORS} file.
-@end ignore
+* Format of ChangeLog:: What the change log file looks like.
* Tags:: Go direct to any function in your program in one
command. Tags remembers which file it is in.
-* Emerge:: A convenient way of merging two versions of a program.
Tags Tables
* Tags Search:: Using a tags table for searching and replacing.
* List Tags:: Listing and finding tags defined in a file.
-Merging Files with Emerge
-
-* Overview of Emerge:: How to start Emerge. Basic concepts.
-* Submodes of Emerge:: Fast mode vs. Edit mode.
- Skip Prefers mode and Auto Advance mode.
-* State of Difference:: You do the merge by specifying state A or B
- for each difference.
-* Merge Commands:: Commands for selecting a difference,
- changing states of differences, etc.
-* Exiting Emerge:: What to do when you've finished the merge.
-* Combining in Emerge:: How to keep both alternatives for a difference.
-* Fine Points of Emerge:: Misc.
-
Abbrevs
* Abbrev Concepts:: Fundamentals of defined abbrevs.
* Dynamic Abbrevs:: Abbreviations for words already in the buffer.
* Dabbrev Customization:: What is a word, for dynamic abbrevs. Case handling.
-Editing Pictures
-
-* Basic Picture:: Basic concepts and simple commands of Picture Mode.
-* Insert in Picture:: Controlling direction of cursor motion
- after "self-inserting" characters.
-* Tabs in Picture:: Various features for tab stops and indentation.
-* Rectangles in Picture:: Clearing and superimposing rectangles.
-
Sending Mail
* Mail Format:: Format of the mail being composed.
* Stuck Recursive:: `[...]' in mode line around the parentheses.
* Screen Garbled:: Garbage on the screen.
* Text Garbled:: Garbage in the text.
-* Unasked-for Search:: Spontaneous entry to incremental search.
* Memory Full:: How to cope when you run out of memory.
* After a Crash:: Recovering editing in an Emacs session that crashed.
* Emergency Escape:: Emergency escape---
* LessTif Resources:: X resources for LessTif and Motif menus.
* GTK resources:: Resources for GTK widgets.
-Emacs and the Mac OS
+Emacs and Mac OS
-* Mac Input:: Keyboard input on the Mac.
-* Mac International:: International character sets on the Mac.
+* Mac Input:: Keyboard and mouse input on Mac.
+* Mac International:: International character sets on Mac.
* Mac Environment Variables:: Setting environment variables for Emacs.
-* Mac Directories:: Volumes and directories on the Mac.
-* Mac Font Specs:: Specifying fonts on the Mac.
+* Mac Directories:: Volumes and directories on Mac.
+* Mac Font Specs:: Specifying fonts on Mac.
* Mac Functions:: Mac-specific Lisp functions.
-MS-DOS and Windows 95/98/NT
+Emacs and Microsoft Windows
-* MS-DOS Keyboard:: Keyboard usage on MS-DOS.
-* MS-DOS Mouse:: Mouse usage on MS-DOS.
-* MS-DOS Display:: Fonts, frames and display size on MS-DOS.
-* MS-DOS File Names:: File-name conventions on MS-DOS.
* Text and Binary:: Text files on MS-DOS use CRLF to separate lines.
-* MS-DOS Printing:: How to specify the printer on MS-DOS.
-* MS-DOS and MULE:: Support for internationalization on MS-DOS.
-* MS-DOS Processes:: Running subprocesses on MS-DOS.
* Windows Processes:: Running subprocesses on Windows.
* Windows System Menu:: Controlling what the ALT key does.
@end menu
This manual documents the use and simple customization of the Emacs
editor. The reader is not expected to be a programmer; simple
-customizations do not require programming skill. But the user who is not
+customizations do not require programming skill. The user who is not
interested in customizing can ignore the scattered customization hints.
This is primarily a reference manual, but can also be used as a
substantially the same text and are generated from the same source
files, which are also distributed along with GNU Emacs.
- GNU Emacs is a member of the Emacs editor family. There are many Emacs
-editors, all sharing common principles of organization. For information on
-the underlying philosophy of Emacs and the lessons learned from its
-development, write for a copy of AI memo 519a, @cite{Emacs, the Extensible,
-Customizable Self-Documenting Display Editor}, to Publications Department,
-Artificial Intelligence Lab, 545 Tech Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA@. At
-last report they charge $2.25 per copy. Another useful publication is LCS
-TM-165, @cite{A Cookbook for an Emacs}, by Craig Finseth, available from
-Publications Department, Laboratory for Computer Science, 545 Tech Square,
-Cambridge, MA 02139, USA@. The price today is $3.
-
-This edition of the manual is intended for use with GNU Emacs installed
-on GNU and Unix systems. GNU Emacs can also be used on VMS, MS-DOS
-(also called MS-DOG), Windows NT, and Windows 95 systems. Those systems use
-different file name syntax; in addition, VMS and MS-DOS do not support
-all GNU Emacs features. We don't try to describe VMS usage in this
-manual. @xref{MS-DOS}, for information about using Emacs on MS-DOS.
+ GNU Emacs is a member of the Emacs editor family. There are many
+Emacs editors, all sharing common principles of organization. For
+information on the underlying philosophy of Emacs and the lessons
+learned from its development, see @cite{Emacs, the Extensible,
+Customizable Self-Documenting Display Editor}, available from
+@url{ftp://publications.ai.mit.edu/ai-publications/pdf/AIM-519A.pdf}.
+
+This edition of the manual is intended for use with GNU Emacs
+installed on GNU and Unix systems. GNU Emacs can also be used on VMS,
+MS-DOS (also called MS-DOG), Microsoft Windows, and Macintosh systems.
+Those systems use different file name syntax; in addition, VMS and
+MS-DOS do not support all GNU Emacs features. @xref{Emacs and
+Microsoft Windows}, for information about using Emacs on Windows.
+@xref{Mac OS}, for information about using Emacs on Macintosh. We
+don't try to describe VMS usage in this manual.
@end iftex
@node Distrib, Intro, Top, Top
Emacs Lisp Intro, Preface, eintr, An Introduction to Programming in
Emacs Lisp}, if you want to learn Emacs Lisp programming.
- When run under the X Window System, Emacs provides its own menus and
-convenient bindings to mouse buttons. But Emacs can provide many of the
-benefits of a window system on a text-only terminal. For instance, you
-can look at or edit several files at once, move text between files, and
-edit files while running shell commands.
+ When running on a graphical display, Emacs provides its own menus
+and convenient handling of mouse buttons. But Emacs provides many of
+the benefits of a graphical display even on a text-only terminal. For
+instance, it can highlight parts of a file, display and edit several
+files at once, move text between files, and edit files while running
+shell commands.
@include screen.texi
@include commands.texi
@include building.texi
@include maintaining.texi
@include abbrevs.texi
-@include picture.texi
@include sending.texi
@include rmail.texi
@include dired.texi
@include doclicense.texi
@include cmdargs.texi
+@iftex
+@include xresmini.texi
+@end iftex
+@ifnottex
@include xresources.texi
+@end ifnottex
@include anti.texi
@include macos.texi
@unnumbered Concept Index
@printindex cp
-@summarycontents
-@contents
@bye
@ignore