;;; startup.el --- process Emacs shell arguments
-;; Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1992, 1994, 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+;; Copyright (C) 1985, 86, 92, 94, 95, 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
;; Maintainer: FSF
;; Keywords: internal
;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
-;; the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the
+;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
+;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
;;; Commentary:
(defvar command-line-processed nil "t once command line has been processed")
-(defconst inhibit-startup-message nil
+(defvar inhibit-startup-message nil
"*Non-nil inhibits the initial startup message.
This is for use in your personal init file, once you are familiar
with the contents of the startup message.")
-(defconst inhibit-startup-echo-area-message nil
+(defvar inhibit-startup-echo-area-message nil
"*Non-nil inhibits the initial startup echo area message.
Inhibition takes effect only if your `.emacs' file contains
a line of this form:
Thus, someone else using a copy of your `.emacs' file will see
the startup message unless he personally acts to inhibit it.")
-(defconst inhibit-default-init nil
+(defvar inhibit-default-init nil
"*Non-nil inhibits loading the `default' library.")
-(defconst command-switch-alist nil
+(defvar command-switch-alist nil
"Alist of command-line switches.
Elements look like (SWITCH-STRING . HANDLER-FUNCTION).
HANDLER-FUNCTION receives switch name as sole arg;
"Default directory to use for command line arguments.
This is normally copied from `default-directory' when Emacs starts.")
+;;; This is here, rather than in x-win.el, so that we can ignore these
+;;; options when we are not using X.
+(defvar command-line-x-option-alist
+ '(("-bw" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch border-width)
+ ("-d" 1 x-handle-display)
+ ("-display" 1 x-handle-display)
+ ("-name" 1 x-handle-name-switch)
+ ("-title" 1 x-handle-switch title)
+ ("-T" 1 x-handle-switch title)
+ ("-r" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
+ ("-rv" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
+ ("-reverse" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
+ ("-reverse-video" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
+ ("-fn" 1 x-handle-switch font)
+ ("-font" 1 x-handle-switch font)
+ ("-ib" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch internal-border-width)
+ ("-g" 1 x-handle-geometry)
+ ("-geometry" 1 x-handle-geometry)
+ ("-fg" 1 x-handle-switch foreground-color)
+ ("-foreground" 1 x-handle-switch foreground-color)
+ ("-bg" 1 x-handle-switch background-color)
+ ("-background" 1 x-handle-switch background-color)
+ ("-ms" 1 x-handle-switch mouse-color)
+ ("-itype" 0 x-handle-switch icon-type t)
+ ("-i" 0 x-handle-switch icon-type t)
+ ("-iconic" 0 x-handle-iconic)
+ ("-xrm" 1 x-handle-xrm-switch)
+ ("-cr" 1 x-handle-switch cursor-color)
+ ("-vb" 0 x-handle-switch vertical-scroll-bars t)
+ ("-hb" 0 x-handle-switch horizontal-scroll-bars t)
+ ("-bd" 1 x-handle-switch)
+ ("--border-width" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch border-width)
+ ("--display" 1 x-handle-display)
+ ("--name" 1 x-handle-name-switch)
+ ("--title" 1 x-handle-switch title)
+ ("--reverse-video" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
+ ("--font" 1 x-handle-switch font)
+ ("--internal-border" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch internal-border-width)
+ ("--geometry" 1 x-handle-geometry)
+ ("--foreground-color" 1 x-handle-switch foreground-color)
+ ("--background-color" 1 x-handle-switch background-color)
+ ("--mouse-color" 1 x-handle-switch mouse-color)
+ ("--icon-type" 0 x-handle-switch icon-type t)
+ ("--iconic" 0 x-handle-iconic)
+ ("--xrm" 1 x-handle-xrm-switch)
+ ("--cursor-color" 1 x-handle-switch cursor-color)
+ ("--vertical-scroll-bars" 0 x-handle-switch vertical-scroll-bars t)
+ ("--border-color" 1 x-handle-switch border-width))
+ "Alist of X Windows options.
+Each element has the form
+ (NAME NUMARGS HANDLER FRAME-PARAM VALUE)
+where NAME is the option name string, NUMARGS is the number of arguments
+that the option accepts, HANDLER is a function to call to handle the option.
+FRAME-PARAM (optional) is the frame parameter this option specifies,
+and VALUE is the value which is given to that frame parameter
+\(most options use the argument for this, so VALUE is not present).")
+
(defvar before-init-hook nil
- "Functions to call after handling urgent options but before init files.
-The frame system uses this to open frames to display messages while
-Emacs loads the user's initialization file.")
+ "Normal hook run after handling urgent options but before loading init files.")
(defvar after-init-hook nil
- "Functions to call after loading the init file (`~/.emacs').
-The call is not protected by a condition-case, so you can set `debug-on-error'
-in `.emacs', and put all the actual code on `after-init-hook'.")
+ "Normal hook run after loading the init files, `~/.emacs' and `default.el'.
+There is no `condition-case' around the running of these functions;
+therefore, if you set `debug-on-error' non-nil in `.emacs',
+an error in one of these functions will invoke the debugger.")
+
+(defvar emacs-startup-hook nil
+ "Normal hook run after loading init files and handling the command line.")
(defvar term-setup-hook nil
- "Functions to be called after loading terminal-specific Lisp code.
-See `run-hooks'. This variable exists for users to set,
+ "Normal hook run after loading terminal-specific Lisp code.
+It also follows `emacs-startup-hook'. This hook exists for users to set,
so as to override the definitions made by the terminal-specific file.
Emacs never sets this variable itself.")
Emacs runs this hook after processing the command line arguments and loading
the user's init file.")
-(defconst initial-major-mode 'lisp-interaction-mode
+(defvar initial-major-mode 'lisp-interaction-mode
"Major mode command symbol to use for the initial *scratch* buffer.")
(defvar init-file-user nil
"Identity of user whose `.emacs' file is or was read.
-The value is nil if no init file is being used; otherwise, it may be either
-the null string, meaning that the init file was taken from the user that
-originally logged in, or it may be a string containing a user's name.
+The value is nil if `-q' or `--no-init-file' was specified,
+meaning do not load any init file.
+
+Otherwise, the value may be the null string, meaning use the init file
+for the user that originally logged in, or it may be a
+string containing a user's name meaning use that person's init file.
In either of the latter cases, `(concat \"~\" init-file-user \"/\")'
evaluates to the name of the directory where the `.emacs' file was
"*Name of this machine, for purposes of naming users.")
(defvar user-mail-address nil
- "*Full mailing address of this user.")
-
-(defvar auto-save-list-file-prefix "~/.saves-"
- "Prefix for generating auto-save-list-file-name.
-Emacs's pid and the system name will be appended to
-this prefix to create a unique file name.")
+ "*Full mailing address of this user.
+This is initialized based on `mail-host-address',
+after your init file is read, in case it sets `mail-host-address'.")
+
+(defvar auto-save-list-file-prefix
+ (if (eq system-type 'ms-dos)
+ "~/_s" ; MS-DOS cannot have initial dot, and allows only 8.3 names
+ "~/.saves-")
+ "Prefix for generating `auto-save-list-file-name'.
+This is used after reading your `.emacs' file to initialize
+`auto-save-list-file-name', by appending Emacs's pid and the system name,
+if you have not already set `auto-save-list-file-name' yourself.
+Set this to nil if you want to prevent `auto-save-list-file-name'
+from being initialized.")
(defvar init-file-debug nil)
;; This function is called from the subdirs.el file.
(defun normal-top-level-add-to-load-path (dirs)
- (let ((tail (member default-directory load-path)))
+ (let ((tail (member (directory-file-name default-directory) load-path)))
(setcdr tail (append (mapcar 'expand-file-name dirs) (cdr tail)))))
(defun normal-top-level ()
(setq default-directory (abbreviate-file-name default-directory))
;; Specify the file for recording all the auto save files of this session.
;; This is used by recover-session.
- (setq auto-save-list-file-name
- (expand-file-name
- (format "%s%d-%s"
- auto-save-list-file-prefix
- (emacs-pid)
- (system-name))))
+ (or auto-save-list-file-name
+ (and auto-save-list-file-prefix
+ (setq auto-save-list-file-name
+ ;; Under MS-DOS our PID is almost always reused between
+ ;; Emacs invocations. We need something more unique.
+ (if (eq system-type 'ms-dos)
+ (concat
+ (make-temp-name
+ (expand-file-name auto-save-list-file-prefix))
+ "~")
+
+ (expand-file-name (format "%s%d-%s~"
+ auto-save-list-file-prefix
+ (emacs-pid)
+ (system-name)))))))
(run-hooks 'emacs-startup-hook)
(and term-setup-hook
(run-hooks 'term-setup-hook))
(and window-setup-hook
(run-hooks 'window-setup-hook))
(or menubar-bindings-done
- (if (eq window-system 'x)
+ (if (memq window-system '(x w32))
(precompute-menubar-bindings)))))))
;; Precompute the keyboard equivalents in the menu bar items.
("--debug-init") ("--iconic") ("--icon-type")))
(argi (car args))
(argval nil))
- (if (string-match "=" argi)
+ ;; Handle --OPTION=VALUE format.
+ (if (and (string-match "\\`--" argi)
+ (string-match "=" argi))
(setq argval (substring argi (match-end 0))
argi (substring argi 0 (match-beginning 0))))
- (let ((completion (try-completion argi longopts)))
- (if (eq completion t)
- (setq argi (substring argi 1))
- (if (stringp completion)
- (let ((elt (assoc completion longopts)))
- (or elt
- (error "Option `%s' is ambiguous" argi))
- (setq argi (substring (car elt) 1)))
- (setq argval nil))))
+ (or (equal argi "--")
+ (let ((completion (try-completion argi longopts)))
+ (if (eq completion t)
+ (setq argi (substring argi 1))
+ (if (stringp completion)
+ (let ((elt (assoc completion longopts)))
+ (or elt
+ (error "Option `%s' is ambiguous" argi))
+ (setq argi (substring (car elt) 1)))
+ (setq argval nil)))))
(cond
((or (string-equal argi "-q")
(string-equal argi "-no-init-file"))
(if (fboundp 'frame-initialize)
(frame-initialize))
;; If frame was created with a menu bar, set menu-bar-mode on.
- (if (and (eq window-system 'x)
- (> (cdr (assq 'menu-bar-lines (frame-parameters))) 0))
+ (if (or (not (memq window-system '(x w32)))
+ (> (cdr (assq 'menu-bar-lines (frame-parameters))) 0))
(menu-bar-mode t))
(run-hooks 'before-init-hook)
((eq system-type 'ms-dos)
(concat "~" init-file-user "/_emacs"))
((eq system-type 'windows-nt)
- "~/_emacs")
+ (if (file-exists-p "~/.emacs")
+ "~/.emacs"
+ "~/_emacs"))
((eq system-type 'vax-vms)
"sys$login:.emacs")
(t
(setq window-setup-hook nil)
;; Do this now to avoid an annoying delay if the user
;; clicks the menu bar during the sit-for.
- (if (eq window-system 'x)
+ (if (memq window-system '(x w32))
(precompute-menubar-bindings))
(setq menubar-bindings-done t)
(unwind-protect
(progn
- (insert (emacs-version)
- "
-Copyright (C) 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n\n")
+ ;; The convention for this piece of code is that
+ ;; each piece of output starts with one or two newlines
+ ;; and does not end with any newlines.
+ (insert "Welcome to GNU Emacs")
+ (if (eq system-type 'gnu/linux)
+ (insert ", one component of a Linux-based GNU system."))
+ (insert "\n")
;; If keys have their default meanings,
;; use precomputed string to save lots of time.
(if (and (eq (key-binding "\C-h") 'help-command)
(eq (key-binding "\C-xu") 'advertised-undo)
(eq (key-binding "\C-x\C-c") 'save-buffers-kill-emacs)
(eq (key-binding "\C-ht") 'help-with-tutorial)
- (eq (key-binding "\C-hi") 'info))
- (insert
- "Type C-h for help; C-x u to undo changes. (`C-' means use CTRL key.)
-To kill the Emacs job, type C-x C-c.
-Type C-h t for a tutorial on using Emacs.
-Type C-h i to enter Info, which you can use to read GNU documentation.")
+ (eq (key-binding "\C-hi") 'info)
+ (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-n") 'view-emacs-news))
+ (insert "
+Get help C-h (Hold down CTRL and press h)
+Undo changes C-x u Exit Emacs C-x C-c
+Get a tutorial C-h t Use Info to read docs C-h i")
(insert (substitute-command-keys
- (format "Type %s for help; \\[advertised-undo] to undo changes. (`C-' means use CTRL key.)
-To kill the Emacs job, type \\[save-buffers-kill-emacs].
-Type \\[help-with-tutorial] for a tutorial on using Emacs.
-Type \\[info] to enter Info, which you can use to read GNU documentation."
+ (format "\n
+Get help %s
+Undo changes \\[advertised-undo]
+Exit Emacs \\[save-buffers-kill-emacs]
+Get a tutorial \\[help-with-tutorial]
+Use Info to read docs \\[info]"
(let ((where (where-is-internal
'help-command nil t)))
(if where
(key-description where)
"M-x help"))))))
+ ;; Say how to use the menu bar
+ ;; if that is not with the mouse.
+ (if (not (assq 'display (frame-parameters)))
+ (if (and (eq (key-binding "\M-`") 'tmm-menubar)
+ (eq (key-binding [f10]) 'tmm-menubar))
+ (insert "
+Activate menubar F10 or ESC ` or M-`")
+ (insert (substitute-command-keys "
+Activate menubar \\[tmm-menubar]"))))
;; Windows and MSDOS (currently) do not count as
;; window systems, but do have mouse support.
- (if (or (memq system-type '(msdos windowsnt))
- window-system)
+ (if window-system
(insert "
-C-mouse-3 (third mouse button, with Control) gets a mode-specific menu."))
- (insert "\n")
+Mode-specific menu C-mouse-3 (third button, with CTRL)"))
+ ;; Many users seem to have problems with these.
+ (insert "
+\(`C-' means use the CTRL key. `M-' means use the Meta (or Alt) key.
+If you have no Meta key, you may instead type ESC followed by the character.)")
+ (and auto-save-list-file-prefix
+ (directory-files
+ (file-name-directory auto-save-list-file-prefix)
+ nil
+ (concat "\\`"
+ (regexp-quote (file-name-nondirectory
+ auto-save-list-file-prefix)))
+ t)
+ (insert "\n\nIf an Emacs session crashed recently, "
+ "type M-x recover-session RET\nto recover"
+ " the files you were editing."))
+
+ (insert "\n\n" (emacs-version)
+ "
+Copyright (C) 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.")
(if (and (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-c") 'describe-copying)
(eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-d") 'describe-distribution)
(eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-w") 'describe-no-warranty))
(insert
- "
+ "\n
GNU Emacs comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type C-h C-w for full details.
You may give out copies of Emacs; type C-h C-c to see the conditions.
Type C-h C-d for information on getting the latest version.")
(insert (substitute-command-keys
- "
+ "\n
GNU Emacs comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type \\[describe-no-warranty] for full details.
You may give out copies of Emacs; type \\[describe-copying] to see the conditions.
Type \\[describe-distribution] for information on getting the latest version.")))
-
- (if (directory-files "~/" nil "\\`\\.saves-" t)
- (insert "\n\nIf an Emacs session crashed recently,\n"
- "type M-x recover-session RET to recover"
- " the files you were editing."))
+ (goto-char (point-min))
(set-buffer-modified-p nil)
(sit-for 120))
- (save-excursion
- ;; In case the Emacs server has already selected
- ;; another buffer, erase the one our message is in.
- (set-buffer (get-buffer "*scratch*"))
+ (with-current-buffer (get-buffer "*scratch*")
(erase-buffer)
+ (insert "\
+If you want to create a file, don't type the text in this buffer.
+This buffer is for notes you don't want to save, and for Lisp evaluation.
+If you want to create a file, first visit that file with C-x C-f,
+then enter the text in that file's own buffer.
+
+")
(set-buffer-modified-p nil)))))
;; Delay 2 seconds after the init file error message
;; was displayed, so user can read it.
(let ((dir command-line-default-directory)
(file-count 0)
first-file-buffer
+ tem
+ just-files ;; t if this follows the magic -- option.
+ ;; This includes our standard options' long versions
+ ;; and long versions of what's on command-switch-alist.
+ (longopts
+ (append '(("--funcall") ("--load") ("--insert") ("--kill")
+ ("--directory") ("--eval") ("--find-file") ("--visit"))
+ (mapcar '(lambda (elt)
+ (list (concat "-" (car elt))))
+ command-switch-alist)))
(line 0))
- (while command-line-args-left
+
+ ;; Add the long X options to longopts.
+ (setq tem command-line-x-option-alist)
+ (while tem
+ (if (string-match "^--" (car (car tem)))
+ (setq longopts (cons (list (car (car tem))) longopts)))
+ (setq tem (cdr tem)))
+
+ ;; Loop, processing options.
+ (while (and command-line-args-left)
(let* ((argi (car command-line-args-left))
(orig-argi argi)
- ;; This includes our standard options' long versions
- ;; and long versions of what's on command-switch-alist.
- (longopts
- (append '(("--funcall") ("--load") ("--insert") ("--kill")
- ("--directory") ("--eval"))
- (mapcar '(lambda (elt)
- (list (concat "-" (car elt))))
- command-switch-alist)))
- tem argval completion
+ argval completion
;; List of directories specified in -L/--directory,
;; in reverse of the order specified.
extra-load-path
(initial-load-path load-path))
(setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left))
- ;; Convert long options to ordinary options
- ;; and separate out an attached option argument into argval.
- (if (string-match "^--[^=]*=" argi)
- (setq argval (substring argi (match-end 0))
- argi (substring argi 0 (1- (match-end 0)))))
- (setq completion (try-completion argi longopts))
- (if (eq completion t)
- (setq argi (substring argi 1))
- (if (stringp completion)
- (let ((elt (assoc completion longopts)))
- (or elt
- (error "Option `%s' is ambiguous" argi))
- (setq argi (substring (car elt) 1)))
- (setq argval nil argi orig-argi)))
+ ;; Do preliminary decoding of the option.
+ (if just-files
+ ;; After --, don't look for options; treat all args as files.
+ (setq argi "")
+ ;; Convert long options to ordinary options
+ ;; and separate out an attached option argument into argval.
+ (if (string-match "^--[^=]*=" argi)
+ (setq argval (substring argi (match-end 0))
+ argi (substring argi 0 (1- (match-end 0)))))
+ (if (equal argi "--")
+ (setq completion nil)
+ (setq completion (try-completion argi longopts)))
+ (if (eq completion t)
+ (setq argi (substring argi 1))
+ (if (stringp completion)
+ (let ((elt (assoc completion longopts)))
+ (or elt
+ (error "Option `%s' is ambiguous" argi))
+ (setq argi (substring (car elt) 1)))
+ (setq argval nil argi orig-argi))))
;; Execute the option.
(cond ((setq tem (assoc argi command-switch-alist))
(setq tem argval)
(setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
+ (setq tem (command-line-normalize-file-name tem))
(setq extra-load-path
(cons (expand-file-name tem) extra-load-path))
(setq load-path (append (nreverse extra-load-path)
(setq tem argval)
(setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
- (let ((file tem))
+ (let ((file (command-line-normalize-file-name tem)))
;; Take file from default dir if it exists there;
;; otherwise let `load' search for it.
(if (file-exists-p (expand-file-name file))
command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
(or (stringp tem)
(error "File name omitted from `-insert' option"))
- (insert-file-contents tem))
+ (insert-file-contents (command-line-normalize-file-name tem)))
((string-equal argi "-kill")
(kill-emacs t))
((string-match "^\\+[0-9]+\\'" argi)
(setq line (string-to-int argi)))
+ ((setq tem (assoc argi command-line-x-option-alist))
+ ;; Ignore X-windows options and their args if not using X.
+ (setq command-line-args-left
+ (nthcdr (nth 1 tem) command-line-args-left)))
+ ((or (string-equal argi "-find-file")
+ (string-equal argi "-visit"))
+ ;; An explicit option to specify visiting a file.
+ (setq file-count (1+ file-count))
+ (let ((file
+ (expand-file-name
+ (command-line-normalize-file-name orig-argi)
+ dir)))
+ (if (= file-count 1)
+ (setq first-file-buffer (find-file file))
+ (find-file-other-window file)))
+ (or (zerop line)
+ (goto-line line))
+ (setq line 0))
+ ((equal argi "--")
+ (setq just-files t))
(t
;; We have almost exhausted our options. See if the
;; user has made any other command-line options available
(if (not did-hook)
;; Ok, presume that the argument is a file name
(progn
+ (if (string-match "\\`-" argi)
+ (error "Unknown option `%s'" argi))
(setq file-count (1+ file-count))
- (cond ((= file-count 1)
- (setq first-file-buffer
- (find-file (expand-file-name argi dir))))
- (t
- (find-file-other-window (expand-file-name argi dir))))
+ (let ((file
+ (expand-file-name
+ (command-line-normalize-file-name orig-argi)
+ dir)))
+ (if (= file-count 1)
+ (setq first-file-buffer (find-file file))
+ (find-file-other-window file)))
(or (zerop line)
(goto-line line))
(setq line 0))))))))
;; If 3 or more files visited, and not all visible,
;; show user what they all are.
- (if (> file-count 2)
- (or (get-buffer-window first-file-buffer)
- (progn (other-window 1)
- (buffer-menu)))))))
+ (and (> file-count 2)
+ (not noninteractive)
+ (or (get-buffer-window first-file-buffer)
+ (progn (other-window 1)
+ (buffer-menu)))))))
+
+(defun command-line-normalize-file-name (file)
+ "Collapse multiple slashes to one, to handle non-Emacs file names."
+ (save-match-data
+ ;; Use arg 1 so that we don't collapse // at the start of the file name.
+ ;; That is significant on some systems.
+ ;; However, /// at the beginning is supposed to mean just /, not //.
+ (if (string-match "^///+" file)
+ (setq file (replace-match "/" t t file)))
+ (while (string-match "//+" file 1)
+ (setq file (replace-match "/" t t file)))
+ file))
;;; startup.el ends here