@setchapternewpage odd
@c This is used in many places
-@set VER 21.3
+@set VER 22.1
@copying
-Copyright 2001, 2002, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copyright 1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000 Reuven M. Lerner@*
Copyright 1992,1993 Steven Byrnes@*
Copyright 1990,1991,1992 Joseph Brian Wells@*
the FAQ may not be embedded in a larger literary work unless that work
itself allows free copying and redistribution.
-[This version has been somewhat edited from the last-posted version
-(as of August 1999) for inclusion in the Emacs distribution.]
+[This version has been heavily edited since it was included in the Emacs
+distribution.]
@end quotation
@end copying
The archive is at @uref{ftp://ftp-mailing-list-archives.gnu.org}.
-The archive can be browsed over the web at
+The archive can be browsed over the web at
@uref{http://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/, the GNU mail archive}.
Web-based Usenet search services, such as
@item Postal address
Free Software Foundation@*
-59 Temple Place - Suite 330@*
-Boston, MA 02111-1307@*
+51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor@*
+Boston, MA 02110-1301@*
USA@*
@end table
@cindex Self-paced tutorial, invoking the
@cindex Help system, entering the
-Type @kbd{C-h t} to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing @kbd{C-h}
-enters the help system.
+Type @kbd{C-h t} to invoke the self-paced tutorial. Just typing
+@kbd{C-h} enters the help system. Starting with Emacs 22, the tutorial
+is available in many foreign languages such as French, German, Japanese,
+Russian, etc. Use @kbd{M-x help-with-tutorial-spec-language @key{RET}}
+to choose your language and start the tutorial.
Your system administrator may have changed @kbd{C-h} to act like
@key{DEL} to deal with local keyboards. You can use @kbd{M-x
Emacs help works best if it is invoked by a single key whose value
should be stored in the variable @code{help-char}.
-There is also a WWW-based tutorial for Emacs 18, much of which is also
-relevant for later versions of Emacs, available at
-
-@uref{http://kufacts.cc.ukans.edu/cwis/writeups/misc/emacsguide.html}
-
@node Learning how to do something, Getting a printed manual, Basic editing, Getting help
@section How do I find out how to do something in Emacs?
@cindex Help for Emacs
@cindex Reading the Emacs manual
@item
The complete text of the Emacs manual is available on-line via the Info
-hypertext reader. Type @kbd{C-h i} to invoke Info. Typing @key{h}
-immediately after entering Info will provide a short tutorial on how to
-use it.
+hypertext reader. Type @kbd{C-h r} to display the manual in Info mode.
+Typing @key{h} immediately after entering Info will provide a short
+tutorial on how to use it.
@cindex Lookup a subject in a manual
@cindex Index search in a manual
If you absolutely have to print your own copy, and you don't have @TeX{},
you can get a PostScript version from
-@uref{http://www.gnu.org/manual/emacs/ps/emacs.ps.gz}
+@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.ps.gz}
@cindex HTML version of Emacs manual, obtaining
An HTML version of the manual is at
-@uref{www.gnu.org/manual/emacs/index.html}
+@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/emacs.html}
@xref{Learning how to do something}, for how to view the manual on-line.
Within Emacs, you can type @kbd{C-h f} to get the documentation for a
function, @kbd{C-h v} for a variable.
-For more information, obtain the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual. Details
-on ordering it from FSF are on the
-@uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
-
-The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is also available on-line, in Info
-format. Texinfo source for the manual (along with pregenerated Info
-files) is available at
-
-@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-manual-21-2.6.tar.gz}
+For more information, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available
+on-line, in Info format. @xref{Top, Emacs Lisp,, elisp, The
+Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
-and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU
-distributions}). @xref{Installing Texinfo documentation}, if you want
-to install the Info files, or @ref{Printing a Texinfo file}, if you want
-to use the Texinfo source to print the manual yourself.
+You can also order a hardcopy of the manual, details on ordering it from
+FSF are on the @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html, GNU Web site}.
An HTML version of the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is available at
-@uref{http://www.gnu.org/manual/elisp-manual-21-2.6/elisp.html}
+@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/elisp-manual/elisp.html}
@node Installing Texinfo documentation, Printing a Texinfo file, Emacs Lisp documentation, Getting help
@section How do I install a piece of Texinfo documentation?
using the stand-alone @file{makeinfo} program, available as part of the latest
Texinfo package at
-@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-4.0.tar.gz}
+@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-4.8.tar.gz}
and all mirrors of @samp{ftp.gnu.org} (for a list, @pxref{Current GNU
distributions}).
@table @file
@item COPYING
-Emacs General Public License
+GNU General Public License
@item DISTRIB
Emacs Availability Information, including the popular Free Software
@end table
-Latest versions of the above files also available at
-
-@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/}
-
More GNU information, including back issues of the @cite{GNU's
Bulletin}, are at
administrator, because the most recent FAQ should not expire for a
while.
-@item
-Via HTTP or FTP. You can always fetch the latest FAQ from
-
-@uref{http://www.lerner.co.il/emacs/} and
-
-@uref{ftp://ftp.lerner.co.il/pub/emacs/}
-
@item
In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time
of release has been part of the Emacs distribution as either
@file{etc/FAQ} or @file{man/faq.texi} (@pxref{File-name conventions}).
-@item
-Via the World Wide Web. A hypertext version is available at
-
-@uref{http://www.lerner.co.il/emacs/}
-
@item
Via anonymous ftp and e-mail from @file{rtfm.mit.edu} (and its mirror in
Europe), the main repository for FAQs and other items posted to
For more information, send email to @email{mail-server@@rtfm.mit.edu}
with @samp{help} and @samp{index} in the body on separate lines.
-
-@item
-As the very last resort, you can e-mail a request to
-@email{emacs-faq@@lerner.co.il}. Don't do this unless you have made a
-good-faith effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the methods listed
-above.
-
@end itemize
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
* Latest version of Emacs::
* New in Emacs 20::
* New in Emacs 21::
+* New in Emacs 22::
@end menu
@node Origin of the term Emacs, Latest version of Emacs, Status of Emacs, Status of Emacs
and are now included with the standard distribution.
-@node New in Emacs 21, , New in Emacs 20, Status of Emacs
+@node New in Emacs 21, New in Emacs 22, New in Emacs 20, Status of Emacs
@section What is different about Emacs 21?
@cindex Differences between Emacs 20 and Emacs 21
@cindex Emacs 21, new features in
that you can now have colors when you run Emacs on a GNU/Linux console
and on @code{xterm} with @kbd{emacs -nw}.
+@node New in Emacs 22, , New in Emacs 21, Status of Emacs
+@section What is different about Emacs 22?
+@cindex Differences between Emacs 21 and Emacs 22
+@cindex Emacs 22, new features in
+@cindex Recently introduced features
+
+@c FIXME: Improve this node before the 22.1 release.
+@cindex Default features
+Font-lock mode, auto-compression mode, and file name shadow mode are now
+enabled by default. It is now possible to follow links with
+@kbd{mouse-1}.
+
+@cindex Supported systems
+Emacs 22 features support for GNU/Linux systems on S390 and X86-64
+machines, as well as support for the Mac OS X and Cygwin operating
+systems.
+
+@cindex GTK+ Toolkit
+@cindex Drag-and-drop
+@cindex Mouse wheel
+Emacs can now be built with GTK+ widgets, and supports drag-and-drop
+operation on X. Mouse wheel support is now enabled by default.
+
+@cindex New modes
+Many new modes and packages have been included in Emacs, such as Leim,
+Calc, Tramp and URL, as well as IDO, CUA, rcirc, conf-mode,
+python-mode, table, tumme, SES, ruler, Flymake, Org, etc.
+
+@cindex Documentation
+@cindex Emacs Lisp Manual
+In addition, Emacs 22 now includes the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
+(@pxref{Emacs Lisp documentation}) and the Emacs Lisp Intro.
+
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
@node Common requests, Bugs and problems, Status of Emacs, Top
@chapter Common requests
@email{help-gnu-emacs@@gnu.org} asking why Emacs isn't behaving as
documented.
-Beginning with version 20.1, Emacs includes the new Customize
-facility, which can be invoked using @kbd{M-x customize @key{RET}}.
-This allows users who are unfamiliar with Emacs Lisp to modify their
-@file{.emacs} files in a relatively straightforward way, using menus
-rather than Lisp code. Not all packages support Customize as of this
-writing, but the number is growing fairly steadily.
+Beginning with version 20.1, Emacs includes the new Customize facility,
+which can be invoked using @kbd{M-x customize @key{RET}}. This allows
+users who are unfamiliar with Emacs Lisp to modify their @file{.emacs}
+files in a relatively straightforward way, using menus rather than Lisp
+code. Most packages support Customize as of this writing.
While Customize might indeed make it easier to configure Emacs,
consider taking a bit of time to learn Emacs Lisp and modifying your
The command @kbd{M-x list-colors-display} pops up a window which
exhibits all the colors Emacs knows about on the current display.
-Syntax highlighting is usually turned off by default; see @ref{Turning
-on syntax highlighting}, for instructions how to turn it on.
+Syntax highlighting is on by default since version 22.1.
@node Debugging a customization file, Displaying the current line or column, Colors on a TTY, Common requests
@section How do I debug a @file{.emacs} file?
(setq abbrev-mode t)))
@end lisp
+Starting with Emacs 22, the standard abbrevs file is read automatically
+at startup, so the first of these two forms becomes unnecessary.
+
@node Turning on auto-fill by default, Associating modes with files, Turning on abbrevs by default, Common requests
@section How do I turn on @code{auto-fill-mode} by default?
@cindex @code{auto-fill-mode}, activating automatically
Similarly, for replacing, the variable @code{case-replace} determines
whether replacements preserve case.
+You can also toggle case sensitivity at will in isearch with @kbd{M-c}.
+
To change the case sensitivity just for one major mode, use the major
mode's hook. For example:
(if (@var{some conditions are met}) (server-start))
@end lisp
-When this is done, Emacs creates a Unix domain socket.
-The socket is either named @file{.emacs_server}, in the user's home directory,
-or @file{esrv-@var{userid}-@var{systemname}}, in the @file{/tmp}
-directory, depending on your system. See @code{server-socket-name}.
+When this is done, Emacs creates a Unix domain socket named
+@file{server} in @file{/tmp/emacs@var{userid}}. See
+@code{server-socket-dir}.
To get your news reader, mail reader, etc., to invoke
@samp{emacsclient}, try setting the environment variable @code{EDITOR}
@item
Normal use:
-When @samp{emacsclient} is run, it connects to the @file{.emacs_server}
-socket and passes its command line options to @samp{server}. When
-@samp{server} receives these requests, it sends this information to the
-the Emacs process, which at the next opportunity will visit the files
-specified. (Line numbers can be specified just like with Emacs.) The
-user will have to switch to the Emacs window by hand. When the user is
-done editing a file, the user can type @kbd{C-x #} (or @kbd{M-x
-server-edit}) to indicate this. If there is another buffer requested by
-@code{emacsclient}, Emacs will switch to it; otherwise
+When @samp{emacsclient} is run, it connects to the socket and passes its
+command line options to Emacs, which at the next opportunity will visit
+the files specified. (Line numbers can be specified just like with
+Emacs.) The user will have to switch to the Emacs window by hand. When
+the user is done editing a file, the user can type @kbd{C-x #} (or
+@kbd{M-x server-edit}) to indicate this. If there is another buffer
+requested by @code{emacsclient}, Emacs will switch to it; otherwise
@code{emacsclient} will exit, signaling the calling program to continue.
-@samp{emacsclient} and @samp{server} must be running on machines which
-share the same filesystem for this to work. The pathnames that
-@samp{emacsclient} specifies should be correct for the filesystem that
-the Emacs process sees. The Emacs process should not be suspended at
-the time @samp{emacsclient} is invoked. On Unix and GNU/Linux systems,
-@samp{emacsclient} should either be invoked from another X window, or
-from a shell window inside Emacs itself, or from another interactive
-session, e.g., by means of a @code{screen} program.
-
@cindex @code{gnuserv}
-There is an enhanced version of @samp{emacsclient}/server called
+There is an enhanced version of @samp{emacsclient} called
@samp{gnuserv}, written by @email{ange@@hplb.hpl.hp.com, Andy Norman}
(@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). @samp{gnuserv} uses
Internet domain sockets, so it can work across most network connections.
-It also supports the execution of arbitrary Emacs Lisp forms and does
-not require the client program to wait for completion.
-
-The alpha version of an enhanced @samp{gnuserv} is available at
-@uref{ftp://ftp.wellfleet.com/netman/psmith/emacs/gnuserv-2.1alpha.tar.gz}
+The most recent @samp{gnuserv} package is available at
-The version available from @uref{http://meltin.net/hacks/emacs/} is
-more recent, and has been tested with Emacs 21.2.
+@uref{http://meltin.net/hacks/emacs/}
@end itemize
@cindex Regexps for recognizing compiler errors
@cindex Errors, recognizing compiler
-The variable @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} helps control how
-Emacs parses your compiler output. It is a list of triplets of the form:
-@code{(@var{regexp} @var{file-idx} @var{line-idx})}, where @var{regexp},
-@var{file-idx} and @var{line-idx} are strings. To help determine what
-the constituent elements should be, load @file{compile.el} and then type
-@kbd{C-h v compilation-error-regexp-alist @key{RET}} to see the current
-value. A good idea is to look at @file{compile.el} itself as the
-comments included for this variable are quite useful---the regular
-expressions required for your compiler's output may be very close to one
-already provided. Once you have determined the proper regexps, use the
-following to inform Emacs of your changes:
-
-@lisp
-(setq compilation-error-regexp-alist
- (cons '(@var{regexp} @var{file-idx} @var{line-idx})
- compilation-error-regexp-alist))
-@end lisp
+Customize the @code{compilation-error-regexp-alist} variable.
@node Indenting switch statements, Customizing C and C++ indentation, Compiler error messages, Common requests
@section How do I change the indentation for @code{switch}?
spacing of four instead of two.
The @emph{real} solution is to use @code{cc-mode} (the default mode for
-C programming in Emacs 20 and later) and add the following line to yoyr
+C programming in Emacs 20 and later) and add the following line to your
@file{.emacs}:
@lisp
@cindex Pairs of parentheses, highlighting
@cindex Matching parentheses
-As of version 19, Emacs comes with @file{paren.el}, which (when loaded)
-will automatically highlight matching parentheses whenever point (i.e.,
-the cursor) is located over one. To load @file{paren.el} automatically,
-include the line
-
-@lisp
-(require 'paren)
-@end lisp
-
-in your @file{.emacs} file. @email{shutkoa@@ugsolutions.com, Alan Shutko}
-reports that as of version 20.1, you must also call @code{show-paren-mode} in
-your @file{.emacs} file:
+Call @code{show-paren-mode} in your @file{.emacs} file:
@lisp
(show-paren-mode 1)
@end lisp
-Customize will let you turn on @code{show-paren-mode}. Use @kbd{M-x
-customize-group @key{RET} paren-showing @key{RET}}. From within
-Customize, you can also go directly to the ``paren-showing'' group.
+You can also enable this mode by selecting the @samp{Paren Match
+Highlighting} option from the @samp{Options} menu of the Emacs menu bar
+at the top of any Emacs frame.
-Alternatives to paren include:
+Alternatives to this mode include:
@itemize @bullet
Any messages your command prints in the echo area will be suppressed.
If you need to repeat a command a small number of times, you can use
-@kbd{C-x z}, see @ref{Repeating commands}.
+@kbd{C-x z} (@pxref{Repeating commands}) or @kbd{C-x e}.
@node Forcing the cursor to remain in the same column, Forcing Emacs to iconify itself, Repeating a command as many times as possible, Common requests
@section How do I make Emacs behave like this: when I go up or down, the cursor should stay in the same column even if the line is too short?
@cindex Unix regeps, differences from Emacs
@cindex Text strings, putting regexps in
-@inforef{Regexps, Regexps, emacs}.
+@inforef{Regexp Backslash, Regexp Backslash, emacs}.
The @code{or} operator is @samp{\|}, not @samp{|}, and the grouping operators
are @samp{\(} and @samp{\)}. Also, the string syntax for a backslash is
error messages, inserts them into a special buffer called
@code{*compilation*}, and lets you visit the locus of each message in
the source. Type @kbd{C-x `} to step through the offending lines one by
-one. Click @kbd{Mouse-2} or press @key{RET} on a message text in the
+one (starting with Emacs 22, you can also use @kbd{M-g M-p} and
+@kbd{M-g M-n} to go to the previous and next matches directly). Click
+@kbd{Mouse-2} or press @key{RET} on a message text in the
@code{*compilation*} buffer to go to the line whose number is mentioned
in that message.
-But if you indeed need to go to a certain text line, type @kbd{M-x
-goto-line @key{RET}}. Emacs will prompt you for the number of the line
-and go to that line.
+But if you indeed need to go to a certain text line, type @kbd{M-g M-g}
+(which is the default binding of the @code{goto-line} function starting
+with Emacs 22). Emacs will prompt you for the number of the line and go
+to that line.
You can do this faster by invoking @code{goto-line} with a numeric
-argument that is the line's number. For example, @kbd{C-u 286 M-x
-goto-line @key{RET}} will jump to line number 286 in the current
-buffer.
-
-If you need to use this command frequently, you might consider binding
-it to a key. The following snippet, if added to your @file{~/.emacs}
-file, will bind the sequence @kbd{C-x g} to @code{goto-line}:
-
-@lisp
- (global-set-key "\C-xg" 'goto-line)
-@end lisp
-
+argument that is the line's number. For example, @kbd{C-u 286 M-g M-g}
+will jump to line number 286 in the current buffer.
@node Modifying pull-down menus, Deleting menus and menu options, Going to a line by number, Common requests
@section How can I create or modify new pull-down menu options?
@cindex FAQ, @code{font-lock-mode}
@code{font-lock-mode} is the standard way to have Emacs perform syntax
-highlighting in the current buffer. With @code{font-lock-mode} turned
-on, different types of text will appear in different colors. For
-instance, if you turn on @code{font-lock-mode} in a programming mode,
+highlighting in the current buffer. It is enabled by default in Emacs
+22.1 and later.
+
+With @code{font-lock-mode} turned on, different types of text will
+appear in different colors. For instance, in a programming mode,
variables will appear in one face, keywords in a second, and comments in
a third.
hilit19 is now considered non-standard, although @file{hilit19.el} comes
with the stock Emacs distribution. It is no longer maintained.
-To turn @code{font-lock-mode} on within an existing buffer, use @kbd{M-x
-font-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
+To turn @code{font-lock-mode} off within an existing buffer, use
+@kbd{M-x font-lock-mode @key{RET}}.
-To automatically invoke @code{font-lock-mode} when a particular major
-mode is invoked, set the major mode's hook. For example, to fontify all
-@code{c-mode} buffers, add the following to your @file{.emacs} file:
-
-@lisp
-(add-hook 'c-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)
-@end lisp
-
-To automatically invoke @code{font-lock-mode} for all major modes, you
-can turn on @code{global-font-lock-mode} by including the following line
-in your @file{.emacs} file:
+In Emacs 21 and earlier versions, you could use the following code in
+your @file{.emacs} file to turn on @code{font-lock-mode} globally:
@lisp
(global-font-lock-mode 1)
@end lisp
-@noindent
-This instructs Emacs to turn on font-lock mode in those buffers for
-which a font-lock mode definition has been provided (in the variable
-@code{font-lock-global-modes}). If you edit a file in
-@code{pie-ala-mode}, and no font-lock definitions have been provided for
-@code{pie-ala} files, then the above setting will have no effect on that
-particular buffer.
-
Highlighting a buffer with @code{font-lock-mode} can take quite a while,
and cause an annoying delay in display, so several features exist to
work around this.
@code{font-lock-maximum-decoration} with @kbd{C-h v} (or @kbd{M-x
describe-variable @key{RET}}).
-@cindex Lazy font-lock
-You might also want to investigate @code{fast-lock-mode} and
-@code{lazy-lock-mode}, versions of @code{font-lock-mode} that speed up
-highlighting. These are the alternatives for @code{jit-lock-mode} in
-versions of Emacs before 21.1. The advantage of @code{lazy-lock-mode}
-is that it only fontifies buffers when certain conditions are met, such
-as after a certain amount of idle time, or after you have finished
-scrolling through text. See the documentation for @code{lazy-lock-mode}
-by typing @kbd{C-h f @code{lazy-lock-mode}} (@kbd{M-x describe-function
-@key{RET} lazy-lock-mode @key{RET}}).
-
Also see the documentation for the function @code{font-lock-mode},
available by typing @kbd{C-h f font-lock-mode} (@kbd{M-x
describe-function @key{RET} font-lock-mode @key{RET}}).
-For more information on font-lock mode, take a look at the
-@code{font-lock-mode} FAQ, maintained by
-@email{jari.aalto@@ntc.nokia.com, Jari Aalto} at
-
-@uref{ftp://cs.uta.fi/pub/ssjaaa/ema-font.gui}
-
To print buffers with the faces (i.e., colors and fonts) intact, use
@kbd{M-x ps-print-buffer-with-faces} or @kbd{M-x
ps-print-region-with-faces}. You will need a way to send text to a
@cindex Scrolling only one line
@cindex Reducing the increment when scrolling
-Place the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file:
+Customize the @code{scroll-conservatively} variable with @kbd{M-x
+customize-variable @key{RET} scroll-conservatively @key{RET}} and set it
+to a large value like, say, 10000. For an explanation of what this
+means, @inforef{Scrolling, Scrolling, emacs}.
+
+Alternatively, use the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs}:
@lisp
-(setq scroll-step 1)
+(setq scroll-conservatively most-positive-fixnum)
@end lisp
-@inforef{Scrolling, Scrolling, emacs}.
-
@node Replacing highlighted text, Editing MS-DOS files, Scrolling only one line, Common requests
@section How can I replace highlighted text with what I type?
@cindex @code{delete-selection-mode}
placing the following Lisp form in your @file{.emacs} file:
@lisp
-(delete-selection-mode t)
+(delete-selection-mode 1)
@end lisp
According to the documentation string for @code{delete-selection-mode}
default, a backslash (@samp{\}) will appear in the mode line.
If you are running a version of Emacs before 20.1, get @code{crypt++}
-(@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Among other things,
+(@pxref{Packages that do not come with Emacs}). Among other things,
@code{crypt++} transparently modifies MS-DOS files as they are loaded
and saved, allowing you to ignore the different conventions that Unix
and MS-DOS have for delineating the end of a line.
@cindex Single space following periods
@cindex Periods, one space following
-@email{ulm@@vsnhd1.cern.ch, Ulrich Mueller} suggests adding the
-following two lines to your @file{.emacs} file:
+Add the following line to your @file{.emacs} file:
@lisp
-(setq sentence-end "[.?!][]\"')@}]*\\($\\|[ \t]\\)[ \t\n]*")
(setq sentence-end-double-space nil)
@end lisp
@cindex Files, maximum size
Old versions (i.e., anything before 19.29) of Emacs had problems editing
-files larger than 8 megabytes. As of version 19.29, the maximum buffer
-size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes, or 132 MBytes. Emacs 20
-can be compiled on some 64-bit systems in a way that enlarges the buffer
-size up to 576,460,752,303,423,487 bytes, or 549,755,813 GBytes.
-
-If you are using a version of Emacs older than 19.29 and cannot upgrade,
-you will have to recompile. @email{lnz@@lucid.com, Leonard N. Zubkoff}
-suggests putting the following two lines in @file{src/config.h} before
-compiling Emacs to allow for 26-bit integers and pointers (and thus file
-sizes of up to 33,554,431 bytes):
-
-@example
-#define VALBITS 26
-#define GCTYPEBITS 5
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-This method may result in ``ILLEGAL DATATYPE'' and other random errors on
-some machines.
-
-@email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, David Gillespie} explains how this
-problems crops up; while his numbers are true only for pre-19.29
-versions of Emacs, the theory remains the same with current versions.
-
-@quotation
-Emacs is largely written in a dialect of Lisp; Lisp is a freely-typed
-language in the sense that you can put any value of any type into any
-variable, or return it from a function, and so on. So each value
-must carry a @dfn{tag} along with it identifying what kind of thing it
-is, e.g., integer, pointer to a list, pointer to an editing buffer, and
-so on. Emacs uses standard 32-bit integers for data objects, taking the
-top 8 bits for the tag and the bottom 24 bits for the value. So
-integers (and pointers) are somewhat restricted compared to true C
-integers and pointers.
-@end quotation
+files larger than 8 megabytes. In versions 19.29 and later, the maximum
+buffer size is at least 2^27-1, or 134,217,727 bytes, or 132 MBytes.
+And in Emacs 22, the maximum buffer size has been increased to
+268,435,455 bytes (or 256 MBytes) on 32-bit machines.
@node ^M in the shell buffer, Shell process exits abnormally, Problems with very large files, Bugs and problems
@section How do I get rid of @samp{^M} or echoed commands in my shell buffer?
(add-hook 'comint-output-filter-functions 'shell-strip-ctrl-m)
@end smalllisp
-On a related note: If your shell is echoing your input line in the shell
-buffer, you might want to try the following command in your shell
-start-up file:
+On a related note: if your shell is echoing your input line in the shell
+buffer, you might want to customize the @code{comint-process-echoes}
+variable in your shell buffers, or try the following command in your
+shell start-up file:
@example
stty -icrnl -onlcr -echo susp ^Z
be done by setting the locale. See your OS manual for more information.
The second approach involves changing the regular expression used by
-dired, @code{dired-move-to-filename-regexp}.
+dired, @code{directory-listing-before-filename-regexp}.
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
@node Compiling and installing Emacs, Finding Emacs and related packages, Bugs and problems, Top
@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-@value{VER}.tar.gz}
The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For
-instance, when Emacs 21.42 is released, it will most probably be
+instance, when Emacs 22.42 is released, it will most probably be
available as
-@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-21.42.tar.gz}
+@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/emacs-22.42.tar.gz}
Again, you should use one of the GNU mirror sites (see @ref{Current GNU
distributions}, and adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on
* Emacs for Apple computers::
* Emacs for VMS and DECwindows::
* Modes for various languages::
-* Translating names to IP addresses::
@end menu
@node Finding Emacs on the Internet, Finding a package with particular functionality, Finding Emacs and related packages, Finding Emacs and related packages
List (ELL)}, maintained by @email{stephen@@anc.ed.ac.uk, Stephen Eglen},
aims to provide one compact list with links to all of the current Emacs
Lisp files on the internet. The ELL can be browsed over the web, or
-from Emacs with @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.el,
+from Emacs with @uref{http://www.anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.el,
the @file{ell} package}.
Many authors post their packages to the @uref{news:gnu.emacs.sources,
lack certain features, such as the Emacs Lisp extension language.
@node Emacs for Windows, Emacs for OS/2, Emacs for MS-DOS, Finding Emacs and related packages
-@section Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows
+@section Where can I get Emacs for Microsoft Windows?
@cindex FAQ for NT Emacs
@cindex Emacs for MS-Windows
@cindex Microsoft Windows, Emacs for
Emacs distribution; see the files @file{mac/README} and
@file{mac/INSTALL} in the Emacs distribution for build instructions.
-Apple's ``OS X'' is based largely on NeXTSTEP and OpenStep.
-@xref{Emacs for NeXTSTEP}, for more details about that version.
+Beginning with version 22.1, Emacs supports Mac OS X natively.
@node Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Modes for various languages, Emacs for Apple computers, Finding Emacs and related packages
@section Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows?
Up-to-date information about GNU software (including Emacs) for VMS is
available at @uref{http://vms.gnu.org/}.
-@node Modes for various languages, Translating names to IP addresses, Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Finding Emacs and related packages
+@node Modes for various languages, , Emacs for VMS and DECwindows, Finding Emacs and related packages
@section Where can I get modes for Lex, Yacc/Bison, Bourne shell, csh, C@t{++}, Objective-C, Pascal, Java, and Awk?
@cindex Awk, mode for
@cindex @code{awk-mode}
Most of these modes are now available in standard Emacs distribution.
To get additional modes, see @ref{Finding a package with particular
-functionality}.
+functionality}.
Barry Warsaw's @code{cc-mode} now works for C, C@t{++}, Objective-C, and
Java code. It is distributed with Emacs, but has
@uref{http://cc-mode.sourceforge.net/, its own homepage}.
-@node Translating names to IP addresses, , Modes for various languages, Finding Emacs and related packages
-@section What is the IP address of XXX.YYY.ZZZ?
-@cindex Translating names to IP addresses
-@cindex IP addresses from names
-@cindex Using BIND to translate addresses
-@cindex DNS and IP addresses
-
-If you are on a Unix machine, try using the @samp{nslookup} command,
-included in the Berkeley BIND package. For example, to find the IP
-address of @samp{ftp.gnu.org}, you would type @code{nslookup
-ftp.gnu.org}.
-
-Your computer should then provide the IP address of that machine.
-
-If your site's nameserver is deficient, you can use IP addresses to FTP
-files. You can get this information by e-mail:
-
-@example
-To: dns@@[134.214.84.25] (to grasp.insa-lyon.fr)
-Body: ip XXX.YYY.ZZZ (or "help" for more information
- and options - no quotes)
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-or:
-
-@example
-To: resolve@@[147.31.254.130] (to laverne.cs.widener.edu)
-Body: site XXX.YYY.ZZZ
-@end example
-
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
@node Major packages and programs, Key bindings, Finding Emacs and related packages, Top
@chapter Major packages and programs
@email{daveg@@csvax.cs.caltech.edu, Dave Gillespie}
@item Latest version
-2.02g (part of Emacs since version 21.4)
+2.1 (part of Emacs since version 22.1)
@item Distribution
No separate distribution outside of Emacs. Older versions
AUC@TeX{} is a set of sophisticated major modes for @TeX{}, LaTeX,
ConTeXt, and Texinfo offering context-sensitive syntax highlighting,
indentation, formatting and folding, macro completion, @TeX{} shell
-functionality, and debugging. Some important supplemental packages are
-described in @ref{Introduction, RefTeX, Introduction, reftex, Ref@TeX{}
-User Manual}, and
-@uref{http://preview-latex.sourceforge.net,preview-latex}.
+functionality, and debugging. Be also sure to check out
+@ref{Introduction, RefTeX, Introduction, reftex, Ref@TeX{} User Manual}.
+Current versions of AUC@TeX{} include the
+@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/preview-latex,preview-latex}
+package for WYSIWYG previews of various LaTeX constructs in the Emacs
+source buffer.
@table @b
@email{dak@@gnu.org, David Kastrup}
@item Latest version
-11.52
+11.82
@item Distribution
@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/auctex/}
@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/}
@item Mailing list:
-Subscription requests to @email{auc-tex-subscribe@@sunsite.dk}@*
-Submissions to @email{auc-tex@@sunsite.dk}
+Subscription requests to @email{auctex-request@@gnu.org}@*
+Submissions to @email{auctex@@gnu.org}
@end table
* Binding combinations of modifiers and function keys::
* Meta key does not work in xterm::
* ExtendChar key does not work as Meta::
+* SPC no longer completes file names::
@end menu
@node Binding keys to commands, Invalid prefix characters, Key bindings, Key bindings
@inforef{Key Bindings, Key Bindings, emacs}, for further details.
-To make the process of binding keys interactively eaiser, use the
+To make the process of binding keys interactively easier, use the
following ``trick'': First bind the key interactively, then immediately
type @kbd{C-x @key{ESC} @key{ESC} C-a C-k C-g}. Now, the command needed
to bind the key is in the kill ring, and can be yanked into your
@cindex Keys, swapping
@cindex @code{keyboard-translate}
-In Emacs 19, you can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the
-@code{keyboard-translate} function. For example, to turn @kbd{C-h} into
-@key{DEL} and @key{DEL} to @kbd{C-h}, use
+You can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the
+@code{keyboard-translate} function. For example, to turn @kbd{C-h}
+into @key{DEL} and @key{DEL} to @kbd{C-h}, use
@lisp
(keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) ; translate `C-h' to DEL
produced by the keyboard; the second, what is matched for in the
keymaps.
+However, in the specific case of @kbd{C-h} and @key{DEL}, you should
+toggle @code{normal-erase-is-backspace-mode} instead of calling
+@code{keyboard-translate}. @inforef{DEL Does Not Delete, DEL Does Not Delete,
+emacs}.
+
Keyboard translations are not the same as key bindings in keymaps.
Emacs contains numerous keymaps that apply in different situations, but
there is only one set of keyboard translations, and it applies to every
looked up in keymaps contain the characters that result from keyboard
translation.
-@inforef{Keyboard Translations, Keyboard Translations, emacs}.
-
@node Producing C-XXX with the keyboard, No Meta key, Swapping keys, Key bindings
@section How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard?
@cindex Producing control characters
@end itemize
-@node ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, , Meta key does not work in xterm, Key bindings
+@node ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, SPC no longer completes file names, Meta key does not work in xterm, Key bindings
@section Why doesn't my @key{ExtendChar} key work as a @key{Meta} key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x?
@cindex @key{ExtendChar} key as @key{Meta}
@cindex @key{Meta}, using @key{ExtendChar} for
This will disable the use of the extra keysyms systemwide, which may be
undesirable if you actually intend to use them.
+@node SPC no longer completes file names, , ExtendChar key does not work as Meta, Key bindings
+@section Why doesn't SPC complete file names anymore?
+@cindex @kbd{SPC} file name completion
+
+Starting with Emacs 22.1, @kbd{SPC} no longer completes file names in
+the minibuffer, so that file names with embedded spaces could be typed
+without the need to quote the spaces.
+
+You can get the old behavior by binding @kbd{SPC} to
+@code{minibuffer-complete-word} in the minibuffer, as follows:
+
+@lisp
+(define-key minibuffer-local-filename-completion-map (kbd "SPC")
+ 'minibuffer-complete-word)
+
+(define-key minibuffer-local-must-match-filename-map (kbd "SPC")
+ 'minibuffer-complete-word)
+@end lisp
+
@c ------------------------------------------------------------
@node Alternate character sets, Mail and news, Key bindings, Top
@chapter Alternate character sets
@cindex Mail packages and MIME
@cindex FAQ for MIME and Emacs
-Read the Emacs MIME FAQ, maintained by @email{trey@@cs.berkeley.edu,
-MacDonald Hall Jackson} at
-
-@uref{http://bmrc.berkeley.edu/~trey/emacs/mime.html}
-
Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. @xref{VM}. Gnus supports MIME in mail
and news messages as of version 5.8.1 (Pterodactyl). Rmail has limited
support for single-part MIME messages beginning with Emacs 20.3.