]> code.delx.au - gnu-emacs/blobdiff - lisp/progmodes/cperl-mode.el
(cperl-compilation-error-regexp-alist): Remove duplicate defvar
[gnu-emacs] / lisp / progmodes / cperl-mode.el
index ad44753f352dcbb87300b22730e2dab0f61b5c72..3badfed5d4f0d9cd1bd5a6edc518402a505e33c2 100644 (file)
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 ;;; cperl-mode.el --- Perl code editing commands for Emacs
 
 ;; Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997,
 ;;; cperl-mode.el --- Perl code editing commands for Emacs
 
 ;; Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997,
-;; 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
+;; 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007
 ;;     Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 ;; Author: Ilya Zakharevich and Bob Olson
 ;;     Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 ;; Author: Ilya Zakharevich and Bob Olson
-;; Maintainer: Ilya Zakharevich <cperl@ilyaz.org>
+;; Maintainer: Ilya Zakharevich <ilyaz@cpan.org>
 ;; Keywords: languages, Perl
 
 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
 
 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 ;; Keywords: languages, Perl
 
 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
 
 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
 ;; any later version.
 
 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 ;; any later version.
 
 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
 ;; Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
 
 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
 ;; Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
 
-;;; Corrections made by Ilya Zakharevich cperl@ilyaz.org
+;;; Corrections made by Ilya Zakharevich ilyaz@cpan.org
 
 ;;; Commentary:
 
 
 ;;; Commentary:
 
 ;; likewise with m, tr, y, q, qX instead of s
 
 ;;; Code:
 ;; likewise with m, tr, y, q, qX instead of s
 
 ;;; Code:
-
+\f
 (defvar vc-rcs-header)
 (defvar vc-sccs-header)
 
 (defvar vc-rcs-header)
 (defvar vc-sccs-header)
 
-;; Some macros are needed for `defcustom'
 (eval-when-compile
 (eval-when-compile
-  (condition-case nil
-      (require 'man)
-    (error nil))
-  (defconst cperl-xemacs-p (string-match "XEmacs\\|Lucid" emacs-version))
-  (defvar cperl-can-font-lock
-    (or cperl-xemacs-p
-       (and (boundp 'emacs-major-version)
-               (or window-system
-                   (> emacs-major-version 20)))))
-  (if cperl-can-font-lock
-      (require 'font-lock))
-  (defvar msb-menu-cond)
-  (defvar gud-perldb-history)
-  (defvar font-lock-background-mode)   ; not in Emacs
-  (defvar font-lock-display-type)      ; ditto
-  (defmacro cperl-is-face (arg)                ; Takes quoted arg
-    (cond ((fboundp 'find-face)
-          `(find-face ,arg))
-         (;;(and (fboundp 'face-list)
-          ;;   (face-list))
-          (fboundp 'face-list)
-          `(member ,arg (and (fboundp 'face-list)
-                             (face-list))))
-         (t
-          `(boundp ,arg))))
-  (defmacro cperl-make-face (arg descr) ; Takes unquoted arg
-    (cond ((fboundp 'make-face)
-          `(make-face (quote ,arg)))
-         (t
-          `(defvar ,arg (quote ,arg) ,descr))))
-  (defmacro cperl-force-face (arg descr) ; Takes unquoted arg
-    `(progn
-       (or (cperl-is-face (quote ,arg))
-          (cperl-make-face ,arg ,descr))
-       (or (boundp (quote ,arg))       ; We use unquoted variants too
-          (defvar ,arg (quote ,arg) ,descr))))
-  (if cperl-xemacs-p
-      (defmacro cperl-etags-snarf-tag (file line)
-       `(progn
-          (beginning-of-line 2)
-          (list ,file ,line)))
-    (defmacro cperl-etags-snarf-tag (file line)
-      `(etags-snarf-tag)))
-  (if cperl-xemacs-p
-      (defmacro cperl-etags-goto-tag-location (elt)
-       ;;(progn
-       ;; (switch-to-buffer (get-file-buffer (elt (, elt) 0)))
-       ;; (set-buffer (get-file-buffer (elt (, elt) 0)))
-       ;; Probably will not work due to some save-excursion???
-       ;; Or save-file-position?
-       ;; (message "Did I get to line %s?" (elt (, elt) 1))
-       `(goto-line (string-to-number (elt ,elt 1))))
-    ;;)
-    (defmacro cperl-etags-goto-tag-location (elt)
-      `(etags-goto-tag-location ,elt))))
+      (condition-case nil
+         (require 'custom)
+       (error nil))
+      (condition-case nil
+         (require 'man)
+       (error nil))
+      (defconst cperl-xemacs-p (string-match "XEmacs\\|Lucid" emacs-version))
+      (defvar cperl-can-font-lock
+       (or cperl-xemacs-p
+           (and (boundp 'emacs-major-version)
+                (or window-system
+                    (> emacs-major-version 20)))))
+      (if cperl-can-font-lock
+         (require 'font-lock))
+      (defvar msb-menu-cond)
+      (defvar gud-perldb-history)
+      (defvar font-lock-background-mode) ; not in Emacs
+      (defvar font-lock-display-type)  ; ditto
+      (defvar paren-backwards-message) ; Not in newer XEmacs?
+      (or (fboundp 'defgroup)
+         (defmacro defgroup (name val doc &rest arr)
+           nil))
+      (or (fboundp 'custom-declare-variable)
+         (defmacro defcustom (name val doc &rest arr)
+           (` (defvar (, name) (, val) (, doc)))))
+      (or (and (fboundp 'custom-declare-variable)
+              (string< "19.31" emacs-version)) ;  Checked with 19.30: defface does not work
+         (defmacro defface (&rest arr)
+           nil))
+      ;; Avoid warning (tmp definitions)
+      (or (fboundp 'x-color-defined-p)
+         (defmacro x-color-defined-p (col)
+           (cond ((fboundp 'color-defined-p) (` (color-defined-p (, col))))
+                 ;; XEmacs >= 19.12
+                 ((fboundp 'valid-color-name-p) (` (valid-color-name-p (, col))))
+                 ;; XEmacs 19.11
+                 ((fboundp 'x-valid-color-name-p) (` (x-valid-color-name-p (, col))))
+                 (t '(error "Cannot implement color-defined-p")))))
+      (defmacro cperl-is-face (arg)    ; Takes quoted arg
+       (cond ((fboundp 'find-face)
+              (` (find-face (, arg))))
+             (;;(and (fboundp 'face-list)
+              ;;       (face-list))
+              (fboundp 'face-list)
+              (` (member (, arg) (and (fboundp 'face-list)
+                                      (face-list)))))
+             (t
+              (` (boundp (, arg))))))
+      (defmacro cperl-make-face (arg descr) ; Takes unquoted arg
+       (cond ((fboundp 'make-face)
+              (` (make-face (quote (, arg)))))
+             (t
+              (` (defvar (, arg) (quote (, arg)) (, descr))))))
+      (defmacro cperl-force-face (arg descr) ; Takes unquoted arg
+       (` (progn
+            (or (cperl-is-face (quote (, arg)))
+                (cperl-make-face (, arg) (, descr)))
+            (or (boundp (quote (, arg))) ; We use unquoted variants too
+                (defvar (, arg) (quote (, arg)) (, descr))))))
+      (if cperl-xemacs-p
+         (defmacro cperl-etags-snarf-tag (file line)
+           (` (progn
+                (beginning-of-line 2)
+                (list (, file) (, line)))))
+       (defmacro cperl-etags-snarf-tag (file line)
+         (` (etags-snarf-tag))))
+      (if cperl-xemacs-p
+         (defmacro cperl-etags-goto-tag-location (elt)
+           (`;;(progn
+            ;; (switch-to-buffer (get-file-buffer (elt (, elt) 0)))
+            ;; (set-buffer (get-file-buffer (elt (, elt) 0)))
+            ;; Probably will not work due to some save-excursion???
+            ;; Or save-file-position?
+            ;; (message "Did I get to line %s?" (elt (, elt) 1))
+            (goto-line (string-to-int (elt (, elt) 1)))))
+       ;;)
+       (defmacro cperl-etags-goto-tag-location (elt)
+         (` (etags-goto-tag-location (, elt))))))
 
 (defconst cperl-xemacs-p (string-match "XEmacs\\|Lucid" emacs-version))
 
 
 (defconst cperl-xemacs-p (string-match "XEmacs\\|Lucid" emacs-version))
 
@@ -211,6 +233,7 @@ for constructs with multiline if/unless/while/until/for/foreach condition."
   "*Indentation of CPerl statements with respect to containing block."
   :type 'integer
   :group 'cperl-indentation-details)
   "*Indentation of CPerl statements with respect to containing block."
   :type 'integer
   :group 'cperl-indentation-details)
+(put 'cperl-indent-level 'safe-local-variable 'integerp)
 
 (defcustom cperl-lineup-step nil
   "*`cperl-lineup' will always lineup at multiple of this number.
 
 (defcustom cperl-lineup-step nil
   "*`cperl-lineup' will always lineup at multiple of this number.
@@ -251,6 +274,12 @@ This is in addition to cperl-continued-statement-offset."
   :type 'integer
   :group 'cperl-indentation-details)
 
   :type 'integer
   :group 'cperl-indentation-details)
 
+(defcustom cperl-indent-wrt-brace t
+  "*Non-nil means indent statements in if/etc block relative brace, not if/etc.
+Versions 5.2 ... 5.20 behaved as if this were `nil'."
+  :type 'boolean
+  :group 'cperl-indentation-details)
+
 (defcustom cperl-auto-newline nil
   "*Non-nil means automatically newline before and after braces,
 and after colons and semicolons, inserted in CPerl code.  The following
 (defcustom cperl-auto-newline nil
   "*Non-nil means automatically newline before and after braces,
 and after colons and semicolons, inserted in CPerl code.  The following
@@ -324,7 +353,15 @@ Can be overwritten by `cperl-hairy' if nil."
 
 (defcustom cperl-electric-keywords nil
   "*Not-nil (and non-null) means keywords are electric in CPerl.
 
 (defcustom cperl-electric-keywords nil
   "*Not-nil (and non-null) means keywords are electric in CPerl.
-Can be overwritten by `cperl-hairy' if nil."
+Can be overwritten by `cperl-hairy' if nil.
+
+Uses `abbrev-mode' to do the expansion.  If you want to use your
+own abbrevs in cperl-mode, but do not want keywords to be
+electric, you must redefine `cperl-mode-abbrev-table': do
+\\[edit-abbrevs], search for `cperl-mode-abbrev-table', and, in
+that paragraph, delete the words that appear at the ends of lines and
+that begin with \"cperl-electric\".
+"
   :type '(choice (const null) boolean)
   :group 'cperl-affected-by-hairy)
 
   :type '(choice (const null) boolean)
   :group 'cperl-affected-by-hairy)
 
@@ -347,20 +384,26 @@ Affects: `cperl-font-lock', `cperl-electric-lbrace-space',
   :type 'integer
   :group 'cperl-indentation-details)
 
   :type 'integer
   :group 'cperl-indentation-details)
 
-(defvar cperl-vc-header-alist nil)
-(make-obsolete-variable
- 'cperl-vc-header-alist
"use cperl-vc-rcs-header or cperl-vc-sccs-header instead.")
+(defcustom cperl-indent-comment-at-column-0 nil
+  "*Non-nil means that comment started at column 0 should be indentable."
+  :type 'boolean
 :group 'cperl-indentation-details)
 
 (defcustom cperl-vc-sccs-header '("($sccs) = ('%W\%' =~ /(\\d+(\\.\\d+)+)/) ;")
   "*Special version of `vc-sccs-header' that is used in CPerl mode buffers."
   :type '(repeat string)
   :group 'cperl)
 
 
 (defcustom cperl-vc-sccs-header '("($sccs) = ('%W\%' =~ /(\\d+(\\.\\d+)+)/) ;")
   "*Special version of `vc-sccs-header' that is used in CPerl mode buffers."
   :type '(repeat string)
   :group 'cperl)
 
-(defcustom cperl-vc-rcs-header '("($rcs) = (' $Id\$ ' =~ /(\\d+(\\.\\d+)+)/) ;")
+(defcustom cperl-vc-rcs-header '("($rcs) = (' $Id\$ ' =~ /(\\d+(\\.\\d+)+)/);")
   "*Special version of `vc-rcs-header' that is used in CPerl mode buffers."
   :type '(repeat string)
   "*Special version of `vc-rcs-header' that is used in CPerl mode buffers."
   :type '(repeat string)
-  :group 'cperl)
+     :group 'cperl)
+
+;; This became obsolete...
+(defvar cperl-vc-header-alist nil)
+(make-obsolete-variable
+ 'cperl-vc-header-alist
+ "use cperl-vc-rcs-header or cperl-vc-sccs-header instead.")
 
 (defcustom cperl-clobber-mode-lists
   (not
 
 (defcustom cperl-clobber-mode-lists
   (not
@@ -408,6 +451,9 @@ Font for POD headers."
   :type 'face
   :group 'cperl-faces)
 
   :type 'face
   :group 'cperl-faces)
 
+;;; Some double-evaluation happened with font-locks...  Needed with 21.2...
+(defvar cperl-singly-quote-face cperl-xemacs-p)
+
 (defcustom cperl-invalid-face 'underline
   "*Face for highlighting trailing whitespace."
   :type 'face
 (defcustom cperl-invalid-face 'underline
   "*Face for highlighting trailing whitespace."
   :type 'face
@@ -441,7 +487,14 @@ You can always make lookup from menu or using \\[cperl-find-pods-heres]."
 
 (defcustom cperl-regexp-scan t
   "*Not-nil means make marking of regular expression more thorough.
 
 (defcustom cperl-regexp-scan t
   "*Not-nil means make marking of regular expression more thorough.
-Effective only with `cperl-pod-here-scan'.  Not implemented yet."
+Effective only with `cperl-pod-here-scan'."
+  :type 'boolean
+  :group 'cperl-speed)
+
+(defcustom cperl-hook-after-change t
+  "*Not-nil means install hook to know which regions of buffer are changed.
+May significantly speed up delayed fontification.  Changes take effect
+after reload."
   :type 'boolean
   :group 'cperl-speed)
 
   :type 'boolean
   :group 'cperl-speed)
 
@@ -564,17 +617,25 @@ when syntaxifying a chunk of buffer."
   :type 'boolean
   :group 'cperl-speed)
 
   :type 'boolean
   :group 'cperl-speed)
 
+(defcustom cperl-syntaxify-for-menu
+  t
+  "*Non-nil means that CPerl syntaxifies up to the point before showing menu.
+This way enabling/disabling of menu items is more correct."
+  :type 'boolean
+  :group 'cperl-speed)
+
 (defcustom cperl-ps-print-face-properties
   '((font-lock-keyword-face            nil nil         bold shadow)
     (font-lock-variable-name-face      nil nil         bold)
     (font-lock-function-name-face      nil nil         bold italic box)
     (font-lock-constant-face           nil "LightGray" bold)
 (defcustom cperl-ps-print-face-properties
   '((font-lock-keyword-face            nil nil         bold shadow)
     (font-lock-variable-name-face      nil nil         bold)
     (font-lock-function-name-face      nil nil         bold italic box)
     (font-lock-constant-face           nil "LightGray" bold)
-    (cperl-array                       nil "LightGray" bold underline)
-    (cperl-hash                                nil "LightGray" bold italic underline)
+    (cperl-array-face                  nil "LightGray" bold underline)
+    (cperl-hash-face                           nil "LightGray" bold italic underline)
     (font-lock-comment-face            nil "LightGray" italic)
     (font-lock-string-face             nil nil         italic underline)
     (font-lock-comment-face            nil "LightGray" italic)
     (font-lock-string-face             nil nil         italic underline)
-    (cperl-nonoverridable              nil nil         italic underline)
+    (cperl-nonoverridable-face         nil nil         italic underline)
     (font-lock-type-face               nil nil         underline)
     (font-lock-type-face               nil nil         underline)
+    (font-lock-warning-face            nil "LightGray" bold italic box)
     (underline                         nil "LightGray" strikeout))
   "List given as an argument to `ps-extend-face-list' in `cperl-ps-print'."
   :type '(repeat (cons symbol
     (underline                         nil "LightGray" strikeout))
   "List given as an argument to `ps-extend-face-list' in `cperl-ps-print'."
   :type '(repeat (cons symbol
@@ -588,7 +649,7 @@ when syntaxifying a chunk of buffer."
 (defvar cperl-dark-foreground
   (cperl-choose-color "orchid1" "orange"))
 
 (defvar cperl-dark-foreground
   (cperl-choose-color "orchid1" "orange"))
 
-(defface cperl-nonoverridable
+(defface cperl-nonoverridable-face
   `((((class grayscale) (background light))
      (:background "Gray90" :slant italic :underline t))
     (((class grayscale) (background dark))
   `((((class grayscale) (background light))
      (:background "Gray90" :slant italic :underline t))
     (((class grayscale) (background dark))
@@ -600,10 +661,8 @@ when syntaxifying a chunk of buffer."
     (t (:weight bold :underline t)))
   "Font Lock mode face used non-overridable keywords and modifiers of regexps."
   :group 'cperl-faces)
     (t (:weight bold :underline t)))
   "Font Lock mode face used non-overridable keywords and modifiers of regexps."
   :group 'cperl-faces)
-;; backward-compatibility alias
-(put 'cperl-nonoverridable-face 'face-alias 'cperl-nonoverridable)
 
 
-(defface cperl-array
+(defface cperl-array-face
   `((((class grayscale) (background light))
      (:background "Gray90" :weight bold))
     (((class grayscale) (background dark))
   `((((class grayscale) (background light))
      (:background "Gray90" :weight bold))
     (((class grayscale) (background dark))
@@ -615,10 +674,8 @@ when syntaxifying a chunk of buffer."
     (t (:weight bold)))
   "Font Lock mode face used to highlight array names."
   :group 'cperl-faces)
     (t (:weight bold)))
   "Font Lock mode face used to highlight array names."
   :group 'cperl-faces)
-;; backward-compatibility alias
-(put 'cperl-array-face 'face-alias 'cperl-array)
 
 
-(defface cperl-hash
+(defface cperl-hash-face
   `((((class grayscale) (background light))
      (:background "Gray90" :weight bold :slant italic))
     (((class grayscale) (background dark))
   `((((class grayscale) (background light))
      (:background "Gray90" :weight bold :slant italic))
     (((class grayscale) (background dark))
@@ -630,8 +687,6 @@ when syntaxifying a chunk of buffer."
     (t (:weight bold :slant italic)))
   "Font Lock mode face used to highlight hash names."
   :group 'cperl-faces)
     (t (:weight bold :slant italic)))
   "Font Lock mode face used to highlight hash names."
   :group 'cperl-faces)
-;; backward-compatibility alias
-(put 'cperl-hash-face 'face-alias 'cperl-hash)
 
 \f
 
 
 \f
 
@@ -639,9 +694,7 @@ when syntaxifying a chunk of buffer."
 
 (defvar cperl-tips 'please-ignore-this-line
   "Get maybe newer version of this package from
 
 (defvar cperl-tips 'please-ignore-this-line
   "Get maybe newer version of this package from
-  ftp://ftp.math.ohio-state.edu/pub/users/ilya/emacs
-and/or
-  ftp://ftp.math.ohio-state.edu/pub/users/ilya/perl
+  http://ilyaz.org/software/emacs
 Subdirectory `cperl-mode' may contain yet newer development releases and/or
 patches to related files.
 
 Subdirectory `cperl-mode' may contain yet newer development releases and/or
 patches to related files.
 
@@ -666,9 +719,9 @@ want it to: put the following into your .emacs file:
   (defalias 'perl-mode 'cperl-mode)
 
 Get perl5-info from
   (defalias 'perl-mode 'cperl-mode)
 
 Get perl5-info from
-  $CPAN/doc/manual/info/perl-info.tar.gz
-older version was on
-  http://www.metronet.com:70/9/perlinfo/perl5/manual/perl5-info.tar.gz
+  $CPAN/doc/manual/info/perl5-old/perl5-info.tar.gz
+Also, one can generate a newer documentation running `pod2texi' converter
+  $CPAN/doc/manual/info/perl5/pod2texi-0.1.tar.gz
 
 If you use imenu-go, run imenu on perl5-info buffer (you can do it
 from Perl menu).  If many files are related, generate TAGS files from
 
 If you use imenu-go, run imenu on perl5-info buffer (you can do it
 from Perl menu).  If many files are related, generate TAGS files from
@@ -700,11 +753,18 @@ micro-docs on what I know about CPerl problems.")
   "Description of problems in CPerl mode.
 Some faces will not be shown on some versions of Emacs unless you
 install choose-color.el, available from
   "Description of problems in CPerl mode.
 Some faces will not be shown on some versions of Emacs unless you
 install choose-color.el, available from
-   ftp://ftp.math.ohio-state.edu/pub/users/ilya/emacs/
+  http://ilyaz.org/software/emacs
 
 `fill-paragraph' on a comment may leave the point behind the
 
 `fill-paragraph' on a comment may leave the point behind the
-paragraph.  Parsing of lines with several <<EOF is not implemented
-yet.
+paragraph.  It also triggers a bug in some versions of Emacs (CPerl tries
+to detect it and bulk out).
+
+See documentation of a variable `cperl-problems-old-emaxen' for the
+problems which disappear if you upgrade Emacs to a reasonably new
+version (20.3 for Emacs, and those of 2004 for XEmacs).")
+
+(defvar cperl-problems-old-emaxen 'please-ignore-this-line
+  "Description of problems in CPerl mode specific for older Emacs versions.
 
 Emacs had a _very_ restricted syntax parsing engine until version
 20.1.  Most problems below are corrected starting from this version of
 
 Emacs had a _very_ restricted syntax parsing engine until version
 20.1.  Most problems below are corrected starting from this version of
@@ -812,6 +872,13 @@ voice);
        o) Highlights trailing whitespace;
        p) Is able to manipulate Perl Regular Expressions to ease
           conversion to a more readable form.
        o) Highlights trailing whitespace;
        p) Is able to manipulate Perl Regular Expressions to ease
           conversion to a more readable form.
+        q) Can ispell POD sections and HERE-DOCs.
+       r) Understands comments and character classes inside regular
+          expressions; can find matching () and [] in a regular expression.
+       s) Allows indentation of //x-style regular expressions;
+       t) Highlights different symbols in regular expressions according
+          to their function; much less problems with backslashitis;
+       u) Allows to find regular expressions which contain interpolated parts.
 
 5) The indentation engine was very smart, but most of tricks may be
 not needed anymore with the support for `syntax-table' property.  Has
 
 5) The indentation engine was very smart, but most of tricks may be
 not needed anymore with the support for `syntax-table' property.  Has
@@ -829,7 +896,10 @@ the settings present before the switch.
 line-breaks/spacing between elements of the construct.
 
 10) Uses a linear-time algorith for indentation of regions (on Emaxen with
 line-breaks/spacing between elements of the construct.
 
 10) Uses a linear-time algorith for indentation of regions (on Emaxen with
-capable syntax engines).")
+capable syntax engines).
+
+11) Syntax-highlight, indentation, sexp-recognition inside regular expressions.
+")
 
 (defvar cperl-speed 'please-ignore-this-line
   "This is an incomplete compendium of what is available in other parts
 
 (defvar cperl-speed 'please-ignore-this-line
   "This is an incomplete compendium of what is available in other parts
@@ -878,19 +948,19 @@ B) Speed of editing operations.
 (defvar cperl-tips-faces 'please-ignore-this-line
   "CPerl mode uses following faces for highlighting:
 
 (defvar cperl-tips-faces 'please-ignore-this-line
   "CPerl mode uses following faces for highlighting:
 
-  `cperl-array'                        Array names
-  `cperl-hash'                 Hash names
+  `cperl-array-face'                   Array names
+  `cperl-hash-face'                    Hash names
   `font-lock-comment-face'     Comments, PODs and whatever is considered
                                syntaxically to be not code
   `font-lock-constant-face'    HERE-doc delimiters, labels, delimiters of
                                2-arg operators s/y/tr/ or of RExen,
   `font-lock-comment-face'     Comments, PODs and whatever is considered
                                syntaxically to be not code
   `font-lock-constant-face'    HERE-doc delimiters, labels, delimiters of
                                2-arg operators s/y/tr/ or of RExen,
-  `font-lock-function-name-face' Special-cased m// and s//foo/, _ as
-                               a target of a file tests, file tests,
+  `font-lock-warning-face'     Special-cased m// and s//foo/,
+  `font-lock-function-name-face' _ as a target of a file tests, file tests,
                                subroutine names at the moment of definition
                                (except those conflicting with Perl operators),
                                package names (when recognized), format names
   `font-lock-keyword-face'     Control flow switch constructs, declarators
                                subroutine names at the moment of definition
                                (except those conflicting with Perl operators),
                                package names (when recognized), format names
   `font-lock-keyword-face'     Control flow switch constructs, declarators
-  `cperl-nonoverridable'       Non-overridable keywords, modifiers of RExen
+  `cperl-nonoverridable-face'  Non-overridable keywords, modifiers of RExen
   `font-lock-string-face'      Strings, qw() constructs, RExen, POD sections,
                                literal parts and the terminator of formats
                                and whatever is syntaxically considered
   `font-lock-string-face'      Strings, qw() constructs, RExen, POD sections,
                                literal parts and the terminator of formats
                                and whatever is syntaxically considered
@@ -908,7 +978,25 @@ m// and s/// which do not do what one would expect them to do.
 Help with best setup of these faces for printout requested (for each of
 the faces: please specify bold, italic, underline, shadow and box.)
 
 Help with best setup of these faces for printout requested (for each of
 the faces: please specify bold, italic, underline, shadow and box.)
 
-\(Not finished.)")
+In regular expressions (except character classes):
+  `font-lock-string-face'      \"Normal\" stuff and non-0-length constructs
+  `font-lock-constant-face':   Delimiters
+  `font-lock-warning-face'     Special-cased m// and s//foo/,
+                               Mismatched closing delimiters, parens
+                               we couldn't match, misplaced quantifiers,
+                               unrecognized escape sequences
+  `cperl-nonoverridable-face'  Modifiers, as gism in m/REx/gism
+  `font-lock-type-face'                POSIX classes inside charclasses,
+                               escape sequences with arguments (\x \23 \p \N)
+                               and others match-a-char escape sequences
+  `font-lock-keyword-face'     Capturing parens, and |
+  `font-lock-function-name-face' Special symbols: $ ^ . [ ] [^ ] (?{ }) (??{ })
+  `font-lock-builtin-face'     \"Remaining\" 0-length constructs, executable
+                               parts of a REx, not-capturing parens
+  `font-lock-variable-name-face' Interpolated constructs, embedded code
+  `font-lock-comment-face'     Embedded comments
+
+")
 
 \f
 
 
 \f
 
@@ -985,6 +1073,25 @@ the faces: please specify bold, italic, underline, shadow and box.)
    (cperl-hairy (or hairy t))
    (t (symbol-value symbol))))
 \f
    (cperl-hairy (or hairy t))
    (t (symbol-value symbol))))
 \f
+
+(defun cperl-make-indent (column &optional minimum keep)
+  "Makes indent of the current line the requested amount.
+Unless KEEP, removes the old indentation.  Works around a bug in ancient
+versions of Emacs."
+  (let ((prop (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type)))
+    (or keep
+       (delete-horizontal-space))
+    (indent-to column minimum)
+    ;; In old versions (e.g., 19.33) `indent-to' would not inherit properties
+    (and prop
+        (> (current-column) 0)
+        (save-excursion
+          (beginning-of-line)
+          (or (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type)
+              (and (looking-at "\\=[ \t]")
+                     (put-text-property (point) (match-end 0)
+                                        'syntax-type prop)))))))
+
 ;;; Probably it is too late to set these guys already, but it can help later:
 
 ;;;(and cperl-clobber-mode-lists
 ;;; Probably it is too late to set these guys already, but it can help later:
 
 ;;;(and cperl-clobber-mode-lists
@@ -1035,7 +1142,16 @@ the faces: please specify bold, italic, underline, shadow and box.)
   (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-w" 'cperl-toggle-construct-fix)
   (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-f" 'auto-fill-mode)
   (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-e" 'cperl-toggle-electric)
   (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-w" 'cperl-toggle-construct-fix)
   (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-f" 'auto-fill-mode)
   (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-e" 'cperl-toggle-electric)
+  (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-b" 'cperl-find-bad-style)
+  (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-p" 'cperl-pod-spell)
+  (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-d" 'cperl-here-doc-spell)
+  (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-n" 'cperl-narrow-to-here-doc)
+  (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-v" 'cperl-next-interpolated-REx)
+  (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-x" 'cperl-next-interpolated-REx-0)
+  (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-y" 'cperl-next-interpolated-REx-1)
   (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-ha" 'cperl-toggle-autohelp)
   (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-ha" 'cperl-toggle-autohelp)
+  (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-hp" 'cperl-perldoc)
+  (cperl-define-key "\C-c\C-hP" 'cperl-perldoc-at-point)
   (cperl-define-key "\e\C-q" 'cperl-indent-exp) ; Usually not bound
   (cperl-define-key [?\C-\M-\|] 'cperl-lineup
                    [(control meta |)])
   (cperl-define-key "\e\C-q" 'cperl-indent-exp) ; Usually not bound
   (cperl-define-key [?\C-\M-\|] 'cperl-lineup
                    [(control meta |)])
@@ -1074,9 +1190,13 @@ the faces: please specify bold, italic, underline, shadow and box.)
           (<= emacs-minor-version 11) (<= emacs-major-version 19))
       (progn
        ;; substitute-key-definition is usefulness-deenhanced...
           (<= emacs-minor-version 11) (<= emacs-major-version 19))
       (progn
        ;; substitute-key-definition is usefulness-deenhanced...
-       (cperl-define-key "\M-q" 'cperl-fill-paragraph)
+       ;;;;;(cperl-define-key "\M-q" 'cperl-fill-paragraph)
        (cperl-define-key "\e;" 'cperl-indent-for-comment)
        (cperl-define-key "\e\C-\\" 'cperl-indent-region))
        (cperl-define-key "\e;" 'cperl-indent-for-comment)
        (cperl-define-key "\e\C-\\" 'cperl-indent-region))
+    (or (boundp 'fill-paragraph-function)
+       (substitute-key-definition
+        'fill-paragraph 'cperl-fill-paragraph
+        cperl-mode-map global-map))
     (substitute-key-definition
      'indent-sexp 'cperl-indent-exp
      cperl-mode-map global-map)
     (substitute-key-definition
      'indent-sexp 'cperl-indent-exp
      cperl-mode-map global-map)
@@ -1094,52 +1214,101 @@ the faces: please specify bold, italic, underline, shadow and box.)
     (progn
       (require 'easymenu)
       (easy-menu-define
     (progn
       (require 'easymenu)
       (easy-menu-define
-       cperl-menu cperl-mode-map "Menu for CPerl mode"
-       '("Perl"
-         ["Beginning of function" beginning-of-defun t]
-         ["End of function" end-of-defun t]
-         ["Mark function" mark-defun t]
-         ["Indent expression" cperl-indent-exp t]
+       cperl-menu cperl-mode-map "Menu for CPerl mode"
+       '("Perl"
+        ["Beginning of function" beginning-of-defun t]
+        ["End of function" end-of-defun t]
+        ["Mark function" mark-defun t]
+        ["Indent expression" cperl-indent-exp t]
          ["Fill paragraph/comment" fill-paragraph t]
          ["Fill paragraph/comment" fill-paragraph t]
+        "----"
+        ["Line up a construction" cperl-lineup (cperl-use-region-p)]
+        ["Invert if/unless/while etc" cperl-invert-if-unless t]
+        ("Regexp"
+         ["Beautify" cperl-beautify-regexp
+          cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property]
+         ["Beautify one level deep" (cperl-beautify-regexp 1)
+          cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property]
+         ["Beautify a group" cperl-beautify-level
+          cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property]
+         ["Beautify a group one level deep" (cperl-beautify-level 1)
+          cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property]
+         ["Contract a group" cperl-contract-level
+          cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property]
+         ["Contract groups" cperl-contract-levels
+          cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property]
          "----"
          "----"
-         ["Line up a construction" cperl-lineup (cperl-use-region-p)]
-         ["Invert if/unless/while etc" cperl-invert-if-unless t]
-         ("Regexp"
-          ["Beautify" cperl-beautify-regexp
-           cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property]
-          ["Beautify one level deep" (cperl-beautify-regexp 1)
-           cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property]
-          ["Beautify a group" cperl-beautify-level
-           cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property]
-          ["Beautify a group one level deep" (cperl-beautify-level 1)
-           cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property]
-          ["Contract a group" cperl-contract-level
-           cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property]
-          ["Contract groups" cperl-contract-levels
-           cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property])
-         ["Refresh \"hard\" constructions" cperl-find-pods-heres t]
+         ["Find next interpolated" cperl-next-interpolated-REx 
+          (next-single-property-change (point-min) 'REx-interpolated)]
+         ["Find next interpolated (no //o)"
+          cperl-next-interpolated-REx-0
+          (or (text-property-any (point-min) (point-max) 'REx-interpolated t)
+              (text-property-any (point-min) (point-max) 'REx-interpolated 1))]
+         ["Find next interpolated (neither //o nor whole-REx)"
+          cperl-next-interpolated-REx-1
+          (text-property-any (point-min) (point-max) 'REx-interpolated t)])
+        ["Insert spaces if needed to fix style" cperl-find-bad-style t]
+        ["Refresh \"hard\" constructions" cperl-find-pods-heres t]
+        "----"
+        ["Indent region" cperl-indent-region (cperl-use-region-p)]
+        ["Comment region" cperl-comment-region (cperl-use-region-p)]
+        ["Uncomment region" cperl-uncomment-region (cperl-use-region-p)]
+        "----"
+        ["Run" mode-compile (fboundp 'mode-compile)]
+        ["Kill" mode-compile-kill (and (fboundp 'mode-compile-kill)
+                                       (get-buffer "*compilation*"))]
+        ["Next error" next-error (get-buffer "*compilation*")]
+        ["Check syntax" cperl-check-syntax (fboundp 'mode-compile)]
+        "----"
+        ["Debugger" cperl-db t]
+        "----"
+        ("Tools"
+         ["Imenu" imenu (fboundp 'imenu)]
+         ["Imenu on Perl Info" cperl-imenu-on-info (featurep 'imenu)]
          "----"
          "----"
-         ["Indent region" cperl-indent-region (cperl-use-region-p)]
-         ["Comment region" cperl-comment-region (cperl-use-region-p)]
-         ["Uncomment region" cperl-uncomment-region (cperl-use-region-p)]
+         ["Ispell PODs" cperl-pod-spell
+          ;; Better not to update syntaxification here:
+          ;; debugging syntaxificatio can be broken by this???
+          (or
+           (get-text-property (point-min) 'in-pod)
+           (< (progn
+                (and cperl-syntaxify-for-menu
+                     (cperl-update-syntaxification (point-max) (point-max)))
+                (next-single-property-change (point-min) 'in-pod nil (point-max)))
+              (point-max)))]
+         ["Ispell HERE-DOCs" cperl-here-doc-spell
+          (< (progn
+               (and cperl-syntaxify-for-menu
+                    (cperl-update-syntaxification (point-max) (point-max)))
+               (next-single-property-change (point-min) 'here-doc-group nil (point-max)))
+             (point-max))]
+         ["Narrow to this HERE-DOC" cperl-narrow-to-here-doc
+          (eq 'here-doc  (progn
+               (and cperl-syntaxify-for-menu
+                    (cperl-update-syntaxification (point) (point)))
+               (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type)))]
+         ["Select this HERE-DOC or POD section"
+          cperl-select-this-pod-or-here-doc
+          (memq (progn
+                  (and cperl-syntaxify-for-menu
+                       (cperl-update-syntaxification (point) (point)))
+                  (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type))
+                '(here-doc pod))]
          "----"
          "----"
-         ["Run" mode-compile (fboundp 'mode-compile)]
-         ["Kill" mode-compile-kill (and (fboundp 'mode-compile-kill)
-                                        (get-buffer "*compilation*"))]
-         ["Next error" next-error (get-buffer "*compilation*")]
-         ["Check syntax" cperl-check-syntax (fboundp 'mode-compile)]
+         ["CPerl pretty print (exprmntl)" cperl-ps-print
+          (fboundp 'ps-extend-face-list)]
          "----"
          "----"
-         ["Debugger" cperl-db t]
+         ["Syntaxify region" cperl-find-pods-heres-region
+          (cperl-use-region-p)]
+         ["Profile syntaxification" cperl-time-fontification t]
+         ["Debug errors in delayed fontification" cperl-emulate-lazy-lock t]
+         ["Debug unwind for syntactic scan" cperl-toggle-set-debug-unwind t]
+         ["Debug backtrace on syntactic scan (BEWARE!!!)"
+          (cperl-toggle-set-debug-unwind nil t) t]
          "----"
          "----"
-         ("Tools"
-          ["Imenu" imenu (fboundp 'imenu)]
-          ["Insert spaces if needed" cperl-find-bad-style t]
-          ["Class Hierarchy from TAGS" cperl-tags-hier-init t]
-          ;;["Update classes" (cperl-tags-hier-init t) tags-table-list]
-          ["CPerl pretty print (exprmntl)" cperl-ps-print
-           (fboundp 'ps-extend-face-list)]
-          ["Imenu on info" cperl-imenu-on-info (featurep 'imenu)]
-          ("Tags"
+         ["Class Hierarchy from TAGS" cperl-tags-hier-init t]
+         ;;["Update classes" (cperl-tags-hier-init t) tags-table-list]
+         ("Tags"
 ;;;         ["Create tags for current file" cperl-etags t]
 ;;;         ["Add tags for current file" (cperl-etags t) t]
 ;;;         ["Create tags for Perl files in directory" (cperl-etags nil t) t]
 ;;;         ["Create tags for current file" cperl-etags t]
 ;;;         ["Add tags for current file" (cperl-etags t) t]
 ;;;         ["Create tags for Perl files in directory" (cperl-etags nil t) t]
@@ -1186,10 +1355,10 @@ the faces: please specify bold, italic, underline, shadow and box.)
          ["PerlStyle" (cperl-set-style "PerlStyle") t]
          ["GNU" (cperl-set-style "GNU") t]
          ["C++" (cperl-set-style "C++") t]
          ["PerlStyle" (cperl-set-style "PerlStyle") t]
          ["GNU" (cperl-set-style "GNU") t]
          ["C++" (cperl-set-style "C++") t]
-         ["FSF" (cperl-set-style "FSF") t]
+         ["K&R" (cperl-set-style "K&R") t]
          ["BSD" (cperl-set-style "BSD") t]
          ["Whitesmith" (cperl-set-style "Whitesmith") t]
          ["BSD" (cperl-set-style "BSD") t]
          ["Whitesmith" (cperl-set-style "Whitesmith") t]
-         ["Current" (cperl-set-style "Current") t]
+         ["Memorize Current" (cperl-set-style "Current") t]
          ["Memorized" (cperl-set-style-back) cperl-old-style])
         ("Micro-docs"
          ["Tips" (describe-variable 'cperl-tips) t]
          ["Memorized" (cperl-set-style-back) cperl-old-style])
         ("Micro-docs"
          ["Tips" (describe-variable 'cperl-tips) t]
@@ -1208,12 +1377,73 @@ the faces: please specify bold, italic, underline, shadow and box.)
 The expansion is entirely correct because it uses the C preprocessor."
   t)
 
 The expansion is entirely correct because it uses the C preprocessor."
   t)
 
+;;; These two must be unwound, otherwise take exponential time
+(defconst cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex "[ \t\n]*\\(#[^\n]*\n[ \t\n]*\\)*"
+"Regular expression to match optional whitespace with interpspersed comments.
+Should contain exactly one group.")
+
+;;; This one is tricky to unwind; still very inefficient...
+(defconst cperl-white-and-comment-rex "\\([ \t\n]\\|#[^\n]*\n\\)+"
+"Regular expression to match whitespace with interpspersed comments.
+Should contain exactly one group.")
+
+
+;;; Is incorporated in `cperl-imenu--function-name-regexp-perl'
+;;; `cperl-outline-regexp', `defun-prompt-regexp'.
+;;; Details of groups in this may be used in several functions; see comments
+;;; near mentioned above variable(s)...
+;;; sub($$):lvalue{}  sub:lvalue{} Both allowed...
+(defsubst cperl-after-sub-regexp (named attr) ; 9 groups without attr...
+  "Match the text after `sub' in a subroutine declaration.
+If NAMED is nil, allows anonymous subroutines.  Matches up to the first \":\"
+of attributes (if present), or end of the name or prototype (whatever is
+the last)."
+  (concat                              ; Assume n groups before this...
+   "\\("                               ; n+1=name-group
+     cperl-white-and-comment-rex       ; n+2=pre-name
+     "\\(::[a-zA-Z_0-9:']+\\|[a-zA-Z_'][a-zA-Z_0-9:']*\\)" ; n+3=name
+   "\\)"                               ; END n+1=name-group
+   (if named "" "?")
+   "\\("                               ; n+4=proto-group
+     cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex ; n+5=pre-proto
+     "\\(([^()]*)\\)"                  ; n+6=prototype
+   "\\)?"                              ; END n+4=proto-group
+   "\\("                               ; n+7=attr-group
+     cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex ; n+8=pre-attr
+     "\\("                             ; n+9=start-attr
+        ":"
+       (if attr (concat
+                 "\\("
+                    cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex ; whitespace-comments
+                    "\\(\\sw\\|_\\)+"  ; attr-name
+                    ;; attr-arg (1 level of internal parens allowed!)
+                    "\\((\\(\\\\.\\|[^\\\\()]\\|([^\\\\()]*)\\)*)\\)?"
+                    "\\("              ; optional : (XXX allows trailing???)
+                       cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex ; whitespace-comments
+                    ":\\)?"
+                 "\\)+")
+         "[^:]")
+     "\\)"
+   "\\)?"                              ; END n+6=proto-group
+   ))
+
+;;; Details of groups in this are used in `cperl-imenu--create-perl-index'
+;;;  and `cperl-outline-level'.
+;;;; Was: 2=sub|package; now 2=package-group, 5=package-name 8=sub-name (+3)
 (defvar cperl-imenu--function-name-regexp-perl
   (concat
 (defvar cperl-imenu--function-name-regexp-perl
   (concat
-   "^\\("
-       "[ \t]*\\(sub\\|package\\)[ \t\n]+\\([a-zA-Z_0-9:']+\\)[ \t]*\\(([^()]*)[ \t]*\\)?"
-     "\\|"
-       "=head\\([12]\\)[ \t]+\\([^\n]+\\)$"
+   "^\\("                              ; 1 = all
+       "\\([ \t]*package"              ; 2 = package-group
+          "\\("                                ; 3 = package-name-group
+           cperl-white-and-comment-rex ; 4 = pre-package-name
+              "\\([a-zA-Z_0-9:']+\\)\\)?\\)" ; 5 = package-name
+       "\\|"
+          "[ \t]*sub"
+         (cperl-after-sub-regexp 'named nil) ; 8=name 11=proto 14=attr-start
+         cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex     ; 15=pre-block
+   "\\|"
+     "=head\\([1-4]\\)[ \t]+"          ; 16=level
+     "\\([^\n]+\\)$"                   ; 17=text
    "\\)"))
 
 (defvar cperl-outline-regexp
    "\\)"))
 
 (defvar cperl-outline-regexp
@@ -1225,6 +1455,12 @@ The expansion is entirely correct because it uses the C preprocessor."
 (defvar cperl-string-syntax-table nil
   "Syntax table in use in CPerl mode string-like chunks.")
 
 (defvar cperl-string-syntax-table nil
   "Syntax table in use in CPerl mode string-like chunks.")
 
+(defsubst cperl-1- (p)
+  (max (point-min) (1- p)))
+
+(defsubst cperl-1+ (p)
+  (min (point-max) (1+ p)))
+
 (if cperl-mode-syntax-table
     ()
   (setq cperl-mode-syntax-table (make-syntax-table))
 (if cperl-mode-syntax-table
     ()
   (setq cperl-mode-syntax-table (make-syntax-table))
@@ -1249,6 +1485,8 @@ The expansion is entirely correct because it uses the C preprocessor."
   (modify-syntax-entry ?| "." cperl-mode-syntax-table)
   (setq cperl-string-syntax-table (copy-syntax-table cperl-mode-syntax-table))
   (modify-syntax-entry ?$ "." cperl-string-syntax-table)
   (modify-syntax-entry ?| "." cperl-mode-syntax-table)
   (setq cperl-string-syntax-table (copy-syntax-table cperl-mode-syntax-table))
   (modify-syntax-entry ?$ "." cperl-string-syntax-table)
+  (modify-syntax-entry ?\{ "." cperl-string-syntax-table)
+  (modify-syntax-entry ?\} "." cperl-string-syntax-table)
   (modify-syntax-entry ?# "." cperl-string-syntax-table)) ; (?# comment )
 
 
   (modify-syntax-entry ?# "." cperl-string-syntax-table)) ; (?# comment )
 
 
@@ -1257,6 +1495,17 @@ The expansion is entirely correct because it uses the C preprocessor."
 ;; Fix for msb.el
 (defvar cperl-msb-fixed nil)
 (defvar cperl-use-major-mode 'cperl-mode)
 ;; Fix for msb.el
 (defvar cperl-msb-fixed nil)
 (defvar cperl-use-major-mode 'cperl-mode)
+(defvar cperl-font-lock-multiline-start nil)
+(defvar cperl-font-lock-multiline nil)
+(defvar cperl-font-locking nil)
+
+;; NB as it stands the code in cperl-mode assumes this only has one
+;; element. If Xemacs 19 support were dropped, this could all be simplified.
+(defvar cperl-compilation-error-regexp-alist
+  ;; This look like a paranoiac regexp: could anybody find a better one? (which WORKS).
+  '(("^[^\n]* \\(file\\|at\\) \\([^ \t\n]+\\) [^\n]*line \\([0-9]+\\)[\\., \n]"
+     2 3))
+  "Alist that specifies how to match errors in perl output.")
 
 ;;;###autoload
 (defun cperl-mode ()
 
 ;;;###autoload
 (defun cperl-mode ()
@@ -1402,16 +1651,24 @@ Variables controlling indentation style:
  `cperl-min-label-indent'
     Minimal indentation for line that is a label.
 
  `cperl-min-label-indent'
     Minimal indentation for line that is a label.
 
-Settings for K&R and BSD indentation styles are
-  `cperl-indent-level'                5    8
-  `cperl-continued-statement-offset'  5    8
-  `cperl-brace-offset'               -5   -8
-  `cperl-label-offset'               -5   -8
+Settings for classic indent-styles: K&R BSD=C++ GNU PerlStyle=Whitesmith
+  `cperl-indent-level'                5   4       2   4
+  `cperl-brace-offset'                0   0       0   0
+  `cperl-continued-brace-offset'     -5  -4       0   0
+  `cperl-label-offset'               -5  -4      -2  -4
+  `cperl-continued-statement-offset'  5   4       2   4
 
 CPerl knows several indentation styles, and may bulk set the
 corresponding variables.  Use \\[cperl-set-style] to do this.  Use
 \\[cperl-set-style-back] to restore the memorized preexisting values
 
 CPerl knows several indentation styles, and may bulk set the
 corresponding variables.  Use \\[cperl-set-style] to do this.  Use
 \\[cperl-set-style-back] to restore the memorized preexisting values
-\(both available from menu).
+\(both available from menu).  See examples in `cperl-style-examples'.
+
+Part of the indentation style is how different parts of if/elsif/else
+statements are broken into lines; in CPerl, this is reflected on how
+templates for these constructs are created (controlled by
+`cperl-extra-newline-before-brace'), and how reflow-logic should treat \"continuation\" blocks of else/elsif/continue, controlled by the same variable,
+and by `cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline',
+`cperl-merge-trailing-else', `cperl-indent-region-fix-constructs'.
 
 If `cperl-indent-level' is 0, the statement after opening brace in
 column 0 is indented on
 
 If `cperl-indent-level' is 0, the statement after opening brace in
 column 0 is indented on
@@ -1440,9 +1697,8 @@ or as help on variables `cperl-tips', `cperl-problems',
                          [(control c) (control h) f])))
   (setq major-mode cperl-use-major-mode)
   (setq mode-name "CPerl")
                          [(control c) (control h) f])))
   (setq major-mode cperl-use-major-mode)
   (setq mode-name "CPerl")
-  (if (not cperl-mode-abbrev-table)
-      (let ((prev-a-c abbrevs-changed))
-       (define-abbrev-table 'cperl-mode-abbrev-table '(
+  (let ((prev-a-c abbrevs-changed))
+    (define-abbrev-table 'cperl-mode-abbrev-table '(
                ("if" "if" cperl-electric-keyword 0)
                ("elsif" "elsif" cperl-electric-keyword 0)
                ("while" "while" cperl-electric-keyword 0)
                ("if" "if" cperl-electric-keyword 0)
                ("elsif" "elsif" cperl-electric-keyword 0)
                ("while" "while" cperl-electric-keyword 0)
@@ -1463,10 +1719,14 @@ or as help on variables `cperl-tips', `cperl-problems',
                ("over" "over" cperl-electric-pod 0)
                ("head1" "head1" cperl-electric-pod 0)
                ("head2" "head2" cperl-electric-pod 0)))
                ("over" "over" cperl-electric-pod 0)
                ("head1" "head1" cperl-electric-pod 0)
                ("head2" "head2" cperl-electric-pod 0)))
-       (setq abbrevs-changed prev-a-c)))
+       (setq abbrevs-changed prev-a-c))
   (setq local-abbrev-table cperl-mode-abbrev-table)
   (setq local-abbrev-table cperl-mode-abbrev-table)
-  (abbrev-mode (if (cperl-val 'cperl-electric-keywords) 1 0))
+  (if (cperl-val 'cperl-electric-keywords)
+      (abbrev-mode 1))
   (set-syntax-table cperl-mode-syntax-table)
   (set-syntax-table cperl-mode-syntax-table)
+  ;; Until Emacs is multi-threaded, we do not actually need it local:
+  (make-local-variable 'cperl-font-lock-multiline-start)
+  (make-local-variable 'cperl-font-locking)
   (make-local-variable 'outline-regexp)
   ;; (setq outline-regexp imenu-example--function-name-regexp-perl)
   (setq outline-regexp cperl-outline-regexp)
   (make-local-variable 'outline-regexp)
   ;; (setq outline-regexp imenu-example--function-name-regexp-perl)
   (setq outline-regexp cperl-outline-regexp)
@@ -1478,7 +1738,10 @@ or as help on variables `cperl-tips', `cperl-problems',
   (setq paragraph-separate paragraph-start)
   (make-local-variable 'paragraph-ignore-fill-prefix)
   (setq paragraph-ignore-fill-prefix t)
   (setq paragraph-separate paragraph-start)
   (make-local-variable 'paragraph-ignore-fill-prefix)
   (setq paragraph-ignore-fill-prefix t)
-  (set (make-local-variable 'fill-paragraph-function) 'cperl-fill-paragraph)
+  (if cperl-xemacs-p
+    (progn
+      (make-local-variable 'paren-backwards-message)
+      (set 'paren-backwards-message t)))
   (make-local-variable 'indent-line-function)
   (setq indent-line-function 'cperl-indent-line)
   (make-local-variable 'require-final-newline)
   (make-local-variable 'indent-line-function)
   (setq indent-line-function 'cperl-indent-line)
   (make-local-variable 'require-final-newline)
@@ -1492,9 +1755,22 @@ or as help on variables `cperl-tips', `cperl-problems',
   (make-local-variable 'comment-start-skip)
   (setq comment-start-skip "#+ *")
   (make-local-variable 'defun-prompt-regexp)
   (make-local-variable 'comment-start-skip)
   (setq comment-start-skip "#+ *")
   (make-local-variable 'defun-prompt-regexp)
-  (setq defun-prompt-regexp "^[ \t]*sub[ \t\n]+\\([^ \t\n{(;]+\\)\\([ \t\n]*([^()]*)[ \t\n]*\\)?[ \t\n]*")
+;;;       "[ \t]*sub"
+;;;      (cperl-after-sub-regexp 'named nil) ; 8=name 11=proto 14=attr-start
+;;;      cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex     ; 15=pre-block
+  (setq defun-prompt-regexp
+       (concat "^[ \t]*\\(sub"
+               (cperl-after-sub-regexp 'named 'attr-groups)
+               "\\|"                   ; per toke.c
+               "\\(BEGIN\\|CHECK\\|INIT\\|END\\|AUTOLOAD\\|DESTROY\\)"
+               "\\)"
+               cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex))
   (make-local-variable 'comment-indent-function)
   (setq comment-indent-function 'cperl-comment-indent)
   (make-local-variable 'comment-indent-function)
   (setq comment-indent-function 'cperl-comment-indent)
+  (and (boundp 'fill-paragraph-function)
+      (progn
+       (make-local-variable 'fill-paragraph-function)
+       (set 'fill-paragraph-function 'cperl-fill-paragraph)))
   (make-local-variable 'parse-sexp-ignore-comments)
   (setq parse-sexp-ignore-comments t)
   (make-local-variable 'indent-region-function)
   (make-local-variable 'parse-sexp-ignore-comments)
   (setq parse-sexp-ignore-comments t)
   (make-local-variable 'indent-region-function)
@@ -1509,21 +1785,41 @@ or as help on variables `cperl-tips', `cperl-problems',
   (set 'vc-rcs-header cperl-vc-rcs-header)
   (make-local-variable 'vc-sccs-header)
   (set 'vc-sccs-header cperl-vc-sccs-header)
   (set 'vc-rcs-header cperl-vc-rcs-header)
   (make-local-variable 'vc-sccs-header)
   (set 'vc-sccs-header cperl-vc-sccs-header)
+  ;; This one is obsolete...
+  (make-local-variable 'vc-header-alist)
+  (set 'vc-header-alist (or cperl-vc-header-alist ; Avoid warning
+                           (` ((SCCS (, (car cperl-vc-sccs-header)))
+                                    (RCS (, (car cperl-vc-rcs-header)))))))
+  (cond ((boundp 'compilation-error-regexp-alist-alist);; xemacs 20.x
+        (make-local-variable 'compilation-error-regexp-alist-alist)
+        (set 'compilation-error-regexp-alist-alist
+             (cons (cons 'cperl (car cperl-compilation-error-regexp-alist))
+                   (symbol-value 'compilation-error-regexp-alist-alist)))
+         (if (fboundp 'compilation-build-compilation-error-regexp-alist)
+             (let ((f 'compilation-build-compilation-error-regexp-alist))
+               (funcall f))
+           (make-local-variable 'compilation-error-regexp-alist)
+           (push 'cperl compilation-error-regexp-alist)))
+       ((boundp 'compilation-error-regexp-alist);; xmeacs 19.x
+        (make-local-variable 'compilation-error-regexp-alist)
+        (set 'compilation-error-regexp-alist
+              (append cperl-compilation-error-regexp-alist
+                      (symbol-value 'compilation-error-regexp-alist)))))
   (make-local-variable 'font-lock-defaults)
   (setq        font-lock-defaults
        (cond
         ((string< emacs-version "19.30")
   (make-local-variable 'font-lock-defaults)
   (setq        font-lock-defaults
        (cond
         ((string< emacs-version "19.30")
-         '(cperl-font-lock-keywords-2))
+         '(cperl-font-lock-keywords-2 nil nil ((?_ . "w"))))
         ((string< emacs-version "19.33") ; Which one to use?
          '((cperl-font-lock-keywords
             cperl-font-lock-keywords-1
         ((string< emacs-version "19.33") ; Which one to use?
          '((cperl-font-lock-keywords
             cperl-font-lock-keywords-1
-            cperl-font-lock-keywords-2)))
+            cperl-font-lock-keywords-2) nil nil ((?_ . "w"))))
         (t
          '((cperl-load-font-lock-keywords
             cperl-load-font-lock-keywords-1
         (t
          '((cperl-load-font-lock-keywords
             cperl-load-font-lock-keywords-1
-            cperl-load-font-lock-keywords-2)
-            nil nil ((?_ . "w"))))))
+            cperl-load-font-lock-keywords-2) nil nil ((?_ . "w"))))))
   (make-local-variable 'cperl-syntax-state)
   (make-local-variable 'cperl-syntax-state)
+  (setq cperl-syntax-state nil)                ; reset syntaxification cache
   (if cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
       (progn
        (make-local-variable 'parse-sexp-lookup-properties)
   (if cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
       (progn
        (make-local-variable 'parse-sexp-lookup-properties)
@@ -1533,10 +1829,12 @@ or as help on variables `cperl-tips', `cperl-problems',
        (or (boundp 'font-lock-unfontify-region-function)
            (set 'font-lock-unfontify-region-function
                 'font-lock-default-unfontify-region))
        (or (boundp 'font-lock-unfontify-region-function)
            (set 'font-lock-unfontify-region-function
                 'font-lock-default-unfontify-region))
-       (make-local-variable 'font-lock-unfontify-region-function)
-       (set 'font-lock-unfontify-region-function ; not present with old Emacs
-             'cperl-font-lock-unfontify-region-function)
+       (unless cperl-xemacs-p          ; Our: just a plug for wrong font-lock
+         (make-local-variable 'font-lock-unfontify-region-function)
+         (set 'font-lock-unfontify-region-function ; not present with old Emacs
+              'cperl-font-lock-unfontify-region-function))
        (make-local-variable 'cperl-syntax-done-to)
        (make-local-variable 'cperl-syntax-done-to)
+       (setq cperl-syntax-done-to nil) ; reset syntaxification cache
        (make-local-variable 'font-lock-syntactic-keywords)
        (setq font-lock-syntactic-keywords
              (if cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock
        (make-local-variable 'font-lock-syntactic-keywords)
        (setq font-lock-syntactic-keywords
              (if cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock
@@ -1546,10 +1844,20 @@ or as help on variables `cperl-tips', `cperl-problems',
                 ;;  to make font-lock think that font-lock-syntactic-keywords
                 ;;  are defined.
                '(t)))))
                 ;;  to make font-lock think that font-lock-syntactic-keywords
                 ;;  are defined.
                '(t)))))
+  (if (boundp 'font-lock-multiline)    ; Newer font-lock; use its facilities
+      (progn
+       (setq cperl-font-lock-multiline t) ; Not localized...
+       (set (make-local-variable 'font-lock-multiline) t))
+    (make-local-variable 'font-lock-fontify-region-function)
+    (set 'font-lock-fontify-region-function ; not present with old Emacs
+        'cperl-font-lock-fontify-region-function))
+  (make-local-variable 'font-lock-fontify-region-function)
+  (set 'font-lock-fontify-region-function ; not present with old Emacs
+       'cperl-font-lock-fontify-region-function)
   (make-local-variable 'cperl-old-style)
   (if (boundp 'normal-auto-fill-function) ; 19.33 and later
       (set (make-local-variable 'normal-auto-fill-function)
   (make-local-variable 'cperl-old-style)
   (if (boundp 'normal-auto-fill-function) ; 19.33 and later
       (set (make-local-variable 'normal-auto-fill-function)
-          'cperl-do-auto-fill)       ; RMS has it as #'cperl-do-auto-fill ???
+          'cperl-do-auto-fill)
     (or (fboundp 'cperl-old-auto-fill-mode)
        (progn
          (fset 'cperl-old-auto-fill-mode (symbol-function 'auto-fill-mode))
     (or (fboundp 'cperl-old-auto-fill-mode)
        (progn
          (fset 'cperl-old-auto-fill-mode (symbol-function 'auto-fill-mode))
@@ -1562,12 +1870,16 @@ or as help on variables `cperl-tips', `cperl-problems',
       (if (cperl-val 'cperl-font-lock)
          (progn (or cperl-faces-init (cperl-init-faces))
                 (font-lock-mode 1))))
       (if (cperl-val 'cperl-font-lock)
          (progn (or cperl-faces-init (cperl-init-faces))
                 (font-lock-mode 1))))
+  (set (make-local-variable 'facemenu-add-face-function)
+       'cperl-facemenu-add-face-function) ; XXXX What this guy is for???
   (and (boundp 'msb-menu-cond)
        (not cperl-msb-fixed)
        (cperl-msb-fix))
   (if (featurep 'easymenu)
       (easy-menu-add cperl-menu))      ; A NOP in Emacs.
   (run-mode-hooks 'cperl-mode-hook)
   (and (boundp 'msb-menu-cond)
        (not cperl-msb-fixed)
        (cperl-msb-fix))
   (if (featurep 'easymenu)
       (easy-menu-add cperl-menu))      ; A NOP in Emacs.
   (run-mode-hooks 'cperl-mode-hook)
+  (if cperl-hook-after-change
+      (add-hook 'after-change-functions 'cperl-after-change-function nil t))
   ;; After hooks since fontification will break this
   (if cperl-pod-here-scan
       (or cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock
   ;; After hooks since fontification will break this
   (if cperl-pod-here-scan
       (or cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock
@@ -1616,31 +1928,37 @@ or as help on variables `cperl-tips', `cperl-problems',
 (defvar cperl-st-ket '(5 . ?\<))
 
 
 (defvar cperl-st-ket '(5 . ?\<))
 
 
-(defun cperl-comment-indent ()
+(defun cperl-comment-indent ()         ; called at point at supposed comment
   (let ((p (point)) (c (current-column)) was phony)
   (let ((p (point)) (c (current-column)) was phony)
-    (if (looking-at "^#") 0            ; Existing comment at bol stays there.
+    (if (and (not cperl-indent-comment-at-column-0)
+            (looking-at "^#"))
+       0       ; Existing comment at bol stays there.
       ;; Wrong comment found
       (save-excursion
        (setq was (cperl-to-comment-or-eol)
              phony (eq (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-table)
                        cperl-st-cfence))
        (if phony
       ;; Wrong comment found
       (save-excursion
        (setq was (cperl-to-comment-or-eol)
              phony (eq (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-table)
                        cperl-st-cfence))
        (if phony
-           (progn
+           (progn                      ; Too naive???
              (re-search-forward "#\\|$") ; Hmm, what about embedded #?
              (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\#)
                  (forward-char -1))
              (setq was nil)))
              (re-search-forward "#\\|$") ; Hmm, what about embedded #?
              (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\#)
                  (forward-char -1))
              (setq was nil)))
-       (if (= (point) p)
+       (if (= (point) p)               ; Our caller found a correct place
            (progn
              (skip-chars-backward " \t")
            (progn
              (skip-chars-backward " \t")
-             (max (1+ (current-column)) ; Else indent at comment column
-                  comment-column))
+             (setq was (current-column))
+             (if (eq was 0)
+                 comment-column
+               (max (1+ was) ; Else indent at comment column
+                    comment-column)))
+         ;; No, the caller found a random place; we need to edit ourselves
          (if was nil
            (insert comment-start)
            (backward-char (length comment-start)))
          (setq cperl-wrong-comment t)
          (if was nil
            (insert comment-start)
            (backward-char (length comment-start)))
          (setq cperl-wrong-comment t)
-         (indent-to comment-column 1)  ; Indent minimum 1
-         c)))))                        ; except leave at least one space.
+         (cperl-make-indent comment-column 1) ; Indent min 1
+         c)))))
 
 ;;;(defun cperl-comment-indent-fallback ()
 ;;;  "Is called if the standard comment-search procedure fails.
 
 ;;;(defun cperl-comment-indent-fallback ()
 ;;;  "Is called if the standard comment-search procedure fails.
@@ -1666,7 +1984,7 @@ or as help on variables `cperl-tips', `cperl-problems',
   (interactive)
   (let (cperl-wrong-comment)
     (indent-for-comment)
   (interactive)
   (let (cperl-wrong-comment)
     (indent-for-comment)
-    (if cperl-wrong-comment
+    (if cperl-wrong-comment            ; set by `cperl-comment-indent'
        (progn (cperl-to-comment-or-eol)
               (forward-char (length comment-start))))))
 
        (progn (cperl-to-comment-or-eol)
               (forward-char (length comment-start))))))
 
@@ -1966,15 +2284,10 @@ to nil."
            (or
             (get-text-property (point) 'in-pod)
             (cperl-after-expr-p nil "{;:")
            (or
             (get-text-property (point) 'in-pod)
             (cperl-after-expr-p nil "{;:")
-            (and (re-search-backward
-                  ;; "\\(\\`\n?\\|\n\n\\)=\\sw+"
-                  "\\(\\`\n?\\|^\n\\)=\\sw+"
-                  (point-min) t)
-                 (not (or
-                       (looking-at "=cut")
-                       (and cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
-                            (not (eq (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type)
-                                     'pod)))))))))
+            (and (re-search-backward "\\(\\`\n?\\|^\n\\)=\\sw+" (point-min) t)
+                 (not (looking-at "\n*=cut"))
+                 (or (not cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property)
+                     (eq (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type) 'pod))))))
         (progn
           (save-excursion
             (setq notlast (re-search-forward "^\n=" nil t)))
         (progn
           (save-excursion
             (setq notlast (re-search-forward "^\n=" nil t)))
@@ -2252,7 +2565,7 @@ key.  Will untabify if `cperl-electric-backspace-untabify' is non-nil."
 
 (put 'cperl-electric-backspace 'delete-selection 'supersede)
 
 
 (put 'cperl-electric-backspace 'delete-selection 'supersede)
 
-(defun cperl-inside-parens-p ()
+(defun cperl-inside-parens-p ()                ;; NOT USED????
   (condition-case ()
       (save-excursion
        (save-restriction
   (condition-case ()
       (save-excursion
        (save-restriction
@@ -2332,8 +2645,9 @@ Return the amount the indentation changed by."
            (zerop shift-amt))
        (if (> (- (point-max) pos) (point))
            (goto-char (- (point-max) pos)))
            (zerop shift-amt))
        (if (> (- (point-max) pos) (point))
            (goto-char (- (point-max) pos)))
-      (delete-region beg (point))
-      (indent-to indent)
+      ;;;(delete-region beg (point))
+      ;;;(indent-to indent)
+      (cperl-make-indent indent)
       ;; If initial point was within line's indentation,
       ;; position after the indentation.  Else stay at same point in text.
       (if (> (- (point-max) pos) (point))
       ;; If initial point was within line's indentation,
       ;; position after the indentation.  Else stay at same point in text.
       (if (> (- (point-max) pos) (point))
@@ -2380,63 +2694,55 @@ Return the amount the indentation changed by."
       (or state (setq state (parse-partial-sexp start start-point -1 nil start-state)))
       (list start state depth prestart))))
 
       (or state (setq state (parse-partial-sexp start start-point -1 nil start-state)))
       (list start state depth prestart))))
 
-(defun cperl-block-p ()                   ; Do not C-M-q !  One string contains ";" !
-  ;; Positions is before ?\{.  Checks whether it starts a block.
-  ;; No save-excursion!
-  (cperl-backward-to-noncomment (point-min))
-  (or (memq (preceding-char) (append ";){}$@&%\C-@" nil)) ; Or label!  \C-@ at bobp
-                                       ; Label may be mixed up with `$blah :'
-      (save-excursion (cperl-after-label))
-      (and (memq (char-syntax (preceding-char)) '(?w ?_))
-          (progn
-            (backward-sexp)
-            ;; Need take into account `bless', `return', `tr',...
-            (or (and (looking-at "[a-zA-Z0-9_:]+[ \t\n\f]*[{#]") ; Method call syntax
-                     (not (looking-at "\\(bless\\|return\\|q[wqrx]?\\|tr\\|[smy]\\)\\>")))
-                (progn
-                  (skip-chars-backward " \t\n\f")
-                  (and (memq (char-syntax (preceding-char)) '(?w ?_))
-                       (progn
-                         (backward-sexp)
-                         (looking-at
-                          "sub[ \t]+[a-zA-Z0-9_:]+[ \t\n\f]*\\(([^()]*)[ \t\n\f]*\\)?[#{]")))))))))
-
 (defvar cperl-look-for-prop '((pod in-pod) (here-doc-delim here-doc-group)))
 
 (defvar cperl-look-for-prop '((pod in-pod) (here-doc-delim here-doc-group)))
 
-(defun cperl-calculate-indent (&optional parse-data) ; was parse-start
-  "Return appropriate indentation for current line as Perl code.
-In usual case returns an integer: the column to indent to.
-Returns nil if line starts inside a string, t if in a comment.
-
-Will not correct the indentation for labels, but will correct it for braces
-and closing parentheses and brackets."
+(defun cperl-beginning-of-property (p prop &optional lim)
+  "Given that P has a property PROP, find where the property starts.
+Will not look before LIM."
+  ;;; XXXX What to do at point-max???
+  (or (previous-single-property-change (cperl-1+ p) prop lim)
+      (point-min))
+;;;  (cond ((eq p (point-min))
+;;;     p)
+;;;    ((and lim (<= p lim))
+;;;     p)
+;;;    ((not (get-text-property (1- p) prop))
+;;;     p)
+;;;    (t (or (previous-single-property-change p look-prop lim)
+;;;           (point-min))))
+  )
+
+(defun cperl-sniff-for-indent (&optional parse-data) ; was parse-start
+  ;; Old workhorse for calculation of indentation; the major problem
+  ;; is that it mixes the sniffer logic to understand what the current line
+  ;; MEANS with the logic to actually calculate where to indent it.
+  ;; The latter part should be eventually moved to `cperl-calculate-indent';
+  ;; actually, this is mostly done now...
   (cperl-update-syntaxification (point) (point))
   (cperl-update-syntaxification (point) (point))
-  (save-excursion
-    (if (or
-        (and (memq (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type)
-                   '(pod here-doc here-doc-delim format))
-             (not (get-text-property (point) 'indentable)))
-        ;; before start of POD - whitespace found since do not have 'pod!
-        (and (looking-at "[ \t]*\n=")
-             (error "Spaces before POD section!"))
-        (and (not cperl-indent-left-aligned-comments)
-             (looking-at "^#")))
-       nil
-      (beginning-of-line)
-      (let ((indent-point (point))
-           (char-after (save-excursion
-                         (skip-chars-forward " \t")
-                         (following-char)))
-           (in-pod (get-text-property (point) 'in-pod))
-           (pre-indent-point (point))
-           p prop look-prop is-block delim)
-       (cond
-        (in-pod
-         ;; In the verbatim part, probably code example.  What to do???
-         )
-        (t
-         (save-excursion
-           ;; Not in POD
+  (let ((res (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type)))
+    (save-excursion
+      (cond
+       ((and (memq res '(pod here-doc here-doc-delim format))
+            (not (get-text-property (point) 'indentable)))
+       (vector res))
+       ;; before start of POD - whitespace found since do not have 'pod!
+       ((looking-at "[ \t]*\n=")
+       (error "Spaces before POD section!"))
+       ((and (not cperl-indent-left-aligned-comments)
+            (looking-at "^#"))
+       [comment-special:at-beginning-of-line])
+       ((get-text-property (point) 'in-pod)
+       [in-pod])
+       (t
+       (beginning-of-line)
+       (let* ((indent-point (point))
+              (char-after-pos (save-excursion
+                                (skip-chars-forward " \t")
+                                (point)))
+              (char-after (char-after char-after-pos))
+              (pre-indent-point (point))
+              p prop look-prop is-block delim)
+         (save-excursion               ; Know we are not in POD, find appropriate pos before
            (cperl-backward-to-noncomment nil)
            (setq p (max (point-min) (1- (point)))
                  prop (get-text-property p 'syntax-type)
            (cperl-backward-to-noncomment nil)
            (setq p (max (point-min) (1- (point)))
                  prop (get-text-property p 'syntax-type)
@@ -2444,437 +2750,597 @@ and closing parentheses and brackets."
                                'syntax-type))
            (if (memq prop '(pod here-doc format here-doc-delim))
                (progn
                                'syntax-type))
            (if (memq prop '(pod here-doc format here-doc-delim))
                (progn
-                 (goto-char (or (previous-single-property-change p look-prop)
-                                (point-min)))
+                 (goto-char (cperl-beginning-of-property p look-prop))
                  (beginning-of-line)
                  (beginning-of-line)
-                 (setq pre-indent-point (point)))))))
-       (goto-char pre-indent-point)
-       (let* ((case-fold-search nil)
-              (s-s (cperl-get-state (car parse-data) (nth 1 parse-data)))
-              (start (or (nth 2 parse-data)
-                         (nth 0 s-s)))
-              (state (nth 1 s-s))
-              (containing-sexp (car (cdr state)))
-              old-indent)
-         (if (and
-              ;;containing-sexp                ;; We are buggy at toplevel :-(
-              parse-data)
-             (progn
-               (setcar parse-data pre-indent-point)
-               (setcar (cdr parse-data) state)
-               (or (nth 2 parse-data)
-                   (setcar (cddr parse-data) start))
-               ;; Before this point: end of statement
-               (setq old-indent (nth 3 parse-data))))
-         (cond ((get-text-property (point) 'indentable)
-                ;; indent to just after the surrounding open,
-                ;; skip blanks if we do not close the expression.
-                (goto-char (1+ (previous-single-property-change (point) 'indentable)))
-                (or (memq char-after (append ")]}" nil))
-                    (looking-at "[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)")
-                    (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
-                (current-column))
-               ((or (nth 3 state) (nth 4 state))
-                ;; return nil or t if should not change this line
-                (nth 4 state))
-               ;; XXXX Do we need to special-case this?
-               ((null containing-sexp)
-                ;; Line is at top level.  May be data or function definition,
-                ;; or may be function argument declaration.
-                ;; Indent like the previous top level line
-                ;; unless that ends in a closeparen without semicolon,
-                ;; in which case this line is the first argument decl.
-                (skip-chars-forward " \t")
-                (+ (save-excursion
-                     (goto-char start)
-                     (- (current-indentation)
-                        (if (nth 2 s-s) cperl-indent-level 0)))
-                   (if (= char-after ?{) cperl-continued-brace-offset 0)
-                   (progn
-                     (cperl-backward-to-noncomment (or old-indent (point-min)))
-                     ;; Look at previous line that's at column 0
-                     ;; to determine whether we are in top-level decls
-                     ;; or function's arg decls.  Set basic-indent accordingly.
-                     ;; Now add a little if this is a continuation line.
-                     (if (or (bobp)
-                             (eq (point) old-indent) ; old-indent was at comment
-                             (eq (preceding-char) ?\;)
-                             ;;  Had ?\) too
-                             (and (eq (preceding-char) ?\})
-                                  (cperl-after-block-and-statement-beg
-                                   (point-min))) ; Was start - too close
-                             (memq char-after (append ")]}" nil))
-                             (and (eq (preceding-char) ?\:) ; label
-                                  (progn
-                                    (forward-sexp -1)
-                                    (skip-chars-backward " \t")
-                                    (looking-at "[ \t]*[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*[ \t]*:")))
-                             (get-text-property (point) 'first-format-line))
-                         (progn
-                           (if (and parse-data
-                                    (not (eq char-after ?\C-j)))
-                               (setcdr (cddr parse-data)
-                                       (list pre-indent-point)))
-                           0)
-                       cperl-continued-statement-offset))))
-               ((not
-                 (or (setq is-block
-                           (and (setq delim (= (char-after containing-sexp) ?{))
-                                (save-excursion ; Is it a hash?
-                                  (goto-char containing-sexp)
-                                  (cperl-block-p))))
-                     cperl-indent-parens-as-block))
-                ;; group is an expression, not a block:
-                ;; indent to just after the surrounding open parens,
-                ;; skip blanks if we do not close the expression.
-                (goto-char (1+ containing-sexp))
-                (or (memq char-after
-                          (append (if delim "}" ")]}") nil))
-                    (looking-at "[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)")
-                    (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
-                (+ (current-column)
-                   (if (and delim
-                            (eq char-after ?\}))
-                       ;; Correct indentation of trailing ?\}
-                       (+ cperl-indent-level cperl-close-paren-offset)
-                     0)))
-;;;          ((and (/= (char-after containing-sexp) ?{)
-;;;                (not cperl-indent-parens-as-block))
-;;;           ;; line is expression, not statement:
-;;;           ;; indent to just after the surrounding open,
-;;;           ;; skip blanks if we do not close the expression.
-;;;           (goto-char (1+ containing-sexp))
-;;;           (or (memq char-after (append ")]}" nil))
-;;;               (looking-at "[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)")
-;;;               (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
-;;;           (current-column))
-;;;          ((progn
-;;;             ;; Containing-expr starts with \{.  Check whether it is a hash.
-;;;             (goto-char containing-sexp)
-;;;             (and (not (cperl-block-p))
-;;;                  (not cperl-indent-parens-as-block)))
-;;;           (goto-char (1+ containing-sexp))
-;;;           (or (eq char-after ?\})
-;;;               (looking-at "[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)")
-;;;               (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
-;;;           (+ (current-column)      ; Correct indentation of trailing ?\}
-;;;              (if (eq char-after ?\}) (+ cperl-indent-level
-;;;                                         cperl-close-paren-offset)
-;;;                0)))
-               (t
-                ;; Statement level.  Is it a continuation or a new statement?
-                ;; Find previous non-comment character.
-                (goto-char pre-indent-point)
-                (cperl-backward-to-noncomment containing-sexp)
-                ;; Back up over label lines, since they don't
-                ;; affect whether our line is a continuation.
-                ;; (Had \, too)
-                (while ;;(or (eq (preceding-char) ?\,)
-                    (and (eq (preceding-char) ?:)
-                         (or ;;(eq (char-after (- (point) 2)) ?\') ; ????
-                          (memq (char-syntax (char-after (- (point) 2)))
-                                '(?w ?_))))
-                  ;;)
-                  (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\,)
-                      ;; Will go to beginning of line, essentially.
-                      ;; Will ignore embedded sexpr XXXX.
-                      (cperl-backward-to-start-of-continued-exp containing-sexp))
-                  (beginning-of-line)
-                  (cperl-backward-to-noncomment containing-sexp))
-                ;; Now we get the answer.
-                (if (not (or (eq (1- (point)) containing-sexp)
-                             (memq (preceding-char)
-                                   (append (if is-block " ;{" " ,;{") '(nil)))
-                             (and (eq (preceding-char) ?\})
-                                  (cperl-after-block-and-statement-beg
-                                   containing-sexp))
-                             (get-text-property (point) 'first-format-line)))
-                    ;; This line is continuation of preceding line's statement;
-                    ;; indent  `cperl-continued-statement-offset'  more than the
-                    ;; previous line of the statement.
-                    ;;
-                    ;; There might be a label on this line, just
-                    ;; consider it bad style and ignore it.
-                    (progn
-                      (cperl-backward-to-start-of-continued-exp containing-sexp)
-                      (+ (if (memq char-after (append "}])" nil))
-                             0         ; Closing parenth
-                           cperl-continued-statement-offset)
-                         (if (or is-block
-                                 (not delim)
-                                 (not (eq char-after ?\})))
-                             0
-                           ;; Now it is a hash reference
-                           (+ cperl-indent-level cperl-close-paren-offset))
-                         (if (looking-at "\\w+[ \t]*:")
-                             (if (> (current-indentation) cperl-min-label-indent)
-                                 (- (current-indentation) cperl-label-offset)
-                               ;; Do not move `parse-data', this should
-                               ;; be quick anyway (this comment comes
-                               ;; from different location):
-                               (cperl-calculate-indent))
-                           (current-column))
-                         (if (eq char-after ?\{)
-                             cperl-continued-brace-offset 0)))
-                  ;; This line starts a new statement.
-                  ;; Position following last unclosed open.
-                  (goto-char containing-sexp)
-                  ;; Is line first statement after an open-brace?
-                  (or
-                   ;; If no, find that first statement and indent like
-                   ;; it.  If the first statement begins with label, do
-                   ;; not believe when the indentation of the label is too
-                   ;; small.
-                   (save-excursion
-                     (forward-char 1)
-                     (setq old-indent (current-indentation))
-                     (let ((colon-line-end 0))
-                       (while
-                           (progn (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
-                                  (looking-at "#\\|[a-zA-Z0-9_$]*:[^:]\\|=[a-zA-Z]"))
-                         ;; Skip over comments and labels following openbrace.
-                         (cond ((= (following-char) ?\#)
-                                (forward-line 1))
-                               ((= (following-char) ?\=)
-                                (goto-char
-                                 (or (next-single-property-change (point) 'in-pod)
-                                     (point-max)))) ; do not loop if no syntaxification
-                               ;; label:
-                               (t
-                                (save-excursion (end-of-line)
-                                                (setq colon-line-end (point)))
-                                (search-forward ":"))))
-                       ;; The first following code counts
-                       ;; if it is before the line we want to indent.
-                       (and (< (point) indent-point)
-                            (if (> colon-line-end (point)) ; After label
-                                (if (> (current-indentation)
-                                       cperl-min-label-indent)
-                                    (- (current-indentation) cperl-label-offset)
-                                  ;; Do not believe: `max' is involved
-                                  (+ old-indent cperl-indent-level))
-                              (current-column)))))
-                   ;; If no previous statement,
-                   ;; indent it relative to line brace is on.
-                   ;; For open brace in column zero, don't let statement
-                   ;; start there too.  If cperl-indent-level is zero,
-                   ;; use cperl-brace-offset + cperl-continued-statement-offset instead.
-                   ;; For open-braces not the first thing in a line,
-                   ;; add in cperl-brace-imaginary-offset.
-
-                   ;; If first thing on a line:  ?????
-                   (+ (if (and (bolp) (zerop cperl-indent-level))
-                          (+ cperl-brace-offset cperl-continued-statement-offset)
-                        cperl-indent-level)
-                      (if (or is-block
-                              (not delim)
-                              (not (eq char-after ?\})))
-                          0
-                        ;; Now it is a hash reference
-                        (+ cperl-indent-level cperl-close-paren-offset))
-                      ;; Move back over whitespace before the openbrace.
-                      ;; If openbrace is not first nonwhite thing on the line,
-                      ;; add the cperl-brace-imaginary-offset.
-                      (progn (skip-chars-backward " \t")
-                             (if (bolp) 0 cperl-brace-imaginary-offset))
-                      ;; If the openbrace is preceded by a parenthesized exp,
-                      ;; move to the beginning of that;
-                      ;; possibly a different line
-                      (progn
-                        (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\))
-                            (forward-sexp -1))
-                        ;; In the case it starts a subroutine, indent with
-                        ;; respect to `sub', not with respect to the
-                        ;; first thing on the line, say in the case of
-                        ;; anonymous sub in a hash.
-                        ;;
-                        (skip-chars-backward " \t")
-                        (if (and (eq (preceding-char) ?b)
+                 (setq pre-indent-point (point)))))
+         (goto-char pre-indent-point)  ; Orig line skipping preceeding pod/etc
+         (let* ((case-fold-search nil)
+                (s-s (cperl-get-state (car parse-data) (nth 1 parse-data)))
+                (start (or (nth 2 parse-data) ; last complete sexp terminated
+                           (nth 0 s-s))) ; Good place to start parsing
+                (state (nth 1 s-s))
+                (containing-sexp (car (cdr state)))
+                old-indent)
+           (if (and
+                ;;containing-sexp              ;; We are buggy at toplevel :-(
+                parse-data)
+               (progn
+                 (setcar parse-data pre-indent-point)
+                 (setcar (cdr parse-data) state)
+                 (or (nth 2 parse-data)
+                     (setcar (cddr parse-data) start))
+                 ;; Before this point: end of statement
+                 (setq old-indent (nth 3 parse-data))))
+           (cond ((get-text-property (point) 'indentable)
+                  ;; indent to "after" the surrounding open
+                  ;; (same offset as `cperl-beautify-regexp-piece'),
+                  ;; skip blanks if we do not close the expression.
+                  (setq delim          ; We do not close the expression
+                        (get-text-property
+                         (cperl-1+ char-after-pos) 'indentable)
+                        p (1+ (cperl-beginning-of-property
+                               (point) 'indentable))
+                        is-block       ; misused for: preceeding line in REx
+                        (save-excursion ; Find preceeding line
+                          (cperl-backward-to-noncomment p)
+                          (beginning-of-line)
+                          (if (<= (point) p)
+                              (progn   ; get indent from the first line
+                                (goto-char p)
+                                (skip-chars-forward " \t")
+                                (if (memq (char-after (point))
+                                          (append "#\n" nil))
+                                    nil ; Can't use intentation of this line...
+                                  (point)))
+                            (skip-chars-forward " \t")
+                            (point)))
+                        prop (parse-partial-sexp p char-after-pos))
+                  (cond ((not delim)   ; End the REx, ignore is-block
+                         (vector 'indentable 'terminator p is-block))
+                        (is-block      ; Indent w.r.t. preceeding line
+                         (vector 'indentable 'cont-line char-after-pos
+                                 is-block char-after p))
+                        (t             ; No preceeding line...
+                         (vector 'indentable 'first-line p))))
+                 ((get-text-property char-after-pos 'REx-part2)
+                  (vector 'REx-part2 (point)))
+                 ((nth 3 state)
+                  [comment])
+                 ((nth 4 state)
+                  [string])
+                 ;; XXXX Do we need to special-case this?
+                 ((null containing-sexp)
+                  ;; Line is at top level.  May be data or function definition,
+                  ;; or may be function argument declaration.
+                  ;; Indent like the previous top level line
+                  ;; unless that ends in a closeparen without semicolon,
+                  ;; in which case this line is the first argument decl.
+                  (skip-chars-forward " \t")
+                  (cperl-backward-to-noncomment (or old-indent (point-min)))
+                  (setq state
+                        (or (bobp)
+                            (eq (point) old-indent) ; old-indent was at comment
+                            (eq (preceding-char) ?\;)
+                            ;;  Had ?\) too
+                            (and (eq (preceding-char) ?\})
+                                 (cperl-after-block-and-statement-beg
+                                  (point-min))) ; Was start - too close
+                            (memq char-after (append ")]}" nil))
+                            (and (eq (preceding-char) ?\:) ; label
                                  (progn
                                    (forward-sexp -1)
                                  (progn
                                    (forward-sexp -1)
-                                   (looking-at "sub\\>"))
-                                 (setq old-indent
-                                       (nth 1
-                                            (parse-partial-sexp
-                                             (save-excursion (beginning-of-line) (point))
-                                             (point)))))
-                            (progn (goto-char (1+ old-indent))
-                                   (skip-chars-forward " \t")
-                                   (current-column))
-                          ;; Get initial indentation of the line we are on.
-                          ;; If line starts with label, calculate label indentation
-                          (if (save-excursion
-                                (beginning-of-line)
-                                (looking-at "[ \t]*[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*:[^:]"))
-                              (if (> (current-indentation) cperl-min-label-indent)
-                                  (- (current-indentation) cperl-label-offset)
-                                ;; Do not move `parse-data', this should
-                                ;; be quick anyway:
-                                (cperl-calculate-indent))
-                            (current-indentation))))))))))))))
-
-;; (defvar cperl-indent-alist
-;;   '((string nil)
-;;     (comment nil)
-;;     (toplevel 0)
-;;     (toplevel-after-parenth 2)
-;;     (toplevel-continued 2)
-;;     (expression 1))
-;;   "Alist of indentation rules for CPerl mode.
-;; The values mean:
-;;   nil: do not indent;
-;;   number: add this amount of indentation.
-
-;; Not finished, not used.")
-
-;; (defun cperl-where-am-i (&optional parse-start start-state)
-;;   ;; Unfinished
-;;   "Return a list of lists ((TYPE POS)...) of good points before the point.
-;; ;; POS may be nil if it is hard to find, say, when TYPE is `string' or `comment'.
-
-;; ;; Not finished, not used."
-;;   (save-excursion
-;;     (let* ((start-point (point))
-;;        (s-s (cperl-get-state))
-;;        (start (nth 0 s-s))
-;;        (state (nth 1 s-s))
-;;        (prestart (nth 3 s-s))
-;;        (containing-sexp (car (cdr state)))
-;;        (case-fold-search nil)
-;;        (res (list (list 'parse-start start) (list 'parse-prestart prestart))))
-;;       (cond ((nth 3 state)          ; In string
-;;          (setq res (cons (list 'string nil (nth 3 state)) res))) ; What started string
-;;         ((nth 4 state)              ; In comment
-;;          (setq res (cons '(comment) res)))
-;;         ((null containing-sexp)
-;;          ;; Line is at top level.
-;;          ;; Indent like the previous top level line
-;;          ;; unless that ends in a closeparen without semicolon,
-;;          ;; in which case this line is the first argument decl.
-;;          (cperl-backward-to-noncomment (or parse-start (point-min)))
-;;          ;;(skip-chars-backward " \t\f\n")
-;;          (cond
-;;           ((or (bobp)
-;;                (memq (preceding-char) (append ";}" nil)))
-;;            (setq res (cons (list 'toplevel start) res)))
-;;           ((eq (preceding-char) ?\) )
-;;            (setq res (cons (list 'toplevel-after-parenth start) res)))
-;;           (t
-;;            (setq res (cons (list 'toplevel-continued start) res)))))
-;;         ((/= (char-after containing-sexp) ?{)
-;;          ;; line is expression, not statement:
-;;          ;; indent to just after the surrounding open.
-;;          ;; skip blanks if we do not close the expression.
-;;          (setq res (cons (list 'expression-blanks
-;;                                (progn
-;;                                  (goto-char (1+ containing-sexp))
-;;                                  (or (looking-at "[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)")
-;;                                      (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
-;;                                  (point)))
-;;                          (cons (list 'expression containing-sexp) res))))
-;;         ((progn
-;;            ;; Containing-expr starts with \{.  Check whether it is a hash.
-;;            (goto-char containing-sexp)
-;;            (not (cperl-block-p)))
-;;          (setq res (cons (list 'expression-blanks
-;;                                (progn
-;;                                  (goto-char (1+ containing-sexp))
-;;                                  (or (looking-at "[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)")
-;;                                      (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
-;;                                  (point)))
-;;                          (cons (list 'expression containing-sexp) res))))
-;;         (t
-;;          ;; Statement level.
-;;          (setq res (cons (list 'in-block containing-sexp) res))
-;;          ;; Is it a continuation or a new statement?
-;;          ;; Find previous non-comment character.
-;;          (cperl-backward-to-noncomment containing-sexp)
-;;          ;; Back up over label lines, since they don't
-;;          ;; affect whether our line is a continuation.
-;;          ;; Back up comma-delimited lines too ?????
-;;          (while (or (eq (preceding-char) ?\,)
-;;                     (save-excursion (cperl-after-label)))
-;;            (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\,)
-;;                ;; Will go to beginning of line, essentially
-;;                ;; Will ignore embedded sexpr XXXX.
-;;                (cperl-backward-to-start-of-continued-exp containing-sexp))
-;;            (beginning-of-line)
-;;            (cperl-backward-to-noncomment containing-sexp))
-;;          ;; Now we get the answer.
-;;          (if (not (memq (preceding-char) (append ";}{" '(nil)))) ; Was ?\,
-;;              ;; This line is continuation of preceding line's statement.
-;;              (list (list 'statement-continued containing-sexp))
-;;            ;; This line starts a new statement.
-;;            ;; Position following last unclosed open.
-;;            (goto-char containing-sexp)
-;;            ;; Is line first statement after an open-brace?
-;;            (or
-;;             ;; If no, find that first statement and indent like
-;;             ;; it.  If the first statement begins with label, do
-;;             ;; not believe when the indentation of the label is too
-;;             ;; small.
-;;             (save-excursion
-;;               (forward-char 1)
-;;               (let ((colon-line-end 0))
-;;                 (while (progn (skip-chars-forward " \t\n" start-point)
-;;                               (and (< (point) start-point)
-;;                                    (looking-at
-;;                                     "#\\|[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*:[^:]")))
-;;                   ;; Skip over comments and labels following openbrace.
-;;                   (cond ((= (following-char) ?\#)
-;;                          ;;(forward-line 1)
-;;                          (end-of-line))
-;;                         ;; label:
-;;                         (t
-;;                          (save-excursion (end-of-line)
-;;                                          (setq colon-line-end (point)))
-;;                          (search-forward ":"))))
-;;                 ;; Now at the point, after label, or at start
-;;                 ;; of first statement in the block.
-;;                 (and (< (point) start-point)
-;;                      (if (> colon-line-end (point))
-;;                          ;; Before statement after label
-;;                          (if (> (current-indentation)
-;;                                 cperl-min-label-indent)
-;;                              (list (list 'label-in-block (point)))
-;;                            ;; Do not believe: `max' is involved
-;;                            (list
-;;                             (list 'label-in-block-min-indent (point))))
-;;                        ;; Before statement
-;;                        (list 'statement-in-block (point))))))
-;;             ;; If no previous statement,
-;;             ;; indent it relative to line brace is on.
-;;             ;; For open brace in column zero, don't let statement
-;;             ;; start there too.  If cperl-indent-level is zero,
-;;             ;; use cperl-brace-offset + cperl-continued-statement-offset instead.
-;;             ;; For open-braces not the first thing in a line,
-;;             ;; add in cperl-brace-imaginary-offset.
-
-;;             ;; If first thing on a line:  ?????
-;;             (+ (if (and (bolp) (zerop cperl-indent-level))
-;;                    (+ cperl-brace-offset cperl-continued-statement-offset)
-;;                  cperl-indent-level)
-;;                ;; Move back over whitespace before the openbrace.
-;;                ;; If openbrace is not first nonwhite thing on the line,
-;;                ;; add the cperl-brace-imaginary-offset.
-;;                (progn (skip-chars-backward " \t")
-;;                       (if (bolp) 0 cperl-brace-imaginary-offset))
-;;                ;; If the openbrace is preceded by a parenthesized exp,
-;;                ;; move to the beginning of that;
-;;                ;; possibly a different line
-;;                (progn
-;;                  (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\))
-;;                      (forward-sexp -1))
-;;                  ;; Get initial indentation of the line we are on.
-;;                  ;; If line starts with label, calculate label indentation
-;;                  (if (save-excursion
-;;                        (beginning-of-line)
-;;                        (looking-at "[ \t]*[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*:[^:]"))
-;;                      (if (> (current-indentation) cperl-min-label-indent)
-;;                          (- (current-indentation) cperl-label-offset)
-;;                        (cperl-calculate-indent))
-;;                    (current-indentation))))))))
-;;       res)))
+                                   (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+                                   (looking-at "[ \t]*[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*[ \t]*:")))
+                            (get-text-property (point) 'first-format-line)))
+                  
+                  ;; Look at previous line that's at column 0
+                  ;; to determine whether we are in top-level decls
+                  ;; or function's arg decls.  Set basic-indent accordingly.
+                  ;; Now add a little if this is a continuation line.
+                  (and state
+                       parse-data
+                       (not (eq char-after ?\C-j))
+                       (setcdr (cddr parse-data)
+                               (list pre-indent-point)))
+                  (vector 'toplevel start char-after state (nth 2 s-s)))
+                 ((not
+                   (or (setq is-block
+                             (and (setq delim (= (char-after containing-sexp) ?{))
+                                  (save-excursion ; Is it a hash?
+                                    (goto-char containing-sexp)
+                                    (cperl-block-p))))
+                       cperl-indent-parens-as-block))
+                  ;; group is an expression, not a block:
+                  ;; indent to just after the surrounding open parens,
+                  ;; skip blanks if we do not close the expression.
+                  (goto-char (1+ containing-sexp))
+                  (or (memq char-after
+                            (append (if delim "}" ")]}") nil))
+                      (looking-at "[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)")
+                      (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
+                  (setq old-indent (point)) ; delim=is-brace
+                  (vector 'in-parens char-after (point) delim containing-sexp))
+                 (t
+                  ;; Statement level.  Is it a continuation or a new statement?
+                  ;; Find previous non-comment character.
+                  (goto-char pre-indent-point) ; Skip one level of POD/etc
+                  (cperl-backward-to-noncomment containing-sexp)
+                  ;; Back up over label lines, since they don't
+                  ;; affect whether our line is a continuation.
+                  ;; (Had \, too)
+                  (while;;(or (eq (preceding-char) ?\,)
+                      (and (eq (preceding-char) ?:)
+                           (or;;(eq (char-after (- (point) 2)) ?\') ; ????
+                            (memq (char-syntax (char-after (- (point) 2)))
+                                  '(?w ?_))))
+                    ;;)
+                    ;; This is always FALSE?
+                    (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\,)
+                        ;; Will go to beginning of line, essentially.
+                        ;; Will ignore embedded sexpr XXXX.
+                        (cperl-backward-to-start-of-continued-exp containing-sexp))
+                    (beginning-of-line)
+                    (cperl-backward-to-noncomment containing-sexp))
+                  ;; Now we get non-label preceeding the indent point
+                  (if (not (or (eq (1- (point)) containing-sexp)
+                               (memq (preceding-char)
+                                     (append (if is-block " ;{" " ,;{") '(nil)))
+                               (and (eq (preceding-char) ?\})
+                                    (cperl-after-block-and-statement-beg
+                                     containing-sexp))
+                               (get-text-property (point) 'first-format-line)))
+                      ;; This line is continuation of preceding line's statement;
+                      ;; indent  `cperl-continued-statement-offset'  more than the
+                      ;; previous line of the statement.
+                      ;;
+                      ;; There might be a label on this line, just
+                      ;; consider it bad style and ignore it.
+                      (progn
+                        (cperl-backward-to-start-of-continued-exp containing-sexp)
+                        (vector 'continuation (point) char-after is-block delim))
+                    ;; This line starts a new statement.
+                    ;; Position following last unclosed open brace
+                    (goto-char containing-sexp)
+                    ;; Is line first statement after an open-brace?
+                    (or
+                     ;; If no, find that first statement and indent like
+                     ;; it.  If the first statement begins with label, do
+                     ;; not believe when the indentation of the label is too
+                     ;; small.
+                     (save-excursion
+                       (forward-char 1)
+                       (let ((colon-line-end 0))
+                         (while
+                             (progn (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
+                                    (looking-at "#\\|[a-zA-Z0-9_$]*:[^:]\\|=[a-zA-Z]"))
+                           ;; Skip over comments and labels following openbrace.
+                           (cond ((= (following-char) ?\#)
+                                  (forward-line 1))
+                                 ((= (following-char) ?\=)
+                                  (goto-char
+                                   (or (next-single-property-change (point) 'in-pod)
+                                       (point-max)))) ; do not loop if no syntaxification
+                                 ;; label:
+                                 (t
+                                  (save-excursion (end-of-line)
+                                                  (setq colon-line-end (point)))
+                                  (search-forward ":"))))
+                         ;; We are at beginning of code (NOT label or comment)
+                         ;; First, the following code counts
+                         ;; if it is before the line we want to indent.
+                         (and (< (point) indent-point)
+                              (vector 'have-prev-sibling (point) colon-line-end
+                                      containing-sexp))))
+                     (progn
+                       ;; If no previous statement,
+                       ;; indent it relative to line brace is on.
+
+                       ;; For open-braces not the first thing in a line,
+                       ;; add in cperl-brace-imaginary-offset.
+
+                       ;; If first thing on a line:  ?????
+                       ;; Move back over whitespace before the openbrace.
+                       (setq           ; brace first thing on a line
+                        old-indent (progn (skip-chars-backward " \t") (bolp)))
+                       ;; Should we indent w.r.t. earlier than start?
+                       ;; Move to start of control group, possibly on a different line
+                       (or cperl-indent-wrt-brace
+                           (cperl-backward-to-noncomment (point-min)))
+                       ;; If the openbrace is preceded by a parenthesized exp,
+                       ;; move to the beginning of that;
+                       (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\))
+                           (progn
+                             (forward-sexp -1)
+                             (cperl-backward-to-noncomment (point-min))))
+                       ;; In the case it starts a subroutine, indent with
+                       ;; respect to `sub', not with respect to the
+                       ;; first thing on the line, say in the case of
+                       ;; anonymous sub in a hash.
+                       (if (and;; Is it a sub in group starting on this line?
+                            (cond ((get-text-property (point) 'attrib-group)
+                                   (goto-char (cperl-beginning-of-property
+                                               (point) 'attrib-group)))
+                                  ((eq (preceding-char) ?b)
+                                   (forward-sexp -1)
+                                   (looking-at "sub\\>")))
+                            (setq p (nth 1 ; start of innermost containing list
+                                         (parse-partial-sexp
+                                          (save-excursion (beginning-of-line)
+                                                          (point))
+                                          (point)))))
+                           (progn
+                             (goto-char (1+ p)) ; enclosing block on the same line
+                             (skip-chars-forward " \t")
+                             (vector 'code-start-in-block containing-sexp char-after
+                                     (and delim (not is-block)) ; is a HASH
+                                     old-indent ; brace first thing on a line
+                                     t (point) ; have something before...
+                                     )
+                             ;;(current-column)
+                             )
+                         ;; Get initial indentation of the line we are on.
+                         ;; If line starts with label, calculate label indentation
+                         (vector 'code-start-in-block containing-sexp char-after
+                                 (and delim (not is-block)) ; is a HASH
+                                 old-indent ; brace first thing on a line
+                                 nil (point) ; nothing interesting before
+                                 ))))))))))))))
+
+(defvar cperl-indent-rules-alist
+  '((pod nil)                          ; via `syntax-type' property
+    (here-doc nil)                     ; via `syntax-type' property
+    (here-doc-delim nil)               ; via `syntax-type' property
+    (format nil)                       ; via `syntax-type' property
+    (in-pod nil)                       ; via `in-pod' property
+    (comment-special:at-beginning-of-line nil)
+    (string t)
+    (comment nil))
+  "Alist of indentation rules for CPerl mode.
+The values mean:
+  nil: do not indent;
+  number: add this amount of indentation.
+
+Not finished.")
+
+(defun cperl-calculate-indent (&optional parse-data) ; was parse-start
+  "Return appropriate indentation for current line as Perl code.
+In usual case returns an integer: the column to indent to.
+Returns nil if line starts inside a string, t if in a comment.
+
+Will not correct the indentation for labels, but will correct it for braces
+and closing parentheses and brackets."
+  ;; This code is still a broken architecture: in some cases we need to
+  ;; compensate for some modifications which `cperl-indent-line' will add later
+  (save-excursion
+    (let ((i (cperl-sniff-for-indent parse-data)) what p)
+      (cond
+       ;;((or (null i) (eq i t) (numberp i))
+       ;;  i)
+       ((vectorp i)
+       (setq what (assoc (elt i 0) cperl-indent-rules-alist))
+       (cond
+        (what (cadr what))             ; Load from table
+        ;;
+        ;; Indenters for regular expressions with //x and qw()
+        ;;
+        ((eq 'REx-part2 (elt i 0)) ;; [self start] start of /REP in s//REP/x
+         (goto-char (elt i 1))
+         (condition-case nil   ; Use indentation of the 1st part
+             (forward-sexp -1))
+         (current-column))
+        ((eq 'indentable (elt i 0))    ; Indenter for REGEXP qw() etc
+         (cond                ;;; [indentable terminator start-pos is-block]
+          ((eq 'terminator (elt i 1)) ; Lone terminator of "indentable string"
+           (goto-char (elt i 2))       ; After opening parens
+           (1- (current-column)))
+          ((eq 'first-line (elt i 1)); [indentable first-line start-pos]
+           (goto-char (elt i 2))
+           (+ (or cperl-regexp-indent-step cperl-indent-level)
+              -1
+              (current-column)))
+          ((eq 'cont-line (elt i 1)); [indentable cont-line pos prev-pos first-char start-pos]
+           ;; Indent as the level after closing parens
+           (goto-char (elt i 2))       ; indent line
+           (skip-chars-forward " \t)") ; Skip closing parens
+           (setq p (point))
+           (goto-char (elt i 3))       ; previous line
+           (skip-chars-forward " \t)") ; Skip closing parens
+           ;; Number of parens in between:
+           (setq p (nth 0 (parse-partial-sexp (point) p))
+                 what (elt i 4))       ; First char on current line
+           (goto-char (elt i 3))       ; previous line
+           (+ (* p (or cperl-regexp-indent-step cperl-indent-level))
+              (cond ((eq what ?\) )
+                     (- cperl-close-paren-offset)) ; compensate
+                    ((eq what ?\| )
+                     (- (or cperl-regexp-indent-step cperl-indent-level)))
+                    (t 0))
+              (if (eq (following-char) ?\| )
+                  (or cperl-regexp-indent-step cperl-indent-level)
+                0)
+              (current-column)))
+          (t
+           (error "Unrecognized value of indent: %s" i))))
+        ;;
+        ;; Indenter for stuff at toplevel
+        ;;
+        ((eq 'toplevel (elt i 0)) ;; [toplevel start char-after state immed-after-block]
+         (+ (save-excursion            ; To beg-of-defun, or end of last sexp
+              (goto-char (elt i 1))    ; start = Good place to start parsing
+              (- (current-indentation) ; 
+                 (if (elt i 4) cperl-indent-level 0))) ; immed-after-block
+            (if (eq (elt i 2) ?{) cperl-continued-brace-offset 0) ; char-after
+            ;; Look at previous line that's at column 0
+            ;; to determine whether we are in top-level decls
+            ;; or function's arg decls.  Set basic-indent accordingly.
+            ;; Now add a little if this is a continuation line.
+            (if (elt i 3)              ; state (XXX What is the semantic???)
+                0
+              cperl-continued-statement-offset)))
+        ;;
+        ;; Indenter for stuff in "parentheses" (or brackets, braces-as-hash)
+        ;;
+        ((eq 'in-parens (elt i 0))
+         ;; in-parens char-after old-indent-point is-brace containing-sexp
+
+         ;; group is an expression, not a block:
+         ;; indent to just after the surrounding open parens,
+         ;; skip blanks if we do not close the expression.
+         (+ (progn
+              (goto-char (elt i 2))            ; old-indent-point
+              (current-column))
+            (if (and (elt i 3)         ; is-brace
+                     (eq (elt i 1) ?\})) ; char-after
+                ;; Correct indentation of trailing ?\}
+                (+ cperl-indent-level cperl-close-paren-offset)
+              0)))
+        ;;
+        ;; Indenter for continuation lines
+        ;;
+        ((eq 'continuation (elt i 0))
+         ;; [continuation statement-start char-after is-block is-brace]
+         (goto-char (elt i 1))         ; statement-start
+         (+ (if (memq (elt i 2) (append "}])" nil)) ; char-after
+                0                      ; Closing parenth
+              cperl-continued-statement-offset)
+            (if (or (elt i 3)          ; is-block
+                    (not (elt i 4))            ; is-brace
+                    (not (eq (elt i 2) ?\}))) ; char-after
+                0
+              ;; Now it is a hash reference
+              (+ cperl-indent-level cperl-close-paren-offset))
+            ;; Labels do not take :: ...
+            (if (looking-at "\\(\\w\\|_\\)+[ \t]*:")
+                (if (> (current-indentation) cperl-min-label-indent)
+                    (- (current-indentation) cperl-label-offset)
+                  ;; Do not move `parse-data', this should
+                  ;; be quick anyway (this comment comes
+                  ;; from different location):
+                  (cperl-calculate-indent))
+              (current-column))
+            (if (eq (elt i 2) ?\{)     ; char-after
+                cperl-continued-brace-offset 0)))
+        ;;
+        ;; Indenter for lines in a block which are not leading lines
+        ;;
+        ((eq 'have-prev-sibling (elt i 0))
+         ;; [have-prev-sibling sibling-beg colon-line-end block-start]
+         (goto-char (elt i 1))
+         (if (> (elt i 2) (point)) ; colon-line-end; After-label, same line
+             (if (> (current-indentation)
+                    cperl-min-label-indent)
+                 (- (current-indentation) cperl-label-offset)
+               ;; Do not believe: `max' was involved in calculation of indent
+               (+ cperl-indent-level
+                  (save-excursion
+                    (goto-char (elt i 3)) ; block-start
+                    (current-indentation))))
+           (current-column)))
+        ;;
+        ;; Indenter for the first line in a block
+        ;;
+        ((eq 'code-start-in-block (elt i 0))
+         ;;[code-start-in-block before-brace char-after
+         ;; is-a-HASH-ref brace-is-first-thing-on-a-line
+         ;; group-starts-before-start-of-sub start-of-control-group]
+         (goto-char (elt i 1))
+         ;; For open brace in column zero, don't let statement
+         ;; start there too.  If cperl-indent-level=0,
+         ;; use cperl-brace-offset + cperl-continued-statement-offset instead.
+         (+ (if (and (bolp) (zerop cperl-indent-level))
+                (+ cperl-brace-offset cperl-continued-statement-offset)
+              cperl-indent-level)
+            (if (and (elt i 3) ; is-a-HASH-ref
+                     (eq (elt i 2) ?\})) ; char-after: End of a hash reference
+                (+ cperl-indent-level cperl-close-paren-offset)
+              0)
+            ;; Unless openbrace is the first nonwhite thing on the line,
+            ;; add the cperl-brace-imaginary-offset.
+            (if (elt i 4) 0            ; brace-is-first-thing-on-a-line
+              cperl-brace-imaginary-offset)
+            (progn
+              (goto-char (elt i 6))    ; start-of-control-group
+              (if (elt i 5)            ; group-starts-before-start-of-sub
+                  (current-column)
+                ;; Get initial indentation of the line we are on.
+                ;; If line starts with label, calculate label indentation
+                (if (save-excursion
+                      (beginning-of-line)
+                      (looking-at "[ \t]*[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*:[^:]"))
+                    (if (> (current-indentation) cperl-min-label-indent)
+                        (- (current-indentation) cperl-label-offset)
+                      ;; Do not move `parse-data', this should
+                      ;; be quick anyway:
+                      (cperl-calculate-indent))
+                  (current-indentation))))))
+        (t
+         (error "Unrecognized value of indent: %s" i))))
+       (t
+       (error "Got strange value of indent: %s" i))))))
+
+(defvar cperl-indent-alist
+  '((string nil)
+    (comment nil)
+    (toplevel 0)
+    (toplevel-after-parenth 2)
+    (toplevel-continued 2)
+    (expression 1))
+  "Alist of indentation rules for CPerl mode.
+The values mean:
+  nil: do not indent;
+  number: add this amount of indentation.
+
+Not finished, not used.")
+
+(defun cperl-where-am-i (&optional parse-start start-state)
+  ;; Unfinished
+  "Return a list of lists ((TYPE POS)...) of good points before the point.
+POS may be nil if it is hard to find, say, when TYPE is `string' or `comment'.
+
+Not finished, not used."
+  (save-excursion
+    (let* ((start-point (point)) unused
+          (s-s (cperl-get-state))
+          (start (nth 0 s-s))
+          (state (nth 1 s-s))
+          (prestart (nth 3 s-s))
+          (containing-sexp (car (cdr state)))
+          (case-fold-search nil)
+          (res (list (list 'parse-start start) (list 'parse-prestart prestart))))
+      (cond ((nth 3 state)             ; In string
+            (setq res (cons (list 'string nil (nth 3 state)) res))) ; What started string
+           ((nth 4 state)              ; In comment
+            (setq res (cons '(comment) res)))
+           ((null containing-sexp)
+            ;; Line is at top level.
+            ;; Indent like the previous top level line
+            ;; unless that ends in a closeparen without semicolon,
+            ;; in which case this line is the first argument decl.
+            (cperl-backward-to-noncomment (or parse-start (point-min)))
+            ;;(skip-chars-backward " \t\f\n")
+            (cond
+             ((or (bobp)
+                  (memq (preceding-char) (append ";}" nil)))
+              (setq res (cons (list 'toplevel start) res)))
+             ((eq (preceding-char) ?\) )
+              (setq res (cons (list 'toplevel-after-parenth start) res)))
+             (t
+              (setq res (cons (list 'toplevel-continued start) res)))))
+           ((/= (char-after containing-sexp) ?{)
+            ;; line is expression, not statement:
+            ;; indent to just after the surrounding open.
+            ;; skip blanks if we do not close the expression.
+            (setq res (cons (list 'expression-blanks
+                                  (progn
+                                    (goto-char (1+ containing-sexp))
+                                    (or (looking-at "[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)")
+                                        (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
+                                    (point)))
+                            (cons (list 'expression containing-sexp) res))))
+           ((progn
+              ;; Containing-expr starts with \{.  Check whether it is a hash.
+              (goto-char containing-sexp)
+              (not (cperl-block-p)))
+            (setq res (cons (list 'expression-blanks
+                                  (progn
+                                    (goto-char (1+ containing-sexp))
+                                    (or (looking-at "[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)")
+                                        (skip-chars-forward " \t"))
+                                    (point)))
+                            (cons (list 'expression containing-sexp) res))))
+           (t
+            ;; Statement level.
+            (setq res (cons (list 'in-block containing-sexp) res))
+            ;; Is it a continuation or a new statement?
+            ;; Find previous non-comment character.
+            (cperl-backward-to-noncomment containing-sexp)
+            ;; Back up over label lines, since they don't
+            ;; affect whether our line is a continuation.
+            ;; Back up comma-delimited lines too ?????
+            (while (or (eq (preceding-char) ?\,)
+                       (save-excursion (cperl-after-label)))
+              (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\,)
+                  ;; Will go to beginning of line, essentially
+                  ;; Will ignore embedded sexpr XXXX.
+                  (cperl-backward-to-start-of-continued-exp containing-sexp))
+              (beginning-of-line)
+              (cperl-backward-to-noncomment containing-sexp))
+            ;; Now we get the answer.
+            (if (not (memq (preceding-char) (append ";}{" '(nil)))) ; Was ?\,
+                ;; This line is continuation of preceding line's statement.
+                (list (list 'statement-continued containing-sexp))
+              ;; This line starts a new statement.
+              ;; Position following last unclosed open.
+              (goto-char containing-sexp)
+              ;; Is line first statement after an open-brace?
+              (or
+               ;; If no, find that first statement and indent like
+               ;; it.  If the first statement begins with label, do
+               ;; not believe when the indentation of the label is too
+               ;; small.
+               (save-excursion
+                 (forward-char 1)
+                 (let ((colon-line-end 0))
+                   (while (progn (skip-chars-forward " \t\n" start-point)
+                                 (and (< (point) start-point)
+                                      (looking-at
+                                       "#\\|[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*:[^:]")))
+                     ;; Skip over comments and labels following openbrace.
+                     (cond ((= (following-char) ?\#)
+                            ;;(forward-line 1)
+                            (end-of-line))
+                           ;; label:
+                           (t
+                            (save-excursion (end-of-line)
+                                            (setq colon-line-end (point)))
+                            (search-forward ":"))))
+                   ;; Now at the point, after label, or at start
+                   ;; of first statement in the block.
+                   (and (< (point) start-point)
+                        (if (> colon-line-end (point))
+                            ;; Before statement after label
+                            (if (> (current-indentation)
+                                   cperl-min-label-indent)
+                                (list (list 'label-in-block (point)))
+                              ;; Do not believe: `max' is involved
+                              (list
+                               (list 'label-in-block-min-indent (point))))
+                          ;; Before statement
+                          (list 'statement-in-block (point))))))
+               ;; If no previous statement,
+               ;; indent it relative to line brace is on.
+               ;; For open brace in column zero, don't let statement
+               ;; start there too.  If cperl-indent-level is zero,
+               ;; use cperl-brace-offset + cperl-continued-statement-offset instead.
+               ;; For open-braces not the first thing in a line,
+               ;; add in cperl-brace-imaginary-offset.
+
+               ;; If first thing on a line:  ?????
+               (setq unused            ; This is not finished...
+               (+ (if (and (bolp) (zerop cperl-indent-level))
+                      (+ cperl-brace-offset cperl-continued-statement-offset)
+                    cperl-indent-level)
+                  ;; Move back over whitespace before the openbrace.
+                  ;; If openbrace is not first nonwhite thing on the line,
+                  ;; add the cperl-brace-imaginary-offset.
+                  (progn (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+                         (if (bolp) 0 cperl-brace-imaginary-offset))
+                  ;; If the openbrace is preceded by a parenthesized exp,
+                  ;; move to the beginning of that;
+                  ;; possibly a different line
+                  (progn
+                    (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\))
+                        (forward-sexp -1))
+                    ;; Get initial indentation of the line we are on.
+                    ;; If line starts with label, calculate label indentation
+                    (if (save-excursion
+                          (beginning-of-line)
+                          (looking-at "[ \t]*[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*:[^:]"))
+                        (if (> (current-indentation) cperl-min-label-indent)
+                            (- (current-indentation) cperl-label-offset)
+                          (cperl-calculate-indent))
+                      (current-indentation)))))))))
+      res)))
 
 (defun cperl-calculate-indent-within-comment ()
   "Return the indentation amount for line, assuming that
 
 (defun cperl-calculate-indent-within-comment ()
   "Return the indentation amount for line, assuming that
@@ -2894,14 +3360,22 @@ the current line is to be regarded as part of a block comment."
 
 (defun cperl-to-comment-or-eol ()
   "Go to position before comment on the current line, or to end of line.
 
 (defun cperl-to-comment-or-eol ()
   "Go to position before comment on the current line, or to end of line.
-Returns true if comment is found."
-  (let (state stop-in cpoint (lim (progn (end-of-line) (point))))
+Returns true if comment is found.  In POD will not move the point."
+  ;; If the line is inside other syntax groups (qq-style strings, HERE-docs)
+  ;; then looks for literal # or end-of-line.
+  (let (state stop-in cpoint (lim (progn (end-of-line) (point))) pr e)
+    (or cperl-font-locking
+       (cperl-update-syntaxification lim lim))
     (beginning-of-line)
     (beginning-of-line)
-    (if (or
-        (eq (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type) 'pod)
-        (re-search-forward "\\=[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)" lim t))
+    (if (setq pr (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type))
+       (setq e (next-single-property-change (point) 'syntax-type nil (point-max))))
+    (if (or (eq pr 'pod)
+           (if (or (not e) (> e lim))  ; deep inside a group
+               (re-search-forward "\\=[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)" lim t)))
        (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\#) (progn (backward-char 1) t))
        (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\#) (progn (backward-char 1) t))
-      ;; Else
+      ;; Else - need to do it the hard way
+      (and (and e (<= e lim))
+          (goto-char e))
       (while (not stop-in)
        (setq state (parse-partial-sexp (point) lim nil nil nil t))
                                        ; stop at comment
       (while (not stop-in)
        (setq state (parse-partial-sexp (point) lim nil nil nil t))
                                        ; stop at comment
@@ -2933,17 +3407,11 @@ Returns true if comment is found."
          (setq stop-in t)))            ; Finish
       (nth 4 state))))
 
          (setq stop-in t)))            ; Finish
       (nth 4 state))))
 
-(defsubst cperl-1- (p)
-  (max (point-min) (1- p)))
-
-(defsubst cperl-1+ (p)
-  (min (point-max) (1+ p)))
-
 (defsubst cperl-modify-syntax-type (at how)
   (if (< at (point-max))
       (progn
        (put-text-property at (1+ at) 'syntax-table how)
 (defsubst cperl-modify-syntax-type (at how)
   (if (< at (point-max))
       (progn
        (put-text-property at (1+ at) 'syntax-table how)
-       (put-text-property at (1+ at) 'rear-nonsticky t))))
+       (put-text-property at (1+ at) 'rear-nonsticky '(syntax-table)))))
 
 (defun cperl-protect-defun-start (s e)
   ;; C code looks for "^\\s(" to skip comment backward in "hard" situations
 
 (defun cperl-protect-defun-start (s e)
   ;; C code looks for "^\\s(" to skip comment backward in "hard" situations
@@ -2978,35 +3446,53 @@ Returns true if comment is found."
                         ( ?\{ . ?\} )
                         ( ?\< . ?\> )))
 
                         ( ?\{ . ?\} )
                         ( ?\< . ?\> )))
 
-(defun cperl-forward-re (lim end is-2arg set-st st-l err-l argument
+(defun cperl-cached-syntax-table (st)
+  "Get a syntax table cached in ST, or create and cache into ST a syntax table.
+All the entries of the syntax table are \".\", except for a backslash, which
+is quoting."
+  (if (car-safe st)
+      (car st)
+    (setcar st (make-syntax-table))
+    (setq st (car st))
+    (let ((i 0))
+      (while (< i 256)
+       (modify-syntax-entry i "." st)
+       (setq i (1+ i))))
+    (modify-syntax-entry ?\\ "\\" st)
+    st))
+
+(defun cperl-forward-re (lim end is-2arg st-l err-l argument
                             &optional ostart oend)
                             &optional ostart oend)
-  ;; Works *before* syntax recognition is done
-  ;; May modify syntax-type text property if the situation is too hard
-  (let (b starter ender st i i2 go-forward reset-st)
+"Find the end of a regular expression or a stringish construct (q[] etc).
+The point should be before the starting delimiter.
+
+Goes to LIM if none is found.  If IS-2ARG is non-nil, assumes that it
+is s/// or tr/// like expression.  If END is nil, generates an error
+message if needed.  If SET-ST is non-nil, will use (or generate) a
+cached syntax table in ST-L.  If ERR-L is non-nil, will store the
+error message in its CAR (unless it already contains some error
+message).  ARGUMENT should be the name of the construct (used in error
+messages).  OSTART, OEND may be set in recursive calls when processing
+the second argument of 2ARG construct.
+
+Works *before* syntax recognition is done.  In IS-2ARG situation may
+modify syntax-type text property if the situation is too hard."
+  (let (b starter ender st i i2 go-forward reset-st set-st)
     (skip-chars-forward " \t")
     ;; ender means matching-char matcher.
     (setq b (point)
          starter (if (eobp) 0 (char-after b))
          ender (cdr (assoc starter cperl-starters)))
     ;; What if starter == ?\\  ????
     (skip-chars-forward " \t")
     ;; ender means matching-char matcher.
     (setq b (point)
          starter (if (eobp) 0 (char-after b))
          ender (cdr (assoc starter cperl-starters)))
     ;; What if starter == ?\\  ????
-    (if set-st
-       (if (car st-l)
-           (setq st (car st-l))
-         (setcar st-l (make-syntax-table))
-         (setq i 0 st (car st-l))
-         (while (< i 256)
-           (modify-syntax-entry i "." st)
-           (setq i (1+ i)))
-         (modify-syntax-entry ?\\ "\\" st)))
+    (setq st (cperl-cached-syntax-table st-l))
     (setq set-st t)
     ;; Whether we have an intermediate point
     (setq i nil)
     ;; Prepare the syntax table:
     (setq set-st t)
     ;; Whether we have an intermediate point
     (setq i nil)
     ;; Prepare the syntax table:
-    (and set-st
-        (if (not ender)                ; m/blah/, s/x//, s/x/y/
-            (modify-syntax-entry starter "$" st)
-          (modify-syntax-entry starter (concat "(" (list ender)) st)
-          (modify-syntax-entry ender  (concat ")" (list starter)) st)))
+    (if (not ender)            ; m/blah/, s/x//, s/x/y/
+       (modify-syntax-entry starter "$" st)
+      (modify-syntax-entry starter (concat "(" (list ender)) st)
+      (modify-syntax-entry ender  (concat ")" (list starter)) st))
     (condition-case bb
        (progn
          ;; We use `$' syntax class to find matching stuff, but $$
     (condition-case bb
        (progn
          ;; We use `$' syntax class to find matching stuff, but $$
@@ -3053,7 +3539,7 @@ Returns true if comment is found."
                (modify-syntax-entry starter (if (eq starter ?\\) "\\" ".") st)
                (if ender (modify-syntax-entry ender "." st))
                (setq set-st nil)
                (modify-syntax-entry starter (if (eq starter ?\\) "\\" ".") st)
                (if ender (modify-syntax-entry ender "." st))
                (setq set-st nil)
-               (setq ender (cperl-forward-re lim end nil st-l err-l
+               (setq ender (cperl-forward-re lim end nil st-l err-l
                                              argument starter ender)
                 ender (nth 2 ender)))))
       (error (goto-char lim)
                                              argument starter ender)
                 ender (nth 2 ender)))))
       (error (goto-char lim)
@@ -3078,6 +3564,33 @@ Returns true if comment is found."
     ;; go-forward: has 2 args, and the second part is empty
     (list i i2 ender starter go-forward)))
 
     ;; go-forward: has 2 args, and the second part is empty
     (list i i2 ender starter go-forward)))
 
+(defun cperl-forward-group-in-re (&optional st-l)
+  "Find the end of a group in a REx.
+Return the error message (if any).  Does not work if delimiter is `)'.
+Works before syntax recognition is done."
+  ;; Works *before* syntax recognition is done
+  (or st-l (setq st-l (list nil)))     ; Avoid overwriting '()
+  (let (st b reset-st)
+    (condition-case b
+       (progn
+         (setq st (cperl-cached-syntax-table st-l))
+         (modify-syntax-entry ?\( "()" st)
+         (modify-syntax-entry ?\) ")(" st)
+         (setq reset-st (syntax-table))
+         (set-syntax-table st)
+         (forward-sexp 1))
+      (error (message
+             "cperl-forward-group-in-re: error %s" b)))
+    ;; now restore the initial state
+    (if st
+       (progn
+         (modify-syntax-entry ?\( "." st)
+         (modify-syntax-entry ?\) "." st)))
+    (if reset-st
+       (set-syntax-table reset-st))
+    b))
+
+
 (defvar font-lock-string-face)
 ;;(defvar font-lock-reference-face)
 (defvar font-lock-constant-face)
 (defvar font-lock-string-face)
 ;;(defvar font-lock-reference-face)
 (defvar font-lock-constant-face)
@@ -3103,13 +3616,24 @@ Returns true if comment is found."
 ;;     d) 'Q'uoted string:
 ;;             part between markers inclusive is marked `syntax-type' ==> `string'
 ;;             part between `q' and the first marker is marked `syntax-type' ==> `prestring'
 ;;     d) 'Q'uoted string:
 ;;             part between markers inclusive is marked `syntax-type' ==> `string'
 ;;             part between `q' and the first marker is marked `syntax-type' ==> `prestring'
+;;             second part of s///e is marked `syntax-type' ==> `multiline'
+;;     e) Attributes of subroutines: `attrib-group' ==> t
+;;             (or 0 if declaration); up to `{' or ';': `syntax-type' => `sub-decl'.
+;;      f) Multiline my/our declaration lists etc: `syntax-type' => `multiline'
+
+;;; In addition, some parts of RExes may be marked as `REx-interpolated'
+;;; (value: 0 in //o, 1 if "interpolated variable" is whole-REx, t otherwise).
 
 (defun cperl-unwind-to-safe (before &optional end)
   ;; if BEFORE, go to the previous start-of-line on each step of unwinding
   (let ((pos (point)) opos)
 
 (defun cperl-unwind-to-safe (before &optional end)
   ;; if BEFORE, go to the previous start-of-line on each step of unwinding
   (let ((pos (point)) opos)
-    (setq opos pos)
-    (while (and pos (get-text-property pos 'syntax-type))
-      (setq pos (previous-single-property-change pos 'syntax-type))
+    (while (and pos (progn
+                     (beginning-of-line)
+                     (get-text-property (setq pos (point)) 'syntax-type)))
+      (setq opos pos
+           pos (cperl-beginning-of-property pos 'syntax-type))
+      (if (eq pos (point-min))
+         (setq pos nil))
       (if pos
          (if before
              (progn
       (if pos
          (if before
              (progn
@@ -3126,32 +3650,117 @@ Returns true if comment is found."
     (setq pos (point))
     (if end
        ;; Do the same for end, going small steps
     (setq pos (point))
     (if end
        ;; Do the same for end, going small steps
-       (progn
+       (save-excursion
          (while (and end (get-text-property end 'syntax-type))
            (setq pos end
          (while (and end (get-text-property end 'syntax-type))
            (setq pos end
-                 end (next-single-property-change end 'syntax-type)))
+                 end (next-single-property-change end 'syntax-type nil (point-max)))
+           (if end (progn (goto-char end)
+                          (or (bolp) (forward-line 1))
+                          (setq end (point)))))
          (or end pos)))))
 
          (or end pos)))))
 
+;;; These are needed for byte-compile (at least with v19)
 (defvar cperl-nonoverridable-face)
 (defvar cperl-nonoverridable-face)
+(defvar font-lock-variable-name-face)
 (defvar font-lock-function-name-face)
 (defvar font-lock-function-name-face)
+(defvar font-lock-keyword-face)
+(defvar font-lock-builtin-face)
+(defvar font-lock-type-face)
 (defvar font-lock-comment-face)
 (defvar font-lock-comment-face)
+(defvar font-lock-warning-face)
 
 
-(defun cperl-find-pods-heres (&optional min max non-inter end ignore-max)
+(defun cperl-find-sub-attrs (&optional st-l b-fname e-fname pos)
+  "Syntaxically mark (and fontify) attributes of a subroutine.
+Should be called with the point before leading colon of an attribute."
+  ;; Works *before* syntax recognition is done
+  (or st-l (setq st-l (list nil)))     ; Avoid overwriting '()
+  (let (st b p reset-st after-first (start (point)) start1 end1)
+    (condition-case b
+       (while (looking-at
+               (concat
+                "\\("                  ; 1=optional? colon
+                  ":" cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex ; 2=whitespace/comment?
+                "\\)"
+                (if after-first "?" "")
+                ;; No space between name and paren allowed...
+                "\\(\\sw+\\)"          ; 3=name
+                "\\((\\)?"))           ; 4=optional paren
+         (and (match-beginning 1)
+              (cperl-postpone-fontification
+               (match-beginning 0) (cperl-1+ (match-beginning 0))
+               'face font-lock-constant-face))
+         (setq start1 (match-beginning 3) end1 (match-end 3))
+         (cperl-postpone-fontification start1 end1
+                                       'face font-lock-constant-face)
+         (goto-char end1)              ; end or before `('
+         (if (match-end 4)             ; Have attribute arguments...
+             (progn
+               (if st nil
+                 (setq st (cperl-cached-syntax-table st-l))
+                 (modify-syntax-entry ?\( "()" st)
+                 (modify-syntax-entry ?\) ")(" st))
+               (setq reset-st (syntax-table) p (point))
+               (set-syntax-table st)
+               (forward-sexp 1)
+               (set-syntax-table reset-st)
+               (setq reset-st nil)
+               (cperl-commentify p (point) t))) ; mark as string
+         (forward-comment (buffer-size))
+         (setq after-first t))
+      (error (message
+             "L%d: attribute `%s': %s"
+             (count-lines (point-min) (point))
+             (and start1 end1 (buffer-substring start1 end1)) b)
+            (setq start nil)))
+    (and start
+        (progn
+          (put-text-property start (point)
+                             'attrib-group (if (looking-at "{") t 0))
+          (and pos
+               (< 1 (count-lines (+ 3 pos) (point))) ; end of `sub'
+               ;; Apparently, we do not need `multiline': faces added now
+               (put-text-property (+ 3 pos) (cperl-1+ (point))
+                                  'syntax-type 'sub-decl))
+          (and b-fname                 ; Fontify here: the following condition
+               (cperl-postpone-fontification ; is too hard to determine by
+                b-fname e-fname 'face ; a REx, so do it here
+               (if (looking-at "{")
+                   font-lock-function-name-face
+                 font-lock-variable-name-face)))))
+    ;; now restore the initial state
+    (if st
+       (progn
+         (modify-syntax-entry ?\( "." st)
+         (modify-syntax-entry ?\) "." st)))
+    (if reset-st
+       (set-syntax-table reset-st))))
+
+(defsubst cperl-look-at-leading-count (is-x-REx e)
+  (if (re-search-forward (concat "\\=" (if is-x-REx "[ \t\n]*" "") "[{?+*]")
+                        (1- e) t)      ; return nil on failure, no moving
+      (if (eq ?\{ (preceding-char)) nil
+       (cperl-postpone-fontification
+        (1- (point)) (point)
+        'face font-lock-warning-face))))
+
+;;; Debugging this may require (setq max-specpdl-size 2000)...
+(defun cperl-find-pods-heres (&optional min max non-inter end ignore-max end-of-here-doc)
   "Scans the buffer for hard-to-parse Perl constructions.
 If `cperl-pod-here-fontify' is not-nil after evaluation, will fontify
 the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
 `cperl-here-face'."
   (interactive)
   "Scans the buffer for hard-to-parse Perl constructions.
 If `cperl-pod-here-fontify' is not-nil after evaluation, will fontify
 the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
 `cperl-here-face'."
   (interactive)
 (or min (setq min (point-min)
+ (or min (setq min (point-min)
                cperl-syntax-state nil
                cperl-syntax-done-to min))
   (or max (setq max (point-max)))
   (let* ((cperl-pod-here-fontify (eval cperl-pod-here-fontify)) go tmpend
         face head-face here-face b e bb tag qtag b1 e1 argument i c tail tb
                cperl-syntax-state nil
                cperl-syntax-done-to min))
   (or max (setq max (point-max)))
   (let* ((cperl-pod-here-fontify (eval cperl-pod-here-fontify)) go tmpend
         face head-face here-face b e bb tag qtag b1 e1 argument i c tail tb
-        is-REx is-x-REx REx-comment-start REx-comment-end was-comment i2
+        is-REx is-x-REx REx-subgr-start REx-subgr-end was-subgr i2 hairy-RE
         (case-fold-search nil) (inhibit-read-only t) (buffer-undo-list t)
         (case-fold-search nil) (inhibit-read-only t) (buffer-undo-list t)
-        (modified (buffer-modified-p))
+        (modified (buffer-modified-p)) overshoot is-o-REx
         (after-change-functions nil)
         (after-change-functions nil)
+        (cperl-font-locking t)
         (use-syntax-state (and cperl-syntax-state
                                (>= min (car cperl-syntax-state))))
         (state-point (if use-syntax-state
         (use-syntax-state (and cperl-syntax-state
                                (>= min (car cperl-syntax-state))))
         (state-point (if use-syntax-state
@@ -3162,33 +3771,62 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
         ;; (st-l '(nil)) (err-l '(nil)) ; Would overwrite - propagates from a function call to a function call!
         (st-l (list nil)) (err-l (list nil))
         ;; Somehow font-lock may be not loaded yet...
         ;; (st-l '(nil)) (err-l '(nil)) ; Would overwrite - propagates from a function call to a function call!
         (st-l (list nil)) (err-l (list nil))
         ;; Somehow font-lock may be not loaded yet...
+        ;; (e.g., when building TAGS via command-line call)
         (font-lock-string-face (if (boundp 'font-lock-string-face)
                                    font-lock-string-face
                                  'font-lock-string-face))
         (font-lock-string-face (if (boundp 'font-lock-string-face)
                                    font-lock-string-face
                                  'font-lock-string-face))
-        (font-lock-constant-face (if (boundp 'font-lock-constant-face)
+        (my-cperl-delimiters-face (if (boundp 'font-lock-constant-face)
                                      font-lock-constant-face
                                    'font-lock-constant-face))
                                      font-lock-constant-face
                                    'font-lock-constant-face))
-        (font-lock-function-name-face
+        (my-cperl-REx-spec-char-face   ; [] ^.$ and wrapper-of ({})
          (if (boundp 'font-lock-function-name-face)
              font-lock-function-name-face
            'font-lock-function-name-face))
          (if (boundp 'font-lock-function-name-face)
              font-lock-function-name-face
            'font-lock-function-name-face))
+        (font-lock-variable-name-face  ; interpolated vars and ({})-code
+         (if (boundp 'font-lock-variable-name-face)
+             font-lock-variable-name-face
+           'font-lock-variable-name-face))
+        (font-lock-function-name-face  ; used in `cperl-find-sub-attrs'
+         (if (boundp 'font-lock-function-name-face)
+             font-lock-function-name-face
+           'font-lock-function-name-face))
+        (font-lock-constant-face       ; used in `cperl-find-sub-attrs'
+         (if (boundp 'font-lock-constant-face)
+             font-lock-constant-face
+           'font-lock-constant-face))
+        (my-cperl-REx-0length-face ; 0-length, (?:)etc, non-literal \
+         (if (boundp 'font-lock-builtin-face)
+             font-lock-builtin-face
+           'font-lock-builtin-face))
         (font-lock-comment-face
          (if (boundp 'font-lock-comment-face)
              font-lock-comment-face
            'font-lock-comment-face))
         (font-lock-comment-face
          (if (boundp 'font-lock-comment-face)
              font-lock-comment-face
            'font-lock-comment-face))
-        (cperl-nonoverridable-face
+        (font-lock-warning-face
+         (if (boundp 'font-lock-warning-face)
+             font-lock-warning-face
+           'font-lock-warning-face))
+        (my-cperl-REx-ctl-face         ; (|)
+         (if (boundp 'font-lock-keyword-face)
+             font-lock-keyword-face
+           'font-lock-keyword-face))
+        (my-cperl-REx-modifiers-face   ; //gims
          (if (boundp 'cperl-nonoverridable-face)
              cperl-nonoverridable-face
          (if (boundp 'cperl-nonoverridable-face)
              cperl-nonoverridable-face
-           'cperl-nonoverridable))
+           'cperl-nonoverridable-face))
+        (my-cperl-REx-length1-face     ; length=1 escaped chars, POSIX classes
+         (if (boundp 'font-lock-type-face)
+             font-lock-type-face
+           'font-lock-type-face))
         (stop-point (if ignore-max
                         (point-max)
                       max))
         (search
          (concat
         (stop-point (if ignore-max
                         (point-max)
                       max))
         (search
          (concat
-          "\\(\\`\n?\\|^\n\\)="
+          "\\(\\`\n?\\|^\n\\)="        ; POD
           "\\|"
           ;; One extra () before this:
           "\\|"
           ;; One extra () before this:
-          "<<"
+          "<<"                         ; HERE-DOC
           "\\("                        ; 1 + 1
           ;; First variant "BLAH" or just ``.
           "[ \t]*"                     ; Yes, whitespace is allowed!
           "\\("                        ; 1 + 1
           ;; First variant "BLAH" or just ``.
           "[ \t]*"                     ; Yes, whitespace is allowed!
@@ -3204,36 +3842,44 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
           "\\)"
           "\\|"
           ;; 1+6 extra () before this:
           "\\)"
           "\\|"
           ;; 1+6 extra () before this:
-          "^[ \t]*\\(format\\)[ \t]*\\([a-zA-Z0-9_]+\\)?[ \t]*=[ \t]*$"
+          "^[ \t]*\\(format\\)[ \t]*\\([a-zA-Z0-9_]+\\)?[ \t]*=[ \t]*$" ;FRMAT
           (if cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
               (concat
                "\\|"
                ;; 1+6+2=9 extra () before this:
           (if cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
               (concat
                "\\|"
                ;; 1+6+2=9 extra () before this:
-               "\\<\\(q[wxqr]?\\|[msy]\\|tr\\)\\>"
+               "\\<\\(q[wxqr]?\\|[msy]\\|tr\\)\\>" ; QUOTED CONSTRUCT
                "\\|"
                ;; 1+6+2+1=10 extra () before this:
                "\\([?/<]\\)"   ; /blah/ or ?blah? or <file*glob>
                "\\|"
                "\\|"
                ;; 1+6+2+1=10 extra () before this:
                "\\([?/<]\\)"   ; /blah/ or ?blah? or <file*glob>
                "\\|"
-               ;; 1+6+2+1+1=11 extra () before this:
-               "\\<sub\\>[ \t]*\\([a-zA-Z_:'0-9]+[ \t]*\\)?\\(([^()]*)\\)"
+               ;; 1+6+2+1+1=11 extra () before this
+               "\\<sub\\>"             ;  sub with proto/attr
+               "\\("
+                  cperl-white-and-comment-rex
+                  "\\(::[a-zA-Z_:'0-9]*\\|[a-zA-Z_'][a-zA-Z_:'0-9]*\\)\\)?" ; name
+               "\\("
+                  cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex
+                  "\\(([^()]*)\\|:[^:]\\)\\)" ; prototype or attribute start
                "\\|"
                "\\|"
-               ;; 1+6+2+1+1+2=13 extra () before this:
-               "\\$\\(['{]\\)"
+               ;; 1+6+2+1+1+6=17 extra () before this:
+               "\\$\\(['{]\\)"         ; $' or ${foo}
                "\\|"
                "\\|"
-               ;; 1+6+2+1+1+2+1=14 extra () before this:
+               ;; 1+6+2+1+1+6+1=18 extra () before this (old pack'var syntax;
+               ;; we do not support intervening comments...):
                "\\(\\<sub[ \t\n\f]+\\|[&*$@%]\\)[a-zA-Z0-9_]*'"
                "\\(\\<sub[ \t\n\f]+\\|[&*$@%]\\)[a-zA-Z0-9_]*'"
-               ;; 1+6+2+1+1+2+1+1=15 extra () before this:
+               ;; 1+6+2+1+1+6+1+1=19 extra () before this:
                "\\|"
                "\\|"
-               "__\\(END\\|DATA\\)__"
-               ;; 1+6+2+1+1+2+1+1+1=16 extra () before this:
+               "__\\(END\\|DATA\\)__"  ; __END__ or __DATA__
+               ;; 1+6+2+1+1+6+1+1+1=20 extra () before this:
                "\\|"
                "\\|"
-               "\\\\\\(['`\"($]\\)")
+               "\\\\\\(['`\"($]\\)")   ; BACKWACKED something-hairy
             ""))))
     (unwind-protect
        (progn
          (save-excursion
            (or non-inter
                (message "Scanning for \"hard\" Perl constructions..."))
             ""))))
     (unwind-protect
        (progn
          (save-excursion
            (or non-inter
                (message "Scanning for \"hard\" Perl constructions..."))
+           ;;(message "find: %s --> %s" min max)
            (and cperl-pod-here-fontify
                 ;; We had evals here, do not know why...
                 (setq face cperl-pod-face
            (and cperl-pod-here-fontify
                 ;; We had evals here, do not know why...
                 (setq face cperl-pod-face
@@ -3241,16 +3887,22 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                       here-face cperl-here-face))
            (remove-text-properties min max
                                    '(syntax-type t in-pod t syntax-table t
                       here-face cperl-here-face))
            (remove-text-properties min max
                                    '(syntax-type t in-pod t syntax-table t
+                                                 attrib-group t
+                                                 REx-interpolated t
                                                  cperl-postpone t
                                                  syntax-subtype t
                                                  rear-nonsticky t
                                                  cperl-postpone t
                                                  syntax-subtype t
                                                  rear-nonsticky t
+                                                 front-sticky t
                                                  here-doc-group t
                                                  first-format-line t
                                                  here-doc-group t
                                                  first-format-line t
+                                                 REx-part2 t
                                                  indentable t))
            ;; Need to remove face as well...
            (goto-char min)
            (and (eq system-type 'emx)
                                                  indentable t))
            ;; Need to remove face as well...
            (goto-char min)
            (and (eq system-type 'emx)
-                (looking-at "extproc[ \t]") ; Analogue of #!
+                (eq (point) 1)
+                (let ((case-fold-search t))
+                  (looking-at "extproc[ \t]")) ; Analogue of #!
                 (cperl-commentify min
                                   (save-excursion (end-of-line) (point))
                                   nil))
                 (cperl-commentify min
                                   (save-excursion (end-of-line) (point))
                                   nil))
@@ -3258,11 +3910,38 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                    (< (point) max)
                    (re-search-forward search max t))
              (setq tmpend nil)         ; Valid for most cases
                    (< (point) max)
                    (re-search-forward search max t))
              (setq tmpend nil)         ; Valid for most cases
+             (setq b (match-beginning 0)
+                   state (save-excursion (parse-partial-sexp
+                                          state-point b nil nil state))
+                   state-point b)
              (cond
              (cond
+              ;; 1+6+2+1+1+6=17 extra () before this:
+              ;;    "\\$\\(['{]\\)"
+              ((match-beginning 18) ; $' or ${foo}
+               (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\') ; $'
+                   (progn
+                     (setq b (1- (point))
+                           state (parse-partial-sexp
+                                  state-point (1- b) nil nil state)
+                           state-point (1- b))
+                     (if (nth 3 state) ; in string
+                         (cperl-modify-syntax-type (1- b) cperl-st-punct))
+                     (goto-char (1+ b)))
+                 ;; else: ${
+                 (setq bb (match-beginning 0))
+                 (cperl-modify-syntax-type bb cperl-st-punct)))
+              ;; No processing in strings/comments beyond this point:
+              ((or (nth 3 state) (nth 4 state))
+               t)                      ; Do nothing in comment/string
               ((match-beginning 1)     ; POD section
                ;;  "\\(\\`\n?\\|^\n\\)="
               ((match-beginning 1)     ; POD section
                ;;  "\\(\\`\n?\\|^\n\\)="
-               (if (looking-at "cut\\>")
-                   (if ignore-max
+               (setq b (match-beginning 0)
+                     state (parse-partial-sexp
+                            state-point b nil nil state)
+                     state-point b)
+               (if (or (nth 3 state) (nth 4 state)
+                       (looking-at "cut\\>"))
+                   (if (or (nth 3 state) (nth 4 state) ignore-max)
                        nil             ; Doing a chunk only
                      (message "=cut is not preceded by a POD section")
                      (or (car err-l) (setcar err-l (point))))
                        nil             ; Doing a chunk only
                      (message "=cut is not preceded by a POD section")
                      (or (car err-l) (setcar err-l (point))))
@@ -3288,11 +3967,15 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                       (progn
                         (remove-text-properties
                          max e '(syntax-type t in-pod t syntax-table t
                       (progn
                         (remove-text-properties
                          max e '(syntax-type t in-pod t syntax-table t
+                                             attrib-group t
+                                             REx-interpolated t
                                              cperl-postpone t
                                              syntax-subtype t
                                              here-doc-group t
                                              rear-nonsticky t
                                              cperl-postpone t
                                              syntax-subtype t
                                              here-doc-group t
                                              rear-nonsticky t
+                                             front-sticky t
                                              first-format-line t
                                              first-format-line t
+                                             REx-part2 t
                                              indentable t))
                         (setq tmpend tb)))
                  (put-text-property b e 'in-pod t)
                                              indentable t))
                         (setq tmpend tb)))
                  (put-text-property b e 'in-pod t)
@@ -3335,7 +4018,8 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                  (or (eq e (point-max))
                      (forward-char -1)))) ; Prepare for immediate POD start.
               ;; Here document
                  (or (eq e (point-max))
                      (forward-char -1)))) ; Prepare for immediate POD start.
               ;; Here document
-              ;; We do only one here-per-line
+              ;; We can do many here-per-line;
+              ;; but multiline quote on the same line as <<HERE confuses us...
                ;; ;; One extra () before this:
               ;;"<<"
               ;;  "\\("                        ; 1 + 1
                ;; ;; One extra () before this:
               ;;"<<"
               ;;  "\\("                        ; 1 + 1
@@ -3352,21 +4036,42 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
               ;;    "\\(\\)"           ; To preserve count of pars :-( 6 + 1
               ;;  "\\)"
               ((match-beginning 2)     ; 1 + 1
               ;;    "\\(\\)"           ; To preserve count of pars :-( 6 + 1
               ;;  "\\)"
               ((match-beginning 2)     ; 1 + 1
-               ;; Abort in comment:
-               (setq b (point))
-               (setq state (parse-partial-sexp state-point b nil nil state)
-                     state-point b
+               (setq b (point)
                      tb (match-beginning 0)
                      tb (match-beginning 0)
-                     i (or (nth 3 state) (nth 4 state)))
-               (if i
-                   (setq c t)
-                 (setq c (and
-                          (match-beginning 5)
-                          (not (match-beginning 6)) ; Empty
-                          (looking-at
-                           "[ \t]*[=0-9$@%&(]"))))
+                     c (and            ; not HERE-DOC
+                        (match-beginning 5)
+                        (save-match-data
+                          (or (looking-at "[ \t]*(") ; << function_call()
+                              (save-excursion ; 1 << func_name, or $foo << 10
+                                (condition-case nil
+                                    (progn
+                                      (goto-char tb)
+              ;;; XXX What to do: foo <<bar ???
+              ;;; XXX Need to support print {a} <<B ???
+                                      (forward-sexp -1)
+                                      (save-match-data 
+                                       ; $foo << b; $f .= <<B;
+                                       ; ($f+1) << b; a($f) . <<B;
+                                       ; foo 1, <<B; $x{a} <<b;
+                                        (cond
+                                         ((looking-at "[0-9$({]")
+                                          (forward-sexp 1)
+                                          (and
+                                           (looking-at "[ \t]*<<")
+                                           (condition-case nil
+                                               ;; print $foo <<EOF
+                                               (progn
+                                                 (forward-sexp -2)
+                                                 (not
+                                                  (looking-at "\\(printf?\\|system\\|exec\\|sort\\)\\>")))
+                                               (error t)))))))
+                                  (error nil))) ; func(<<EOF)
+                              (and (not (match-beginning 6)) ; Empty
+                                   (looking-at
+                                    "[ \t]*[=0-9$@%&(]"))))))
                (if c                   ; Not here-doc
                    nil                 ; Skip it.
                (if c                   ; Not here-doc
                    nil                 ; Skip it.
+                 (setq c (match-end 2)) ; 1 + 1
                  (if (match-beginning 5) ;4 + 1
                      (setq b1 (match-beginning 5) ; 4 + 1
                            e1 (match-end 5)) ; 4 + 1
                  (if (match-beginning 5) ;4 + 1
                      (setq b1 (match-beginning 5) ; 4 + 1
                            e1 (match-end 5)) ; 4 + 1
@@ -3376,15 +4081,20 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                        qtag (regexp-quote tag))
                  (cond (cperl-pod-here-fontify
                         ;; Highlight the starting delimiter
                        qtag (regexp-quote tag))
                  (cond (cperl-pod-here-fontify
                         ;; Highlight the starting delimiter
-                        (cperl-postpone-fontification b1 e1 'face font-lock-constant-face)
+                        (cperl-postpone-fontification 
+                         b1 e1 'face my-cperl-delimiters-face)
                         (cperl-put-do-not-fontify b1 e1 t)))
                  (forward-line)
                         (cperl-put-do-not-fontify b1 e1 t)))
                  (forward-line)
+                 (setq i (point))
+                 (if end-of-here-doc
+                     (goto-char end-of-here-doc))
                  (setq b (point))
                  ;; We do not search to max, since we may be called from
                  ;; some hook of fontification, and max is random
                  (or (and (re-search-forward (concat "^" qtag "$")
                                              stop-point 'toend)
                  (setq b (point))
                  ;; We do not search to max, since we may be called from
                  ;; some hook of fontification, and max is random
                  (or (and (re-search-forward (concat "^" qtag "$")
                                              stop-point 'toend)
-                          (eq (following-char) ?\n))
+                          ;;;(eq (following-char) ?\n) ; XXXX WHY???
+                          )
                    (progn              ; Pretend we matched at the end
                      (goto-char (point-max))
                      (re-search-forward "\\'")
                    (progn              ; Pretend we matched at the end
                      (goto-char (point-max))
                      (re-search-forward "\\'")
@@ -3393,8 +4103,9 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                  (if cperl-pod-here-fontify
                      (progn
                        ;; Highlight the ending delimiter
                  (if cperl-pod-here-fontify
                      (progn
                        ;; Highlight the ending delimiter
-                       (cperl-postpone-fontification (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0)
-                                                     'face font-lock-constant-face)
+                       (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                        (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0)
+                        'face my-cperl-delimiters-face)
                        (cperl-put-do-not-fontify b (match-end 0) t)
                        ;; Highlight the HERE-DOC
                        (cperl-postpone-fontification b (match-beginning 0)
                        (cperl-put-do-not-fontify b (match-end 0) t)
                        ;; Highlight the HERE-DOC
                        (cperl-postpone-fontification b (match-beginning 0)
@@ -3404,10 +4115,21 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                                     'syntax-type 'here-doc)
                  (put-text-property (match-beginning 0) e1
                                     'syntax-type 'here-doc-delim)
                                     'syntax-type 'here-doc)
                  (put-text-property (match-beginning 0) e1
                                     'syntax-type 'here-doc-delim)
-                 (put-text-property b e1
-                                    'here-doc-group t)
+                 (put-text-property b e1 'here-doc-group t)
+                 ;; This makes insertion at the start of HERE-DOC update
+                 ;; the whole construct:
+                 (put-text-property b (cperl-1+ b) 'front-sticky '(syntax-type))
                  (cperl-commentify b e1 nil)
                  (cperl-put-do-not-fontify b (match-end 0) t)
                  (cperl-commentify b e1 nil)
                  (cperl-put-do-not-fontify b (match-end 0) t)
+                 ;; Cache the syntax info...
+                 (setq cperl-syntax-state (cons state-point state))
+                 ;; ... and process the rest of the line...
+                 (setq overshoot
+                       (elt            ; non-inter ignore-max
+                        (cperl-find-pods-heres c i t end t e1) 1))
+                 (if (and overshoot (> overshoot (point)))
+                     (goto-char overshoot)
+                   (setq overshoot e1))
                  (if (> e1 max)
                      (setq tmpend tb))))
               ;; format
                  (if (> e1 max)
                      (setq tmpend tb))))
               ;; format
@@ -3462,7 +4184,7 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                (if (> (point) max)
                    (setq tmpend tb))
                (put-text-property b (point) 'syntax-type 'format))
                (if (> (point) max)
                    (setq tmpend tb))
                (put-text-property b (point) 'syntax-type 'format))
-              ;; Regexp:
+              ;; qq-like String or Regexp:
               ((or (match-beginning 10) (match-beginning 11))
                ;; 1+6+2=9 extra () before this:
                ;; "\\<\\(q[wxqr]?\\|[msy]\\|tr\\)\\>"
               ((or (match-beginning 10) (match-beginning 11))
                ;; 1+6+2=9 extra () before this:
                ;; "\\<\\(q[wxqr]?\\|[msy]\\|tr\\)\\>"
@@ -3471,10 +4193,10 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                (setq b1 (if (match-beginning 10) 10 11)
                      argument (buffer-substring
                                (match-beginning b1) (match-end b1))
                (setq b1 (if (match-beginning 10) 10 11)
                      argument (buffer-substring
                                (match-beginning b1) (match-end b1))
-                     b (point)
+                     b (point)         ; end of qq etc
                      i b
                      c (char-after (match-beginning b1))
                      i b
                      c (char-after (match-beginning b1))
-                     bb (char-after (1- (match-beginning b1))) ; tmp holder
+                     bb (char-after (1- (match-beginning b1))) ; tmp holder
                      ;; bb == "Not a stringy"
                      bb (if (eq b1 10) ; user variables/whatever
                             (and (memq bb (append "$@%*#_:-&>" nil)) ; $#y)
                      ;; bb == "Not a stringy"
                      bb (if (eq b1 10) ; user variables/whatever
                             (and (memq bb (append "$@%*#_:-&>" nil)) ; $#y)
@@ -3488,7 +4210,7 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                                              (- (match-beginning b1) 2))
                                             ?\-))
                                        ((eq bb ?\&)
                                              (- (match-beginning b1) 2))
                                             ?\-))
                                        ((eq bb ?\&)
-                                        (not (eq (char-after   ; &&m/blah/
+                                        (not (eq (char-after ; &&m/blah/
                                                   (- (match-beginning b1) 2))
                                                  ?\&)))
                                        (t t)))
                                                   (- (match-beginning b1) 2))
                                                  ?\&)))
                                        (t t)))
@@ -3506,41 +4228,40 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                        (setq argument ""
                              b1 nil
                              bb        ; Not a regexp?
                        (setq argument ""
                              b1 nil
                              bb        ; Not a regexp?
-                             (progn
-                               (not
-                                ;; What is below: regexp-p?
-                                (and
-                                 (or (memq (preceding-char)
-                                           (append (if (memq c '(?\? ?\<))
-                                                       ;; $a++ ? 1 : 2
-                                                       "~{(=|&*!,;:"
-                                                     "~{(=|&+-*!,;:") nil))
-                                     (and (eq (preceding-char) ?\})
-                                          (cperl-after-block-p (point-min)))
-                                     (and (eq (char-syntax (preceding-char)) ?w)
-                                          (progn
-                                            (forward-sexp -1)
+                             (not
+                              ;; What is below: regexp-p?
+                              (and
+                               (or (memq (preceding-char)
+                                         (append (if (memq c '(?\? ?\<))
+                                                     ;; $a++ ? 1 : 2
+                                                     "~{(=|&*!,;:["
+                                                   "~{(=|&+-*!,;:[") nil))
+                                   (and (eq (preceding-char) ?\})
+                                        (cperl-after-block-p (point-min)))
+                                   (and (eq (char-syntax (preceding-char)) ?w)
+                                        (progn
+                                          (forward-sexp -1)
 ;; After these keywords `/' starts a RE.  One should add all the
 ;; functions/builtins which expect an argument, but ...
 ;; After these keywords `/' starts a RE.  One should add all the
 ;; functions/builtins which expect an argument, but ...
-                                            (if (eq (preceding-char) ?-)
-                                                ;; -d ?foo? is a RE
-                                                (looking-at "[a-zA-Z]\\>")
-                                              (and
-                                               (not (memq (preceding-char)
-                                                          '(?$ ?@ ?& ?%)))
-                                               (looking-at
-                                                "\\(while\\|if\\|unless\\|until\\|and\\|or\\|not\\|xor\\|split\\|grep\\|map\\|print\\)\\>")))))
-                                     (and (eq (preceding-char) ?.)
-                                          (eq (char-after (- (point) 2)) ?.))
-                                     (bobp))
-                                 ;;  m|blah| ? foo : bar;
-                                 (not
-                                  (and (eq c ?\?)
-                                       cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
-                                       (not (bobp))
-                                       (progn
-                                         (forward-char -1)
-                                         (looking-at "\\s|")))))))
+                                          (if (eq (preceding-char) ?-)
+                                              ;; -d ?foo? is a RE
+                                              (looking-at "[a-zA-Z]\\>")
+                                            (and
+                                             (not (memq (preceding-char)
+                                                        '(?$ ?@ ?& ?%)))
+                                             (looking-at
+                                              "\\(while\\|if\\|unless\\|until\\|and\\|or\\|not\\|xor\\|split\\|grep\\|map\\|print\\)\\>")))))
+                                   (and (eq (preceding-char) ?.)
+                                        (eq (char-after (- (point) 2)) ?.))
+                                   (bobp))
+                               ;;  m|blah| ? foo : bar;
+                               (not
+                                (and (eq c ?\?)
+                                     cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
+                                     (not (bobp))
+                                     (progn
+                                       (forward-char -1)
+                                       (looking-at "\\s|"))))))
                              b (1- b))
                      ;; s y tr m
                      ;; Check for $a -> y
                              b (1- b))
                      ;; s y tr m
                      ;; Check for $a -> y
@@ -3550,13 +4271,9 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                               (eq (char-after (- go 2)) ?-))
                          ;; Not a regexp
                          (setq bb t))))
                               (eq (char-after (- go 2)) ?-))
                          ;; Not a regexp
                          (setq bb t))))
-               (or bb (setq state (parse-partial-sexp
-                                   state-point b nil nil state)
-                            state-point b))
-               (setq bb (or bb (nth 3 state) (nth 4 state)))
-               (goto-char b)
                (or bb
                    (progn
                (or bb
                    (progn
+                     (goto-char b)
                      (if (looking-at "[ \t\n\f]+\\(#[^\n]*\n[ \t\n\f]*\\)+")
                          (goto-char (match-end 0))
                        (skip-chars-forward " \t\n\f"))
                      (if (looking-at "[ \t\n\f]+\\(#[^\n]*\n[ \t\n\f]*\\)+")
                          (goto-char (match-end 0))
                        (skip-chars-forward " \t\n\f"))
@@ -3593,6 +4310,8 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                                    (skip-chars-backward " \t\n\f")
                                    (memq (preceding-char)
                                          (append "$@%&*" nil))))
                                    (skip-chars-backward " \t\n\f")
                                    (memq (preceding-char)
                                          (append "$@%&*" nil))))
+                            (setq bb t))
+                           ((eobp)
                             (setq bb t)))))
                (if bb
                    (goto-char i)
                             (setq bb t)))))
                (if bb
                    (goto-char i)
@@ -3605,15 +4324,16 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                  ;; qtag means two-arg matcher, may be reset to
                  ;;   2 or 3 later if some special quoting is needed.
                  ;; e1 means matching-char matcher.
                  ;; qtag means two-arg matcher, may be reset to
                  ;;   2 or 3 later if some special quoting is needed.
                  ;; e1 means matching-char matcher.
-                 (setq b (point)
+                 (setq b (point)       ; before the first delimiter
                        ;; has 2 args
                        i2 (string-match "^\\([sy]\\|tr\\)$" argument)
                        ;; We do not search to max, since we may be called from
                        ;; some hook of fontification, and max is random
                        i (cperl-forward-re stop-point end
                                            i2
                        ;; has 2 args
                        i2 (string-match "^\\([sy]\\|tr\\)$" argument)
                        ;; We do not search to max, since we may be called from
                        ;; some hook of fontification, and max is random
                        i (cperl-forward-re stop-point end
                                            i2
-                                           t st-l err-l argument)
-                       ;; Note that if `go', then it is considered as 1-arg
+                                           st-l err-l argument)
+                       ;; If `go', then it is considered as 1-arg, `b1' is nil
+                       ;; as in s/foo//x; the point is before final "slash"
                        b1 (nth 1 i)    ; start of the second part
                        tag (nth 2 i)   ; ender-char, true if second part
                                        ; is with matching chars []
                        b1 (nth 1 i)    ; start of the second part
                        tag (nth 2 i)   ; ender-char, true if second part
                                        ; is with matching chars []
@@ -3625,13 +4345,18 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                                 (1- e1))
                        e (if i i e1)   ; end of the first part
                        qtag nil        ; need to preserve backslashitis
                                 (1- e1))
                        e (if i i e1)   ; end of the first part
                        qtag nil        ; need to preserve backslashitis
-                       is-x-REx nil)   ; REx has //x modifier
+                       is-x-REx nil is-o-REx nil); REx has //x //o modifiers
+                 ;; If s{} (), then b/b1 are at "{", "(", e1/i after ")", "}"
                  ;; Commenting \\ is dangerous, what about ( ?
                  (and i tail
                       (eq (char-after i) ?\\)
                       (setq qtag t))
                  ;; Commenting \\ is dangerous, what about ( ?
                  (and i tail
                       (eq (char-after i) ?\\)
                       (setq qtag t))
-                 (if (looking-at "\\sw*x") ; qr//x
-                     (setq is-x-REx t))
+                 (and (if go (looking-at ".\\sw*x")
+                        (looking-at "\\sw*x")) ; qr//x
+                      (setq is-x-REx t))
+                 (and (if go (looking-at ".\\sw*o")
+                        (looking-at "\\sw*o")) ; //o
+                      (setq is-o-REx t))
                  (if (null i)
                      ;; Considered as 1arg form
                      (progn
                  (if (null i)
                      ;; Considered as 1arg form
                      (progn
@@ -3648,9 +4373,11 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                    (cperl-commentify b i t)
                    (if (looking-at "\\sw*e") ; s///e
                        (progn
                    (cperl-commentify b i t)
                    (if (looking-at "\\sw*e") ; s///e
                        (progn
+                         ;; Cache the syntax info...
+                         (setq cperl-syntax-state (cons state-point state))
                          (and
                           ;; silent:
                          (and
                           ;; silent:
-                          (cperl-find-pods-heres b1 (1- (point)) t end)
+                          (car (cperl-find-pods-heres b1 (1- (point)) t end))
                           ;; Error
                           (goto-char (1+ max)))
                          (if (and tag (eq (preceding-char) ?\>))
                           ;; Error
                           (goto-char (1+ max)))
                          (if (and tag (eq (preceding-char) ?\>))
@@ -3658,6 +4385,7 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                                (cperl-modify-syntax-type (1- (point)) cperl-st-ket)
                                (cperl-modify-syntax-type i cperl-st-bra)))
                          (put-text-property b i 'syntax-type 'string)
                                (cperl-modify-syntax-type (1- (point)) cperl-st-ket)
                                (cperl-modify-syntax-type i cperl-st-bra)))
                          (put-text-property b i 'syntax-type 'string)
+                         (put-text-property i (point) 'syntax-type 'multiline)
                          (if is-x-REx
                              (put-text-property b i 'indentable t)))
                      (cperl-commentify b1 (point) t)
                          (if is-x-REx
                              (put-text-property b i 'indentable t)))
                      (cperl-commentify b1 (point) t)
@@ -3673,7 +4401,7 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                        (forward-word 1) ; skip modifiers s///s
                        (if tail (cperl-commentify tail (point) t))
                        (cperl-postpone-fontification
                        (forward-word 1) ; skip modifiers s///s
                        (if tail (cperl-commentify tail (point) t))
                        (cperl-postpone-fontification
-                        e1 (point) 'face 'cperl-nonoverridable)))
+                        e1 (point) 'face my-cperl-REx-modifiers-face)))
                  ;; Check whether it is m// which means "previous match"
                  ;; and highlight differently
                  (setq is-REx
                  ;; Check whether it is m// which means "previous match"
                  ;; and highlight differently
                  (setq is-REx
@@ -3691,7 +4419,7 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                                   (not (looking-at "split\\>")))
                               (error t))))
                      (cperl-postpone-fontification
                                   (not (looking-at "split\\>")))
                               (error t))))
                      (cperl-postpone-fontification
-                      b e 'face font-lock-function-name-face)
+                      b e 'face font-lock-warning-face)
                    (if (or i2          ; Has 2 args
                            (and cperl-fontify-m-as-s
                                 (or
                    (if (or i2          ; Has 2 args
                            (and cperl-fontify-m-as-s
                                 (or
@@ -3700,135 +4428,417 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                                       (not (eq ?\< (char-after b)))))))
                        (progn
                          (cperl-postpone-fontification
                                       (not (eq ?\< (char-after b)))))))
                        (progn
                          (cperl-postpone-fontification
-                          b (cperl-1+ b) 'face font-lock-constant-face)
+                          b (cperl-1+ b) 'face my-cperl-delimiters-face)
                          (cperl-postpone-fontification
                          (cperl-postpone-fontification
-                          (1- e) e 'face font-lock-constant-face)))
+                          (1- e) e 'face my-cperl-delimiters-face)))
                    (if (and is-REx cperl-regexp-scan)
                    (if (and is-REx cperl-regexp-scan)
-                       ;; Process RExen better
+                       ;; Process RExen: embedded comments, charclasses and ]
+;;;/\3333\xFg\x{FFF}a\ppp\PPP\qqq\C\99f(?{  foo  })(??{  foo  })/;
+;;;/a\.b[^a[:ff:]b]x$ab->$[|$,$ab->[cd]->[ef]|$ab[xy].|^${a,b}{c,d}/;
+;;;/(?<=foo)(?<!bar)(x)(?:$ab|\$\/)$|\\\b\x888\776\[\:$/xxx;
+;;;m?(\?\?{b,a})? + m/(??{aa})(?(?=xx)aa|bb)(?#aac)/;
+;;;m$(^ab[c]\$)$ + m+(^ab[c]\$\+)+ + m](^ab[c\]$|.+)] + m)(^ab[c]$|.+\));
+;;;m^a[\^b]c^ + m.a[^b]\.c.;
                        (save-excursion
                          (goto-char (1+ b))
                        (save-excursion
                          (goto-char (1+ b))
+                         ;; First 
+                         (cperl-look-at-leading-count is-x-REx e)
+                         (setq hairy-RE
+                               (concat
+                                (if is-x-REx
+                                    (if (eq (char-after b) ?\#)
+                                        "\\((\\?\\\\#\\)\\|\\(\\\\#\\)"
+                                      "\\((\\?#\\)\\|\\(#\\)")
+                                  ;; keep the same count: add a fake group
+                                  (if (eq (char-after b) ?\#)
+                                      "\\((\\?\\\\#\\)\\(\\)"
+                                    "\\((\\?#\\)\\(\\)"))
+                                "\\|"
+                                   "\\(\\[\\)" ; 3=[
+                                "\\|"
+                                   "\\(]\\)" ; 4=]
+                                "\\|"
+                                ;; XXXX Will not be able to use it in s)))
+                                (if (eq (char-after b) ?\) )
+                                    "\\())))\\)" ; Will never match
+                                  (if (eq (char-after b) ?? )
+                                      ;;"\\((\\\\\\?\\(\\\\\\?\\)?{\\)"
+                                      "\\((\\\\\\?\\\\\\?{\\|()\\\\\\?{\\)"
+                                    "\\((\\?\\??{\\)")) ; 5= (??{ (?{
+                                "\\|"  ; 6= 0-length, 7: name, 8,9:code, 10:group
+                                   "\\(" ;; XXXX 1-char variables, exc. |()\s
+                                      "[$@]"
+                                      "\\("
+                                         "[_a-zA-Z:][_a-zA-Z0-9:]*"
+                                      "\\|"
+                                         "{[^{}]*}" ; only one-level allowed
+                                      "\\|"
+                                         "[^{(|) \t\r\n\f]"
+                                      "\\)"
+                                      "\\(" ;;8,9:code part of array/hash elt
+                                         "\\(" "->" "\\)?"
+                                         "\\[[^][]*\\]"
+                                         "\\|"
+                                         "{[^{}]*}"
+                                      "\\)*"
+                                   ;; XXXX: what if u is delim?
+                                   "\\|"
+                                      "[)^|$.*?+]"
+                                   "\\|"
+                                      "{[0-9]+}"
+                                   "\\|"
+                                      "{[0-9]+,[0-9]*}"
+                                   "\\|"
+                                      "\\\\[luLUEQbBAzZG]"
+                                   "\\|"
+                                      "(" ; Group opener
+                                      "\\(" ; 10 group opener follower
+                                         "\\?\\((\\?\\)" ; 11: in (?(?=C)A|B)
+                                      "\\|"
+                                         "\\?[:=!>?{]" ; "?" something
+                                      "\\|"
+                                         "\\?[-imsx]+[:)]" ; (?i) (?-s:.)
+                                      "\\|"
+                                         "\\?([0-9]+)" ; (?(1)foo|bar)
+                                      "\\|"
+                                         "\\?<[=!]"
+                                      ;;;"\\|"
+                                      ;;;   "\\?"
+                                      "\\)?"
+                                   "\\)"
+                                "\\|"
+                                   "\\\\\\(.\\)" ; 12=\SYMBOL
+                                ))
                          (while
                          (while
-                             (and (< (point) e)
-                                  (re-search-forward
-                                   (if is-x-REx
-                                       (if (eq (char-after b) ?\#)
-                                           "\\((\\?\\\\#\\)\\|\\(\\\\#\\)"
-                                         "\\((\\?#\\)\\|\\(#\\)")
-                                     (if (eq (char-after b) ?\#)
-                                         "\\((\\?\\\\#\\)"
-                                       "\\((\\?#\\)"))
-                                   (1- e) 'to-end))
+                             (and (< (point) (1- e))
+                                  (re-search-forward hairy-RE (1- e) 'to-end))
                            (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
                            (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
-                           (setq REx-comment-start (point)
-                                 was-comment t)
-                           (if (save-excursion
-                                 (and
-                                  ;; XXX not working if outside delimiter is #
-                                  (eq (preceding-char) ?\\)
-                                  (= (% (skip-chars-backward "$\\\\") 2) -1)))
-                               ;; Not a comment, avoid loop:
-                               (progn (setq was-comment nil)
-                                      (forward-char 1))
-                             (if (match-beginning 2)
+                           (setq REx-subgr-start (point)
+                                 was-subgr (following-char))
+                           (cond
+                            ((match-beginning 6) ; 0-length builtins, groups
+                             (goto-char (match-end 0))
+                             (if (match-beginning 11)
+                                 (goto-char (match-beginning 11)))
+                             (if (>= (point) e)
+                                 (goto-char (1- e)))
+                             (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                              (match-beginning 0) (point)
+                              'face
+                              (cond
+                               ((eq was-subgr ?\) )
+                                (condition-case nil
+                                    (save-excursion
+                                      (forward-sexp -1)
+                                      (if (> (point) b)
+                                          (if (if (eq (char-after b) ?? )
+                                                  (looking-at "(\\\\\\?")
+                                                (eq (char-after (1+ (point))) ?\?))
+                                              my-cperl-REx-0length-face
+                                            my-cperl-REx-ctl-face)
+                                        font-lock-warning-face))
+                                  (error font-lock-warning-face)))
+                               ((eq was-subgr ?\| )
+                                my-cperl-REx-ctl-face)
+                               ((eq was-subgr ?\$ )
+                                (if (> (point) (1+ REx-subgr-start))
+                                    (progn
+                                      (put-text-property
+                                       (match-beginning 0) (point)
+                                       'REx-interpolated
+                                       (if is-o-REx 0
+                                           (if (and (eq (match-beginning 0)
+                                                        (1+ b))
+                                                    (eq (point)
+                                                        (1- e))) 1 t)))
+                                      font-lock-variable-name-face)
+                                  my-cperl-REx-spec-char-face))
+                               ((memq was-subgr (append "^." nil) )
+                                my-cperl-REx-spec-char-face)
+                               ((eq was-subgr ?\( )
+                                (if (not (match-beginning 10))
+                                    my-cperl-REx-ctl-face
+                                  my-cperl-REx-0length-face))
+                               (t my-cperl-REx-0length-face)))
+                             (if (and (memq was-subgr (append "(|" nil))
+                                      (not (string-match "(\\?[-imsx]+)"
+                                                         (match-string 0))))
+                                 (cperl-look-at-leading-count is-x-REx e))
+                             (setq was-subgr nil)) ; We do stuff here
+                            ((match-beginning 12) ; \SYMBOL
+                             (forward-char 2)
+                             (if (>= (point) e)
+                                 (goto-char (1- e))
+                               ;; How many chars to not highlight:
+                               ;; 0-len special-alnums in other branch =>
+                               ;; Generic:  \non-alnum (1), \alnum (1+face)
+                               ;; Is-delim: \non-alnum (1/spec-2) alnum-1 (=what hai)
+                               (setq REx-subgr-start (point)
+                                     qtag (preceding-char))
+                               (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                                (- (point) 2) (- (point) 1) 'face
+                                (if (memq qtag
+                                          (append "ghijkmoqvFHIJKMORTVY" nil))
+                                    font-lock-warning-face
+                                  my-cperl-REx-0length-face))
+                               (if (and (eq (char-after b) qtag)
+                                        (memq qtag (append ".])^$|*?+" nil)))
+                                   (progn
+                                     (if (and cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
+                                              (eq qtag ?\) ))
+                                         (put-text-property
+                                          REx-subgr-start (1- (point))
+                                          'syntax-table cperl-st-punct))
+                                     (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                                      (1- (point)) (point) 'face
+                                       ; \] can't appear below
+                                      (if (memq qtag (append ".]^$" nil))
+                                          'my-cperl-REx-spec-char-face
+                                        (if (memq qtag (append "*?+" nil))
+                                            'my-cperl-REx-0length-face
+                                          'my-cperl-REx-ctl-face))))) ; )|
+                               ;; Test for arguments:
+                               (cond
+                                ;; This is not pretty: the 5.8.7 logic:
+                                ;; \0numx  -> octal (up to total 3 dig)
+                                ;; \DIGIT  -> backref unless \0
+                                ;; \DIGITs -> backref if legal
+                                ;;          otherwise up to 3 -> octal
+                                ;; Do not try to distinguish, we guess
+                                ((or (and (memq qtag (append "01234567" nil))
+                                          (re-search-forward
+                                           "\\=[01234567]?[01234567]?"
+                                           (1- e) 'to-end))
+                                     (and (memq qtag (append "89" nil))
+                                          (re-search-forward 
+                                           "\\=[0123456789]*" (1- e) 'to-end))
+                                     (and (eq qtag ?x)
+                                          (re-search-forward
+                                           "\\=[0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F]?\\|\\={[0-9a-fA-F]+}"
+                                           (1- e) 'to-end))
+                                     (and (memq qtag (append "pPN" nil))
+                                          (re-search-forward "\\={[^{}]+}\\|."
+                                           (1- e) 'to-end))
+                                     (eq (char-syntax qtag) ?w))
+                                 (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                                  (1- REx-subgr-start) (point)
+                                  'face my-cperl-REx-length1-face))))
+                             (setq was-subgr nil)) ; We do stuff here
+                            ((match-beginning 3) ; [charclass]
+                             (forward-char 1)
+                             (if (eq (char-after b) ?^ )
+                                 (and (eq (following-char) ?\\ )
+                                      (eq (char-after (cperl-1+ (point)))
+                                          ?^ )
+                                      (forward-char 2))
+                               (and (eq (following-char) ?^ )
+                                    (forward-char 1)))
+                             (setq argument b ; continue?
+                                   tag nil ; list of POSIX classes
+                                   qtag (point))
+                             (if (eq (char-after b) ?\] )
+                                 (and (eq (following-char) ?\\ )
+                                      (eq (char-after (cperl-1+ (point)))
+                                          ?\] )
+                                      (setq qtag (1+ qtag))
+                                      (forward-char 2))
+                               (and (eq (following-char) ?\] )
+                                    (forward-char 1)))
+                             ;; Apparently, I can't put \] into a charclass
+                             ;; in m]]: m][\\\]\]] produces [\\]]
+;;; POSIX?  [:word:] [:^word:] only inside []
+;;;                                   "\\=\\(\\\\.\\|[^][\\\\]\\|\\[:\\^?\sw+:]\\|\\[[^:]\\)*]")
+                             (while 
+                                 (and argument
+                                      (re-search-forward
+                                       (if (eq (char-after b) ?\] )
+                                           "\\=\\(\\\\[^]]\\|[^]\\\\]\\)*\\\\]"
+                                         "\\=\\(\\\\.\\|[^]\\\\]\\)*]")
+                                       (1- e) 'toend))
+                               ;; Is this ] an end of POSIX class?
+                               (if (save-excursion
+                                     (and
+                                      (search-backward "[" argument t)
+                                      (< REx-subgr-start (point))
+                                      (not
+                                       (and ; Should work with delim = \
+                                        (eq (preceding-char) ?\\ )
+                                        (= (% (skip-chars-backward
+                                               "\\\\") 2) 0)))
+                                      (looking-at
+                                       (cond
+                                        ((eq (char-after b) ?\] )
+                                         "\\\\*\\[:\\^?\\sw+:\\\\\\]")
+                                        ((eq (char-after b) ?\: )
+                                         "\\\\*\\[\\\\:\\^?\\sw+\\\\:]")
+                                        ((eq (char-after b) ?^ )
+                                         "\\\\*\\[:\\(\\\\\\^\\)?\\sw+:\]")
+                                        ((eq (char-syntax (char-after b))
+                                             ?w)
+                                         (concat
+                                          "\\\\*\\[:\\(\\\\\\^\\)?\\(\\\\"
+                                          (char-to-string (char-after b))
+                                          "\\|\\sw\\)+:\]"))
+                                        (t "\\\\*\\[:\\^?\\sw*:]")))
+                                      (setq argument (point))))
+                                   (setq tag (cons (cons argument (point))
+                                                   tag)
+                                         argument (point)) ; continue
+                                 (setq argument nil)))
+                             (and argument
+                                  (message "Couldn't find end of charclass in a REx, pos=%s"
+                                           REx-subgr-start))
+                             (if (and cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
+                                      (> (- (point) 2) REx-subgr-start))
+                                 (put-text-property
+                                  (1+ REx-subgr-start) (1- (point))
+                                  'syntax-table cperl-st-punct))
+                             (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                              REx-subgr-start qtag
+                              'face my-cperl-REx-spec-char-face)
+                             (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                              (1- (point)) (point) 'face
+                              my-cperl-REx-spec-char-face)
+                             (if (eq (char-after b) ?\] )
+                                 (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                                  (- (point) 2) (1- (point))
+                                  'face my-cperl-REx-0length-face))
+                             (while tag
+                               (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                                (car (car tag)) (cdr (car tag))
+                                'face my-cperl-REx-length1-face)
+                               (setq tag (cdr tag)))
+                             (setq was-subgr nil)) ; did facing already
+                            ;; Now rare stuff:
+                            ((and (match-beginning 2) ; #-comment
+                                  (/= (match-beginning 2) (match-end 2)))
+                             (beginning-of-line 2)
+                             (if (> (point) e)
+                                 (goto-char (1- e))))
+                            ((match-beginning 4) ; character "]"
+                             (setq was-subgr nil) ; We do stuff here
+                             (goto-char (match-end 0))
+                             (if cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
+                                 (put-text-property
+                                  (1- (point)) (point)
+                                  'syntax-table cperl-st-punct))
+                             (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                              (1- (point)) (point)
+                              'face font-lock-warning-face))
+                            ((match-beginning 5) ; before (?{}) (??{})
+                             (setq tag (match-end 0))
+                             (if (or (setq qtag
+                                           (cperl-forward-group-in-re st-l))
+                                     (and (>= (point) e)
+                                          (setq qtag "no matching `)' found"))
+                                     (and (not (eq (char-after (- (point) 2))
+                                                   ?\} ))
+                                          (setq qtag "Can't find })")))
                                  (progn
                                  (progn
-                                   (beginning-of-line 2)
-                                   (if (> (point) e)
-                                       (goto-char (1- e))))
-                               ;; Works also if the outside delimiters are ().
-                               (or (search-forward ")" (1- e) 'toend)
-                                   (message
-                                    "Couldn't find end of (?#...)-comment in a REx, pos=%s"
-                                    REx-comment-start))))
+                                   (goto-char (1- e))
+                                   (message qtag))
+                               (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                                (1- tag) (1- (point))
+                                'face font-lock-variable-name-face)
+                               (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                                REx-subgr-start (1- tag)
+                                'face my-cperl-REx-spec-char-face)
+                               (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                                (1- (point)) (point)
+                                'face my-cperl-REx-spec-char-face)
+                               (if cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
+                                   (progn
+                                     (put-text-property
+                                      (- (point) 2) (1- (point))
+                                      'syntax-table cperl-st-cfence)
+                                     (put-text-property
+                                      (+ REx-subgr-start 2)
+                                      (+ REx-subgr-start 3)
+                                      'syntax-table cperl-st-cfence))))
+                             (setq was-subgr nil))
+                            (t         ; (?#)-comment
+                             ;; Inside "(" and "\" arn't special in any way
+                             ;; Works also if the outside delimiters are ().
+                             (or;;(if (eq (char-after b) ?\) )
+                              ;;(re-search-forward
+                              ;; "[^\\\\]\\(\\\\\\\\\\)*\\\\)"
+                              ;; (1- e) 'toend)
+                              (search-forward ")" (1- e) 'toend)
+                              ;;)
+                              (message
+                               "Couldn't find end of (?#...)-comment in a REx, pos=%s"
+                               REx-subgr-start))))
                            (if (>= (point) e)
                                (goto-char (1- e)))
                            (if (>= (point) e)
                                (goto-char (1- e)))
-                           (if was-comment
-                               (progn
-                                 (setq REx-comment-end (point))
-                                 (cperl-commentify
-                                  REx-comment-start REx-comment-end nil)
-                                 (cperl-postpone-fontification
-                                  REx-comment-start REx-comment-end
-                                  'face font-lock-comment-face))))))
+                           (cond
+                            (was-subgr
+                             (setq REx-subgr-end (point))
+                             (cperl-commentify
+                              REx-subgr-start REx-subgr-end nil)
+                             (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                              REx-subgr-start REx-subgr-end
+                              'face font-lock-comment-face))))))
                    (if (and is-REx is-x-REx)
                        (put-text-property (1+ b) (1- e)
                                           'syntax-subtype 'x-REx)))
                  (if i2
                      (progn
                        (cperl-postpone-fontification
                    (if (and is-REx is-x-REx)
                        (put-text-property (1+ b) (1- e)
                                           'syntax-subtype 'x-REx)))
                  (if i2
                      (progn
                        (cperl-postpone-fontification
-                        (1- e1) e1 'face font-lock-constant-face)
+                        (1- e1) e1 'face my-cperl-delimiters-face)
                        (if (assoc (char-after b) cperl-starters)
                        (if (assoc (char-after b) cperl-starters)
-                           (cperl-postpone-fontification
-                            b1 (1+ b1) 'face font-lock-constant-face))))
+                           (progn
+                             (cperl-postpone-fontification
+                              b1 (1+ b1) 'face my-cperl-delimiters-face)
+                             (put-text-property b1 (1+ b1)
+                                          'REx-part2 t)))))
                  (if (> (point) max)
                      (setq tmpend tb))))
                  (if (> (point) max)
                      (setq tmpend tb))))
-              ((match-beginning 13)    ; sub with prototypes
-               (setq b (match-beginning 0))
+              ((match-beginning 17)    ; sub with prototype or attribute
+               ;; 1+6+2+1+1=11 extra () before this (sub with proto/attr):
+               ;;"\\<sub\\>\\("                        ;12
+               ;;   cperl-white-and-comment-rex        ;13
+               ;;   "\\([a-zA-Z_:'0-9]+\\)\\)?" ; name ;14
+               ;;"\\(" cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex       ;15,16
+               ;;   "\\(([^()]*)\\|:[^:]\\)\\)" ; 17:proto or attribute start
+               (setq b1 (match-beginning 14) e1 (match-end 14))
                (if (memq (char-after (1- b))
                          '(?\$ ?\@ ?\% ?\& ?\*))
                    nil
                (if (memq (char-after (1- b))
                          '(?\$ ?\@ ?\% ?\& ?\*))
                    nil
-                 (setq state (parse-partial-sexp
-                              state-point b nil nil state)
-                       state-point b)
-                 (if (or (nth 3 state) (nth 4 state))
-                     nil
-                   ;; Mark as string
-                   (cperl-commentify (match-beginning 13) (match-end 13) t))
-                 (goto-char (match-end 0))))
-              ;; 1+6+2+1+1+2=13 extra () before this:
-              ;;    "\\$\\(['{]\\)"
-              ((and (match-beginning 14)
-                    (eq (preceding-char) ?\')) ; $'
-               (setq b (1- (point))
-                     state (parse-partial-sexp
-                            state-point (1- b) nil nil state)
-                     state-point (1- b))
-               (if (nth 3 state)       ; in string
-                   (cperl-modify-syntax-type (1- b) cperl-st-punct))
-               (goto-char (1+ b)))
-              ;; 1+6+2+1+1+2=13 extra () before this:
-              ;;    "\\$\\(['{]\\)"
-              ((match-beginning 14)    ; ${
-               (setq bb (match-beginning 0))
-               (cperl-modify-syntax-type bb cperl-st-punct))
-              ;; 1+6+2+1+1+2+1=14 extra () before this:
+                 (goto-char b)
+                 (if (eq (char-after (match-beginning 17)) ?\( )
+                     (progn
+                       (cperl-commentify ; Prototypes; mark as string
+                        (match-beginning 17) (match-end 17) t)
+                       (goto-char (match-end 0))
+                       ;; Now look for attributes after prototype:
+                       (forward-comment (buffer-size))
+                       (and (looking-at ":[^:]")
+                            (cperl-find-sub-attrs st-l b1 e1 b)))
+                   ;; treat attributes without prototype
+                   (goto-char (match-beginning 17))
+                   (cperl-find-sub-attrs st-l b1 e1 b))))
+              ;; 1+6+2+1+1+6+1=18 extra () before this:
               ;;    "\\(\\<sub[ \t\n\f]+\\|[&*$@%]\\)[a-zA-Z0-9_]*'")
               ;;    "\\(\\<sub[ \t\n\f]+\\|[&*$@%]\\)[a-zA-Z0-9_]*'")
-              ((match-beginning 15)    ; old $abc'efg syntax
-               (setq bb (match-end 0)
-                     b (match-beginning 0)
-                     state (parse-partial-sexp
-                            state-point b nil nil state)
-                     state-point b)
-               (if (nth 3 state)       ; in string
-                   nil
-                 (put-text-property (1- bb) bb 'syntax-table cperl-st-word))
+              ((match-beginning 19)    ; old $abc'efg syntax
+               (setq bb (match-end 0))
+               ;;;(if (nth 3 state) nil        ; in string
+               (put-text-property (1- bb) bb 'syntax-table cperl-st-word)
                (goto-char bb))
                (goto-char bb))
-              ;; 1+6+2+1+1+2+1+1=15 extra () before this:
+              ;; 1+6+2+1+1+6+1+1=19 extra () before this:
               ;; "__\\(END\\|DATA\\)__"
               ;; "__\\(END\\|DATA\\)__"
-              ((match-beginning 16)    ; __END__, __DATA__
-               (setq bb (match-end 0)
-                     b (match-beginning 0)
-                     state (parse-partial-sexp
-                            state-point b nil nil state)
-                     state-point b)
-               (if (or (nth 3 state) (nth 4 state))
-                   nil
-                 ;; (put-text-property b (1+ bb) 'syntax-type 'pod) ; Cheat
-                 (cperl-commentify b bb nil)
-                 (setq end t))
-               (goto-char bb))
-              ((match-beginning 17)    ; "\\\\\\(['`\"($]\\)"
-               ;; Trailing backslash ==> non-quoting outside string/comment
-               (setq bb (match-end 0)
-                     b (match-beginning 0))
+              ((match-beginning 20)    ; __END__, __DATA__
+               (setq bb (match-end 0))
+               ;; (put-text-property b (1+ bb) 'syntax-type 'pod) ; Cheat
+               (cperl-commentify b bb nil)
+               (setq end t))
+              ;; "\\\\\\(['`\"($]\\)"
+              ((match-beginning 21)
+               ;; Trailing backslash; make non-quoting outside string/comment
+               (setq bb (match-end 0))
                (goto-char b)
                (skip-chars-backward "\\\\")
                ;;;(setq i2 (= (% (skip-chars-backward "\\\\") 2) -1))
                (goto-char b)
                (skip-chars-backward "\\\\")
                ;;;(setq i2 (= (% (skip-chars-backward "\\\\") 2) -1))
-               (setq state (parse-partial-sexp
-                            state-point b nil nil state)
-                     state-point b)
-               (if (or (nth 3 state) (nth 4 state) )
-                   nil
-                 (cperl-modify-syntax-type b cperl-st-punct))
+               (cperl-modify-syntax-type b cperl-st-punct)
                (goto-char bb))
               (t (error "Error in regexp of the sniffer")))
              (if (> (point) stop-point)
                (goto-char bb))
               (t (error "Error in regexp of the sniffer")))
              (if (> (point) stop-point)
@@ -3839,7 +4849,10 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
                      (or (car err-l) (setcar err-l b)))
                    (goto-char stop-point))))
            (setq cperl-syntax-state (cons state-point state)
                      (or (car err-l) (setcar err-l b)))
                    (goto-char stop-point))))
            (setq cperl-syntax-state (cons state-point state)
-                 cperl-syntax-done-to (or tmpend (max (point) max))))
+                 ;; Do not mark syntax as done past tmpend???
+                 cperl-syntax-done-to (or tmpend (max (point) max)))
+           ;;(message "state-at=%s, done-to=%s" state-point cperl-syntax-done-to)
+           )
          (if (car err-l) (goto-char (car err-l))
            (or non-inter
                (message "Scanning for \"hard\" Perl constructions... done"))))
          (if (car err-l) (goto-char (car err-l))
            (or non-inter
                (message "Scanning for \"hard\" Perl constructions... done"))))
@@ -3851,48 +4864,91 @@ the sections using `cperl-pod-head-face', `cperl-pod-face',
       ;; cperl-mode-syntax-table.
       ;; (set-syntax-table cperl-mode-syntax-table)
       )
       ;; cperl-mode-syntax-table.
       ;; (set-syntax-table cperl-mode-syntax-table)
       )
-    (car err-l)))
+    (list (car err-l) overshoot)))
+
+(defun cperl-find-pods-heres-region (min max)
+  (interactive "r")
+  (cperl-find-pods-heres min max))
 
 (defun cperl-backward-to-noncomment (lim)
   ;; Stops at lim or after non-whitespace that is not in comment
 
 (defun cperl-backward-to-noncomment (lim)
   ;; Stops at lim or after non-whitespace that is not in comment
+  ;; XXXX Wrongly understands end-of-multiline strings with # as comment
   (let (stop p pr)
   (let (stop p pr)
-    (while (and (not stop) (> (point) (or lim 1)))
+    (while (and (not stop) (> (point) (or lim (point-min))))
       (skip-chars-backward " \t\n\f" lim)
       (setq p (point))
       (beginning-of-line)
       (if (memq (setq pr (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type))
                '(pod here-doc here-doc-delim))
          (cperl-unwind-to-safe nil)
       (skip-chars-backward " \t\n\f" lim)
       (setq p (point))
       (beginning-of-line)
       (if (memq (setq pr (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type))
                '(pod here-doc here-doc-delim))
          (cperl-unwind-to-safe nil)
-      (or (looking-at "^[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)")
-         (progn (cperl-to-comment-or-eol) (bolp))
-         (progn
-           (skip-chars-backward " \t")
-           (if (< p (point)) (goto-char p))
-           (setq stop t)))))))
+       (or (and (looking-at "^[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)")
+                (not (memq pr '(string prestring))))
+           (progn (cperl-to-comment-or-eol) (bolp))
+           (progn
+             (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+             (if (< p (point)) (goto-char p))
+             (setq stop t)))))))
 
 
+;; Used only in `cperl-calculate-indent'...
+(defun cperl-block-p ()                   ; Do not C-M-q !  One string contains ";" !
+  ;; Positions is before ?\{.  Checks whether it starts a block.
+  ;; No save-excursion!  This is more a distinguisher of a block/hash ref...
+  (cperl-backward-to-noncomment (point-min))
+  (or (memq (preceding-char) (append ";){}$@&%\C-@" nil)) ; Or label!  \C-@ at bobp
+                                       ; Label may be mixed up with `$blah :'
+      (save-excursion (cperl-after-label))
+      (get-text-property (cperl-1- (point)) 'attrib-group)
+      (and (memq (char-syntax (preceding-char)) '(?w ?_))
+          (progn
+            (backward-sexp)
+            ;; sub {BLK}, print {BLK} $data, but NOT `bless', `return', `tr'
+            (or (and (looking-at "[a-zA-Z0-9_:]+[ \t\n\f]*[{#]") ; Method call syntax
+                     (not (looking-at "\\(bless\\|return\\|q[wqrx]?\\|tr\\|[smy]\\)\\>")))
+                ;; sub bless::foo {}
+                (progn
+                  (cperl-backward-to-noncomment (point-min))
+                  (and (eq (preceding-char) ?b)
+                       (progn
+                         (forward-sexp -1)
+                         (looking-at "sub[ \t\n\f#]")))))))))
+
+;;; What is the difference of (cperl-after-block-p lim t) and (cperl-block-p)?
+;;; No save-excursion; condition-case ...  In (cperl-block-p) the block
+;;; may be a part of an in-statement construct, such as
+;;;   ${something()}, print {FH} $data.
+;;; Moreover, one takes positive approach (looks for else,grep etc)
+;;; another negative (looks for bless,tr etc)
 (defun cperl-after-block-p (lim &optional pre-block)
 (defun cperl-after-block-p (lim &optional pre-block)
-  "Return true if the preceeding } ends a block or a following { starts one.
-Would not look before LIM.  If PRE-BLOCK is nil checks preceeding }.
-otherwise following {."
-  ;; We suppose that the preceding char is }.
+  "Return true if the preceeding } (if PRE-BLOCK, following {) delimits a block.
+Would not look before LIM.  Assumes that LIM is a good place to begin a
+statement.  The kind of block we treat here is one after which a new
+statement would start; thus the block in ${func()} does not count."
   (save-excursion
     (condition-case nil
        (progn
          (or pre-block (forward-sexp -1))
          (cperl-backward-to-noncomment lim)
          (or (eq (point) lim)
   (save-excursion
     (condition-case nil
        (progn
          (or pre-block (forward-sexp -1))
          (cperl-backward-to-noncomment lim)
          (or (eq (point) lim)
-             (eq (preceding-char) ?\) ) ; if () {}    sub f () {}
-             (if (eq (char-syntax (preceding-char)) ?w) ; else {}
+             ;; if () {}   // sub f () {}   // sub f :a(') {}
+             (eq (preceding-char) ?\) )
+             ;; label: {}
+             (save-excursion (cperl-after-label))
+             ;; sub :attr {}
+             (get-text-property (cperl-1- (point)) 'attrib-group)
+             (if (memq (char-syntax (preceding-char)) '(?w ?_)) ; else {}
                  (save-excursion
                    (forward-sexp -1)
                  (save-excursion
                    (forward-sexp -1)
-                   (or (looking-at "\\(else\\|continue\\|grep\\|map\\|BEGIN\\|END\\|CHECK\\|INIT\\)\\>")
+                   ;; else {}     but not    else::func {}
+                   (or (and (looking-at "\\(else\\|continue\\|grep\\|map\\|BEGIN\\|END\\|CHECK\\|INIT\\)\\>")
+                            (not (looking-at "\\(\\sw\\|_\\)+::")))
                        ;; sub f {}
                        (progn
                          (cperl-backward-to-noncomment lim)
                        ;; sub f {}
                        (progn
                          (cperl-backward-to-noncomment lim)
-                         (and (eq (char-syntax (preceding-char)) ?w)
+                         (and (eq (preceding-char) ?b)
                               (progn
                                 (forward-sexp -1)
                               (progn
                                 (forward-sexp -1)
-                                (looking-at "sub\\>"))))))
+                                (looking-at "sub[ \t\n\f#]"))))))
+               ;; What preceeds is not word...  XXXX Last statement in sub???
                (cperl-after-expr-p lim))))
       (error nil))))
 
                (cperl-after-expr-p lim))))
       (error nil))))
 
@@ -3914,12 +4970,12 @@ CHARS is a string that contains good characters to have before us (however,
        (if (get-text-property (point) 'here-doc-group)
            (progn
              (goto-char
        (if (get-text-property (point) 'here-doc-group)
            (progn
              (goto-char
-              (previous-single-property-change (point) 'here-doc-group))
+              (cperl-beginning-of-property (point) 'here-doc-group))
              (beginning-of-line 0)))
        (if (get-text-property (point) 'in-pod)
            (progn
              (goto-char
              (beginning-of-line 0)))
        (if (get-text-property (point) 'in-pod)
            (progn
              (goto-char
-              (previous-single-property-change (point) 'in-pod))
+              (cperl-beginning-of-property (point) 'in-pod))
              (beginning-of-line 0)))
        (if (looking-at "^[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)") nil ; Only comment, skip
          ;; Else: last iteration, or a label
              (beginning-of-line 0)))
        (if (looking-at "^[ \t]*\\(#\\|$\\)") nil ; Only comment, skip
          ;; Else: last iteration, or a label
@@ -3931,7 +4987,7 @@ CHARS is a string that contains good characters to have before us (however,
                   (progn
                     (forward-char -1)
                     (skip-chars-backward " \t\n\f" lim)
                   (progn
                     (forward-char -1)
                     (skip-chars-backward " \t\n\f" lim)
-                    (eq (char-syntax (preceding-char)) ?w)))
+                    (memq (char-syntax (preceding-char)) '(?w ?_))))
              (forward-sexp -1)         ; Possibly label.  Skip it
            (goto-char p)
            (setq stop t))))
              (forward-sexp -1)         ; Possibly label.  Skip it
            (goto-char p)
            (setq stop t))))
@@ -3947,6 +5003,44 @@ CHARS is a string that contains good characters to have before us (however,
                       (eq (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type)
                           'format)))))))))
 
                       (eq (get-text-property (point) 'syntax-type)
                           'format)))))))))
 
+(defun cperl-backward-to-start-of-expr (&optional lim)
+  (condition-case nil
+      (progn
+       (while (and (or (not lim)
+                       (> (point) lim))
+                   (not (cperl-after-expr-p lim)))
+         (forward-sexp -1)
+         ;; May be after $, @, $# etc of a variable
+         (skip-chars-backward "$@%#")))
+    (error nil)))
+
+(defun cperl-at-end-of-expr (&optional lim)
+  ;; Since the SEXP approach below is very fragile, do some overengineering
+  (or (looking-at (concat cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex "[;}]"))
+      (condition-case nil
+         (save-excursion
+           ;; If nothing interesting after, does as (forward-sexp -1);
+           ;; otherwise fails, or ends at a start of following sexp.
+           ;; XXXX PROBLEMS: if what follows (after ";") @FOO, or ${bar}
+           ;; may be stuck after @ or $; just put some stupid workaround now:
+           (let ((p (point)))
+             (forward-sexp 1)
+             (forward-sexp -1)
+             (while (memq (preceding-char) (append "%&@$*" nil))
+               (forward-char -1))
+             (or (< (point) p)
+                 (cperl-after-expr-p lim))))
+       (error t))))
+
+(defun cperl-forward-to-end-of-expr (&optional lim)
+  (let ((p (point))))
+  (condition-case nil
+      (progn
+       (while (and (< (point) (or lim (point-max)))
+                   (not (cperl-at-end-of-expr)))
+         (forward-sexp 1)))
+    (error nil)))
+
 (defun cperl-backward-to-start-of-continued-exp (lim)
   (if (memq (preceding-char) (append ")]}\"'`" nil))
       (forward-sexp -1))
 (defun cperl-backward-to-start-of-continued-exp (lim)
   (if (memq (preceding-char) (append ")]}\"'`" nil))
       (forward-sexp -1))
@@ -3987,18 +5081,51 @@ conditional/loop constructs."
        (beginning-of-line)
        (while (null done)
          (setq top (point))
        (beginning-of-line)
        (while (null done)
          (setq top (point))
-         (while (= (nth 0 (parse-partial-sexp (point) tmp-end
-                                              -1)) -1)
+         ;; Plan A: if line has an unfinished paren-group, go to end-of-group
+         (while (= -1 (nth 0 (parse-partial-sexp (point) tmp-end -1)))
            (setq top (point)))         ; Get the outermost parenths in line
          (goto-char top)
          (while (< (point) tmp-end)
            (parse-partial-sexp (point) tmp-end nil t) ; To start-sexp or eol
            (or (eolp) (forward-sexp 1)))
            (setq top (point)))         ; Get the outermost parenths in line
          (goto-char top)
          (while (< (point) tmp-end)
            (parse-partial-sexp (point) tmp-end nil t) ; To start-sexp or eol
            (or (eolp) (forward-sexp 1)))
-         (if (> (point) tmp-end)
-             (save-excursion
-               (end-of-line)
-               (setq tmp-end (point)))
-           (setq done t)))
+         (if (> (point) tmp-end)       ; Yes, there an unfinished block
+             nil
+           (if (eq ?\) (preceding-char))
+               (progn ;; Plan B: find by REGEXP block followup this line
+                 (setq top (point))
+                 (condition-case nil
+                     (progn
+                       (forward-sexp -2)
+                       (if (eq (following-char) ?$ ) ; for my $var (list)
+                           (progn
+                             (forward-sexp -1)
+                             (if (looking-at "\\(my\\|local\\|our\\)\\>")
+                                 (forward-sexp -1))))
+                       (if (looking-at
+                            (concat "\\(\\elsif\\|if\\|unless\\|while\\|until"
+                                    "\\|for\\(each\\)?\\>\\(\\("
+                                    cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex
+                                    "\\(my\\|local\\|our\\)\\)?"
+                                    cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex
+                                    "\\$[_a-zA-Z0-9]+\\)?\\)\\>"))
+                           (progn
+                             (goto-char top)
+                             (forward-sexp 1)
+                             (setq top (point)))))
+                   (error (setq done t)))
+                 (goto-char top))
+             (if (looking-at           ; Try Plan C: continuation block
+                  (concat cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex
+                          "\\<\\(else\\|elsif\|continue\\)\\>"))
+                 (progn
+                   (goto-char (match-end 0))
+                   (save-excursion
+                     (end-of-line)
+                     (setq tmp-end (point))))
+               (setq done t))))
+         (save-excursion
+           (end-of-line)
+           (setq tmp-end (point))))
        (goto-char tmp-end)
        (setq tmp-end (point-marker)))
       (if cperl-indent-region-fix-constructs
        (goto-char tmp-end)
        (setq tmp-end (point-marker)))
       (if cperl-indent-region-fix-constructs
@@ -4027,16 +5154,26 @@ Returns some position at the last line."
        ;; Looking at:
        ;; }
        ;; else
        ;; Looking at:
        ;; }
        ;; else
-       (if (and cperl-merge-trailing-else
-                (looking-at
-                 "[ \t]*}[ \t]*\n[ \t\n]*\\(els\\(e\\|if\\)\\|continue\\)\\>"))
-           (progn
-             (search-forward "}")
-             (setq p (point))
-             (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
-             (delete-region p (point))
+       (if cperl-merge-trailing-else
+           (if (looking-at
+                "[ \t]*}[ \t]*\n[ \t\n]*\\(els\\(e\\|if\\)\\|continue\\)\\>")
+               (progn
+                 (search-forward "}")
+                 (setq p (point))
+                 (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
+                 (delete-region p (point))
              (insert (make-string cperl-indent-region-fix-constructs ?\s))
              (insert (make-string cperl-indent-region-fix-constructs ?\s))
-             (beginning-of-line)))
+                 (beginning-of-line)))
+         (if (looking-at "[ \t]*}[ \t]*\\(els\\(e\\|if\\)\\|continue\\)\\>")
+             (save-excursion
+                 (search-forward "}")
+                 (delete-horizontal-space)
+                 (insert "\n")
+                 (setq ret (point))
+                 (if (cperl-indent-line parse-data)
+                     (progn
+                       (cperl-fix-line-spacing end parse-data)
+                       (setq ret (point)))))))
        ;; Looking at:
        ;; }     else
        (if (looking-at "[ \t]*}\\(\t*\\|[ \t][ \t]+\\)\\<\\(els\\(e\\|if\\)\\|continue\\)\\>")
        ;; Looking at:
        ;; }     else
        (if (looking-at "[ \t]*}\\(\t*\\|[ \t][ \t]+\\)\\<\\(els\\(e\\|if\\)\\|continue\\)\\>")
@@ -4073,19 +5210,19 @@ Returns some position at the last line."
              (insert
               (make-string cperl-indent-region-fix-constructs ?\s))
              (beginning-of-line)))
              (insert
               (make-string cperl-indent-region-fix-constructs ?\s))
              (beginning-of-line)))
-       ;; Looking at:
-       ;; } foreach my $var ()    {
+       ;; Looking at (with or without "}" at start, ending after "({"):
+       ;; } foreach my $var ()         OR   {
        (if (looking-at
             "[ \t]*\\(}[ \t]*\\)?\\<\\(\\els\\(e\\|if\\)\\|continue\\|if\\|unless\\|while\\|for\\(each\\)?\\(\\([ \t]+\\(my\\|local\\|our\\)\\)?[ \t]*\\$[_a-zA-Z0-9]+\\)?\\|until\\)\\>\\([ \t]*(\\|[ \t\n]*{\\)\\|[ \t]*{")
            (progn
        (if (looking-at
             "[ \t]*\\(}[ \t]*\\)?\\<\\(\\els\\(e\\|if\\)\\|continue\\|if\\|unless\\|while\\|for\\(each\\)?\\(\\([ \t]+\\(my\\|local\\|our\\)\\)?[ \t]*\\$[_a-zA-Z0-9]+\\)?\\|until\\)\\>\\([ \t]*(\\|[ \t\n]*{\\)\\|[ \t]*{")
            (progn
-             (setq ml (match-beginning 8))
+             (setq ml (match-beginning 8)) ; "(" or "{" after control word
              (re-search-forward "[({]")
              (forward-char -1)
              (setq p (point))
              (if (eq (following-char) ?\( )
                  (progn
                    (forward-sexp 1)
              (re-search-forward "[({]")
              (forward-char -1)
              (setq p (point))
              (if (eq (following-char) ?\( )
                  (progn
                    (forward-sexp 1)
-                   (setq pp (point)))
+                   (setq pp (point)))  ; past parenth-group
                ;; after `else' or nothing
                (if ml                  ; after `else'
                    (skip-chars-backward " \t\n")
                ;; after `else' or nothing
                (if ml                  ; after `else'
                    (skip-chars-backward " \t\n")
@@ -4095,13 +5232,13 @@ Returns some position at the last line."
              ;; Multiline expr should be special
              (setq ml (and pp (save-excursion (goto-char p)
                                               (search-forward "\n" pp t))))
              ;; Multiline expr should be special
              (setq ml (and pp (save-excursion (goto-char p)
                                               (search-forward "\n" pp t))))
-             (if (and (or (not pp) (< pp end))
+             (if (and (or (not pp) (< pp end)) ; Do not go too far...
                       (looking-at "[ \t\n]*{"))
                  (progn
                    (cond
                     ((bolp)            ; Were before `{', no if/else/etc
                      nil)
                       (looking-at "[ \t\n]*{"))
                  (progn
                    (cond
                     ((bolp)            ; Were before `{', no if/else/etc
                      nil)
-                    ((looking-at "\\(\t*\\| [ \t]+\\){")
+                    ((looking-at "\\(\t*\\| [ \t]+\\){") ; Not exactly 1 SPACE
                      (delete-horizontal-space)
                      (if (if ml
                              cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline
                      (delete-horizontal-space)
                      (if (if ml
                              cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline
@@ -4124,7 +5261,17 @@ Returns some position at the last line."
                      (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
                      (delete-region pp (point))
                      (insert
                      (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
                      (delete-region pp (point))
                      (insert
-                      (make-string cperl-indent-region-fix-constructs ?\s))))
+                      (make-string cperl-indent-region-fix-constructs ?\ )))
+                    ((and (looking-at "[\t ]*{")
+                          (if ml cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline
+                            cperl-extra-newline-before-brace))
+                     (delete-horizontal-space)
+                     (insert "\n")
+                     (setq ret (point))
+                     (if (cperl-indent-line parse-data)
+                         (progn
+                           (cperl-fix-line-spacing end parse-data)
+                           (setq ret (point))))))
                    ;; Now we are before `{'
                    (if (looking-at "[ \t\n]*{[ \t]*[^ \t\n#]")
                        (progn
                    ;; Now we are before `{'
                    (if (looking-at "[ \t\n]*{[ \t]*[^ \t\n#]")
                        (progn
@@ -4276,7 +5423,7 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
   ;; (interactive "P") ; Only works when called from fill-paragraph.  -stef
   (let (;; Non-nil if the current line contains a comment.
        has-comment
   ;; (interactive "P") ; Only works when called from fill-paragraph.  -stef
   (let (;; Non-nil if the current line contains a comment.
        has-comment
-
+       fill-paragraph-function         ; do not recurse
        ;; If has-comment, the appropriate fill-prefix for the comment.
        comment-fill-prefix
        ;; Line that contains code and comment (or nil)
        ;; If has-comment, the appropriate fill-prefix for the comment.
        comment-fill-prefix
        ;; Line that contains code and comment (or nil)
@@ -4308,7 +5455,7 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
              dc (- c (current-column)) len (- start (point))
              start (point-marker))
        (delete-char len)
              dc (- c (current-column)) len (- start (point))
              start (point-marker))
        (delete-char len)
-       (insert (make-string dc ?-)))))
+       (insert (make-string dc ?-))))) ; Placeholder (to avoid splitting???)
     (if (not has-comment)
        (fill-paragraph justify)       ; Do the usual thing outside of comment
       ;; Narrow to include only the comment, and then fill the region.
     (if (not has-comment)
        (fill-paragraph justify)       ; Do the usual thing outside of comment
       ;; Narrow to include only the comment, and then fill the region.
@@ -4330,11 +5477,16 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
           (point)))
        ;; Remove existing hashes
        (save-excursion
           (point)))
        ;; Remove existing hashes
        (save-excursion
-         (goto-char (point-min))
-         (while (progn (forward-line 1) (< (point) (point-max)))
-           (skip-chars-forward " \t")
-           (and (looking-at "#+")
-                (delete-char (- (match-end 0) (match-beginning 0))))))
+       (goto-char (point-min))
+       (while (progn (forward-line 1) (< (point) (point-max)))
+         (skip-chars-forward " \t")
+         (if (looking-at "#+")
+             (progn
+               (if (and (eq (point) (match-beginning 0))
+                        (not (eq (point) (match-end 0)))) nil
+                   (error
+ "Bug in Emacs: `looking-at' in `narrow-to-region': match-data is garbage"))
+               (delete-char (- (match-end 0) (match-beginning 0)))))))
 
        ;; Lines with only hashes on them can be paragraph boundaries.
        (let ((paragraph-start (concat paragraph-start "\\|^[ \t#]*$"))
 
        ;; Lines with only hashes on them can be paragraph boundaries.
        (let ((paragraph-start (concat paragraph-start "\\|^[ \t#]*$"))
@@ -4350,7 +5502,8 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
              (setq comment-column c)
              (indent-for-comment)
              ;; Repeat once more, flagging as iteration
              (setq comment-column c)
              (indent-for-comment)
              ;; Repeat once more, flagging as iteration
-             (cperl-fill-paragraph justify t)))))))
+             (cperl-fill-paragraph justify t))))))
+  t)
 
 (defun cperl-do-auto-fill ()
   ;; Break out if the line is short enough
 
 (defun cperl-do-auto-fill ()
   ;; Break out if the line is short enough
@@ -4401,8 +5554,8 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
   (let ((index-alist '()) (index-pack-alist '()) (index-pod-alist '())
        (index-unsorted-alist '()) (i-s-f (default-value 'imenu-sort-function))
        (index-meth-alist '()) meth
   (let ((index-alist '()) (index-pack-alist '()) (index-pod-alist '())
        (index-unsorted-alist '()) (i-s-f (default-value 'imenu-sort-function))
        (index-meth-alist '()) meth
-       packages ends-ranges p marker
-       (prev-pos 0) char fchar index index1 name (end-range 0) package)
+       packages ends-ranges p marker is-proto
+       (prev-pos 0) is-pack index index1 name (end-range 0) package)
     (goto-char (point-min))
     (cperl-update-syntaxification (point-max) (point-max))
     ;; Search for the function
     (goto-char (point-min))
     (cperl-update-syntaxification (point-max) (point-max))
     ;; Search for the function
@@ -4410,72 +5563,81 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
       (while (re-search-forward
              (or regexp cperl-imenu--function-name-regexp-perl)
              nil t)
       (while (re-search-forward
              (or regexp cperl-imenu--function-name-regexp-perl)
              nil t)
+       ;; 2=package-group, 5=package-name 8=sub-name
        (cond
         ((and                          ; Skip some noise if building tags
        (cond
         ((and                          ; Skip some noise if building tags
-          (match-beginning 2)          ; package or sub
-          (eq (char-after (match-beginning 2)) ?p) ; package
+          (match-beginning 5)          ; package name
+          ;;(eq (char-after (match-beginning 2)) ?p) ; package
           (not (save-match-data
                  (looking-at "[ \t\n]*;")))) ; Plain text word 'package'
          nil)
         ((and
           (not (save-match-data
                  (looking-at "[ \t\n]*;")))) ; Plain text word 'package'
          nil)
         ((and
-          (match-beginning 2)          ; package or sub
+          (or (match-beginning 2)
+              (match-beginning 8))             ; package or sub
           ;; Skip if quoted (will not skip multi-line ''-strings :-():
           (null (get-text-property (match-beginning 1) 'syntax-table))
           (null (get-text-property (match-beginning 1) 'syntax-type))
           (null (get-text-property (match-beginning 1) 'in-pod)))
           ;; Skip if quoted (will not skip multi-line ''-strings :-():
           (null (get-text-property (match-beginning 1) 'syntax-table))
           (null (get-text-property (match-beginning 1) 'syntax-type))
           (null (get-text-property (match-beginning 1) 'in-pod)))
-         (save-excursion
-           (goto-char (match-beginning 2))
-           (setq fchar (following-char)))
+         (setq is-pack (match-beginning 2))
          ;; (if (looking-at "([^()]*)[ \t\n\f]*")
          ;;    (goto-char (match-end 0)))      ; Messes what follows
          ;; (if (looking-at "([^()]*)[ \t\n\f]*")
          ;;    (goto-char (match-end 0)))      ; Messes what follows
-         (setq char (following-char)   ; ?\; for "sub foo () ;"
-               meth nil
+         (setq meth nil
                p (point))
          (while (and ends-ranges (>= p (car ends-ranges)))
            ;; delete obsolete entries
            (setq ends-ranges (cdr ends-ranges) packages (cdr packages)))
          (setq package (or (car packages) "")
                end-range (or (car ends-ranges) 0))
                p (point))
          (while (and ends-ranges (>= p (car ends-ranges)))
            ;; delete obsolete entries
            (setq ends-ranges (cdr ends-ranges) packages (cdr packages)))
          (setq package (or (car packages) "")
                end-range (or (car ends-ranges) 0))
-         (if (eq fchar ?p)
-             (setq name (buffer-substring (match-beginning 3) (match-end 3))
-                   name (progn
-                          (set-text-properties 0 (length name) nil name)
-                          name)
-                   package (concat name "::")
-                   name (concat "package " name)
-                   end-range
-                   (save-excursion
-                     (parse-partial-sexp (point) (point-max) -1) (point))
-                   ends-ranges (cons end-range ends-ranges)
-                   packages (cons package packages)))
-         ;;   )
+         (if is-pack                   ; doing "package"
+             (progn
+               (if (match-beginning 5) ; named package
+                   (setq name (buffer-substring (match-beginning 5)
+                                                (match-end 5))
+                         name (progn
+                                (set-text-properties 0 (length name) nil name)
+                                name)
+                         package (concat name "::")
+                         name (concat "package " name))
+                 ;; Support nameless packages
+                 (setq name "package;" package ""))
+               (setq end-range
+                     (save-excursion
+                       (parse-partial-sexp (point) (point-max) -1) (point))
+                     ends-ranges (cons end-range ends-ranges)
+                     packages (cons package packages)))
+           (setq is-proto
+                 (or (eq (following-char) ?\;)
+                     (eq 0 (get-text-property (point) 'attrib-group)))))
          ;; Skip this function name if it is a prototype declaration.
          ;; Skip this function name if it is a prototype declaration.
-         (if (and (eq fchar ?s) (eq char ?\;)) nil
-           (setq name (buffer-substring (match-beginning 3) (match-end 3))
-                 marker (make-marker))
-           (set-text-properties 0 (length name) nil name)
-           (set-marker marker (match-end 3))
-           (if (eq fchar ?p)
-               (setq name (concat "package " name))
-             (cond ((string-match "[:']" name)
-                    (setq meth t))
-                   ((> p end-range) nil)
-                   (t
-                    (setq name (concat package name) meth t))))
+         (if (and is-proto (not is-pack)) nil
+           (or is-pack
+               (setq name
+                     (buffer-substring (match-beginning 8) (match-end 8)))
+               (set-text-properties 0 (length name) nil name))
+           (setq marker (make-marker))
+           (set-marker marker (match-end (if is-pack 2 8)))
+           (cond (is-pack nil)
+                 ((string-match "[:']" name)
+                  (setq meth t))
+                 ((> p end-range) nil)
+                 (t
+                  (setq name (concat package name) meth t)))
            (setq index (cons name marker))
            (setq index (cons name marker))
-           (if (eq fchar ?p)
+           (if is-pack
                (push index index-pack-alist)
              (push index index-alist))
            (if meth (push index index-meth-alist))
            (push index index-unsorted-alist)))
                (push index index-pack-alist)
              (push index index-alist))
            (if meth (push index index-meth-alist))
            (push index index-unsorted-alist)))
-        ((match-beginning 5)           ; POD section
-         ;; (beginning-of-line)
-         (setq index (imenu-example--name-and-position)
-               name (buffer-substring (match-beginning 6) (match-end 6)))
+        ((match-beginning 16)          ; POD section
+         (setq name (buffer-substring (match-beginning 17) (match-end 17))
+               marker (make-marker))
+         (set-marker marker (match-beginning 17))
          (set-text-properties 0 (length name) nil name)
          (set-text-properties 0 (length name) nil name)
-         (if (eq (char-after (match-beginning 5)) ?2)
-             (setq name (concat "   " name)))
-         (setcar index name)
+         (setq name (concat (make-string
+                             (* 3 (- (char-after (match-beginning 16)) ?1))
+                             ?\ )
+                            name)
+               index (cons name marker))
          (setq index1 (cons (concat "=" name) (cdr index)))
          (push index index-pod-alist)
          (push index1 index-unsorted-alist)))))
          (setq index1 (cons (concat "=" name) (cdr index)))
          (push index index-pod-alist)
          (push index1 index-unsorted-alist)))))
@@ -4539,45 +5701,32 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
 (defun cperl-outline-level ()
   (looking-at outline-regexp)
   (cond ((not (match-beginning 1)) 0)  ; beginning-of-file
 (defun cperl-outline-level ()
   (looking-at outline-regexp)
   (cond ((not (match-beginning 1)) 0)  ; beginning-of-file
-       ((match-beginning 2)
-        (if (eq (char-after (match-beginning 2)) ?p)
-            0                          ; package
-          1))                          ; sub
-       ((match-beginning 5)
-        (if (eq (char-after (match-beginning 5)) ?1)
-            1                          ; head1
-          2))                          ; head2
-       (t 3)))                         ; should not happen
+;;;; 2=package-group, 5=package-name 8=sub-name 16=head-level
+       ((match-beginning 2) 0)         ; package
+       ((match-beginning 8) 1)         ; sub
+       ((match-beginning 16)
+        (- (char-after (match-beginning 16)) ?0)) ; headN ==> N
+       (t 5)))                         ; should not happen
 
 \f
 
 \f
-(defvar cperl-compilation-error-regexp-alist
-  ;; This look like a paranoiac regexp: could anybody find a better one? (which WORK).
-  '(("^[^\n]* \\(file\\|at\\) \\([^ \t\n]+\\) [^\n]*line \\([0-9]+\\)[\\., \n]"
-     2 3))
-  "Alist that specifies how to match errors in perl output.")
-
-(if (fboundp 'eval-after-load)
-    (eval-after-load
-       "mode-compile"
-      '(setq perl-compilation-error-regexp-alist
-            cperl-compilation-error-regexp-alist)))
-
-
 (defun cperl-windowed-init ()
   "Initialization under windowed version."
 (defun cperl-windowed-init ()
   "Initialization under windowed version."
-  (if (or (featurep 'ps-print) cperl-faces-init)
-      ;; Need to init anyway:
-      (or cperl-faces-init (cperl-init-faces))
-    (add-hook 'font-lock-mode-hook
-             (function
-              (lambda ()
-                (if (memq major-mode '(perl-mode cperl-mode))
-                    (progn
-                      (or cperl-faces-init (cperl-init-faces)))))))
-    (if (fboundp 'eval-after-load)
-       (eval-after-load
-           "ps-print"
-         '(or cperl-faces-init (cperl-init-faces))))))
+  (cond ((featurep 'ps-print)
+        (unless cperl-faces-init
+          (if (boundp 'font-lock-multiline)
+              (setq cperl-font-lock-multiline t))
+          (cperl-init-faces)))
+       ((not cperl-faces-init)
+        (add-hook 'font-lock-mode-hook
+                  (function
+                   (lambda ()
+                     (if (memq major-mode '(perl-mode cperl-mode))
+                         (progn
+                           (or cperl-faces-init (cperl-init-faces)))))))
+        (if (fboundp 'eval-after-load)
+            (eval-after-load
+                "ps-print"
+              '(or cperl-faces-init (cperl-init-faces)))))))
 
 (defvar cperl-font-lock-keywords-1 nil
   "Additional expressions to highlight in Perl mode.  Minimal set.")
 
 (defvar cperl-font-lock-keywords-1 nil
   "Additional expressions to highlight in Perl mode.  Minimal set.")
@@ -4602,9 +5751,12 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
   ;; Allow `cperl-find-pods-heres' to run.
   (or (boundp 'font-lock-constant-face)
       (cperl-force-face font-lock-constant-face
   ;; Allow `cperl-find-pods-heres' to run.
   (or (boundp 'font-lock-constant-face)
       (cperl-force-face font-lock-constant-face
-                        "Face for constant and label names")
-      ;;(setq font-lock-constant-face 'font-lock-constant-face)
-      ))
+                        "Face for constant and label names"))
+  (or (boundp 'font-lock-warning-face)
+      (cperl-force-face font-lock-warning-face
+                       "Face for things which should stand out"))
+  ;;(setq font-lock-constant-face 'font-lock-constant-face)
+  )
 
 (defun cperl-init-faces ()
   (condition-case errs
 
 (defun cperl-init-faces ()
   (condition-case errs
@@ -4627,7 +5779,7 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
               'identity
               '("if" "until" "while" "elsif" "else" "unless" "for"
                 "foreach" "continue" "exit" "die" "last" "goto" "next"
               'identity
               '("if" "until" "while" "elsif" "else" "unless" "for"
                 "foreach" "continue" "exit" "die" "last" "goto" "next"
-                "redo" "return" "local" "exec" "sub" "do" "dump" "use"
+                "redo" "return" "local" "exec" "sub" "do" "dump" "use" "our"
                 "require" "package" "eval" "my" "BEGIN" "END" "CHECK" "INIT")
               "\\|")                   ; Flow control
              "\\)\\>") 2)              ; was "\\)[ \n\t;():,\|&]"
                 "require" "package" "eval" "my" "BEGIN" "END" "CHECK" "INIT")
               "\\|")                   ; Flow control
              "\\)\\>") 2)              ; was "\\)[ \n\t;():,\|&]"
@@ -4711,7 +5863,7 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
              ;; "chop" "defined" "delete" "do" "each" "else" "elsif"
              ;; "eval" "exists" "for" "foreach" "format" "goto"
              ;; "grep" "if" "keys" "last" "local" "map" "my" "next"
              ;; "chop" "defined" "delete" "do" "each" "else" "elsif"
              ;; "eval" "exists" "for" "foreach" "format" "goto"
              ;; "grep" "if" "keys" "last" "local" "map" "my" "next"
-             ;; "no" "package" "pop" "pos" "print" "printf" "push"
+             ;; "no" "our" "package" "pop" "pos" "print" "printf" "push"
              ;; "q" "qq" "qw" "qx" "redo" "return" "scalar" "shift"
              ;; "sort" "splice" "split" "study" "sub" "tie" "tr"
              ;; "undef" "unless" "unshift" "untie" "until" "use"
              ;; "q" "qq" "qw" "qx" "redo" "return" "scalar" "shift"
              ;; "sort" "splice" "split" "study" "sub" "tie" "tr"
              ;; "undef" "unless" "unshift" "untie" "until" "use"
@@ -4726,15 +5878,38 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
              "u\\(se\\|n\\(shift\\|ti\\(l\\|e\\)\\|def\\|less\\)\\)\\|"
              "while\\|y\\|__\\(END\\|DATA\\)__" ;__DATA__ added manually
              "\\|[sm]"                 ; Added manually
              "u\\(se\\|n\\(shift\\|ti\\(l\\|e\\)\\|def\\|less\\)\\)\\|"
              "while\\|y\\|__\\(END\\|DATA\\)__" ;__DATA__ added manually
              "\\|[sm]"                 ; Added manually
-             "\\)\\>") 2 'cperl-nonoverridable)
+             "\\)\\>") 2 'cperl-nonoverridable-face)
            ;;          (mapconcat 'identity
            ;;                     '("#endif" "#else" "#ifdef" "#ifndef" "#if"
            ;;                       "#include" "#define" "#undef")
            ;;                     "\\|")
            '("-[rwxoRWXOezsfdlpSbctugkTBMAC]\\>\\([ \t]+_\\>\\)?" 0
              font-lock-function-name-face keep) ; Not very good, triggers at "[a-z]"
            ;;          (mapconcat 'identity
            ;;                     '("#endif" "#else" "#ifdef" "#ifndef" "#if"
            ;;                       "#include" "#define" "#undef")
            ;;                     "\\|")
            '("-[rwxoRWXOezsfdlpSbctugkTBMAC]\\>\\([ \t]+_\\>\\)?" 0
              font-lock-function-name-face keep) ; Not very good, triggers at "[a-z]"
-           '("\\<sub[ \t]+\\([^ \t{;()]+\\)[ \t]*\\(([^()]*)[ \t]*\\)?[#{\n]" 1
-             font-lock-function-name-face)
+           ;; This highlights declarations and definitions differenty.
+           ;; We do not try to highlight in the case of attributes:
+           ;; it is already done by `cperl-find-pods-heres'
+           (list (concat "\\<sub"
+                         cperl-white-and-comment-rex ; whitespace/comments
+                         "\\([^ \n\t{;()]+\\)" ; 2=name (assume non-anonymous)
+                         "\\("
+                           cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex ;whitespace/comments?
+                           "([^()]*)\\)?" ; prototype
+                         cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex ; whitespace/comments?
+                         "[{;]")
+                 2 (if cperl-font-lock-multiline
+                       '(if (eq (char-after (cperl-1- (match-end 0))) ?\{ )
+                            'font-lock-function-name-face
+                          'font-lock-variable-name-face)
+                     ;; need to manually set 'multiline' for older font-locks
+                     '(progn
+                        (if (< 1 (count-lines (match-beginning 0)
+                                              (match-end 0)))
+                            (put-text-property
+                             (+ 3 (match-beginning 0)) (match-end 0)
+                             'syntax-type 'multiline))
+                        (if (eq (char-after (cperl-1- (match-end 0))) ?\{ )
+                            'font-lock-function-name-face
+                          'font-lock-variable-name-face))))
            '("\\<\\(package\\|require\\|use\\|import\\|no\\|bootstrap\\)[ \t]+\\([a-zA-z_][a-zA-z_0-9:]*\\)[ \t;]" ; require A if B;
              2 font-lock-function-name-face)
            '("^[ \t]*format[ \t]+\\([a-zA-z_][a-zA-z_0-9:]*\\)[ \t]*=[ \t]*$"
            '("\\<\\(package\\|require\\|use\\|import\\|no\\|bootstrap\\)[ \t]+\\([a-zA-z_][a-zA-z_0-9:]*\\)[ \t;]" ; require A if B;
              2 font-lock-function-name-face)
            '("^[ \t]*format[ \t]+\\([a-zA-z_][a-zA-z_0-9:]*\\)[ \t]*=[ \t]*$"
@@ -4770,12 +5945,56 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
                                   (2 '(restart 2 nil) nil t)))
                        nil t)))        ; local variables, multiple
                  (font-lock-anchored
                                   (2 '(restart 2 nil) nil t)))
                        nil t)))        ; local variables, multiple
                  (font-lock-anchored
-                  '("^[ \t{}]*\\(my\\|local\\|our\\)[ \t]*\\(([ \t]*\\)?\\([$@%*][a-zA-Z0-9_:]+\\)"
-                    (3 font-lock-variable-name-face)
-                    ("\\=[ \t]*,[ \t]*\\([$@%*][a-zA-Z0-9_:]+\\)"
-                     nil nil
-                     (1 font-lock-variable-name-face))))
-                 (t '("^[ \t{}]*\\(my\\|local\\our\\)[ \t]*\\(([ \t]*\\)?\\([$@%*][a-zA-Z0-9_:]+\\)"
+                  ;; 1=my_etc, 2=white? 3=(+white? 4=white? 5=var
+                  (` ((, (concat "\\<\\(my\\|local\\|our\\)"
+                                 cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex
+                                 "\\(("
+                                    cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex
+                                 "\\)?\\([$@%*]\\([a-zA-Z0-9_:]+\\|[^a-zA-Z0-9_]\\)\\)"))
+                      (5 (, (if cperl-font-lock-multiline
+                                'font-lock-variable-name-face
+                              '(progn  (setq cperl-font-lock-multiline-start
+                                             (match-beginning 0))
+                                       'font-lock-variable-name-face))))
+                      ((, (concat "\\="
+                                  cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex
+                                  ","
+                                  cperl-maybe-white-and-comment-rex
+                                  "\\([$@%*]\\([a-zA-Z0-9_:]+\\|[^a-zA-Z0-9_]\\)\\)"))
+                       ;; Bug in font-lock: limit is used not only to limit 
+                       ;; searches, but to set the "extend window for
+                       ;; facification" property.  Thus we need to minimize.
+                       (, (if cperl-font-lock-multiline
+                            '(if (match-beginning 3)
+                                 (save-excursion
+                                   (goto-char (match-beginning 3))
+                                   (condition-case nil
+                                       (forward-sexp 1)
+                                     (error
+                                      (condition-case nil
+                                          (forward-char 200)
+                                        (error nil)))) ; typeahead
+                                   (1- (point))) ; report limit
+                               (forward-char -2)) ; disable continued expr
+                            '(if (match-beginning 3)
+                                 (point-max) ; No limit for continuation
+                               (forward-char -2)))) ; disable continued expr
+                       (, (if cperl-font-lock-multiline
+                              nil
+                            '(progn    ; Do at end
+                               ;; "my" may be already fontified (POD),
+                               ;; so cperl-font-lock-multiline-start is nil
+                               (if (or (not cperl-font-lock-multiline-start)
+                                       (> 2 (count-lines
+                                             cperl-font-lock-multiline-start
+                                             (point))))
+                                   nil
+                                 (put-text-property
+                                  (1+ cperl-font-lock-multiline-start) (point)
+                                  'syntax-type 'multiline))
+                               (setq cperl-font-lock-multiline-start nil))))
+                       (3 font-lock-variable-name-face)))))
+                 (t '("^[ \t{}]*\\(my\\|local\\|our\\)[ \t]*\\(([ \t]*\\)?\\([$@%*][a-zA-Z0-9_:]+\\)"
                       3 font-lock-variable-name-face)))
            '("\\<for\\(each\\)?\\([ \t]+\\(my\\|local\\|our\\)\\)?[ \t]*\\(\\$[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*\\)[ \t]*("
              4 font-lock-variable-name-face)
                       3 font-lock-variable-name-face)))
            '("\\<for\\(each\\)?\\([ \t]+\\(my\\|local\\|our\\)\\)?[ \t]*\\(\\$[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*\\)[ \t]*("
              4 font-lock-variable-name-face)
@@ -4785,21 +6004,32 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
          (setq
           t-font-lock-keywords-1
           (and (fboundp 'turn-on-font-lock) ; Check for newer font-lock
          (setq
           t-font-lock-keywords-1
           (and (fboundp 'turn-on-font-lock) ; Check for newer font-lock
-               (not cperl-xemacs-p)    ; not yet as of XEmacs 19.12
+               ;; not yet as of XEmacs 19.12, works with 21.1.11
+               (or
+                (not cperl-xemacs-p)
+                (string< "21.1.9" emacs-version)
+                (and (string< "21.1.10" emacs-version)
+                     (string< emacs-version "21.1.2")))
                '(
                  ("\\(\\([@%]\\|\$#\\)[a-zA-Z_:][a-zA-Z0-9_:]*\\)" 1
                   (if (eq (char-after (match-beginning 2)) ?%)
                '(
                  ("\\(\\([@%]\\|\$#\\)[a-zA-Z_:][a-zA-Z0-9_:]*\\)" 1
                   (if (eq (char-after (match-beginning 2)) ?%)
-                      'cperl-hash
-                    'cperl-array)
+                      'cperl-hash-face
+                    'cperl-array-face)
                   t)                   ; arrays and hashes
                  ("\\(\\([$@]+\\)[a-zA-Z_:][a-zA-Z0-9_:]*\\)[ \t]*\\([[{]\\)"
                   1
                   (if (= (- (match-end 2) (match-beginning 2)) 1)
                       (if (eq (char-after (match-beginning 3)) ?{)
                   t)                   ; arrays and hashes
                  ("\\(\\([$@]+\\)[a-zA-Z_:][a-zA-Z0-9_:]*\\)[ \t]*\\([[{]\\)"
                   1
                   (if (= (- (match-end 2) (match-beginning 2)) 1)
                       (if (eq (char-after (match-beginning 3)) ?{)
-                          'cperl-hash
-                        'cperl-array) ; arrays and hashes
+                          'cperl-hash-face
+                        'cperl-array-face) ; arrays and hashes
                     font-lock-variable-name-face) ; Just to put something
                   t)
                     font-lock-variable-name-face) ; Just to put something
                   t)
+                 ("\\(@\\|\\$#\\)\\(\\$+\\([a-zA-Z_:][a-zA-Z0-9_:]*\\|[^ \t\n]\\)\\)"
+                  (1 cperl-array-face)
+                  (2 font-lock-variable-name-face))
+                 ("\\(%\\)\\(\\$+\\([a-zA-Z_:][a-zA-Z0-9_:]*\\|[^ \t\n]\\)\\)"
+                  (1 cperl-hash-face)
+                  (2 font-lock-variable-name-face))
                  ;;("\\([smy]\\|tr\\)\\([^a-z_A-Z0-9]\\)\\(\\([^\n\\]*||\\)\\)\\2")
                       ;;; Too much noise from \s* @s[ and friends
                  ;;("\\(\\<\\([msy]\\|tr\\)[ \t]*\\([^ \t\na-zA-Z0-9_]\\)\\|\\(/\\)\\)"
                  ;;("\\([smy]\\|tr\\)\\([^a-z_A-Z0-9]\\)\\(\\([^\n\\]*||\\)\\)\\2")
                       ;;; Too much noise from \s* @s[ and friends
                  ;;("\\(\\<\\([msy]\\|tr\\)[ \t]*\\([^ \t\na-zA-Z0-9_]\\)\\|\\(/\\)\\)"
@@ -4811,7 +6041,7 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
          (if cperl-highlight-variables-indiscriminately
              (setq t-font-lock-keywords-1
                    (append t-font-lock-keywords-1
          (if cperl-highlight-variables-indiscriminately
              (setq t-font-lock-keywords-1
                    (append t-font-lock-keywords-1
-                           (list '("[$*]{?\\(\\sw+\\)" 1
+                           (list '("\\([$*]{?\\sw+\\)" 1
                                    font-lock-variable-name-face)))))
          (setq cperl-font-lock-keywords-1
                (if cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock
                                    font-lock-variable-name-face)))))
          (setq cperl-font-lock-keywords-1
                (if cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock
@@ -4864,27 +6094,35 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
                      [nil              nil             t               t       t]
                      nil
                      [nil              nil             t               t       t])
                      [nil              nil             t               t       t]
                      nil
                      [nil              nil             t               t       t])
+               (list 'font-lock-warning-face
+                     ["Pink"           "Red"           "Gray50"        "LightGray"]
+                     ["gray20"         "gray90"
+                                                       "gray80"        "gray20"]
+                     [nil              nil             t               t       t]
+                     nil
+                     [nil              nil             t               t       t]
+                     )
                (list 'font-lock-constant-face
                      ["CadetBlue"      "Aquamarine"    "Gray50"        "LightGray"]
                      nil
                      [nil              nil             t               t       t]
                      nil
                      [nil              nil             t               t       t])
                (list 'font-lock-constant-face
                      ["CadetBlue"      "Aquamarine"    "Gray50"        "LightGray"]
                      nil
                      [nil              nil             t               t       t]
                      nil
                      [nil              nil             t               t       t])
-               (list 'cperl-nonoverridable
+               (list 'cperl-nonoverridable-face
                      ["chartreuse3"    ("orchid1" "orange")
                       nil              "Gray80"]
                      [nil              nil             "gray90"]
                      [nil              nil             nil             t       t]
                      [nil              nil             t               t]
                      [nil              nil             t               t       t])
                      ["chartreuse3"    ("orchid1" "orange")
                       nil              "Gray80"]
                      [nil              nil             "gray90"]
                      [nil              nil             nil             t       t]
                      [nil              nil             t               t]
                      [nil              nil             t               t       t])
-               (list 'cperl-array
+               (list 'cperl-array-face
                      ["blue"           "yellow"        nil             "Gray80"]
                      ["lightyellow2"   ("navy" "os2blue" "darkgreen")
                       "gray90"]
                      t
                      nil
                      nil)
                      ["blue"           "yellow"        nil             "Gray80"]
                      ["lightyellow2"   ("navy" "os2blue" "darkgreen")
                       "gray90"]
                      t
                      nil
                      nil)
-               (list 'cperl-hash
+               (list 'cperl-hash-face
                      ["red"            "red"           nil             "Gray80"]
                      ["lightyellow2"   ("navy" "os2blue" "darkgreen")
                       "gray90"]
                      ["red"            "red"           nil             "Gray80"]
                      ["lightyellow2"   ("navy" "os2blue" "darkgreen")
                       "gray90"]
@@ -4907,15 +6145,17 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
                            "Face for variable names")
          (cperl-force-face font-lock-type-face
                            "Face for data types")
                            "Face for variable names")
          (cperl-force-face font-lock-type-face
                            "Face for data types")
-         (cperl-force-face cperl-nonoverridable
+         (cperl-force-face cperl-nonoverridable-face
                            "Face for data types from another group")
                            "Face for data types from another group")
+         (cperl-force-face font-lock-warning-face
+                           "Face for things which should stand out")
          (cperl-force-face font-lock-comment-face
                            "Face for comments")
          (cperl-force-face font-lock-function-name-face
                            "Face for function names")
          (cperl-force-face font-lock-comment-face
                            "Face for comments")
          (cperl-force-face font-lock-function-name-face
                            "Face for function names")
-         (cperl-force-face cperl-hash
+         (cperl-force-face cperl-hash-face
                            "Face for hashes")
                            "Face for hashes")
-         (cperl-force-face cperl-array
+         (cperl-force-face cperl-array-face
                            "Face for arrays")
          ;;(defvar font-lock-constant-face 'font-lock-constant-face)
          ;;(defvar font-lock-variable-name-face 'font-lock-variable-name-face)
                            "Face for arrays")
          ;;(defvar font-lock-constant-face 'font-lock-constant-face)
          ;;(defvar font-lock-variable-name-face 'font-lock-variable-name-face)
@@ -4925,7 +6165,7 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
          ;;    "Face to use for data types."))
          ;;(or (boundp 'cperl-nonoverridable-face)
          ;;    (defconst cperl-nonoverridable-face
          ;;    "Face to use for data types."))
          ;;(or (boundp 'cperl-nonoverridable-face)
          ;;    (defconst cperl-nonoverridable-face
-         ;;    'cperl-nonoverridable
+         ;;    'cperl-nonoverridable-face
          ;;    "Face to use for data types from another group."))
          ;;(if (not cperl-xemacs-p) nil
          ;;  (or (boundp 'font-lock-comment-face)
          ;;    "Face to use for data types from another group."))
          ;;(if (not cperl-xemacs-p) nil
          ;;  (or (boundp 'font-lock-comment-face)
@@ -4941,24 +6181,24 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
          ;;      'font-lock-function-name-face
          ;;      "Face to use for function names.")))
          (if (and
          ;;      'font-lock-function-name-face
          ;;      "Face to use for function names.")))
          (if (and
-              (not (cperl-is-face 'cperl-array))
+              (not (cperl-is-face 'cperl-array-face))
               (cperl-is-face 'font-lock-emphasized-face))
               (cperl-is-face 'font-lock-emphasized-face))
-             (copy-face 'font-lock-emphasized-face 'cperl-array))
+             (copy-face 'font-lock-emphasized-face 'cperl-array-face))
          (if (and
          (if (and
-              (not (cperl-is-face 'cperl-hash))
+              (not (cperl-is-face 'cperl-hash-face))
               (cperl-is-face 'font-lock-other-emphasized-face))
               (cperl-is-face 'font-lock-other-emphasized-face))
-             (copy-face 'font-lock-other-emphasized-face 'cperl-hash))
+             (copy-face 'font-lock-other-emphasized-face 'cperl-hash-face))
          (if (and
          (if (and
-              (not (cperl-is-face 'cperl-nonoverridable))
+              (not (cperl-is-face 'cperl-nonoverridable-face))
               (cperl-is-face 'font-lock-other-type-face))
               (cperl-is-face 'font-lock-other-type-face))
-             (copy-face 'font-lock-other-type-face 'cperl-nonoverridable))
+             (copy-face 'font-lock-other-type-face 'cperl-nonoverridable-face))
          ;;(or (boundp 'cperl-hash-face)
          ;;    (defconst cperl-hash-face
          ;;(or (boundp 'cperl-hash-face)
          ;;    (defconst cperl-hash-face
-         ;;    'cperl-hash
+         ;;    'cperl-hash-face
          ;;    "Face to use for hashes."))
          ;;(or (boundp 'cperl-array-face)
          ;;    (defconst cperl-array-face
          ;;    "Face to use for hashes."))
          ;;(or (boundp 'cperl-array-face)
          ;;    (defconst cperl-array-face
-         ;;    'cperl-array
+         ;;    'cperl-array-face
          ;;    "Face to use for arrays."))
          ;; Here we try to guess background
          (let ((background
          ;;    "Face to use for arrays."))
          ;; Here we try to guess background
          (let ((background
@@ -4997,17 +6237,17 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
                                       "pink")))
               (t
                (set-face-background 'font-lock-type-face "gray90"))))
                                       "pink")))
               (t
                (set-face-background 'font-lock-type-face "gray90"))))
-           (if (cperl-is-face 'cperl-nonoverridable)
+           (if (cperl-is-face 'cperl-nonoverridable-face)
                nil
                nil
-             (copy-face 'font-lock-type-face 'cperl-nonoverridable)
+             (copy-face 'font-lock-type-face 'cperl-nonoverridable-face)
              (cond
               ((eq background 'light)
              (cond
               ((eq background 'light)
-               (set-face-foreground 'cperl-nonoverridable
+               (set-face-foreground 'cperl-nonoverridable-face
                                     (if (x-color-defined-p "chartreuse3")
                                         "chartreuse3"
                                       "chartreuse")))
               ((eq background 'dark)
                                     (if (x-color-defined-p "chartreuse3")
                                         "chartreuse3"
                                       "chartreuse")))
               ((eq background 'dark)
-               (set-face-foreground 'cperl-nonoverridable
+               (set-face-foreground 'cperl-nonoverridable-face
                                     (if (x-color-defined-p "orchid1")
                                         "orchid1"
                                       "orange")))))
                                     (if (x-color-defined-p "orchid1")
                                         "orchid1"
                                       "orange")))))
@@ -5059,15 +6299,15 @@ indentation and initial hashes.  Behaves usually outside of comment."
     '(setq ps-bold-faces
           ;;                   font-lock-variable-name-face
           ;;                   font-lock-constant-face
     '(setq ps-bold-faces
           ;;                   font-lock-variable-name-face
           ;;                   font-lock-constant-face
-          (append '(cperl-array cperl-hash)
+          (append '(cperl-array-face cperl-hash-face)
                   ps-bold-faces)
           ps-italic-faces
           ;;                   font-lock-constant-face
                   ps-bold-faces)
           ps-italic-faces
           ;;                   font-lock-constant-face
-          (append '(cperl-nonoverridable cperl-hash)
+          (append '(cperl-nonoverridable-face cperl-hash-face)
                   ps-italic-faces)
           ps-underlined-faces
           ;;        font-lock-type-face
                   ps-italic-faces)
           ps-underlined-faces
           ;;        font-lock-type-face
-          (append '(cperl-array cperl-hash underline cperl-nonoverridable)
+          (append '(cperl-array-face cperl-hash-face underline cperl-nonoverridable-face)
                   ps-underlined-faces))))
 
 (defvar ps-print-face-extension-alist)
                   ps-underlined-faces))))
 
 (defvar ps-print-face-extension-alist)
@@ -5100,27 +6340,27 @@ Style of printout regulated by the variable `cperl-ps-print-face-properties'."
 ;;;   (defvar ps-italic-faces nil)
 ;;;   (setq ps-bold-faces
 ;;;    (append '(font-lock-emphasized-face
 ;;;   (defvar ps-italic-faces nil)
 ;;;   (setq ps-bold-faces
 ;;;    (append '(font-lock-emphasized-face
-;;;              cperl-array
+;;;              cperl-array-face
 ;;;              font-lock-keyword-face
 ;;;              font-lock-variable-name-face
 ;;;              font-lock-constant-face
 ;;;              font-lock-reference-face
 ;;;              font-lock-other-emphasized-face
 ;;;              font-lock-keyword-face
 ;;;              font-lock-variable-name-face
 ;;;              font-lock-constant-face
 ;;;              font-lock-reference-face
 ;;;              font-lock-other-emphasized-face
-;;;              cperl-hash)
+;;;              cperl-hash-face)
 ;;;            ps-bold-faces))
 ;;;   (setq ps-italic-faces
 ;;;            ps-bold-faces))
 ;;;   (setq ps-italic-faces
-;;;    (append '(cperl-nonoverridable
+;;;    (append '(cperl-nonoverridable-face
 ;;;              font-lock-constant-face
 ;;;              font-lock-reference-face
 ;;;              font-lock-other-emphasized-face
 ;;;              font-lock-constant-face
 ;;;              font-lock-reference-face
 ;;;              font-lock-other-emphasized-face
-;;;              cperl-hash)
+;;;              cperl-hash-face)
 ;;;            ps-italic-faces))
 ;;;   (setq ps-underlined-faces
 ;;;    (append '(font-lock-emphasized-face
 ;;;            ps-italic-faces))
 ;;;   (setq ps-underlined-faces
 ;;;    (append '(font-lock-emphasized-face
-;;;              cperl-array
+;;;              cperl-array-face
 ;;;              font-lock-other-emphasized-face
 ;;;              font-lock-other-emphasized-face
-;;;              cperl-hash
-;;;              cperl-nonoverridable font-lock-type-face)
+;;;              cperl-hash-face
+;;;              cperl-nonoverridable-face font-lock-type-face)
 ;;;            ps-underlined-faces))
 ;;;   (cons 'font-lock-type-face ps-underlined-faces))
 
 ;;;            ps-underlined-faces))
 ;;;   (cons 'font-lock-type-face ps-underlined-faces))
 
@@ -5130,79 +6370,211 @@ Style of printout regulated by the variable `cperl-ps-print-face-properties'."
 (defconst cperl-styles-entries
   '(cperl-indent-level cperl-brace-offset cperl-continued-brace-offset
     cperl-label-offset cperl-extra-newline-before-brace
 (defconst cperl-styles-entries
   '(cperl-indent-level cperl-brace-offset cperl-continued-brace-offset
     cperl-label-offset cperl-extra-newline-before-brace
+    cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline
     cperl-merge-trailing-else
     cperl-continued-statement-offset))
 
     cperl-merge-trailing-else
     cperl-continued-statement-offset))
 
+(defconst cperl-style-examples
+"##### Numbers etc are: cperl-indent-level cperl-brace-offset
+##### cperl-continued-brace-offset cperl-label-offset
+##### cperl-continued-statement-offset
+##### cperl-merge-trailing-else cperl-extra-newline-before-brace
+
+########### (Do not forget cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline)
+
+### CPerl      (=GNU - extra-newline-before-brace + merge-trailing-else) 2/0/0/-2/2/t/nil
+if (foo) {
+  bar
+    baz;
+ label:
+  {
+    boon;
+  }
+} else {
+  stop;
+}
+
+### PerlStyle  (=CPerl with 4 as indent)               4/0/0/-4/4/t/nil
+if (foo) {
+    bar
+       baz;
+ label:
+    {
+       boon;
+    }
+} else {
+    stop;
+}
+
+### GNU                                                        2/0/0/-2/2/nil/t
+if (foo)
+  {
+    bar
+      baz;
+  label:
+    {
+      boon;
+    }
+  }
+else
+  {
+    stop;
+  }
+
+### C++                (=PerlStyle with braces aligned with control words) 4/0/-4/-4/4/nil/t
+if (foo)
+{
+    bar
+       baz;
+ label:
+    {
+       boon;
+    }
+}
+else
+{
+    stop;
+}
+
+### BSD                (=C++, but will not change preexisting merge-trailing-else
+###             and extra-newline-before-brace )               4/0/-4/-4/4
+if (foo)
+{
+    bar
+       baz;
+ label:
+    {
+       boon;
+    }
+}
+else
+{
+    stop;
+}
+
+### K&R                (=C++ with indent 5 - merge-trailing-else, but will not
+###             change preexisting extra-newline-before-brace) 5/0/-5/-5/5/nil
+if (foo)
+{
+     bar
+         baz;
+ label:
+     {
+         boon;
+     }
+}
+else
+{
+     stop;
+}
+
+### Whitesmith (=PerlStyle, but will not change preexisting
+###             extra-newline-before-brace and merge-trailing-else) 4/0/0/-4/4
+if (foo)
+    {
+       bar
+           baz;
+    label:
+       {
+           boon;
+       }
+    }
+else
+    {
+       stop;
+    }
+"
+"Examples of if/else with different indent styles (with v4.23).")
+
 (defconst cperl-style-alist
 (defconst cperl-style-alist
-  '(("CPerl"                        ; =GNU without extra-newline-before-brace
+  '(("CPerl" ;; =GNU - extra-newline-before-brace + cperl-merge-trailing-else
      (cperl-indent-level               .  2)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     .  0)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -2)
      (cperl-indent-level               .  2)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     .  0)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -2)
+     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  2)
      (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  nil)
      (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  nil)
-     (cperl-merge-trailing-else               .  t)
-     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  2))
+     (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline .  nil)
+     (cperl-merge-trailing-else               .  t))
+
     ("PerlStyle"                       ; CPerl with 4 as indent
      (cperl-indent-level               .  4)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     .  0)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -4)
     ("PerlStyle"                       ; CPerl with 4 as indent
      (cperl-indent-level               .  4)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     .  0)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -4)
+     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  4)
      (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  nil)
      (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  nil)
-     (cperl-merge-trailing-else               .  t)
-     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  4))
+     (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline .  nil)
+     (cperl-merge-trailing-else               .  t))
+
     ("GNU"
      (cperl-indent-level               .  2)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     .  0)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -2)
     ("GNU"
      (cperl-indent-level               .  2)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     .  0)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -2)
+     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  2)
      (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  t)
      (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  t)
-     (cperl-merge-trailing-else               .  nil)
-     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  2))
+     (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline .  t)
+     (cperl-merge-trailing-else               .  nil))
+
     ("K&R"
      (cperl-indent-level               .  5)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     . -5)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -5)
     ("K&R"
      (cperl-indent-level               .  5)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     . -5)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -5)
+     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  5)
      ;;(cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  nil) ; ???
      ;;(cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  nil) ; ???
-     (cperl-merge-trailing-else               .  nil)
-     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  5))
+     ;;(cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline .  nil)
+     (cperl-merge-trailing-else               .  nil))
+
     ("BSD"
      (cperl-indent-level               .  4)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     . -4)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -4)
     ("BSD"
      (cperl-indent-level               .  4)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     . -4)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -4)
+     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  4)
      ;;(cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  nil) ; ???
      ;;(cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  nil) ; ???
-     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  4))
+     ;;(cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline .  nil)
+     ;;(cperl-merge-trailing-else             .  nil) ; ???
+     )
+
     ("C++"
      (cperl-indent-level               .  4)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     . -4)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -4)
      (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  4)
     ("C++"
      (cperl-indent-level               .  4)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     . -4)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -4)
      (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  4)
-     (cperl-merge-trailing-else               .  nil)
-     (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  t))
-    ("Current")
+     (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  t)
+     (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline .  t)
+     (cperl-merge-trailing-else               .  nil))
+
     ("Whitesmith"
      (cperl-indent-level               .  4)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     .  0)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -4)
     ("Whitesmith"
      (cperl-indent-level               .  4)
      (cperl-brace-offset               .  0)
      (cperl-continued-brace-offset     .  0)
      (cperl-label-offset               . -4)
+     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  4)
      ;;(cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  nil) ; ???
      ;;(cperl-extra-newline-before-brace .  nil) ; ???
-     (cperl-continued-statement-offset .  4)))
-  "(Experimental) list of variables to set to get a particular indentation style.
-Should be used via `cperl-set-style' or via Perl menu.")
+     ;;(cperl-extra-newline-before-brace-multiline .  nil)
+     ;;(cperl-merge-trailing-else             .  nil) ; ???
+     )
+    ("Current"))
+  "List of variables to set to get a particular indentation style.
+Should be used via `cperl-set-style' or via Perl menu.
+
+See examples in `cperl-style-examples'.")
 
 (defun cperl-set-style (style)
   "Set CPerl mode variables to use one of several different indentation styles.
 The arguments are a string representing the desired style.
 The list of styles is in `cperl-style-alist', available styles
 
 (defun cperl-set-style (style)
   "Set CPerl mode variables to use one of several different indentation styles.
 The arguments are a string representing the desired style.
 The list of styles is in `cperl-style-alist', available styles
-are GNU, K&R, BSD, C++ and Whitesmith.
+are CPerl, PerlStyle, GNU, K&R, BSD, C++ and Whitesmith.
 
 The current value of style is memorized (unless there is a memorized
 data already), may be restored by `cperl-set-style-back'.
 
 Chosing \"Current\" style will not change style, so this may be used for
 
 The current value of style is memorized (unless there is a memorized
 data already), may be restored by `cperl-set-style-back'.
 
 Chosing \"Current\" style will not change style, so this may be used for
-side-effect of memorizing only."
+side-effect of memorizing only.  Examples in `cperl-style-examples'."
   (interactive
    (let ((list (mapcar (function (lambda (elt) (list (car elt))))
                       cperl-style-alist)))
   (interactive
    (let ((list (mapcar (function (lambda (elt) (list (car elt))))
                       cperl-style-alist)))
@@ -5373,6 +6745,8 @@ Customized by setting variables `cperl-shrink-wrap-info-frame',
    (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1)))
 
 (defun cperl-imenu-on-info ()
    (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1)))
 
 (defun cperl-imenu-on-info ()
+  "Shows imenu for Perl Info Buffer.
+Opens Perl Info buffer if needed."
   (interactive)
   (let* ((buffer (current-buffer))
         imenu-create-index-function
   (interactive)
   (let* ((buffer (current-buffer))
         imenu-create-index-function
@@ -5412,7 +6786,7 @@ If STEP is nil, `cperl-lineup-step' will be used
 \(or `cperl-indent-level', if `cperl-lineup-step' is nil).
 Will not move the position at the start to the left."
   (interactive "r")
 \(or `cperl-indent-level', if `cperl-lineup-step' is nil).
 Will not move the position at the start to the left."
   (interactive "r")
-  (let (search col tcol seen b e)
+  (let (search col tcol seen b)
     (save-excursion
       (goto-char end)
       (end-of-line)
     (save-excursion
       (goto-char end)
       (end-of-line)
@@ -5450,22 +6824,25 @@ Will not move the position at the start to the left."
       (if (/= (% col step) 0) (setq step (* step (1+ (/ col step)))))
       (while
          (progn
       (if (/= (% col step) 0) (setq step (* step (1+ (/ col step)))))
       (while
          (progn
-           (setq e (point))
-           (skip-chars-backward " \t")
-           (delete-region (point) e)
-           (indent-to-column col) ;(make-string (- col (current-column)) ?\s))
+           (cperl-make-indent col)
            (beginning-of-line 2)
            (and (< (point) end)
                 (re-search-forward search end t)
                 (goto-char (match-beginning 0)))))))) ; No body
 
            (beginning-of-line 2)
            (and (< (point) end)
                 (re-search-forward search end t)
                 (goto-char (match-beginning 0)))))))) ; No body
 
-(defun cperl-etags (&optional add all files)
+(defun cperl-etags (&optional add all files) ;; NOT USED???
   "Run etags with appropriate options for Perl files.
 If optional argument ALL is `recursive', will process Perl files
 in subdirectories too."
   (interactive)
   (let ((cmd "etags")
   "Run etags with appropriate options for Perl files.
 If optional argument ALL is `recursive', will process Perl files
 in subdirectories too."
   (interactive)
   (let ((cmd "etags")
-       (args '("-l" "none" "-r" "/\\<\\(package\\|sub\\)[ \\t]+\\(\\([a-zA-Z0-9:_]*::\\)?\\([a-zA-Z0-9_]+\\)[ \\t]*\\(([^()]*)[ \t]*\\)?\\([{#]\\|$\\)\\)/\\4/"))
+       (args '("-l" "none" "-r"
+               ;;       1=fullname  2=package?             3=name                       4=proto?             5=attrs? (VERY APPROX!)
+               "/\\<sub[ \\t]+\\(\\([a-zA-Z0-9:_]*::\\)?\\([a-zA-Z0-9_]+\\)\\)[ \\t]*\\(([^()]*)[ \t]*\\)?\\([ \t]*:[^#{;]*\\)?\\([{#]\\|$\\)/\\3/"
+               "-r"
+               "/\\<package[ \\t]+\\(\\([a-zA-Z0-9:_]*::\\)?\\([a-zA-Z0-9_]+\\)\\)[ \\t]*\\([#;]\\|$\\)/\\1/"
+               "-r"
+               "/\\<\\(package\\)[ \\t]*;/\\1;/"))
        res)
     (if add (setq args (cons "-a" args)))
     (or files (setq files (list buffer-file-name)))
        res)
     (if add (setq args (cons "-a" args)))
     (or files (setq files (list buffer-file-name)))
@@ -5537,6 +6914,29 @@ Delay of auto-help controlled by `cperl-lazy-help-time'."
   (message "indent-region/indent-sexp will %sbe automatically fix whitespace."
           (if cperl-indent-region-fix-constructs "" "not ")))
 
   (message "indent-region/indent-sexp will %sbe automatically fix whitespace."
           (if cperl-indent-region-fix-constructs "" "not ")))
 
+(defun cperl-toggle-set-debug-unwind (arg &optional backtrace)
+  "Toggle (or, with numeric argument, set) debugging state of syntaxification.
+Nonpositive numeric argument disables debugging messages.  The message
+summarizes which regions it was decided to rescan for syntactic constructs.
+
+The message looks like this:
+
+  Syxify req=123..138 actual=101..146 done-to: 112=>146 statepos: 73=>117
+
+Numbers are character positions in the buffer.  REQ provides the range to
+rescan requested by `font-lock'.  ACTUAL is the range actually resyntaxified;
+for correct operation it should start and end outside any special syntactic
+construct.  DONE-TO and STATEPOS indicate changes to internal caches maintained
+by CPerl."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (or arg
+      (setq arg (if (eq cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock 
+                       (if backtrace 'backtrace 'message)) 0 1)))
+  (setq arg (if (> arg 0) (if backtrace 'backtrace 'message) t))
+  (setq cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock arg)
+  (message "Debugging messages of syntax unwind %sabled."
+          (if (eq arg t) "dis" "en")))
+
 ;;;; Tags file creation.
 
 (defvar cperl-tmp-buffer " *cperl-tmp*")
 ;;;; Tags file creation.
 
 (defvar cperl-tmp-buffer " *cperl-tmp*")
@@ -5677,13 +7077,22 @@ Delay of auto-help controlled by `cperl-lazy-help-time'."
        ret))))
 
 (defun cperl-add-tags-recurse-noxs ()
        ret))))
 
 (defun cperl-add-tags-recurse-noxs ()
-  "Add to TAGS data for Perl and XSUB files in the current directory and kids.
+  "Add to TAGS data for \"pure\" Perl files in the current directory and kids.
 Use as
   emacs -batch -q -no-site-file -l emacs/cperl-mode.el \
 Use as
   emacs -batch -q -no-site-file -l emacs/cperl-mode.el \
-        -f cperl-add-tags-recurse
+        -f cperl-add-tags-recurse-noxs
 "
   (cperl-write-tags nil nil t t nil t))
 
 "
   (cperl-write-tags nil nil t t nil t))
 
+(defun cperl-add-tags-recurse-noxs-fullpath ()
+  "Add to TAGS data for \"pure\" Perl in the current directory and kids.
+Writes down fullpath, so TAGS is relocatable (but if the build directory
+is relocated, the file TAGS inside it breaks). Use as
+  emacs -batch -q -no-site-file -l emacs/cperl-mode.el \
+        -f cperl-add-tags-recurse-noxs-fullpath
+"
+  (cperl-write-tags nil nil t t nil t ""))
+
 (defun cperl-add-tags-recurse ()
   "Add to TAGS file data for Perl files in the current directory and kids.
 Use as
 (defun cperl-add-tags-recurse ()
   "Add to TAGS file data for Perl files in the current directory and kids.
 Use as
@@ -5853,9 +7262,9 @@ One may build such TAGS files from CPerl mode menu."
              (cperl-tags-hier-fill))
          (or tags-table-list
              (call-interactively 'visit-tags-table))
              (cperl-tags-hier-fill))
          (or tags-table-list
              (call-interactively 'visit-tags-table))
-       (mapcar
-        (function
-         (lambda (tagsfile)
+         (mapcar
+          (function
+           (lambda (tagsfile)
              (message "Updating list of classes... %s" tagsfile)
            (set-buffer (get-file-buffer tagsfile))
            (cperl-tags-hier-fill)))
              (message "Updating list of classes... %s" tagsfile)
            (set-buffer (get-file-buffer tagsfile))
            (cperl-tags-hier-fill)))
@@ -6017,7 +7426,7 @@ One may build such TAGS files from CPerl mode menu."
    '("[^-\t <>=+]\\(--\\|\\+\\+\\)"    ; var-- var++
      "[a-zA-Z0-9_][|&][a-zA-Z0-9_$]"   ; abc|def abc&def are often used.
      "&[(a-zA-Z0-9_$]"                 ; &subroutine &(var->field)
    '("[^-\t <>=+]\\(--\\|\\+\\+\\)"    ; var-- var++
      "[a-zA-Z0-9_][|&][a-zA-Z0-9_$]"   ; abc|def abc&def are often used.
      "&[(a-zA-Z0-9_$]"                 ; &subroutine &(var->field)
-     "<\\$?\\sw+\\(\\.\\sw+\\)?>"      ; <IN> <stdin.h>
+     "<\\$?\\sw+\\(\\.\\(\\sw\\|_\\)+\\)?>"    ; <IN> <stdin.h>
      "-[a-zA-Z][ \t]+[_$\"'`a-zA-Z]"   ; -f file, -t STDIN
      "-[0-9]"                          ; -5
      "\\+\\+"                          ; ++var
      "-[a-zA-Z][ \t]+[_$\"'`a-zA-Z]"   ; -f file, -t STDIN
      "-[0-9]"                          ; -5
      "\\+\\+"                          ; ++var
@@ -6049,8 +7458,7 @@ Currently it is tuned to C and Perl syntax."
   (interactive)
   (let (found-bad (p (point)))
     (setq last-nonmenu-event 13)       ; To disable popup
   (interactive)
   (let (found-bad (p (point)))
     (setq last-nonmenu-event 13)       ; To disable popup
-    (with-no-warnings  ; It is useful to push the mark here.
-     (beginning-of-buffer))
+    (goto-char (point-min))
     (map-y-or-n-p "Insert space here? "
                  (lambda (arg) (insert " "))
                  'cperl-next-bad-style
     (map-y-or-n-p "Insert space here? "
                  (lambda (arg) (insert " "))
                  'cperl-next-bad-style
@@ -6446,7 +7854,7 @@ endservent
 eof[([FILEHANDLE])]
 ... eq ...     String equality.
 eval(EXPR) or eval { BLOCK }
 eof[([FILEHANDLE])]
 ... eq ...     String equality.
 eval(EXPR) or eval { BLOCK }
-exec(LIST)
+exec([TRUENAME] ARGV0, ARGVs)     or     exec(SHELL_COMMAND_LINE)
 exit(EXPR)
 exp(EXPR)
 fcntl(FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR)
 exit(EXPR)
 exp(EXPR)
 fcntl(FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR)
@@ -6582,7 +7990,7 @@ substr(EXPR,OFFSET[,LEN])
 symlink(OLDFILE,NEWFILE)
 syscall(LIST)
 sysread(FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH[,OFFSET])
 symlink(OLDFILE,NEWFILE)
 syscall(LIST)
 sysread(FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH[,OFFSET])
-system(LIST)
+system([TRUENAME] ARGV0 [,ARGV])     or     system(SHELL_COMMAND_LINE)
 syswrite(FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH[,OFFSET])
 tell[(FILEHANDLE)]
 telldir(DIRHANDLE)
 syswrite(FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH[,OFFSET])
 tell[(FILEHANDLE)]
 telldir(DIRHANDLE)
@@ -6683,7 +8091,7 @@ prototype \\&SUB  Returns prototype of the function given a reference.
   ;; b is before the starting delimiter, e before the ending
   ;; e should be a marker, may be changed, but remains "correct".
   ;; EMBED is nil iff we process the whole REx.
   ;; b is before the starting delimiter, e before the ending
   ;; e should be a marker, may be changed, but remains "correct".
   ;; EMBED is nil iff we process the whole REx.
-  ;; The REx is guarantied to have //x
+  ;; The REx is guaranteed to have //x
   ;; LEVEL shows how many levels deep to go
   ;; position at enter and at leave is not defined
   (let (s c tmp (m (make-marker)) (m1 (make-marker)) c1 spaces inline code pos)
   ;; LEVEL shows how many levels deep to go
   ;; position at enter and at leave is not defined
   (let (s c tmp (m (make-marker)) (m1 (make-marker)) c1 spaces inline code pos)
@@ -6712,7 +8120,7 @@ prototype \\&SUB  Returns prototype of the function given a reference.
          (goto-char e)
          (delete-horizontal-space)
          (insert "\n")
          (goto-char e)
          (delete-horizontal-space)
          (insert "\n")
-         (indent-to-column c)
+         (cperl-make-indent c)
          (set-marker e (point))))
     (goto-char b)
     (end-of-line 2)
          (set-marker e (point))))
     (goto-char b)
     (end-of-line 2)
@@ -6722,7 +8130,7 @@ prototype \\&SUB  Returns prototype of the function given a reference.
            inline t)
       (skip-chars-forward " \t")
       (delete-region s (point))
            inline t)
       (skip-chars-forward " \t")
       (delete-region s (point))
-      (indent-to-column c1)
+      (cperl-make-indent c1)
       (while (and
              inline
              (looking-at
       (while (and
              inline
              (looking-at
@@ -6748,6 +8156,16 @@ prototype \\&SUB Returns prototype of the function given a reference.
                        (eq (preceding-char) ?\{)))
               (forward-char -1)
               (forward-sexp 1))
                        (eq (preceding-char) ?\{)))
               (forward-char -1)
               (forward-sexp 1))
+             ((and                     ; [], already syntaxified
+               (match-beginning 6)
+               cperl-regexp-scan
+               cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property)
+              (forward-char -1)
+              (forward-sexp 1)
+              (or (eq (preceding-char) ?\])
+                  (error "[]-group not terminated"))
+              (re-search-forward
+               "\\=\\([*+?]\\|{[0-9]+\\(,[0-9]*\\)?}\\)\\??" e t))
              ((match-beginning 6)      ; []
               (setq tmp (point))
               (if (looking-at "\\^?\\]")
              ((match-beginning 6)      ; []
               (setq tmp (point))
               (if (looking-at "\\^?\\]")
@@ -6761,12 +8179,8 @@ prototype \\&SUB Returns prototype of the function given a reference.
                   (setq pos t)))
               (or (eq (preceding-char) ?\])
                   (error "[]-group not terminated"))
                   (setq pos t)))
               (or (eq (preceding-char) ?\])
                   (error "[]-group not terminated"))
-              (if (eq (following-char) ?\{)
-                  (progn
-                    (forward-sexp 1)
-                    (and (eq (following-char) ??)
-                         (forward-char 1)))
-                (re-search-forward "\\=\\([*+?]\\??\\)" e t)))
+              (re-search-forward
+               "\\=\\([*+?]\\|{[0-9]+\\(,[0-9]*\\)?}\\)\\??" e t))
              ((match-beginning 7)      ; ()
               (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
               (setq pos (current-column))
              ((match-beginning 7)      ; ()
               (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
               (setq pos (current-column))
@@ -6774,7 +8188,7 @@ prototype \\&SUB  Returns prototype of the function given a reference.
                   (progn
                     (delete-horizontal-space)
                     (insert "\n")
                   (progn
                     (delete-horizontal-space)
                     (insert "\n")
-                    (indent-to-column c1)))
+                    (cperl-make-indent c1)))
               (setq tmp (point))
               (forward-sexp 1)
               ;;              (or (forward-sexp 1)
               (setq tmp (point))
               (forward-sexp 1)
               ;;              (or (forward-sexp 1)
@@ -6834,7 +8248,7 @@ prototype \\&SUB  Returns prototype of the function given a reference.
                     (insert "\n"))
                 ;; first at line
                 (delete-region (point) tmp))
                     (insert "\n"))
                 ;; first at line
                 (delete-region (point) tmp))
-              (indent-to-column c)
+              (cperl-make-indent c)
               (forward-char 1)
               (skip-chars-forward " \t")
               (setq spaces nil)
               (forward-char 1)
               (skip-chars-forward " \t")
               (setq spaces nil)
@@ -6857,10 +8271,7 @@ prototype \\&SUB Returns prototype of the function given a reference.
             (/= (current-indentation) c))
        (progn
          (beginning-of-line)
             (/= (current-indentation) c))
        (progn
          (beginning-of-line)
-         (setq s (point))
-         (skip-chars-forward " \t")
-         (delete-region s (point))
-         (indent-to-column c)))))
+         (cperl-make-indent c)))))
 
 (defun cperl-make-regexp-x ()
   ;; Returns position of the start
 
 (defun cperl-make-regexp-x ()
   ;; Returns position of the start
@@ -6929,7 +8340,7 @@ We suppose that the regexp is scanned already."
   (interactive)
   ;; (save-excursion           ; Can't, breaks `cperl-contract-levels'
   (cperl-regext-to-level-start)
   (interactive)
   ;; (save-excursion           ; Can't, breaks `cperl-contract-levels'
   (cperl-regext-to-level-start)
-  (let ((b (point)) (e (make-marker)) c)
+  (let ((b (point)) (e (make-marker)) c)
     (forward-sexp 1)
     (set-marker e (1- (point)))
     (goto-char b)
     (forward-sexp 1)
     (set-marker e (1- (point)))
     (goto-char b)
@@ -6938,10 +8349,7 @@ We suppose that the regexp is scanned already."
        ((match-beginning 1)            ; #-comment
        (or c (setq c (current-indentation)))
        (beginning-of-line 2)           ; Skip
        ((match-beginning 1)            ; #-comment
        (or c (setq c (current-indentation)))
        (beginning-of-line 2)           ; Skip
-       (setq s (point))
-       (skip-chars-forward " \t")
-       (delete-region s (point))
-       (indent-to-column c))
+       (cperl-make-indent c))
        (t
        (delete-char -1)
        (just-one-space))))))
        (t
        (delete-char -1)
        (just-one-space))))))
@@ -6980,96 +8388,197 @@ We suppose that the regexp is scanned already."
       (set-marker e (1- (point)))
       (cperl-beautify-regexp-piece b e nil deep))))
 
       (set-marker e (1- (point)))
       (cperl-beautify-regexp-piece b e nil deep))))
 
+(defun cperl-invert-if-unless-modifiers ()
+  "Change `B if A;' into `if (A) {B}' etc if possible.
+\(Unfinished.)"
+  (interactive)                                ; 
+  (let (A B pre-B post-B pre-if post-if pre-A post-A if-string
+         (w-rex "\\<\\(if\\|unless\\|while\\|until\\|for\\|foreach\\)\\>"))
+    (and (= (char-syntax (preceding-char)) ?w)
+        (forward-sexp -1))
+    (setq pre-if (point))
+    (cperl-backward-to-start-of-expr)
+    (setq pre-B (point))
+    (forward-sexp 1)           ; otherwise forward-to-end-of-expr is NOP
+    (cperl-forward-to-end-of-expr)
+    (setq post-A (point))
+    (goto-char pre-if)
+    (or (looking-at w-rex)
+       ;; Find the position
+       (progn (goto-char post-A)
+              (while (and
+                      (not (looking-at w-rex))
+                      (> (point) pre-B))
+                (forward-sexp -1))
+              (setq pre-if (point))))
+    (or (looking-at w-rex)
+       (error "Can't find `if', `unless', `while', `until', `for' or `foreach'"))
+    ;; 1 B 2 ... 3 B-com ... 4 if 5 ... if-com 6 ... 7 A 8
+    (setq if-string (buffer-substring (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0)))
+    ;; First, simple part: find code boundaries
+    (forward-sexp 1)
+    (setq post-if (point))
+    (forward-sexp -2)
+    (forward-sexp 1)
+    (setq post-B (point))
+    (cperl-backward-to-start-of-expr)
+    (setq pre-B (point))
+    (setq B (buffer-substring pre-B post-B))
+    (goto-char pre-if)
+    (forward-sexp 2)
+    (forward-sexp -1)
+    ;; May be after $, @, $# etc of a variable
+    (skip-chars-backward "$@%#")
+    (setq pre-A (point))
+    (cperl-forward-to-end-of-expr)
+    (setq post-A (point))
+    (setq A (buffer-substring pre-A post-A))
+    ;; Now modify (from end, to not break the stuff)
+    (skip-chars-forward " \t;")
+    (delete-region pre-A (point))      ; we move to pre-A
+    (insert "\n" B ";\n}")
+    (and (looking-at "[ \t]*#") (cperl-indent-for-comment))
+    (delete-region pre-if post-if)
+    (delete-region pre-B post-B)
+    (goto-char pre-B)
+    (insert if-string " (" A ") {")
+    (setq post-B (point))
+    (if (looking-at "[ \t]+$")
+       (delete-horizontal-space)
+      (if (looking-at "[ \t]*#")
+         (cperl-indent-for-comment)
+       (just-one-space)))
+    (forward-line 1)
+    (if (looking-at "[ \t]*$")
+       (progn                          ; delete line
+         (delete-horizontal-space)
+         (delete-region (point) (1+ (point)))))
+    (cperl-indent-line)
+    (goto-char (1- post-B))
+    (forward-sexp 1)
+    (cperl-indent-line)
+    (goto-char pre-B)))
+
 (defun cperl-invert-if-unless ()
 (defun cperl-invert-if-unless ()
-  "Change `if (A) {B}' into `B if A;' etc if possible."
+  "Change `if (A) {B}' into `B if A;' etc (or visa versa) if possible.
+If the cursor is not on the leading keyword of the BLOCK flavor of
+construct, will assume it is the STATEMENT flavor, so will try to find
+the appropriate statement modifier."
   (interactive)
   (interactive)
-  (or (looking-at "\\<")
-      (forward-sexp -1))
+  (and (= (char-syntax (preceding-char)) ?w)
+       (forward-sexp -1))
   (if (looking-at "\\<\\(if\\|unless\\|while\\|until\\|for\\|foreach\\)\\>")
   (if (looking-at "\\<\\(if\\|unless\\|while\\|until\\|for\\|foreach\\)\\>")
-      (let ((pos1 (point))
-           pos2 pos3 pos4 pos5 s1 s2 state p pos45
-           (s0 (buffer-substring (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0))))
+      (let ((pre-if (point))
+           pre-A post-A pre-B post-B A B state p end-B-code is-block B-comment
+           (if-string (buffer-substring (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0))))
        (forward-sexp 2)
        (forward-sexp 2)
-       (setq pos3 (point))
+       (setq post-A (point))
        (forward-sexp -1)
        (forward-sexp -1)
-       (setq pos2 (point))
-       (if (eq (following-char) ?\( )
+       (setq pre-A (point))
+       (setq is-block (and (eq (following-char) ?\( )
+                           (save-excursion
+                             (condition-case nil
+                                 (progn
+                                   (forward-sexp 2)
+                                   (forward-sexp -1)
+                                   (eq (following-char) ?\{ ))
+                               (error nil)))))
+       (if is-block
            (progn
            (progn
-             (goto-char pos3)
+             (goto-char post-A)
              (forward-sexp 1)
              (forward-sexp 1)
-             (setq pos5 (point))
+             (setq post-B (point))
              (forward-sexp -1)
              (forward-sexp -1)
-             (setq pos4 (point))
-             ;; XXXX In fact may be `A if (B); {C}' ...
+             (setq pre-B (point))
              (if (and (eq (following-char) ?\{ )
                       (progn
              (if (and (eq (following-char) ?\{ )
                       (progn
-                        (cperl-backward-to-noncomment pos3)
+                        (cperl-backward-to-noncomment post-A)
                         (eq (preceding-char) ?\) )))
                  (if (condition-case nil
                          (progn
                         (eq (preceding-char) ?\) )))
                  (if (condition-case nil
                          (progn
-                           (goto-char pos5)
+                           (goto-char post-B)
                            (forward-sexp 1)
                            (forward-sexp -1)
                            (looking-at "\\<els\\(e\\|if\\)\\>"))
                        (error nil))
                      (error
                            (forward-sexp 1)
                            (forward-sexp -1)
                            (looking-at "\\<els\\(e\\|if\\)\\>"))
                        (error nil))
                      (error
-                      "`%s' (EXPR) {BLOCK} with `else'/`elsif'" s0)
-                   (goto-char (1- pos5))
-                   (cperl-backward-to-noncomment pos4)
+                      "`%s' (EXPR) {BLOCK} with `else'/`elsif'" if-string)
+                   (goto-char (1- post-B))
+                   (cperl-backward-to-noncomment pre-B)
                    (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\;)
                        (forward-char -1))
                    (if (eq (preceding-char) ?\;)
                        (forward-char -1))
-                   (setq pos45 (point))
-                   (goto-char pos4)
-                   (while (re-search-forward "\\<\\(for\\|foreach\\|if\\|unless\\|while\\|until\\)\\>\\|;" pos45 t)
+                   (setq end-B-code (point))
+                   (goto-char pre-B)
+                   (while (re-search-forward "\\<\\(for\\|foreach\\|if\\|unless\\|while\\|until\\)\\>\\|;" end-B-code t)
                      (setq p (match-beginning 0)
                      (setq p (match-beginning 0)
-                           s1 (buffer-substring p (match-end 0))
-                           state (parse-partial-sexp pos4 p))
+                           A (buffer-substring p (match-end 0))
+                           state (parse-partial-sexp pre-B p))
                      (or (nth 3 state)
                          (nth 4 state)
                          (nth 5 state)
                      (or (nth 3 state)
                          (nth 4 state)
                          (nth 5 state)
-                         (error "`%s' inside `%s' BLOCK" s1 s0))
+                         (error "`%s' inside `%s' BLOCK" A if-string))
                      (goto-char (match-end 0)))
                    ;; Finally got it
                      (goto-char (match-end 0)))
                    ;; Finally got it
-                   (goto-char (1+ pos4))
+                   (goto-char (1+ pre-B))
                    (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
                    (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
-                   (setq s2 (buffer-substring (point) pos45))
-                   (goto-char pos45)
+                   (setq B (buffer-substring (point) end-B-code))
+                   (goto-char end-B-code)
                    (or (looking-at ";?[ \t\n]*}")
                        (progn
                          (skip-chars-forward "; \t\n")
                    (or (looking-at ";?[ \t\n]*}")
                        (progn
                          (skip-chars-forward "; \t\n")
-                         (setq s2 (concat s2 "\n" (buffer-substring (point) (1- pos5))))))
-                   (and (equal s2 "")
-                        (setq s2 "1"))
-                   (goto-char (1- pos3))
-                   (cperl-backward-to-noncomment pos2)
+                         (setq B-comment
+                               (buffer-substring (point) (1- post-B)))))
+                   (and (equal B "")
+                        (setq B "1"))
+                   (goto-char (1- post-A))
+                   (cperl-backward-to-noncomment pre-A)
                    (or (looking-at "[ \t\n]*)")
                    (or (looking-at "[ \t\n]*)")
-                       (goto-char (1- pos3)))
+                       (goto-char (1- post-A)))
                    (setq p (point))
                    (setq p (point))
-                   (goto-char (1+ pos2))
+                   (goto-char (1+ pre-A))
                    (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
                    (skip-chars-forward " \t\n")
-                   (setq s1 (buffer-substring (point) p))
-                   (delete-region pos4 pos5)
-                   (delete-region pos2 pos3)
-                   (goto-char pos1)
-                   (insert s2 " ")
+                   (setq A (buffer-substring (point) p))
+                   (delete-region pre-B post-B)
+                   (delete-region pre-A post-A)
+                   (goto-char pre-if)
+                   (insert B " ")
+                   (and B-comment (insert B-comment " "))
                    (just-one-space)
                    (forward-word 1)
                    (just-one-space)
                    (forward-word 1)
-                   (setq pos1 (point))
-                   (insert " " s1 ";")
+                   (setq pre-A (point))
+                   (insert " " A ";")
                    (delete-horizontal-space)
                    (delete-horizontal-space)
+                   (setq post-B (point))
+                   (if (looking-at "#")
+                       (indent-for-comment))
+                   (goto-char post-B)
                    (forward-char -1)
                    (delete-horizontal-space)
                    (forward-char -1)
                    (delete-horizontal-space)
-                   (goto-char pos1)
+                   (goto-char pre-A)
                    (just-one-space)
                    (just-one-space)
-                   (cperl-indent-line))
-               (error "`%s' (EXPR) not with an {BLOCK}" s0)))
-         (error "`%s' not with an (EXPR)" s0)))
-    (error "Not at `if', `unless', `while', `until', `for' or `foreach'")))
+                   (goto-char pre-if)
+                   (setq pre-A (set-marker (make-marker) pre-A))
+                   (while (<= (point) (marker-position pre-A))
+                     (cperl-indent-line)
+                     (forward-line 1))
+                   (goto-char (marker-position pre-A))
+                   (if B-comment
+                       (progn
+                         (forward-line -1)
+                         (indent-for-comment)
+                         (goto-char (marker-position pre-A)))))
+               (error "`%s' (EXPR) not with an {BLOCK}" if-string)))
+         ;; (error "`%s' not with an (EXPR)" if-string)
+         (forward-sexp -1)
+         (cperl-invert-if-unless-modifiers)))
+    ;;(error "Not at `if', `unless', `while', `until', `for' or `foreach'")
+    (cperl-invert-if-unless-modifiers)))
 
 ;;; By Anthony Foiani <afoiani@uswest.com>
 ;;; Getting help on modules in C-h f ?
 ;;; This is a modified version of `man'.
 ;;; Need to teach it how to lookup functions
 
 ;;; By Anthony Foiani <afoiani@uswest.com>
 ;;; Getting help on modules in C-h f ?
 ;;; This is a modified version of `man'.
 ;;; Need to teach it how to lookup functions
+;;;###autoload
 (defun cperl-perldoc (word)
   "Run `perldoc' on WORD."
   (interactive
 (defun cperl-perldoc (word)
   "Run `perldoc' on WORD."
   (interactive
@@ -7101,6 +8610,7 @@ We suppose that the regexp is scanned already."
      (t
       (Man-getpage-in-background word)))))
 
      (t
       (Man-getpage-in-background word)))))
 
+;;;###autoload
 (defun cperl-perldoc-at-point ()
   "Run a `perldoc' on the word around point."
   (interactive)
 (defun cperl-perldoc-at-point ()
   "Run a `perldoc' on the word around point."
   (interactive)
@@ -7145,7 +8655,7 @@ We suppose that the regexp is scanned already."
 (defun cperl-pod2man-build-command ()
   "Builds the entire background manpage and cleaning command."
   (let ((command (concat pod2man-program " %s 2>/dev/null"))
 (defun cperl-pod2man-build-command ()
   "Builds the entire background manpage and cleaning command."
   (let ((command (concat pod2man-program " %s 2>/dev/null"))
-        (flist Man-filter-list))
+        (flist (and (boundp 'Man-filter-list) Man-filter-list)))
     (while (and flist (car flist))
       (let ((pcom (car (car flist)))
             (pargs (cdr (car flist))))
     (while (and flist (car flist))
       (let ((pcom (car (car flist)))
             (pargs (cdr (car flist))))
@@ -7159,6 +8669,205 @@ We suppose that the regexp is scanned already."
         (setq flist (cdr flist))))
     command))
 
         (setq flist (cdr flist))))
     command))
 
+
+(defun cperl-next-interpolated-REx-1 ()
+  "Move point to next REx which has interpolated parts without //o.
+Skips RExes consisting of one interpolated variable.
+
+Note that skipped RExen are not performance hits."
+  (interactive "")
+  (cperl-next-interpolated-REx 1))
+
+(defun cperl-next-interpolated-REx-0 ()
+  "Move point to next REx which has interpolated parts without //o."
+  (interactive "")
+  (cperl-next-interpolated-REx 0))
+
+(defun cperl-next-interpolated-REx (&optional skip beg limit)
+  "Move point to next REx which has interpolated parts.
+SKIP is a list of possible types to skip, BEG and LIMIT are the starting
+point and the limit of search (default to point and end of buffer).
+
+SKIP may be a number, then it behaves as list of numbers up to SKIP; this
+semantic may be used as a numeric argument.
+
+Types are 0 for / $rex /o (interpolated once), 1 for /$rex/ (if $rex is
+a result of qr//, this is not a performance hit), t for the rest."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if (numberp skip) (setq skip (list 0 skip)))
+  (or beg (setq beg (point)))
+  (or limit (setq limit (point-max)))  ; needed for n-s-p-c
+  (let (pp)
+    (and (eq (get-text-property beg 'syntax-type) 'string)
+        (setq beg (next-single-property-change beg 'syntax-type nil limit)))
+    (cperl-map-pods-heres
+     (function (lambda (s e p)
+                (if (memq (get-text-property s 'REx-interpolated) skip)
+                    t
+                  (setq pp s)
+                  nil)))       ; nil stops
+     'REx-interpolated beg limit)
+    (if pp (goto-char pp)
+      (message "No more interpolated REx"))))
+
+;;; Initial version contributed by Trey Belew
+(defun cperl-here-doc-spell (&optional beg end)
+  "Spell-check HERE-documents in the Perl buffer.
+If a region is highlighted, restricts to the region."
+  (interactive "")
+  (cperl-pod-spell t beg end))
+
+(defun cperl-pod-spell (&optional do-heres beg end)
+  "Spell-check POD documentation.
+If invoked with prefix argument, will do HERE-DOCs instead.
+If a region is highlighted, restricts to the region."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (save-excursion
+    (let (beg end)
+      (if (cperl-mark-active)
+         (setq beg (min (mark) (point))
+               end (max (mark) (point)))
+       (setq beg (point-min)
+             end (point-max)))
+      (cperl-map-pods-heres (function
+                            (lambda (s e p)
+                              (if do-heres
+                                  (setq e (save-excursion
+                                            (goto-char e)
+                                            (forward-line -1)
+                                            (point))))
+                              (ispell-region s e)
+                              t))
+                           (if do-heres 'here-doc-group 'in-pod)
+                           beg end))))
+
+(defun cperl-map-pods-heres (func &optional prop s end)
+  "Executes a function over regions of pods or here-documents.
+PROP is the text-property to search for; default to `in-pod'.  Stop when
+function returns nil."
+  (let (pos posend has-prop (cont t))
+    (or prop (setq prop 'in-pod))
+    (or s (setq s (point-min)))
+    (or end (setq end (point-max)))
+    (cperl-update-syntaxification end end)
+    (save-excursion
+      (goto-char (setq pos s))
+      (while (and cont (< pos end))
+       (setq has-prop (get-text-property pos prop))
+       (setq posend (next-single-property-change pos prop nil end))
+       (and has-prop
+            (setq cont (funcall func pos posend prop)))
+       (setq pos posend)))))
+
+;;; Based on code by Masatake YAMATO:
+(defun cperl-get-here-doc-region (&optional pos pod)
+  "Return HERE document region around the point.
+Return nil if the point is not in a HERE document region.  If POD is non-nil,
+will return a POD section if point is in a POD section."
+  (or pos (setq pos (point)))
+  (cperl-update-syntaxification pos pos)
+  (if (or (eq 'here-doc  (get-text-property pos 'syntax-type))
+         (and pod
+              (eq 'pod (get-text-property pos 'syntax-type))))
+      (let ((b (cperl-beginning-of-property pos 'syntax-type))
+           (e (next-single-property-change pos 'syntax-type)))
+       (cons b (or e (point-max))))))
+
+(defun cperl-narrow-to-here-doc (&optional pos)
+  "Narrows editing region to the HERE-DOC at POS.
+POS defaults to the point."
+  (interactive "d")
+  (or pos (setq pos (point)))
+  (let ((p (cperl-get-here-doc-region pos)))
+    (or p (error "Not inside a HERE document"))
+    (narrow-to-region (car p) (cdr p))
+    (message
+     "When you are finished with narrow editing, type C-x n w")))
+
+(defun cperl-select-this-pod-or-here-doc (&optional pos)
+  "Select the HERE-DOC (or POD section) at POS.
+POS defaults to the point."
+  (interactive "d")
+  (let ((p (cperl-get-here-doc-region pos t)))
+    (if p
+       (progn
+         (goto-char (car p))
+         (push-mark (cdr p) nil t))    ; Message, activate in transient-mode
+      (message "I do not think POS is in POD or a HERE-doc..."))))
+
+(defun cperl-facemenu-add-face-function (face end)
+  "A callback to process user-initiated font-change requests.
+Translates `bold', `italic', and `bold-italic' requests to insertion of
+corresponding POD directives, and `underline' to C<> POD directive.
+
+Such requests are usually bound to M-o LETTER."
+  (or (get-text-property (point) 'in-pod)
+      (error "Faces can only be set within POD"))
+  (setq facemenu-end-add-face (if (eq face 'bold-italic) ">>" ">"))
+  (cdr (or (assq face '((bold . "B<")
+                       (italic . "I<")
+                       (bold-italic . "B<I<")
+                       (underline . "C<")))
+          (error "Face %s not configured for cperl-mode"
+                 face))))
+\f
+(defun cperl-time-fontification (&optional l step lim)
+  "Times how long it takes to do incremental fontification in a region.
+L is the line to start at, STEP is the number of lines to skip when
+doing next incremental fontification, LIM is the maximal number of
+incremental fontification to perform.  Messages are accumulated in
+*Messages* buffer.
+
+May be used for pinpointing which construct slows down buffer fontification:
+start with default arguments, then refine the slowdown regions."
+  (interactive "nLine to start at: \nnStep to do incremental fontification: ")
+  (or l (setq l 1))
+  (or step (setq step 500))
+  (or lim (setq lim 40))
+  (let* ((timems (function (lambda ()
+                            (let ((tt (current-time)))
+                              (+ (* 1000 (nth 1 tt)) (/ (nth 2 tt) 1000))))))
+        (tt (funcall timems)) (c 0) delta tot)
+    (goto-line l)
+    (cperl-mode)
+    (setq tot (- (- tt (setq tt (funcall timems)))))
+    (message "cperl-mode at %s: %s" l tot)
+    (while (and (< c lim) (not (eobp)))
+      (forward-line step)
+      (setq l (+ l step))
+      (setq c (1+ c))
+      (cperl-update-syntaxification (point) (point))
+      (setq delta (- (- tt (setq tt (funcall timems)))) tot (+ tot delta))
+      (message "to %s:%6s,%7s" l delta tot))
+    tot))
+
+(defun cperl-emulate-lazy-lock (&optional window-size)
+  "Emulate `lazy-lock' without `condition-case', so `debug-on-error' works.
+Start fontifying the buffer from the start (or end) using the given
+WINDOW-SIZE (units is lines).  Negative WINDOW-SIZE starts at end, and
+goes backwards; default is -50.  This function is not CPerl-specific; it
+may be used to debug problems with delayed incremental fontification."
+  (interactive
+   "nSize of window for incremental fontification, negative goes backwards: ")
+  (or window-size (setq window-size -50))
+  (let ((pos (if (> window-size 0)
+                (point-min)
+              (point-max)))
+       p)
+    (goto-char pos)
+    (normal-mode)
+    ;; Why needed???  With older font-locks???
+    (set (make-local-variable 'font-lock-cache-position) (make-marker))
+    (while (if (> window-size 0)
+              (< pos (point-max))
+            (> pos (point-min)))
+      (setq p (progn
+               (forward-line window-size)
+               (point)))
+      (font-lock-fontify-region (min p pos) (max p pos))
+      (setq pos p))))
+
+\f
 (defun cperl-lazy-install ())          ; Avoid a warning
 (defun cperl-lazy-unstall ())          ; Avoid a warning
 
 (defun cperl-lazy-install ())          ; Avoid a warning
 (defun cperl-lazy-unstall ())          ; Avoid a warning
 
@@ -7174,7 +8883,7 @@ We suppose that the regexp is scanned already."
        "Switches on Auto-Help on Perl constructs (put in the message area).
 Delay of auto-help controlled by `cperl-lazy-help-time'."
        (interactive)
        "Switches on Auto-Help on Perl constructs (put in the message area).
 Delay of auto-help controlled by `cperl-lazy-help-time'."
        (interactive)
-       (make-variable-buffer-local 'cperl-help-shown)
+       (make-local-variable 'cperl-help-shown)
        (if (and (cperl-val 'cperl-lazy-help-time)
                 (not cperl-lazy-installed))
            (progn
        (if (and (cperl-val 'cperl-lazy-help-time)
                 (not cperl-lazy-installed))
            (progn
@@ -7207,48 +8916,109 @@ Delay of auto-help controlled by `cperl-lazy-help-time'."
 ;;; Plug for wrong font-lock:
 
 (defun cperl-font-lock-unfontify-region-function (beg end)
 ;;; Plug for wrong font-lock:
 
 (defun cperl-font-lock-unfontify-region-function (beg end)
-  ;; Simplified now that font-lock-unfontify-region uses save-buffer-state.
-  (let (before-change-functions after-change-functions)
-    (remove-text-properties beg end '(face nil))))
+  (let* ((modified (buffer-modified-p)) (buffer-undo-list t)
+        (inhibit-read-only t) (inhibit-point-motion-hooks t)
+        before-change-functions after-change-functions
+        deactivate-mark buffer-file-name buffer-file-truename)
+    (remove-text-properties beg end '(face nil))
+    (if (and (not modified) (buffer-modified-p))
+      (set-buffer-modified-p nil))))
+
+(defun cperl-font-lock-fontify-region-function (beg end loudly)
+  "Extends the region to safe positions, then calls the default function.
+Newer `font-lock's can do it themselves.
+We unwind only as far as needed for fontification.  Syntaxification may
+do extra unwind via `cperl-unwind-to-safe'."
+  (save-excursion
+    (goto-char beg)
+    (while (and beg
+               (progn
+                 (beginning-of-line)
+                 (eq (get-text-property (setq beg (point)) 'syntax-type)
+                     'multiline)))
+      (if (setq beg (cperl-beginning-of-property beg 'syntax-type))
+         (goto-char beg)))
+    (setq beg (point))
+    (goto-char end)
+    (while (and end
+               (progn
+                 (or (bolp) (condition-case nil
+                                (forward-line 1)
+                              (error nil)))
+                 (eq (get-text-property (setq end (point)) 'syntax-type)
+                     'multiline)))
+      (setq end (next-single-property-change end 'syntax-type nil (point-max)))
+      (goto-char end))
+    (setq end (point)))
+  (font-lock-default-fontify-region beg end loudly))
 
 (defvar cperl-d-l nil)
 (defun cperl-fontify-syntaxically (end)
   ;; Some vars for debugging only
   ;; (message "Syntaxifying...")
 
 (defvar cperl-d-l nil)
 (defun cperl-fontify-syntaxically (end)
   ;; Some vars for debugging only
   ;; (message "Syntaxifying...")
-  (let ((dbg (point)) (iend end)
+  (let ((dbg (point)) (iend end) (idone cperl-syntax-done-to)
        (istate (car cperl-syntax-state))
        (istate (car cperl-syntax-state))
-       start)
-    (and cperl-syntaxify-unwind
-        (setq end (cperl-unwind-to-safe t end)))
-    (setq start (point))
+       start from-start edebug-backtrace-buffer)
+    (if (eq cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock 'backtrace)
+       (progn
+         (require 'edebug)
+         (let ((f 'edebug-backtrace))
+           (funcall f))))      ; Avoid compile-time warning
     (or cperl-syntax-done-to
     (or cperl-syntax-done-to
-       (setq cperl-syntax-done-to (point-min)))
-    (if (or (not (boundp 'font-lock-hot-pass))
-           (eval 'font-lock-hot-pass)
-           t)                          ; Not debugged otherwise
-       ;; Need to forget what is after `start'
-       (setq start (min cperl-syntax-done-to start))
-      ;; Fontification without a change
-      (setq start (max cperl-syntax-done-to start)))
+       (setq cperl-syntax-done-to (point-min)
+             from-start t))
+    (setq start (if (and cperl-hook-after-change
+                        (not from-start))
+                   cperl-syntax-done-to ; Fontify without change; ignore start
+                 ;; Need to forget what is after `start'
+                 (min cperl-syntax-done-to (point))))
+    (goto-char start)
+    (beginning-of-line)
+    (setq start (point))
+    (and cperl-syntaxify-unwind
+        (setq end (cperl-unwind-to-safe t end)
+              start (point)))
     (and (> end start)
         (setq cperl-syntax-done-to start) ; In case what follows fails
         (cperl-find-pods-heres start end t nil t))
     (and (> end start)
         (setq cperl-syntax-done-to start) ; In case what follows fails
         (cperl-find-pods-heres start end t nil t))
-    (if (eq cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock 'message)
-       (message "Syntaxified %s..%s from %s to %s(%s), state %s-->%s"
-                dbg iend
-                start end cperl-syntax-done-to
+    (if (memq cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock '(backtrace message))
+       (message "Syxify req=%s..%s actual=%s..%s done-to: %s=>%s statepos: %s=>%s"
+                dbg iend start end idone cperl-syntax-done-to
                 istate (car cperl-syntax-state))) ; For debugging
     nil))                              ; Do not iterate
 
 (defun cperl-fontify-update (end)
                 istate (car cperl-syntax-state))) ; For debugging
     nil))                              ; Do not iterate
 
 (defun cperl-fontify-update (end)
-  (let ((pos (point)) prop posend)
+  (let ((pos (point-min)) prop posend)
+    (setq end (point-max))
     (while (< pos end)
     (while (< pos end)
-      (setq prop (get-text-property pos 'cperl-postpone))
-      (setq posend (next-single-property-change pos 'cperl-postpone nil end))
+      (setq prop (get-text-property pos 'cperl-postpone)
+           posend (next-single-property-change pos 'cperl-postpone nil end))
       (and prop (put-text-property pos posend (car prop) (cdr prop)))
       (setq pos posend)))
   nil)                                 ; Do not iterate
 
       (and prop (put-text-property pos posend (car prop) (cdr prop)))
       (setq pos posend)))
   nil)                                 ; Do not iterate
 
+(defun cperl-fontify-update-bad (end)
+  ;; Since fontification happens with different region than syntaxification,
+  ;; do to the end of buffer, not to END;;; likewise, start earlier if needed
+  (let* ((pos (point)) (prop (get-text-property pos 'cperl-postpone)) posend)
+    (if prop
+       (setq pos (or (cperl-beginning-of-property
+                      (cperl-1+ pos) 'cperl-postpone)
+                     (point-min))))
+    (while (< pos end)
+      (setq posend (next-single-property-change pos 'cperl-postpone))
+      (and prop (put-text-property pos posend (car prop) (cdr prop)))
+      (setq pos posend)
+      (setq prop (get-text-property pos 'cperl-postpone))))
+  nil)                                 ; Do not iterate
+
+;; Called when any modification is made to buffer text.
+(defun cperl-after-change-function (beg end old-len)
+  ;; We should have been informed about changes by `font-lock'.  Since it
+  ;; does not inform as which calls are defered, do it ourselves
+  (if cperl-syntax-done-to
+      (setq cperl-syntax-done-to (min cperl-syntax-done-to beg))))
+
 (defun cperl-update-syntaxification (from to)
   (if (and cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
           cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock
 (defun cperl-update-syntaxification (from to)
   (if (and cperl-use-syntax-table-text-property
           cperl-syntaxify-by-font-lock
@@ -7260,7 +9030,7 @@ Delay of auto-help controlled by `cperl-lazy-help-time'."
          (cperl-fontify-syntaxically to)))))
 
 (defvar cperl-version
          (cperl-fontify-syntaxically to)))))
 
 (defvar cperl-version
-  (let ((v  "Revision: 5.0"))
+  (let ((v  "Revision: 5.22"))
     (string-match ":\\s *\\([0-9.]+\\)" v)
     (substring v (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1)))
   "Version of IZ-supported CPerl package this file is based on.")
     (string-match ":\\s *\\([0-9.]+\\)" v)
     (substring v (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1)))
   "Version of IZ-supported CPerl package this file is based on.")