-Copyright (c) 1985 Free Software Foundation, Inc; See end for conditions.
-You are looking at the Emacs tutorial.
+You are looking at the Emacs tutorial. See end for copying conditions.
+Copyright (c) 1985, 1996, 1998, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation.
Emacs commands generally involve the CONTROL key (sometimes labeled
CTRL or CTL) or the META key (sometimes labeled EDIT or ALT). Rather than
Find the cursor again and notice that the same text
is near the cursor now.
+You can also use the PageUp and PageDn keys to do scrolling, if your
+terminal has them, but you can edit more efficiently if you use C-v
+and M-v.
+
* BASIC CURSOR CONTROL
----------------------
Moving from screenful to screenful is useful, but how do you
move to a specific place within the text on the screen?
-There are several ways you can do this. The most basic way is to use
-the commands C-p, C-b, C-f, and C-n. Each of these commands moves the
-cursor one row or column in a particular direction on the screen.
-Here is a table showing these four commands and the directions they
-move:
+There are several ways you can do this. You can use the arrow keys,
+but it's more efficient to keep your hands in the standard position
+and use the commands C-p, C-b, C-f, and C-n. These characters
+are equivalent to the four arrow keys, like this:
Previous line, C-p
:
using C-n or C-p. Then type C-l to see the whole diagram
centered in the screen.
-You'll probably find it easy to think of these by letter: P for
-previous, N for next, B for backward and F for forward. These are the
-basic cursor positioning commands, and you'll be using them ALL the
-time, so it would be of great benefit if you learn them now.
+You'll find it easy to remember these letters by words they stand for:
+P for previous, N for next, B for backward and F for forward. You
+will be using these basic cursor positioning commands all the time.
>> Do a few C-n's to bring the cursor down to this line.
immediately. Type <Return> (the carriage-return key) to insert a
Newline character.
-You can delete the last character you typed by typing <Delete>.
-<Delete> is a key on the keyboard, which may be labeled "Del". In
-some cases, the "Backspace" key serves as <Delete>, but not always!
+You can delete the last character you typed by typing <Delback>.
+<Delback> is a key on the keyboard--the same one you normally use,
+outside Emacs, for deleting the last character you typed. It is
+normally a large key a couple of lines up from the <Return> key, and
+it is usually labeled "Delete", "Del" or "Backspace".
+
+If the large key there is labeled "Backspace", then that's the one you
+use for <Delback>. There may also be another key labeled "Delete"
+somewhere else, but that's not <Delback>.
-More generally, <Delete> deletes the character immediately before the
+More generally, <Delback> deletes the character immediately before the
current cursor position.
>> Do this now--type a few characters, then delete them
- by typing <Delete> a few times. Don't worry about this file
+ by typing <Delback> a few times. Don't worry about this file
being changed; you will not alter the master tutorial. This is
your personal copy of it.
>> Insert text until you reach the right margin, and keep on inserting.
You'll see a continuation line appear.
->> Use <Delete>s to delete the text until the line fits on one screen
+>> Use <Delback>s to delete the text until the line fits on one screen
line again. The continuation line goes away.
You can delete a Newline character just like any other character.
one line. If the resulting combined line is too long to fit in the
screen width, it will be displayed with a continuation line.
->> Move the cursor to the beginning of a line and type <Delete>. This
+>> Move the cursor to the beginning of a line and type <Delback>. This
merges that line with the previous line.
>> Type <Return> to reinsert the Newline you deleted.
Emacs and correcting errors. You can delete by words or lines
as well. Here is a summary of the delete operations:
- <Delete> delete the character just before the cursor
+ <Delback> delete the character just before the cursor
C-d delete the next character after the cursor
- M-<Delete> kill the word immediately before the cursor
+ M-<Delback> kill the word immediately before the cursor
M-d kill the next word after the cursor
C-k kill from the cursor position to end of line
M-k kill to the end of the current sentence
-Notice that <Delete> and C-d vs M-<Delete> and M-d extend the parallel
-started by C-f and M-f (well, <Delete> is not really a control
+Notice that <Delback> and C-d vs M-<Delback> and M-d extend the parallel
+started by C-f and M-f (well, <Delback> is not really a control
character, but let's not worry about that). C-k and M-k are like C-e
and M-e, sort of, in that lines are opposite sentences.
>> Type C-x 1 to get rid of the buffer list.
-When you have several buffers, only of of them is "current" at any
+When you have several buffers, only one of them is "current" at any
time. That buffer is the one you edit. If you want to edit another
buffer, you need to "switch" to it. If you want to switch to a buffer
that corresponds to a file, you can do it by visiting the file again
switch to that mode. For example, M-x fundamental-mode is a command to
switch to Fundamental mode.
-If you are going to be editing English text, such as this file, you
+If you are going to be editing human-language text, such as this file, you
should probably use Text Mode.
>> Type M-x text mode<Return>.
major mode. So you can use no minor modes, or one minor mode, or any
combination of several minor modes.
-One minor mode which is very useful, especially for editing English
-text, is Auto Fill mode. When this mode is on, Emacs breaks the line
-in between words automatically whenever you insert text and make a
-line that is too wide.
+One minor mode which is very useful, especially for editing
+human-language text, is Auto Fill mode. When this mode is on, Emacs
+breaks the line in between words automatically whenever you insert
+text and make a line that is too wide.
You can turn Auto Fill mode on by doing M-x auto fill mode<Return>.
When the mode is on, you can turn it off again by doing M-x
character to notice what happens to the cursor.
Now you have searched for "cursor", once.
>> Type C-s again, to search for the next occurrence of "cursor".
->> Now type <Delete> four times and see how the cursor moves.
+>> Now type <Delback> four times and see how the cursor moves.
>> Type <Return> to terminate the search.
Did you see what happened? Emacs, in an incremental search, tries to
Then see the section "Spontaneous Entry to Incremental Search" in the
Emacs manual for advice on dealing with this "feature".
-If you are in the middle of an incremental search and type <Delete>,
+If you are in the middle of an incremental search and type <Delback>,
you'll notice that the last character in the search string is erased
and the search backs up to the last place of the search. For
instance, suppose you have typed "c", to search for the first
occurrence of "c". Now if you type "u", the cursor will move
-to the first occurrence of "cu". Now type <Delete>. This erases
+to the first occurrence of "cu". Now type <Delback>. This erases
the "u" from the search string, and the cursor moves back to
the first occurrence of "c".
This version of the tutorial, like GNU Emacs, is copyrighted, and
comes with permission to distribute copies on certain conditions:
-Copyright (c) 1985, 1996 Free Software Foundation
+Copyright (c) 1985, 1996, 1998, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation
Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies
of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the