@c This is part of the Emacs manual.
-@c Copyright (C) 1997, 1999, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Copyright (C) 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
-@node Antinews, MS-DOS, Command Arguments, Top
-@appendix Emacs 20 Antinews
+@node Antinews, Mac OS, X Resources, Top
+@appendix Emacs 21 Antinews
For those users who live backwards in time, here is information about
-downgrading to Emacs version 20. We hope you will enjoy the greater
-simplicity that results from the absence of many Emacs 21 features.
+downgrading to Emacs version 21.4. We hope you will enjoy the greater
+simplicity that results from the absence of many Emacs @value{EMACSVER}
+features.
@itemize @bullet
+
@item
-The good, old, vintage Emacs 19 display engine is back, eliminating most
-of the unnecessary complications introduced with Emacs 21. To wit:
+The buffer position and line number are now displayed at the end of
+the mode line, where they can be more easily seen.
-@itemize @minus
@item
-Variable-size characters are not supported anymore: you cannot use fonts
-which contain oversized characters, and using italics fonts can totally
-screw up your display. Find one font that works and stick to it!
+The mode line of the selected window is no longer displayed with a
+special face. All mode lines are created equal. Meanwhile, you can
+use the variable @code{mode-line-inverse-video} to control whether
+mode lines are highlighted at all---@code{nil} means don't highlight
+them.
@item
-Likewise, Emacs cannot display images, play sounds, and do anything
-except displaying text. Multimedia is for Netrape!
+Clicking on a link with the left mouse button (@kbd{mouse-1}) will
+always set point at the position clicked, instead of following the
+link. If you want to follow the link, use the middle mouse button
+(@kbd{mouse-2}).
@item
-Toolkit scrollbars are not supported. Emacs bare-bones X scrollbars are
-so much leaner and meaner. There are no toggle buttons and radio
-buttons in menus. @code{LessTif} is not supported either.
+Emacs is tired of X droppings. If you drop a file or a piece of text
+onto an Emacs window, nothing will happen.
@item
-There are no toolbars and no tooltips; in particular, the @acronym{GUD}
-mode cannot display variable values in tooltips. Emacs is an editor,
-not some fancy GUI program!
+On an xterm, even if you enable Xterm Mouse mode, Emacs provides a
+more convincing simulation of a text terminal by not responding to
+mouse clicks on the mode line, header line, or display margin.
@item
-Colors are not available on character terminals. If you @emph{must}
-have colors, but cannot afford running X, use the MS-DOG version of
-Emacs inside a DOS emulator.
+For simplicity, windows always have fringes. We wouldn't want to
+in-fringe anyone's windows. Likewise, horizontal scrolling always
+works in the same automatic way.
@item
-The mode line is no longer mouse-sensitive. You will have to remember
-all the necessary commands to switch between buffers, toggle read-only
-and modified status, switch minor modes on and off, etc.
+The horizontal-bar cursor shape has been removed.
@item
-The support for ``wheeled'' mice on XFree86 has been removed. Go away,
-MS-Windows weenies! Busy-cursor display has gone down the drain, too,
-for the same reasons. Meanwhile, the cursor blinking is no longer under
-your control.
+If command line arguments are given, Emacs will not display a splash
+screen, so that you can immediately get on with your editing. The
+command-line option @samp{--no-splash} is therefore obsolete, and has
+been removed.
@item
-Some aspects of Emacs appearance, such as the colors of the scroll bar
-and the menus, can only be controlled via X resources. Users who aren't
-privy to X arcana, should learn to be happy with the default colors.
+The command line options @samp{--color}, @samp{--fullwidth},
+@samp{--fullheight}, @samp{--fullscreen}, @samp{--no-blinking-cursor},
+@samp{--no-desktop}, and @samp{-Q} have also been removed.
@item
-Highlighting of trailing whitespace is not available; you need to move
-the cursor into the suspect area to find out whether there is slack
-whitespace there. Empty lines at the end of the buffer cannot be marked
-in any way, either, since each user should know where the buffer ends
-without any help.
+The @samp{--geometry} option applies only to the initial frame, and
+the @samp{-f} option will not read arguments for interactive
+functions.
@item
-You cannot control the spacing between text lines on the display; you
-are now entirely at the mercy of the font designer and the window
-manager. Complain to them if your display looks ugly.
-@end itemize
+We have standardized on one location for the user init file: the file
+named @file{.emacs} in your home directory. Emacs will not look for
+the init file in @file{~/.emacs.d/init.el}. Similarly, don't try
+putting @file{.emacs_SHELL} in @file{~/.emacs.d}; Emacs won't find it.
@item
-Emacs 20 has less elaborate support for multi-lingual editing. While
-not as radical as Emacs 19 (which doesn't support anything but
-single-byte European characters), it goes a long way toward eliminating
-some of the annoying features:
+Emacs will not read @file{~/.abbrev_defs} automatically. If you want
+to load abbrev definitions from a file, you must always do so
+explicitly.
-@itemize @minus
@item
-Translations of the Emacs reference cards to other languages are gone.
-Every Emacs user should know English better than their national
-languages.
+When you are logged in as root, all files now give you writable
+buffers, reflecting the fact that you can write any files.
@item
-To avoid extra confusion, many language environments have been
-eliminated. For example, @samp{Polish} and @samp{Celtic} (Latin-8)
-environments are not supported, and you cannot have the Euro characters,
-since the Latin-9 environment is gone, too.
+The maximum size of buffers and integer variables has been halved. On
+32-bit machines, the maximum buffer size is now 128 megabytes.
@item
-Emacs no longer uses the most preferred coding system if it is suitable
-for saving the buffer. Instead, it always prompts you for a coding
-system, so that you get to know its name better.
+An unquoted @samp{$} in a file name is now an error, if the following
+name is not recognized as an environment variable. Thus,
+the file name @file{foo$bar} would probably be an error. Meanwhile,
+the @code{setenv} command does not expand @samp{$} at all.
@item
-Commands which provide detailed information about character sets and
-coding systems, such as @code{list-charset-chars},
-@code{describe-character-set}, and the @kbd{C-u C-x =} key-sequence, no
-longer exist. User feedback suggests that telling too much about
-non-@sc{ascii} characters is confusing and unnecessary.
+If a single command accumulates too much undo information, Emacs never
+discards it. If Emacs runs out of memory as a result, it will handle
+this by crashing.
@item
-The terminal coding system cannot be set to something CCL-based, so
-keyboards which produce @code{KOI8} and DOS/Windows codepage codes
-cannot be supported directly. Leim is so much simpler!
-@end itemize
+Many commands have been removed from the menus or rearranged.
@item
-Systems which are deemed unimportant or still in vaporware phase are no
-longer supported:
+The @kbd{C-h} (help) subcommands have been rearranged---especially
+those that display specific files. Type @kbd{C-h C-h} to see a list
+of these commands; that will show you what is different.
-@itemize @minus
@item
-Emacs cannot be built on GNU/Linux systems running on IA64 machines,
-and you cannot build a 64-bit Emacs for SPARC/Solaris systems which
-support 64-bit executables. Thus, Emacs contributes to stability of
-these systems by preventing you from corrupting files larger than 128MB.
+The @kbd{C-h v} and @kbd{C-h f} commands no longer show a hyperlink to
+the C source code, even if it is available. If you want to find the
+source code, grep for it.
@item
-LynxOS is also not supported.
-@end itemize
+The apropos commands will not accept a list of words to match, in
+order to encourage you to be more specific. Also, the user option
+@code{apropos-sort-by-scores} has been removed.
+
+@item
+The minibuffer prompt is now displayed using the default face.
+The colon is enough to show you what part is the prompt.
+
+@item
+Minibuffer completion commands always complete the entire minibuffer
+contents, just as if you had typed them at the end of the minibuffer,
+no matter where point is actually located.
+
+@item
+The command @code{backward-kill-sexp} is now bound to @kbd{C-M-delete}
+and @kbd{C-M-backspace}. Be careful when using these key sequences!
+It may shut down your X server, or reboot your operating system.
@item
-The menu bar is no longer @acronym{CUA}-compliant. We think that
-uniformity of look-and-feel is boring, and that @acronym{CUA} is not
-suitable for Emacs anyway.
+Commands to set the mark at a place away from point, including
+@kbd{M-@@}, @kbd{M-h}, etc., don't do anything special when you repeat
+them. In most cases, typing these commands multiple times is
+equivalent to typing them once. @kbd{M-h} ignores numeric arguments.
@item
-You cannot save the options set via the @samp{Options} menu-bar menu;
-instead, you need to set all the options again each time you start a new
-session. This will gradually make your acquaintance with the options
-better and better, until eventually you will be able to set all the
-options without looking at the screen. Unless you start Emacs once and
-never stop it, that is.
+The user option @code{set-mark-command-repeat-pop} has been removed.
@item
-Emacs no longer pops up a buffer with error messages when an error is
-signaled during loading of the user's init file. Gurus who can debug
-init files by the seat of their pants will regain their due honor which
-they lost with Emacs 21.
+@kbd{C-@key{SPC} C-@key{SPC}} has no special meaning--it just sets the
+mark twice. Neither does @kbd{C-u C-x C-x}, which simply exchanges
+point and mark like @kbd{C-x C-x}.
@item
-Many commands duly ignore the active region when Transient Mark mode is
-in effect. (Transient Mark mode is alien to Emacs mantra in the first
-place, its introduction was a grave mistake, and we are planning to
-remove it altogether in one of the previous versions; stay tuned.)
+The function @code{sentence-end} has been eliminated in favor of a
+more straightforward approach: directly setting the variable
+@code{sentence-end}. For example, to end each sentence with a single
+space, use
+
+@lisp
+(setq sentence-end "[.?!][]\"')@}]*\\($\\|[ \t]\\)[ \t\n]*")
+@end lisp
+
+@item
+The variable @code{fill-nobreak-predicate} is no longer customizable,
+and it can only hold a single function.
+
+@item
+Nobreak spaces and hyphens are displayed just like normal characters,
+and the user option @code{nobreak-char-display} has been removed.
@item
-@kbd{C-down-mouse-3} does nothing special when menu bar is not
-displayed. Users who don't like the menu bar should be amply punished
-by forcing them to use the @code{tmm-menubar} replacement, even if they
-do have the mouse.
+@kbd{C-w} in an incremental search always grabs an entire word
+into the search string. More precisely, it grabs text through
+the next end of a word.
@item
-The @key{delete} function key produces the same effect as the @key{DEL}
-key, on both TTY and windowed displays. Never again will you be
-confused by this terrible @emph{dichotomy}!
+Yanking now preserves all text properties that were in the killed
+text. The variable @code{yank-excluded-properties} has been removed.
@item
-The ability to save backup files in special subdirectories has been
-eliminated. This makes finding your backup files much easier.
+Occur mode, Info mode, and Comint-derived modes now control
+fontification in their own way, and @kbd{M-x font-lock-mode} has
+nothing to do with it. To control fontification in Info mode, use the
+variable @code{Info-fontify}.
@item
-Emacs no longer refuses to load Lisp files compiled by incompatible
-versions of other Emacsen, which may contain invalid byte-code.
-Instead, Emacs now dumps core when it encounters such byte-code.
+The Grep package has been merged with Compilation mode. Many
+grep-specific commands and user options have thus been eliminated.
+Also, @kbd{M-x grep} never tries the GNU grep @samp{-H} option,
+and instead silently appends @file{/dev/null} to the command line.
+
+@item
+In Dired's @kbd{!} command, @samp{*} and @samp{?} now
+cause substitution of the file names wherever they appear---not
+only when they are surrounded by whitespace.
+
+@item
+When a file is managed with version control, the command @kbd{C-x C-q}
+(whose general meaning is to make a buffer read-only or writable) now
+does so by checking the file in or out. Checking the file out makes
+the buffer writable; checking it in makes the buffer read-only.
+
+You can still use @kbd{C-x v v} to do these operations if you wish;
+its meaning is unchanged. If you want to control the buffer's
+read-only flag without performing any version control operation,
+use @kbd{M-x toggle-read-only}.
@item
-You cannot delete all frames but the current one with @kbd{C-x 5 1}.
-Delete them one by one instead. If you have many frames, it's tough on
-you.
+SGML mode does not handle XML syntax, and does not have indentation
+support.
@item
-CC Mode is now much harder to customize, due to subtle aspects of local
-and global bindings. In particular, if you change the indentation style
-as appropriate for Java, the indentation in C and C@t{++} buffers is
-messed up, and vice versa.
+Many Info mode commands have been removed. Incremental search in Info
+searches only the current node.
@item
-Isearch no longer highlights matches besides the current one, and
-@kbd{mouse-2} in the echo area during incremental search now signals an
-error, since nobody in their right mind will use a mouse while
-searching.
+Many @code{etags} features for customizing parsing using regexps
+have been removed.
@item
-You cannot specify a port number with @code{ange-ftp}. Instead, you
-need to rely on undocumented features (@emph{use the source, Luke!}) to
-sneak the port in. Time stamps for remote files are not supported, and
-Windows-style ftp clients which output the @samp{^M} character at the
-end of each line wreak havoc with @code{ange-ftp}, making your life more
-interesting.
+The Emacs server now runs a small C program called @file{emacsserver},
+rather than trying to handle everything in Emacs Lisp. Now there can
+only be one Emacs server running at a time. The @code{server-mode}
+command and @code{server-name} user option have been eliminated.
@item
-Many advanced display features, such as highlighting of mouse-sensitive
-text regions and popping up help strings for menu items, don't work in
-the MS-DOS version. Ispell and Eshell don't work on MS-DOS, either.
-MS-DOG users should be aware of their inferiority at all times!
+The @file{emacsclient} program no longer accepts the @samp{--eval} and
+@samp{--display} command line options.
@item
-There's no woman.el package, so Emacs users on non-Posix systems should
-learn to read Troff sources of manual pages. This is a Good Thing,
-since Troff is such a nice, intuitive language.
+The command @code{quail-show-key}, for showing how to input a
+character, has been removed.
@item
-recentf.el is not available, so you will have to memorize your
-frequently edited files by heart, or use desktop.el.
+The default value of @code{keyboard-coding-system} is always
+@code{nil}, regardless of your locale settings. If you want some
+other value, set it yourself.
@item
-Many additional packages that were unnecessarily complicating your lives
-are no longer with us. You cannot browse C@t{++} classes with Ebrowse,
-edit Delphi sources, access @acronym{SQL} data bases, edit PostScript
-files and context diffs, access LDAP and other directory servers, edit
-TODO files conveniently. Emacs doesn't need all that crud.
+Unicode support and unification between Latin-@var{n} character sets
+have been removed. Cutting and pasting X selections does not support
+``extended segments'', so there are certain coding systems it cannot
+handle.
+
+@item
+The input methods for Emacs are included in a separate distribution
+called ``Leim''. To use this, you must extract the Leim tar file on
+top of the Emacs distribution, into the same directory, before you
+build Emacs.
+
+@item
+The following input methods have been eliminated: belarusian,
+bulgarian-bds, bulgarian-phonetic, chinese-sisheng, croatian, dutch,
+georgian, latin-alt-postfix, latin-postfix, latin-prefix,
+latvian-keyboard, lithuanian-numeric, lithuanian-keyboard,
+malayalam-inscript, rfc1345, russian-computer, sgml, slovenian,
+tamil-inscript ucs, ukrainian-computer, vietnamese-telex, and welsh.
+
+@item
+The following language environments have been eliminated: Belarusian,
+Bulgarian, Chinese-EUC-TW, Croatian, French, Georgian, Italian,
+Latin-6, Latin-7, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malayalam, Russian, Russian,
+Slovenian, Swedish, Tajik, Tamil, UTF-8, Ukrainian, Ukrainian, Welsh,
+and Windows-1255.
+
+@item
+The @code{code-pages} library, which contained various 8-bit coding
+systems, has been removed.
+
+@item
+The Kmacro package has been replaced with a simple and elegant
+keyboard macro system. Use @kbd{C-x (} to start a new keyboard macro,
+@kbd{C-x )} to end the macro, and @kbd{C-x e} to execute the last
+macro. Use @kbd{M-x name-last-kbd-macro} to name the most recently
+defined macro.
+
+@item
+The Calc, CUA, GDB-UI, Ibuffer, Ido, Password, Printing, Reveal,
+Ruler-mode, SES, Table, Tramp, and URL packages have been removed.
+The Benchmark, Cfengine, Conf, Dns, Flymake, Python, Thumbs, and
+Wdired modes have also been removed.
+
+@item
+The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual and the Introduction to Programming in
+Emacs Lisp are now distributed separately, not in the Emacs
+distribution.
+
+@item
+On MS Windows, there is no longer any support for tooltips, images,
+sound, different mouse pointer shapes, or pointing devices with more
+than 3 buttons. If you want these features, consider switching to
+another operating system. But even if you don't want these features,
+you should still switch---for freedom's sake.
+
+@item
+Emacs will not use Unicode for clipboard operations on MS Windows.
@item
To keep up with decreasing computer memory capacity and disk space, many
-other functions and files have been eliminated in Emacs 20. There's no
-need to mention them all here. If you try to use one of them, you'll
-get an error message to tell you that it is undefined or unbound.
+other functions and files have been eliminated in Emacs 21.4.
@end itemize
+
+@ignore
+ arch-tag: 32932bd9-46f5-41b2-8a0e-fb0cc4caeb29
+@end ignore