;;; startup.el --- process Emacs shell arguments
-;; Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1992, 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+;; Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1992, 1994, 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
;; Maintainer: FSF
;; Keywords: internal
;;; Commentary:
-; These are processed only at the beginning of the argument list.
-; -batch execute noninteractively (messages go to stdout,
-; variable noninteractive set to t)
-; This option must be the first in the arglist.
-; Processed by `main' in emacs.c -- never seen by lisp
-; -t file Specify to use file rather than stdin/stdout
-; as the terminal.
-; This option must be the first in the arglist.
-; Processed by `main' in emacs.c -- never seen by lisp
-; -nw Inhibit the use of any window-system-specific display
-; code; use the current virtual terminal.
-; This option must be the first in the arglist.
-; Processed by `main' in emacs.c -- never seen by lisp
-; -q load no init file
-; -no-init-file same
-; -u user load user's init file
-; -user user same
-; -debug-init Don't catch errors in init file; let debugger run.
-
-; These are processed in the order encountered.
-; -f function execute function
-; -funcall function same
-; -l file load file
-; -load file same
-; -insert file same
-; file visit file
-; -kill kill (exit) emacs
+;; This file parses the command line and gets Emacs running. Options on
+;; the command line are handled in precedence order. The order is the
+;; one in the list below; first described means first handled. Options
+;; within each category (delimited by a bar) are handled in the order
+;; encountered on the command line.
+
+;; -------------------------
+;; -version Print Emacs version to stderr, then exit
+;; --version successfully right away.
+;; This option is handled by emacs.c
+;; -------------------------
+;; -help Print a short usage description and exit
+;; --help successfully right away.
+;; This option is handled by emacs.c
+;; -------------------------
+;; -nl Do not use shared memory (for systems that
+;; -no-shared-memory support this) for the dumped Emacs data.
+;; This option is handled by emacs.c
+;;
+;; -map For VMS.
+;; --map-data This option is handled by emacs.c
+;; -------------------------
+;; -t FILE Use FILE as the name of the terminal.
+;; --terminal FILE Using this implies "-nw" also.
+;; This option is handled by emacs.c
+;; -------------------------
+;; -d DISPNAME Use DISPNAME as the name of the X-windows
+;; -display DISPNAME display for the initial frame.
+;; --display DISPNAME This option is handled by emacs.c
+;; -------------------------
+;; -nw Do not use a windows system (but use the
+;; --no-windows terminal instead.)
+;; This option is handled by emacs.c
+;; -------------------------
+;; -batch Execute noninteractively (messages go to stdout,
+;; --batch variable noninteractive set to t)
+;; This option is handled by emacs.c
+;; -------------------------
+;; -q Do not load user's init file and do not load
+;; -no-init-file "default.el". Regardless of this switch,
+;; --no-init-file "site-start" is still loaded.
+;; -------------------------
+;; -no-site-file Do not load "site-start.el". (This is the ONLY
+;; --no-site-file way to prevent loading that file.)
+;; -------------------------
+;; -u USER Load USER's init file instead of the init
+;; -user USER file belonging to the user starting Emacs.
+;; --user USER
+;; -------------------------
+;; -debug-init Don't catch errors in init files; let the
+;; --debug-init debugger run.
+;; -------------------------
+;; -i ICONTYPE Set type of icon using when Emacs is
+;; -itype ICONTYPE iconified under X-windows.
+;; --icon-type ICONTYPE This option is passed on to term/x-win.el
+;;
+;; -iconic Start Emacs iconified under X-windows.
+;; --iconic This option is passed on to term/x-win.el
+;; -------------------------
+;; Various X-windows options for colors/fonts/geometry/title etc.
+;; These options are passed on to term/x-win.el which see. Certain
+;; of these are also found in term/pc-win.el
+;; -------------------------
+;; FILE Visit FILE.
+;;
+;; -L DIRNAME Add DIRNAME to load-path
+;; -directory DIRNAME
+;; --directory DIRNAME
+;;
+;; -l FILE Load and execute the Emacs lisp code
+;; -load FILE in FILE.
+;; --load FILE
+;;
+;; -f FUNC Execute Emacs lisp function FUNC with
+;; -funcall FUNC no arguments. The "-e" form is outdated
+;; --funcall FUNC and should not be used. (It's a typo
+;; -e FUNC promoted to a feature.)
+;;
+;; -eval FORM Execute Emacs lisp form FORM.
+;; --eval FORM
+;;
+;; -insert FILE Insert the contents of FILE into buffer.
+;; --insert FILE
+;; -------------------------
+;; -kill Kill (exit) Emacs right away.
+;; --kill
+;; -------------------------
;;; Code:
HANDLER-FUNCTION receives switch name as sole arg;
remaining command-line args are in the variable `command-line-args-left'.")
+(defvar command-line-args-left nil
+ "List of command-line args not yet processed.")
+
(defvar command-line-functions nil ;; lrs 7/31/89
"List of functions to process unrecognized command-line arguments.
Each function should access the dynamically bound variables
In either of the latter cases, `(concat \"~\" init-file-user \"/\")'
evaluates to the name of the directory where the `.emacs' file was
-looked for.")
+looked for.
+
+Setting `init-file-user' does not prevent Emacs from loading
+`site-start.el'. The only way to do that is to use `--no-site-file'.")
(defvar site-run-file "site-start"
"File containing site-wide run-time initializations.
that need to be in place for the entire site, but which, due to their
higher incidence of change, don't make sense to load into emacs'
dumped image. Thus, the run-time load order is: 1. file described in
-this variable, if non-nil; 2. `~/.emacs'; 3. `default.el'.")
+this variable, if non-nil; 2. `~/.emacs'; 3. `default.el'.
+
+Don't use the `site-start.el' file for things some users may not like.
+Put them in `default.el' instead, so that users can more easily
+override them. Users can prevent loading `default.el' with the `-q'
+option or by setting `inhibit-default-init' in their own init files,
+but inhibiting `site-start.el' requires `--no-site-file', which
+is less convenient.")
+
+(defconst iso-8859-1-locale-regexp "8859[-_]?1"
+ "Regexp that specifies when to enable the ISO 8859-1 character set.
+We do that if this regexp matches the locale name
+specified by the LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE and LANG environment variables.")
+
+(defvar mail-host-address nil
+ "*Name of this machine, for purposes of naming users.")
+
+(defvar user-mail-address nil
+ "*Full mailing address of this user.
+This is initialized based on `mail-host-address',
+after your init file is read, in case it sets `mail-host-address'.")
+
+(defvar auto-save-list-file-prefix "~/.saves-"
+ "Prefix for generating `auto-save-list-file-name'.
+This is used after reading your `.emacs' file to initialize
+`auto-save-list-file-name', by appending Emacs's pid and the system name,
+if you have not already set `auto-save-list-file-name' yourself.
+Set this to nil if you want to prevent `auto-save-list-file-name'
+from being initialized.")
(defvar init-file-debug nil)
(defvar init-file-had-error nil)
+;; This function is called from the subdirs.el file.
+(defun normal-top-level-add-to-load-path (dirs)
+ (let ((tail (member default-directory load-path)))
+ (setcdr tail (append (mapcar 'expand-file-name dirs) (cdr tail)))))
+
(defun normal-top-level ()
(if command-line-processed
(message "Back to top level.")
(setq command-line-processed t)
+ ;; Give *Messages* the same default-directory as *scratch*,
+ ;; just to keep things predictable.
+ (let ((dir default-directory))
+ (save-excursion
+ (set-buffer (get-buffer "*Messages*"))
+ (setq default-directory dir)))
+ ;; Look in each dir in load-path for a subdirs.el file.
+ ;; If we find one, load it, which will add the appropriate subdirs
+ ;; of that dir into load-path,
+ (let ((tail load-path)
+ new)
+ (while tail
+ (setq new (cons (car tail) new))
+ (let ((default-directory (car tail)))
+ (load (expand-file-name "subdirs.el" (car tail)) t t t))
+ (setq tail (cdr tail))))
(if (not (eq system-type 'vax-vms))
(progn
;; If the PWD environment variable isn't accurate, delete it.
(command-line)
;; Do this again, in case .emacs defined more abbreviations.
(setq default-directory (abbreviate-file-name default-directory))
+ ;; Specify the file for recording all the auto save files of this session.
+ ;; This is used by recover-session.
+ (or auto-save-list-file-name
+ (and auto-save-list-file-prefix
+ (setq auto-save-list-file-name
+ (expand-file-name
+ (format "%s%d-%s"
+ auto-save-list-file-prefix
+ (emacs-pid)
+ (system-name))))))
(run-hooks 'emacs-startup-hook)
(and term-setup-hook
(run-hooks 'term-setup-hook))
(and window-setup-hook
(run-hooks 'window-setup-hook))
(or menubar-bindings-done
- (precompute-menubar-bindings))))))
+ (if (or (eq window-system 'x) (eq window-system 'win32))
+ (precompute-menubar-bindings)))))))
;; Precompute the keyboard equivalents in the menu bar items.
(defun precompute-menubar-bindings ()
- (if (eq window-system 'x)
- (let ((submap (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar])))
- (while submap
- (and (consp (car submap))
- (symbolp (car (car submap)))
- (stringp (car-safe (cdr (car submap))))
- (keymapp (cdr (cdr (car submap))))
- (x-popup-menu nil (cdr (cdr (car submap)))))
- (setq submap (cdr submap))))))
+ (let ((submap (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar])))
+ (while submap
+ (and (consp (car submap))
+ (symbolp (car (car submap)))
+ (stringp (car-safe (cdr (car submap))))
+ (keymapp (cdr (cdr (car submap))))
+ (progn
+ (x-popup-menu nil (cdr (cdr (car submap))))
+ (if purify-flag
+ (garbage-collect))))
+ (setq submap (cdr submap))))
+ (setq define-key-rebound-commands t))
(defun command-line ()
(setq command-line-default-directory default-directory)
(string= vc "simple"))
(setq version-control 'never))))
+ (if (let ((ctype
+ ;; Use the first of these three envvars that has a nonempty value.
+ (or (let ((string (getenv "LC_ALL")))
+ (and (not (equal string "")) string))
+ (let ((string (getenv "LC_CTYPE")))
+ (and (not (equal string "")) string))
+ (let ((string (getenv "LANG")))
+ (and (not (equal string "")) string)))))
+ (and ctype
+ (string-match iso-8859-1-locale-regexp ctype)))
+ (progn
+ (require 'disp-table)
+ (standard-display-european t)
+ (require 'iso-syntax)))
+
;;! This has been commented out; I currently find the behavior when
;;! split-window-keep-point is nil disturbing, but if I can get used
;;! to it, then it would be better to eliminate the option.
;;! (setq split-window-keep-point (> baud-rate 2400))
;; Read window system's init file if using a window system.
- (if (and window-system (not noninteractive))
- (load (concat term-file-prefix
- (symbol-name window-system)
- "-win")
- ;; Every window system should have a startup file;
- ;; barf if we can't find it.
- nil t))
+ (condition-case error
+ (if (and window-system (not noninteractive))
+ (load (concat term-file-prefix
+ (symbol-name window-system)
+ "-win")
+ ;; Every window system should have a startup file;
+ ;; barf if we can't find it.
+ nil t))
+ ;; If we can't read it, print the error message and exit.
+ (error
+ (princ
+ (if (eq (car error) 'error)
+ (apply 'concat (cdr error))
+ (if (memq 'file-error (get (car error) 'error-conditions))
+ (format "%s: %s"
+ (nth 1 error)
+ (mapconcat '(lambda (obj) (prin1-to-string obj t))
+ (cdr (cdr error)) ", "))
+ (format "%s: %s"
+ (get (car error) 'error-message)
+ (mapconcat '(lambda (obj) (prin1-to-string obj t))
+ (cdr error) ", "))))
+ 'external-debugging-output)
+ (setq window-system nil)
+ (kill-emacs)))
(let ((done nil)
(args (cdr command-line-args)))
;; processed. This is consistent with the way main in emacs.c
;; does things.
(while (and (not done) args)
- (let ((argi (car args)))
+ (let ((longopts '(("--no-init-file") ("--no-site-file") ("--user")
+ ("--debug-init") ("--iconic") ("--icon-type")))
+ (argi (car args))
+ (argval nil))
+ ;; Handle --OPTION=VALUE format.
+ (if (and (string-match "\\`--" argi)
+ (string-match "=" argi))
+ (setq argval (substring argi (match-end 0))
+ argi (substring argi 0 (match-beginning 0))))
+ (let ((completion (try-completion argi longopts)))
+ (if (eq completion t)
+ (setq argi (substring argi 1))
+ (if (stringp completion)
+ (let ((elt (assoc completion longopts)))
+ (or elt
+ (error "Option `%s' is ambiguous" argi))
+ (setq argi (substring (car elt) 1)))
+ (setq argval nil))))
(cond
((or (string-equal argi "-q")
(string-equal argi "-no-init-file"))
args (cdr args)))
((or (string-equal argi "-u")
(string-equal argi "-user"))
- (setq args (cdr args)
- init-file-user (car args)
+ (or argval
+ (setq args (cdr args)
+ argval (car args)))
+ (setq init-file-user argval
+ argval nil
args (cdr args)))
((string-equal argi "-no-site-file")
(setq site-run-file nil
((string-equal argi "-debug-init")
(setq init-file-debug t
args (cdr args)))
- (t (setq done t)))))
-
+ ((string-equal argi "-iconic")
+ (setq initial-frame-alist
+ (cons '(visibility . icon) initial-frame-alist))
+ (setq args (cdr args)))
+ ((or (string-equal argi "-icon-type")
+ (string-equal argi "-i")
+ (string-equal argi "-itype"))
+ (setq default-frame-alist
+ (cons '(icon-type . t) default-frame-alist))
+ (setq args (cdr args)))
+ (t (setq done t)))
+ ;; Was argval set but not used?
+ (and argval
+ (error "Option `%s' doesn't allow an argument" argi))))
+
;; Re-attach the program name to the front of the arg list.
- (setcdr command-line-args args))
+ (and command-line-args (setcdr command-line-args args)))
;; Under X Windows, this creates the X frame and deletes the terminal frame.
(if (fboundp 'face-initialize)
(face-initialize))
(if (fboundp 'frame-initialize)
(frame-initialize))
+ ;; If frame was created with a menu bar, set menu-bar-mode on.
+ (if (or (not (or (eq window-system 'x) (eq window-system 'win32)))
+ (> (cdr (assq 'menu-bar-lines (frame-parameters))) 0))
+ (menu-bar-mode t))
(run-hooks 'before-init-hook)
(cond
((eq system-type 'ms-dos)
(concat "~" init-file-user "/_emacs"))
+ ((eq system-type 'windows-nt)
+ "~/_emacs")
((eq system-type 'vax-vms)
"sys$login:.emacs")
(t
(if debug-on-error-should-be-set
(setq debug-on-error debug-on-error-from-init-file)))
+ ;; Do this here in case the init file sets mail-host-address.
+ (or user-mail-address
+ (setq user-mail-address (concat (user-login-name) "@"
+ (or mail-host-address
+ (system-name)))))
+
(run-hooks 'after-init-hook)
;; If *scratch* exists and init file didn't change its mode, initialize it.
(setq window-setup-hook nil)
;; Do this now to avoid an annoying delay if the user
;; clicks the menu bar during the sit-for.
- (precompute-menubar-bindings)
+ (if (or (eq window-system 'x) (eq window-system 'win32))
+ (precompute-menubar-bindings))
(setq menubar-bindings-done t)
(unwind-protect
(progn
+ ;; The convention for this piece of code is that
+ ;; each piece of output starts with one or two newlines
+ ;; and does not end with any newlines.
(insert (emacs-version)
"
-Copyright (C) 1994 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n\n")
+Copyright (C) 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.")
;; If keys have their default meanings,
;; use precomputed string to save lots of time.
(if (and (eq (key-binding "\C-h") 'help-command)
(eq (key-binding "\C-xu") 'advertised-undo)
(eq (key-binding "\C-x\C-c") 'save-buffers-kill-emacs)
- (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-c") 'describe-copying)
- (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-d") 'describe-distribution)
- (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-w") 'describe-no-warranty)
- (eq (key-binding "\C-ht") 'help-with-tutorial))
- (insert
- "Type C-h for help; C-x u to undo changes. (`C-' means use CTRL key.)
+ (eq (key-binding "\C-ht") 'help-with-tutorial)
+ (eq (key-binding "\C-hi") 'info))
+ (insert "\n
+Type C-h for help; C-x u to undo changes. (`C-' means use CTRL key.)
To kill the Emacs job, type C-x C-c.
Type C-h t for a tutorial on using Emacs.
-Type C-h i to enter Info, which you can use to read GNU documentation.
-
+Type C-h i to enter Info, which you can use to read GNU documentation.")
+ (insert (substitute-command-keys
+ (format "\n
+Type %s for help; \\[advertised-undo] to undo changes. (`C-' means use CTRL key.)
+To kill the Emacs job, type \\[save-buffers-kill-emacs].
+Type \\[help-with-tutorial] for a tutorial on using Emacs.
+Type \\[info] to enter Info, which you can use to read GNU documentation."
+ (let ((where (where-is-internal
+ 'help-command nil t)))
+ (if where
+ (key-description where)
+ "M-x help"))))))
+ ;; Say how to use the menu bar
+ ;; if that is not with the mouse.
+ (if (not (assq 'display (frame-parameters)))
+ (if (eq (key-binding "\M-`") 'tmm-menubar)
+ (insert "\n\nType F10, ESC ` or Meta-` to use the menu bar.")
+ (insert (substitute-command-keys
+ "\n\nType \\[tmm-menubar] to use the menu bar."))))
+
+ ;; Windows and MSDOS (currently) do not count as
+ ;; window systems, but do have mouse support.
+ (if (or (memq system-type '(msdos windowsnt))
+ window-system)
+ (insert "\n
+C-mouse-3 (third mouse button, with Control) gets a mode-specific menu."))
+ (if (directory-files (file-name-directory auto-save-list-file-prefix)
+ nil
+ (concat "\\`"
+ (regexp-quote
+ (file-name-nondirectory
+ auto-save-list-file-prefix)))
+ t)
+ (insert "\n\nIf an Emacs session crashed recently,\n"
+ "type M-x recover-session RET to recover"
+ " the files you were editing."))
+
+ (if (and (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-c") 'describe-copying)
+ (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-d") 'describe-distribution)
+ (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-w") 'describe-no-warranty))
+ (insert
+ "\n
GNU Emacs comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type C-h C-w for full details.
You may give out copies of Emacs; type C-h C-c to see the conditions.
Type C-h C-d for information on getting the latest version.")
(insert (substitute-command-keys
- "Type \\[help-command] for help; \\[advertised-undo] to undo changes. (`C-' means use CTRL key.)
-To kill the Emacs job, type \\[save-buffers-kill-emacs].
-Type \\[help-with-tutorial] for a tutorial on using Emacs.
-Type \\[info] to enter Info, which you can use to read GNU documentation.
-
+ "\n
GNU Emacs comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type \\[describe-no-warranty] for full details.
You may give out copies of Emacs; type \\[describe-copying] to see the conditions.
Type \\[describe-distribution] for information on getting the latest version.")))
+
(set-buffer-modified-p nil)
(sit-for 120))
(save-excursion
(set-buffer (get-buffer "*scratch*"))
(erase-buffer)
(set-buffer-modified-p nil)))))
+ ;; Delay 2 seconds after the init file error message
+ ;; was displayed, so user can read it.
+ (if init-file-had-error
+ (sit-for 2))
(let ((dir command-line-default-directory)
(file-count 0)
first-file-buffer
(line 0))
(while command-line-args-left
- (let ((argi (car command-line-args-left))
- tem)
+ (let* ((argi (car command-line-args-left))
+ (orig-argi argi)
+ ;; This includes our standard options' long versions
+ ;; and long versions of what's on command-switch-alist.
+ (longopts
+ (append '(("--funcall") ("--load") ("--insert") ("--kill")
+ ("--directory") ("--eval"))
+ (mapcar '(lambda (elt)
+ (list (concat "-" (car elt))))
+ command-switch-alist)))
+ tem argval completion
+ ;; List of directories specified in -L/--directory,
+ ;; in reverse of the order specified.
+ extra-load-path
+ (initial-load-path load-path))
(setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left))
+
+ ;; Convert long options to ordinary options
+ ;; and separate out an attached option argument into argval.
+ (if (string-match "^--[^=]*=" argi)
+ (setq argval (substring argi (match-end 0))
+ argi (substring argi 0 (1- (match-end 0)))))
+ (setq completion (try-completion argi longopts))
+ (if (eq completion t)
+ (setq argi (substring argi 1))
+ (if (stringp completion)
+ (let ((elt (assoc completion longopts)))
+ (or elt
+ (error "Option `%s' is ambiguous" argi))
+ (setq argi (substring (car elt) 1)))
+ (setq argval nil argi orig-argi)))
+
+ ;; Execute the option.
(cond ((setq tem (assoc argi command-switch-alist))
- (funcall (cdr tem) argi))
+ (if argval
+ (let ((command-line-args-left
+ (cons argval command-line-args-left)))
+ (funcall (cdr tem) argi))
+ (funcall (cdr tem) argi)))
((or (string-equal argi "-f") ;what the manual claims
(string-equal argi "-funcall")
(string-equal argi "-e")) ; what the source used to say
- (setq tem (intern (car command-line-args-left)))
- (setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left))
- (funcall tem))
+ (if argval
+ (setq tem (intern argval))
+ (setq tem (intern (car command-line-args-left)))
+ (setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
+ (if (arrayp (symbol-function tem))
+ (command-execute tem)
+ (funcall tem)))
+ ((string-equal argi "-eval")
+ (if argval
+ (setq tem argval)
+ (setq tem (car command-line-args-left))
+ (setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
+ (eval (read tem)))
+ ;; Set the default directory as specified in -L.
+ ((or (string-equal argi "-L")
+ (string-equal argi "-directory"))
+ (if argval
+ (setq tem argval)
+ (setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
+ command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
+ (setq extra-load-path
+ (cons (expand-file-name tem) extra-load-path))
+ (setq load-path (append (nreverse extra-load-path)
+ initial-load-path)))
((or (string-equal argi "-l")
(string-equal argi "-load"))
- (let ((file (car command-line-args-left)))
+ (if argval
+ (setq tem argval)
+ (setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
+ command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
+ (let ((file tem))
;; Take file from default dir if it exists there;
;; otherwise let `load' search for it.
(if (file-exists-p (expand-file-name file))
(setq file (expand-file-name file)))
- (load file nil t))
- (setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
+ (load file nil t)))
((string-equal argi "-insert")
- (or (stringp (car command-line-args-left))
- (error "filename omitted from `-insert' option"))
- (insert-file-contents (car command-line-args-left))
- (setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
+ (if argval
+ (setq tem argval)
+ (setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
+ command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
+ (or (stringp tem)
+ (error "File name omitted from `-insert' option"))
+ (insert-file-contents tem))
((string-equal argi "-kill")
(kill-emacs t))
((string-match "^\\+[0-9]+\\'" argi)
(if (not did-hook)
;; Ok, presume that the argument is a file name
(progn
+ (if (string-match "\\`-" argi)
+ (error "Unknown option `%s'" argi))
(setq file-count (1+ file-count))
(cond ((= file-count 1)
(setq first-file-buffer