@table @samp
@item @var{file}
+@opindex --visit
@itemx --visit=@var{file}
+@opindex --file
@itemx --file=@var{file}
+@cindex visiting files, command-line argument
Visit @var{file} using @code{find-file}. @xref{Visiting}.
@item +@var{linenum} @var{file}
+@opindex +@var{linenum}
Visit @var{file} using @code{find-file}, then go to line number
@var{linenum} in it.
@need 3000
@item -l @var{file}
+@opindex -l
@itemx --load=@var{file}
+@opindex --load
+@cindex loading Lisp libraries, command-line argument
Load a Lisp library named @var{file} with the function @code{load}.
@xref{Lisp Libraries}. The library can be found either in the current
directory, or in the Emacs library search path as specified
with @env{EMACSLOADPATH} (@pxref{General Variables}).
@item -f @var{function}
+@opindex -f
@itemx --funcall=@var{function}
+@opindex --funcall
+@cindex call Lisp functions, command-line argument
Call Lisp function @var{function} with no arguments.
@item --eval=@var{expression}
+@opindex --eval
@itemx --execute=@var{expression}
+@opindex --execute
+@cindex evaluate expression, command-line argument
Evaluate Lisp expression @var{expression}.
@item --insert=@var{file}
+@opindex --insert
+@cindex insert file contents, command-line argument
Insert the contents of @var{file} into the current buffer. This is like
what @kbd{M-x insert-file} does. @xref{Misc File Ops}.
@item --kill
+@opindex --kill
Exit from Emacs without asking for confirmation.
@end table
@table @samp
@item -t @var{device}
+@opindex -t
@itemx --terminal=@var{device}
+@opindex --terminal
+@cindex device for Emacs terminal I/O
Use @var{device} as the device for terminal input and output.
@item -d @var{display}
+@opindex -d
@itemx --display=@var{display}
+@opindex --display
+@cindex display for Emacs frame
Use the X Window System and use the display named @var{display} to open
-the initial Emacs frame.
+the initial Emacs frame. @xref{Display X}, for more details.
@item -nw
+@opindex -nw
@itemx --no-windows
+@opindex --no-windows
+@cindex disable window system
Don't communicate directly with the window system, disregarding the
@env{DISPLAY} environment variable even if it is set. This forces Emacs
to run as if the display were a text-only terminal.
@need 3000
@cindex batch mode
@item -batch
+@opindex --batch
@itemx --batch
Run Emacs in @dfn{batch mode}, which means that the text being edited is
not displayed and the standard terminal interrupt characters such as
@kbd{C-z} and @kbd{C-c} continue to have their normal effect. Emacs in
batch mode outputs to @code{stderr} only what would normally be printed
-in the echo area under program control.
+in the echo area under program control, and functions which would
+normally read from the minibuffer take their input from @code{stdin}.
Batch mode is used for running programs written in Emacs Lisp from
shell scripts, makefiles, and so on. Normally the @samp{-l} option
explicitly requested.
@item -q
+@opindex -q
@itemx --no-init-file
+@opindex --no-init-file
+@cindex bypassing init and site-start file
+@cindex init file, not loading
+@cindex @file{default.el} file, not loading
Do not load your Emacs init file @file{~/.emacs}, or @file{default.el}
-either.
+either. When invoked like this, Emacs does not allow to save options
+changed with the @kbd{M-x customize} command and its variants.
+@xref{Easy Customization}.
@item --no-site-file
+@opindex --no-site-file
+@cindex @file{site-start.el} file, not loading
Do not load @file{site-start.el}. The options @samp{-q}, @samp{-u}
and @samp{-batch} have no effect on the loading of this file---this is
the only option that blocks it.
@item -u @var{user}
+@opindex -u
@itemx --user=@var{user}
+@opindex --user
+@cindex load init file of another user
Load @var{user}'s Emacs init file @file{~@var{user}/.emacs} instead of
your own.
@item --debug-init
+@opindex --debug-init
+@cindex errors in init file
Enable the Emacs Lisp debugger for errors in the init file.
@item --unibyte
+@opindex --unibyte
@cindex unibyte operation, command-line argument
Set up to do almost everything with single-byte buffers and strings.
All buffers and strings are unibyte unless you (or a Lisp program)
variable @env{EMACS_UNIBYTE} has the same effect.
@item --multibyte
+@opindex --multibyte
Inhibit the effect of @env{EMACS_UNIBYTE}, so that Emacs
uses multibyte characters by default, as usual.
@end table
@item INFOPATH
A colon-separated list of directories in which to search for Info files.
@item LC_ALL
+@itemx LC_COLLATE
@itemx LC_CTYPE
+@itemx LC_MESSAGES
+@itemx LC_MONETARY
+@itemx LC_NUMERIC
+@itemx LC_TIME
@itemx LANG
-The user's preferred locale. (The first of these environment
-variables with a nonempty value specifies the locale.) A locale name
-which contains @samp{8859-@var{n}}, @samp{8859_@var{n}} or
-@samp{8859@var{n}}, where @var{n} is between 1 and 4, automatically
-specifies the @samp{Latin-@var{n}} language environment when Emacs
-starts up. There are a few extensions: if @var{n} is 9, that specifies
-@samp{Latin-5}, and if @var{n} is 14 or 15, that specifies
-@samp{Latin-8} and @samp{Latin-9}, respectively.
-
-The locale value you specify with one of these three variables is
+The user's preferred locale. The locale has six categories, specified
+by the environment variables @env{LC_COLLATE} for sorting,
+@env{LC_CTYPE} for character encoding, @env{LC_MESSAGES} for system
+messages, @env{LC_MONETARY} for monetary formats, @env{LC_NUMERIC} for
+numbers, and @env{LC_TIME} for dates and times. If one of these
+variables is not set, the category defaults to the value of the
+@env{LANG} environment variable, or to the default @samp{C} locale if
+@env{LANG} is not set. But if @env{LC_ALL} is specified, it overrides
+the settings of all the other locale environment variables.
+
+The value of the LC_CTYPE category is
matched against entries in @code{locale-language-names},
@code{locale-charset-language-names}, and
@code{locale-preferred-coding-systems}, to select a default language
@table @samp
@item -fn @var{name}
+@opindex -fn
@itemx --font=@var{name}
+@opindex --font
+@cindex specify default font from the command line
Use font @var{name} as the default font.
@end table
Normally you should use @samp{iso8859-1}.
@end table
+@cindex listing system fonts
You will probably want to use a fixed-width default font---that is,
a font in which all characters have the same width. Any font with
@samp{m} or @samp{c} in the @var{spacing} field of the long name is a
@node Colors X
@appendixsec Window Color Options
-@cindex color of window (X Window System)
+@cindex color of window
@cindex text colors, from command line
@findex list-colors-display
Here is a list of the command-line options for specifying colors:
@table @samp
-@item -fg @var{color}
-@itemx --foreground-color=@var{color}
+@item -fg @var{color}
+@opindex -fg
+@itemx --foreground-color=@var{color}
+@opindex --foreground-color
+@cindex foreground color, command-line argument
Specify the foreground color. @var{color} should be a standard color
name, or a numeric specification of the color's red, green, and blue
components as in @samp{#4682B4} or @samp{RGB:46/82/B4}.
-@item -bg @var{color}
-@itemx --background-color=@var{color}
+@item -bg @var{color}
+@opindex -bg
+@itemx --background-color=@var{color}
+@opindex --background-color
+@cindex background color, command-line argument
Specify the background color.
-@item -bd @var{color}
-@itemx --border-color=@var{color}
+@item -bd @var{color}
+@opindex -bd
+@itemx --border-color=@var{color}
+@opindex --border-color
+@cindex border color, command-line argument
Specify the color of the border of the X window.
-@item -cr @var{color}
-@itemx --cursor-color=@var{color}
+@item -cr @var{color}
+@opindex -cr
+@itemx --cursor-color=@var{color}
+@opindex --cursor-color
+@cindex cursor color, command-line argument
Specify the color of the Emacs cursor which indicates where point is.
-@item -ms @var{color}
-@itemx --mouse-color=@var{color}
+@item -ms @var{color}
+@opindex -ms
+@itemx --mouse-color=@var{color}
+@opindex --mouse-color
+@cindex mouse pointer color, command-line argument
Specify the color for the mouse cursor when the mouse is in the Emacs window.
@item -r
+@opindex -r
+@itemx -rv
+@opindex -rv
@itemx --reverse-video
+@opindex --reverse-video
+@cindex reverse video, command-line argument
Reverse video---swap the foreground and background colors.
@end table
@end example
You can reverse the foreground and background colors through the
-@samp{-r} option or with the X resource @samp{reverseVideo}.
+@samp{-rv} option or with the X resource @samp{reverseVideo}.
The @samp{-fg}, @samp{-bg}, and @samp{-rv} options function on
text-only terminals as well as on window systems.
@node Window Size X
@appendixsec Options for Window Geometry
-@cindex geometry (X Window System)
+@cindex geometry of Emacs window
+@cindex position and size of Emacs frame
The @samp{-geometry} option controls the size and position of the
initial Emacs frame. Here is the format for specifying the window
@table @samp
@item -g @var{width}x@var{height}@r{@{}+-@r{@}}@var{xoffset}@r{@{}+-@r{@}}@var{yoffset}
+@opindex -g
Specify window size @var{width} and @var{height} (measured in character
columns and lines), and positions @var{xoffset} and @var{yoffset}
(measured in pixels).
@item --geometry=@var{width}x@var{height}@r{@{}+-@r{@}}@var{xoffset}@r{@{}+-@r{@}}@var{yoffset}
+@opindex --geometry
This is another way of writing the same thing.
@end table
@table @samp
@item -ib @var{width}
+@opindex -ib
@itemx --internal-border=@var{width}
+@opindex --internal-border
+@cindex border width, command-line argument
Specify @var{width} as the width of the internal border, in pixels.
@item -bw @var{width}
+@opindex -bw
@itemx --border-width=@var{width}
+@opindex --border-width
Specify @var{width} as the width of the main border, in pixels.
@end table
@table @samp
@item -title @var{title}
+@opindex --title
@itemx --title=@var{title}
@itemx -T @var{title}
+@opindex -T
+@cindex frame title, command-line argument
Specify @var{title} as the title for the initial Emacs frame.
@end table
@table @samp
@item -i
+@opindex -i
@itemx --icon-type
+@opindex --icon-type
+@cindex Emacs icon, a gnu
Use a picture of a gnu as the Emacs icon.
@item -iconic
+@opindex --iconic
@itemx --iconic
+@cindex start iconified, command-line argument
Start Emacs in iconified state.
@end table
collection of related options, for one program or for several programs
(optionally even for all programs).
+@cindex Registry (MS-Windows)
+ MS-Windows systems don't support @file{~/.Xdefaults} files, but
+Emacs compiled for Windows looks for X resources in the Windows
+Registry, under the keys @samp{HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs}
+and @samp{HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\GNU\Emacs}.
+
Programs define named resources with particular meanings. They also
define how to group resources into named classes. For instance, in
Emacs, the @samp{internalBorder} resource controls the width of the
@table @samp
@item -name @var{name}
+@opindex --name
@itemx --name=@var{name}
+@cindex resource name, command-line argument
Use @var{name} as the resource name (and the title) for the initial
Emacs frame. This option does not affect subsequent frames, but Lisp
programs can specify frame names when they create frames.
executable's name as the resource name.
@item -xrm @var{resource-values}
+@opindex --xrm
@itemx --xrm=@var{resource-values}
+@cindex resource values, command-line argument
Specify X resource values for this Emacs job (see below).
@end table
It will use a separate minibuffer frame instead.
@item @code{paneFont} (class @code{Font})
+@cindex font for menus
Font name for menu pane titles, in non-toolkit versions of Emacs.
@item @code{pointerColor} (class @code{Foreground})
Resources}.)
@item @code{synchronous} (class @code{Synchronous})
+@cindex debugging X problems
+@cindex synchronous X mode
Run Emacs in synchronous mode if @samp{on}. Synchronous mode is
useful for debugging X problems.