X-Git-Url: https://code.delx.au/gnu-emacs/blobdiff_plain/33e54c8713eee7a5dcada98f6a526ddf31aeb593..913645cd75fa063e918fc33f7b0d091769cecc3d:/man/basic.texi diff --git a/man/basic.texi b/man/basic.texi index 2f8c2bc176..c2e48263c2 100644 --- a/man/basic.texi +++ b/man/basic.texi @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ @c This is part of the Emacs manual. -@c Copyright (C) 1985,86,87,93,94,95,97,2000,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +@c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001, +@c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. @node Basic, Minibuffer, Exiting, Top @chapter Basic Editing Commands @@ -170,7 +171,7 @@ them). Others do more sophisticated things. @kindex RIGHT @kindex UP @kindex DOWN -@findex beginning-of-line +@findex move-beginning-of-line @findex move-end-of-line @findex forward-char @findex backward-char @@ -183,7 +184,7 @@ them). Others do more sophisticated things. @findex move-to-window-line @table @kbd @item C-a -Move to the beginning of the line (@code{beginning-of-line}). +Move to the beginning of the line (@code{move-beginning-of-line}). @item C-e Move to the end of the line (@code{move-end-of-line}). @item C-f @@ -238,9 +239,12 @@ it is commonly used to do so. If your keyboard has a @key{PAGEUP} or Read a number @var{n} and move point to buffer position @var{n}. Position 1 is the beginning of the buffer. @item M-g M-g +@itemx M-g g @itemx M-x goto-line -Read a number @var{n} and move point to line number @var{n}. Line 1 -is the beginning of the buffer. +Read a number @var{n} and move point to the beginning of line number +@var{n}. Line 1 is the beginning of the buffer. If point is on or +just after a number, then that is the default for @var{n}, if you just +press @key{RET} with an empty minibuffer. @item C-x C-n @findex set-goal-column @kindex C-x C-n @@ -261,7 +265,7 @@ to the end of another line. Normally, @code{track-eol} is @code{nil}. @xref{Variables}, for how to set variables such as @code{track-eol}. @vindex next-line-add-newlines - @kbd{C-n} normally stops at the end of the bufer when you use it on + @kbd{C-n} normally stops at the end of the buffer when you use it on the last line of the buffer. But if you set the variable @code{next-line-add-newlines} to a non-@code{nil} value, @kbd{C-n} on the last line of a buffer creates an additional line at the end and @@ -510,7 +514,7 @@ type the text for the new line. @kbd{C-o F O O} has the same effect as You can make several blank lines by typing @kbd{C-o} several times, or by giving it a numeric argument to tell it how many blank lines to make. -@xref{Arguments}, for how. If you have a fill prefix, then @kbd{C-o} +@xref{Arguments}, for how. If you have a fill prefix, the @kbd{C-o} command inserts the fill prefix on the new line, when you use it at the beginning of a line. @xref{Fill Prefix}. @@ -595,19 +599,13 @@ Toggle automatic display of the size of the buffer. @cindex location of point @cindex cursor location @cindex point location - There are two commands for working with line numbers. @kbd{M-x -what-line} computes the current line number and displays it in the -echo area. To go to a given line by number, use @kbd{M-g M-g} or -@kbd{M-g g} (@code{goto-line}). This prompts you for a line number, -then moves point to the beginning of that line. To move to a given -line in the most recently displayed other buffer, use @kbd{C-u M-g -M-g}. Line numbers in Emacs count from one at the beginning of the buffer. - - You can also see the current line number in the mode line; see @ref{Mode -Line}. If you narrow the buffer, then the line number in the mode line -is relative to the accessible portion (@pxref{Narrowing}). By contrast, -@code{what-line} shows both the line number relative to the narrowed -region and the line number relative to the whole buffer. + @kbd{M-x what-line} computes the current line number and displays it +in the echo area. You can also see the current line number in the +mode line; see @ref{Mode Line}. If you narrow the buffer, then the +line number in the mode line is relative to the accessible portion +(@pxref{Narrowing}). By contrast, @code{what-line} shows both the +line number relative to the narrowed region and the line number +relative to the whole buffer. @kbd{M-x what-page} counts pages from the beginning of the file, and counts lines within the page, showing both numbers in the echo area. @@ -628,20 +626,23 @@ point and the character after it. It displays a line in the echo area that looks like this: @smallexample -Char: c (0143, 99, 0x63) point=21044 of 26883(78%) column 53 +Char: c (99, #o143, #x63) point=28062 of 36168 (78%) column=53 @end smallexample -@noindent -(In fact, this is the output produced when point is before the -@samp{column} in the example.) - The four values after @samp{Char:} describe the character that follows point, first by showing it and then by giving its character code in -octal, decimal and hex. For a non-@acronym{ASCII} multibyte character, these are -followed by @samp{ext} and the character's representation, in hex, in +decimal, octal and hex. For a non-@acronym{ASCII} multibyte character, these are +followed by @samp{file} and the character's representation, in hex, in the buffer's coding system, if that coding system encodes the character safely and with a single byte (@pxref{Coding Systems}). If the -character's encoding is longer than one byte, Emacs shows @samp{ext ...}. +character's encoding is longer than one byte, Emacs shows @samp{file ...}. + + However, if the character displayed is in the range 0200 through +0377 octal, it may actually stand for an invalid UTF-8 byte read from +a file. In Emacs, that byte is represented as a sequence of 8-bit +characters, but all of them together display as the original invalid +byte, in octal code. In this case, @kbd{C-x =} shows @samp{part of +display ...} instead of @samp{file}. @samp{point=} is followed by the position of point expressed as a character count. The front of the buffer counts as position 1, one character later @@ -649,7 +650,7 @@ as 2, and so on. The next, larger, number is the total number of characters in the buffer. Afterward in parentheses comes the position expressed as a percentage of the total size. - @samp{column} is followed by the horizontal position of point, in + @samp{column=} is followed by the horizontal position of point, in columns from the left edge of the window. If the buffer has been narrowed, making some of the text at the @@ -658,7 +659,7 @@ additional text describing the currently accessible range. For example, it might display this: @smallexample -Char: C (0103, 67, 0x43) point=252 of 889(28%) <231 - 599> column 0 +Char: C (67, #o103, #x43) point=252 of 889 (28%) <231-599> column=0 @end smallexample @noindent @@ -671,42 +672,63 @@ part), the @w{@kbd{C-x =}} output does not describe a character after point. The output might look like this: @smallexample -point=26957 of 26956(100%) column 0 +point=36169 of 36168 (EOB) column=0 @end smallexample @cindex character set of character at point @cindex font of character at point @cindex text properties at point - @w{@kbd{C-u C-x =}} displays additional information about a -character, including the character set name and the codes that -identify the character within that character set; @acronym{ASCII} characters are -identified as belonging to the @code{ascii} character set. It also -shows the character's syntax, categories, and encodings both -internally in the buffer and externally if you save the file. It also -shows the character's text properties (@pxref{Text Properties,,, + @w{@kbd{C-u C-x =}} displays the following additional information about a +character. + +@itemize @bullet +@item +The character set name, and the codes that identify the character +within that character set; @acronym{ASCII} characters are identified +as belonging to the @code{ascii} character set. + +@item +The character's syntax and categories. + +@item +The character's encodings, both internally in the buffer, and externally +if you were to save the file. + +@item +What to type to input the character in the current input method +(if it supports the character). + +@item +If you are running Emacs on a window system, the font name and glyph +code for the character. If you are running Emacs on a terminal, the +code(s) sent to the terminal. + +@item +The character's text properties (@pxref{Text Properties,,, elisp, the Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}), and any overlays containing it (@pxref{Overlays,,, elisp, the same manual}). +@end itemize Here's an example showing the Latin-1 character A with grave accent, -in a buffer whose coding system is @code{iso-2022-7bit}, whose +in a buffer whose coding system is @code{iso-latin-1}, whose terminal coding system is @code{iso-latin-1} (so the terminal actually displays the character as @samp{@`A}), and which has font-lock-mode (@pxref{Font Lock}) enabled: @smallexample - character: @`A (04300, 2240, 0x8c0) - charset: latin-iso8859-1 - (Right-Hand Part of Latin Alphabet 1@dots{} - code point: 64 - syntax: w which means: word - category: l:Latin - buffer code: 0x81 0xC0 - file code: ESC 2C 41 40 (encoded by coding system iso-2022-7bit) -terminal code: C0 - -Text properties - font-lock-face: font-lock-variable-name-face - fontified: t + character: @`A (2240, #o4300, #x8c0, U+00C0) + charset: latin-iso8859-1 + (Right-Hand Part of Latin Alphabet 1@dots{} + code point: #x40 + syntax: w which means: word + category: l:Latin + to input: type "`A" with latin-1-prefix +buffer code: #x81 #xC0 + file code: #xC0 (encoded by coding system iso-latin-1) + display: terminal code #xC0 + +There are text properties here: + fontified t @end smallexample @node Arguments