X-Git-Url: https://code.delx.au/gnu-emacs/blobdiff_plain/76dd3692111e8affb61f36f7bd00e8c5d41da64a..62eda0e2b183f83fcb7642da15fe9ff045c91bd8:/man/glossary.texi diff --git a/man/glossary.texi b/man/glossary.texi index 541abd2406..02611790be 100644 --- a/man/glossary.texi +++ b/man/glossary.texi @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ @c This is part of the Emacs manual. -@c Copyright (C) 1985,86,87,93,94,95,1997,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +@c Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2001, 2002, +@c 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions. @node Glossary, Key Index, Intro, Top @unnumbered Glossary @@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ A backup file records the contents that a file had before the current editing session. Emacs makes backup files automatically to help you track down or cancel changes you later regret making. @xref{Backup}. -@item Balance Parentheses +@item Balancing Parentheses Emacs can balance parentheses (or other matching delimiters) either manually or automatically. You do manual balancing with the commands to move over parenthetical groupings (@pxref{Moving by Parens}). @@ -139,6 +140,9 @@ you press down on a mouse button. @xref{Mouse Buttons}. @item By Default See `default.' +@item Byte Compilation +See `compilation.' + @item @kbd{C-} @kbd{C-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for Control. @xref{User Input,C-}. @@ -171,7 +175,7 @@ mouse button and release it without moving the mouse. @xref{Mouse Buttons}. @item Clipboard A clipboard is a buffer provided by the window system for transferring text between applications. On the X Window system, the clipboard is -provided in addition to the primary selection (q.v.@:); on MS-Windows, +provided in addition to the primary selection (q.v.@:); on MS-Windows and Mac, the clipboard is used @emph{instead} of the primary selection. @xref{Clipboard}. @@ -234,8 +238,8 @@ is typed. @xref{Completion}.@refill When a line of text is longer than the width of the window, it takes up more than one screen line when displayed. We say that the text line is continued, and all screen lines used for it after the -first are called continuation lines. @xref{Basic,Continuation,Basic -Editing}. A related Emacs feature is `filling' (q.v.@:). +first are called continuation lines. @xref{Continuation Lines}. +A related Emacs feature is `filling' (q.v.@:). @item Control Character A control character is a character that you type by holding down the @@ -246,15 +250,16 @@ characters. @xref{User Input}. @item Copyleft A copyleft is a notice giving the public legal permission to -redistribute a program or other work of art. Copyright is normally used -to keep users divided and helpless; with copyleft we turn that around -to empower users and encourage them to cooperate. +redistribute and modify a program or other work of art, but requiring +modified versions to carry similar permission. Copyright is normally +used to keep users divided and helpless; with copyleft we turn that +around to empower users and encourage them to cooperate. The particular form of copyleft used by the GNU project is called the GNU General Public License. @xref{Copying}. @item @key{CTRL} -The @key{CTLR} or ``control'' key is what you hold down +The @key{CTRL} or ``control'' key is what you hold down in order to enter a control character (q.v.). @item Current Buffer @@ -263,7 +268,7 @@ commands operate. You can select any Emacs buffer as the current one. @xref{Buffers}. @item Current Line -The current line is a line point is on (@pxref{Point}). +The current line is the line that point is on (@pxref{Point}). @item Current Paragraph The current paragraph is the paragraph that point is in. If point is @@ -280,12 +285,13 @@ The cursor is the rectangle on the screen which indicates the position called point (q.v.@:) at which insertion and deletion takes place. The cursor is on or under the character that follows point. Often people speak of `the cursor' when, strictly speaking, they mean -`point.' @xref{Basic,Cursor,Basic Editing}. +`point.' @xref{Point,Cursor}. @item Customization Customization is making minor changes in the way Emacs works. It is -often done by setting variables (@pxref{Variables}) or by rebinding -key sequences (@pxref{Keymaps}). +often done by setting variables (@pxref{Variables}) or faces +(@pxref{Face Customization}), or by rebinding key sequences +(@pxref{Keymaps}). @cindex cut and paste @item Cut and Paste @@ -317,7 +323,7 @@ A defun is a major definition at the top level in a program. The name @key{DEL} is a character that runs the command to delete one character of text before the cursor. It is typically either the @key{DELETE} key or the @key{BACKSPACE} key, whichever one is easy to type. -@xref{Basic,DEL,Basic Editing}. +@xref{Erasing,DEL}. @item Deletion Deletion means erasing text without copying it into the kill ring @@ -361,7 +367,7 @@ Buttons}. @item Dribble File A dribble file is a file into which Emacs writes all the characters that -the user types on the keyboard. Dribble files are used to make a record +you type on the keyboard. Dribble files are used to make a record for debugging Emacs bugs. Emacs does not make a dribble file unless you tell it to. @xref{Bugs}. @@ -372,9 +378,10 @@ arguments to commands, for asking questions, and showing brief messages @samp{*Messages*} so you can review them later. @xref{Echo Area}. @item Echoing -Echoing is acknowledging the receipt of commands by displaying them (in -the echo area). Emacs never echoes single-character key sequences; -longer key sequences echo only if you pause while typing them. +Echoing is acknowledging the receipt of input events by displaying +them (in the echo area). Emacs never echoes single-character key +sequences; longer key sequences echo only if you pause while typing +them. @item Electric We say that a character is electric if it is normally self-inserting @@ -434,6 +441,7 @@ such as font family and size, foreground and background colors, underline and strike-through, background stipple, etc. Emacs provides features to associate specific faces with portions of buffer text, in order to display that text as specified by the face attributes. +@xref{Faces}. @item File Locking Emacs uses file locking to notice when two different users @@ -445,7 +453,7 @@ or absolute; the meaning of a relative file name depends on the current directory, but an absolute file name refers to the same file regardless of which directory is current. On GNU and Unix systems, an absolute file name starts with a slash (the root directory) or with @samp{~/} or -@samp{~@var{user}/} (a home directory). On MS-Windows/MS-DOS, and +@samp{~@var{user}/} (a home directory). On MS-Windows/MS-DOS, an absolute file name can also start with a drive letter and a colon @samp{@var{d}:}. @@ -492,16 +500,16 @@ See `page.' @item Frame A frame is a rectangular cluster of Emacs windows. Emacs starts out with one frame, but you can create more. You can subdivide each frame -into Emacs windows (q.v.@:). When you are using a windowing system, all -the frames can be visible at the same time. @xref{Frames}. Some -other editors use the term ``window'' for this, but in Emacs a window -means something else. +into Emacs windows (q.v.@:). When you are using a window system +(q.v.@:), all the frames can be visible at the same time. +@xref{Frames}. Some other editors use the term ``window'' for this, +but in Emacs a window means something else. @item Fringe -On windowed displays, there's a narrow portion of the frame (q.v.@:) -between the text area and the window's border. Emacs displays the -fringe using a special face (q.v.@:) called @code{fringe}. -@xref{Faces,fringe}. +On a graphical display (q.v.@:), there's a narrow portion of the +frame (q.v.@:) between the text area and the window's border. Emacs +displays the fringe using a special face (q.v.@:) called +@code{fringe}. @xref{Faces,fringe}. @item FTP FTP is an acronym for File Transfer Protocol. Emacs uses an FTP client @@ -547,7 +555,11 @@ just names. All the non-Meta (q.v.@:) characters except for the Control (q.v.@:) characters are graphic characters. These include letters, digits, punctuation, and spaces; they do not include @key{RET} or @key{ESC}. In Emacs, typing a graphic character inserts -that character (in ordinary editing modes). @xref{Basic,,Basic Editing}. +that character (in ordinary editing modes). @xref{Inserting Text}. + +@item Graphical Display +A graphical display is one that can display images and multiple fonts. +Usually it also has a window system (q.v.@:). @item Highlighting Highlighting text means displaying it with a different foreground and/or @@ -562,7 +574,7 @@ Search}). See also `font lock'. @item Hardcopy Hardcopy means printed output. Emacs has commands for making printed -listings of text in Emacs buffers. @xref{Hardcopy}. +listings of text in Emacs buffers. @xref{Printing}. @item @key{HELP} @key{HELP} is the Emacs name for @kbd{C-h} or @key{F1}. You can type @@ -639,7 +651,10 @@ See `incremental search.' @item Justification Justification means adding extra spaces within lines of text to make them extend exactly to a specified width. -@xref{Filling,Justification}. +@xref{Format Justification}. + +@item Keybinding +See `binding.' @item Keyboard Macro Keyboard macros are a way of defining new Emacs commands from @@ -649,8 +664,8 @@ sequences of existing ones, with no need to write a Lisp program. @cindex keyboard shortcuts @item Keyboard Shortcut A keyboard shortcut is a key sequence (q.v.@:) which invokes a -command. What other programs call ``assign a keyboard shortcut'' -Emacs calls ``bind a key sequence''. See `binding.' +command. What some programs call ``assigning a keyboard shortcut,'' +Emacs calls ``binding a key sequence.'' See `binding.' @item Key Sequence A key sequence (key, for short) is a sequence of input events (q.v.@:) @@ -667,7 +682,7 @@ keymap binds the character @kbd{C-n} to the command function @item Keyboard Translation Table The keyboard translation table is an array that translates the character codes that come from the terminal into the character codes that make up -key sequences. @xref{Keyboard Translations}. +key sequences. @item Kill Ring The kill ring is where all text you have killed recently is saved. @@ -730,7 +745,7 @@ A local value of a variable (q.v.@:) applies to only one buffer. @item @kbd{M-} @kbd{M-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for @key{META}, one of the modifier keys that can accompany any character. -@xref{User Input}. +@xref{User Input,M-}. @item @kbd{M-C-} @kbd{M-C-} in the name of a character is an abbreviation for @@ -760,6 +775,10 @@ The Emacs major modes are a mutually exclusive set of options, each of which configures Emacs for editing a certain sort of text. Ideally, each programming language has its own major mode. @xref{Major Modes}. +@item Margin +The space between the usable part of a window (including the +fringe) and the window edge. + @item Mark The mark points to a position in the text. It specifies one end of the region (q.v.@:), point being the other end. Many commands operate on @@ -829,8 +848,8 @@ has never been saved). @xref{Saving}. @item Moving Text Moving text means erasing it from one place and inserting it in -another. The usual way to move text by killing (q.v.@:) and then -yanking (q.v.@:). @xref{Killing}. +another. The usual way to move text is by killing (q.v.@:) it and then +yanking (q.v.@:) it. @xref{Killing}. @item MULE MULE refers to the Emacs features for editing multilingual non-@acronym{ASCII} text @@ -850,7 +869,7 @@ location in text so that you can move point to that location. @item Narrowing Narrowing means creating a restriction (q.v.@:) that limits editing in the current buffer to only a part of the text in the buffer. Text -outside that part is inaccessible to the user until the boundaries are +outside that part is inaccessible for editing until the boundaries are widened again, but it is still there, and saving the file saves it all. @xref{Narrowing}. @@ -894,7 +913,7 @@ end of a word or expression. @xref{Syntax}. Point is the place in the buffer at which insertion and deletion occur. Point is considered to be between two characters, not at one character. The terminal's cursor (q.v.@:) indicates the location of -point. @xref{Basic,Point,Basic Editing}. +point. @xref{Point}. @item Prefix Argument See `numeric argument.' @@ -942,7 +961,7 @@ convention. For example, an ``ordinary'' character as an Emacs command inserts itself; so in this context, a special character is any character that does not normally insert itself (such as @key{DEL}, for example), and quoting it makes it insert itself as if it were not special. Not -all contexts allow quoting. @xref{Basic,Quoting,Basic Editing}. +all contexts allow quoting. @xref{Inserting Text,Quoting}. @item Quoting File Names Quoting a file name turns off the special significance of constructs @@ -963,7 +982,7 @@ one corner and putting the mark at the diagonally opposite corner. @item Recursive Editing Level A recursive editing level is a state in which part of the execution of -a command involves asking the user to edit some text. This text may +a command involves asking you to edit some text. This text may or may not be the same as the text to which the command was applied. The mode line indicates recursive editing levels with square brackets (@samp{[} and @samp{]}). @xref{Recursive Edit}. @@ -980,7 +999,7 @@ See `regular expression.' The region is the text between point (q.v.@:) and the mark (q.v.@:). Many commands operate on the text of the region. @xref{Mark,Region}. -@item Registers +@item Register Registers are named slots in which text or buffer positions or rectangles can be saved for later use. @xref{Registers}. A related Emacs feature is `bookmarks' (q.v.@:). @@ -1035,7 +1054,7 @@ systems. @xref{Scroll Bars}. @item Scrolling Scrolling means shifting the text in the Emacs window so as to see a -different part of the buffer. @xref{Display,Scrolling}. +different part of the buffer. @xref{Scrolling}. @item Searching Searching means moving point to the next occurrence of a specified @@ -1053,9 +1072,17 @@ applications can use it for transferring text to and from other applications. Emacs has special mouse commands for transferring text using the secondary selection. @xref{Secondary Selection}. -@item Selecting +@item Selected Frame +The selected frame is the one your input currently operates on. +@xref{Frames}. + +@item Selected Window +The selected frame is the one your input currently operates on. +@xref{Basic Window}. + +@item Selecting a Buffer Selecting a buffer means making it the current (q.v.@:) buffer. -@xref{Buffers,Selecting}. +@xref{Select Buffer}. @item Selection Windowing systems allow an application program to specify @@ -1099,7 +1126,7 @@ warns one of the users to investigate. space bar. @item Speedbar -Speedbar is a special tall frame that provides fast access to Emacs +The speedbar is a special tall frame that provides fast access to Emacs buffers, functions within those buffers, Info nodes, and other interesting parts of text within Emacs. @xref{Speedbar}. @@ -1212,7 +1239,7 @@ two adjacent characters, words, balanced expressions (q.v.@:) or lines Truncating text lines in the display means leaving out any text on a line that does not fit within the right margin of the window displaying it. See also `continuation line.' -@xref{Basic,Truncation,Basic Editing}. +@xref{Continuation Lines,Truncation}. @item TTY See `text-only terminal.' @@ -1223,8 +1250,9 @@ back the text that existed earlier in the editing session. @xref{Undo}. @item User Option -A user option is a variable (q.v.@:) that exists so that you can customize -Emacs by setting it to a new value. @xref{Variables}. +A user option is a face (q.v.@:) or a variable (q.v.@:) that exists so +that you can customize Emacs by setting it to a new value. +@xref{Easy Customization}. @item Variable A variable is an object in Lisp that can store an arbitrary value. @@ -1260,6 +1288,12 @@ can display the contents of one buffer (q.v.@:) at any time. other editors use the term ``window'' for what we call a `frame' (q.v.@:) in Emacs. +@item Window System +A window system is software that operates on a graphical display +(q.v.@:), to subdivide the screen so that multiple applications can +have their] own windows at the same time. All modern operating systems +include a window system. + @item Word Abbrev See `abbrev.'