1 GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes.
3 Copyright (C) 2014-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 See the end of the file for license conditions.
6 Please send Emacs bug reports to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.
7 If possible, use M-x report-emacs-bug.
9 This file is about changes in Emacs version 25.
11 See file HISTORY for a list of GNU Emacs versions and release dates.
12 See files NEWS.24, NEWS.23, NEWS.22, NEWS.21, NEWS.20, NEWS.19, NEWS.18,
13 and NEWS.1-17 for changes in older Emacs versions.
15 You can narrow news to a specific version by calling `view-emacs-news'
16 with a prefix argument or by typing C-u C-h C-n.
19 +++ indicates that all necessary documentation updates are complete.
20 (This means all relevant manuals in doc/ AND lisp doc-strings.)
21 --- means no change in the manuals is needed.
22 When you add a new item, use the appropriate mark if you are sure it applies,
23 otherwise leave it unmarked.
26 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.2
29 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.2
32 * Changes in Emacs 25.2
34 ** It is possible to disable attempted recovery on fatal signals
36 Two new variables allow to disable attempts to recover from stack
37 overflow and to avoid automatic auto-save when Emacs is delivered a
38 fatal signal. `attempt-stack-overflow-recovery', if set to `nil',
39 will disable attempts to recover from C stack overflows; Emacs will
40 then crash as with any other fatal signal.
41 `attempt-orderly-shutdown-on-fatal-signal', if set to `nil', will
42 disable attempts to auto-save the session and shut down in an orderly
43 fashion when Emacs receives a fatal signal; instead, Emacs will
44 terminate immediately. Both variables are non-`nil' by default.
45 These variables are for users who would like to avoid the small
46 probability of data corruption due to techniques Emacs uses to recover
50 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.2
53 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
58 *** A new `s' command for switching to another eww buffer via the minibuffer.
61 ** The commands that add ChangeLog entries now prefer a VCS root directory
62 for the ChangeLog file, if none already exists. Customize
63 `change-log-directory-files' to nil for the old behavior.
66 ** Support for non-string values of `time-stamp-format' has been removed.
71 *** New connection method "sg", which allows to edit files under
75 *** New connection method "doas" for OpenBSD hosts.
78 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
81 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
84 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
86 ** New var syntax-ppss-table to control the syntax-table used in syntax-ppss
88 ** Autoload files can be generated without timestamps,
89 by setting `autoload-timestamps' to nil.
92 * Changes in Emacs 25.2 on Non-Free Operating Systems
95 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.1
98 ** Building Emacs now requires C99 or later.
101 ** Building Emacs now requires GNU make, version 3.81 or later.
104 ** New configure option --with-cairo.
105 This builds Emacs with Cairo drawing. As a side effect, it provides
106 support for built-in printing, when Emacs was built with GTK+.
107 Cairo drawing is an experimental feature in Emacs, and subject to
108 change in future releases.
111 ** New configure option --with-modules.
112 This enables support for loading dynamic modules; see below.
115 ** By default, Emacs no longer works on IRIX. We expect that Emacs
116 users are not affected by this, as SGI stopped supporting IRIX in
117 December 2013. If you are affected, please send a bug report. You
118 should be able to work around the problem either by porting the Emacs
119 undumping code to GCC under IRIX, or by configuring --with-wide-int,
120 or by sticking with Emacs 24.4.
123 ** The Emacs garbage collector assumes GC_MARK_STACK == GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS.
124 The GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS stack-marking variant has been the default
125 since Emacs 24.4, and the other variants were undocumented and were
126 obstacles to maintenance and development. GC_MARK_STACK and its
127 related symbols have been removed from the C internals.
130 ** 'configure' now prefers gnustep-config when configuring GNUstep.
131 If gnustep-config is not available, the old heuristics are used.
134 ** 'configure' now prefers inotify to gfile for file notification,
135 unless gfile is explicitly requested via --with-file-notification='gfile'.
138 ** 'configure' detects the kqueue file notification library on *BSD
139 and Mac OS X machines.
142 ** The configure option '--with-pkg-config-prog' has been removed.
143 Use './configure PKG_CONFIG=/full/name/of/pkg-config' if you need to.
146 ** The configure option '--with-mmdf' has been removed.
147 It was no longer useful, as it relied on libraries that are no longer
148 supported, and its presence led to confusion during configuration.
149 This affects only the 'movemail' utility; Emacs itself can still
150 process MMDF-format files as before.
153 ** The configure option '--enable-silent-rules' is now the default,
154 and silent rules are now quieter. To get the old behavior where
155 'make' chatters a lot, configure with '--disable-silent-rules' or
156 build with 'make V=1'.
159 ** The configure option '--with-gameuser' now allows you to specify a
160 group instead of a user if its argument is prefixed by ':' (a colon).
161 This will cause the game score files in ${localstatedir}/games/emacs
162 to be owned by that group, and the helper program for updating them to
163 be installed setgid. The option now defaults to the 'games' group.
166 ** The `grep-changelog' script (and its manual page) are no longer included.
167 It has no particular connection to Emacs and has not changed in years,
168 so if you want to use it, you can always take a copy from an older Emacs.
171 ** Emacs 25 comes with a new set of icons.
172 Various resolutions are available as etc/images/icons/hicolor/*/apps/emacs.png.
173 The old Emacs logo icons are available as `emacs23.png' in the same location.
176 ** New make target `check-expensive' to run additional tests.
177 This includes all tests which run via "make check", plus additional
178 tests which take more time to perform.
181 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.1
184 ** When Emacs is given a file as a command line argument and
185 `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, display both the file and
186 `initial-buffer-choice'. When Emacs is given more than one file and
187 `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, show `initial-buffer-choice'
188 and *Buffer List*. This makes Emacs convenient to use from the
189 command line when `initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil.
192 ** The value of ‘initial-scratch-message’ is now treated as a doc string
193 and can contain escape sequences for command keys, quotes, and the like.
196 * Changes in Emacs 25.1
199 ** Xwidgets: a new feature for embedding native widgets inside Emacs buffers.
200 If you have gtk3 and webkitgtk3 installed, and Emacs was built with
201 xwidget support, you can access the embedded webkit browser with `M-x
202 xwidget-webkit-browse-url'. This opens a new buffer with the embedded
203 browser. The buffer will have a new mode, `xwidget-webkit-mode'
204 (similar to `image-mode'), which supports the webkit widget.
207 *** New functions for xwidget-webkit mode `xwidget-webkit-insert-string',
208 `xwidget-webkit-adjust-size-dispatch', `xwidget-webkit-back',
209 `xwidget-webkit-browse-url', `xwidget-webkit-reload',
210 `xwidget-webkit-current-url', `xwidget-webkit-scroll-backward',
211 `xwidget-webkit-scroll-forward', `xwidget-webkit-scroll-down',
212 `xwidget-webkit-scroll-up'.
215 ** Emacs can now load shared/dynamic libraries (modules).
216 A dynamic Emacs module is a shared library that provides additional
217 functionality for use in Emacs Lisp programs, just like a package
218 written in Emacs Lisp would. The functions `load', `require',
219 `load-file', etc. were extended to load such modules, as they do with
220 Emacs Lisp packages. The new variable `module-file-suffix' holds the
221 system-dependent value of the file-name extension (`.so' on Posix
222 hosts) of the module files.
224 A module should export a C-callable function named
225 `emacs_module_init', which Emacs will call as part of the call to
226 `load' or `require' which loads the module. It should also export a
227 symbol named `plugin_is_GPL_compatible' to indicate that its code is
228 released under the GPL or compatible license; Emacs will refuse to
229 load modules that don't export such a symbol.
231 If a module needs to call Emacs functions, it should do so through the
232 API defined and documented in the header file `emacs-module.h'. Note
233 that any module that provides Lisp-callable functions will have to use
234 Emacs functions such as `fset' and `funcall', in order to register its
235 functions with the Emacs Lisp interpreter.
237 Modules can create `user-ptr' Lisp objects that embed pointers to C
238 struct's defined by the module. This is useful for keeping around
239 complex data structures created by a module, to be passed back to the
240 module's functions. User-ptr objects can also have associated
241 "finalizers" -- functions to be run when the object is GC'ed; this is
242 useful for freeing any resources allocated for the underlying data
243 structure, such as memory, open file descriptors, etc. A new
244 predicate `user-ptrp' returns non-nil if its argument is a `user-ptr'
247 Loadable modules in Emacs are an experimental feature, and subject to
248 change in future releases. For that reason, their support is disabled
249 by default, and must be enabled by using the `--with-modules' option
253 ** A second dir-local file (.dir-locals-2.el) is now accepted.
254 See the variable `dir-locals-file-2' for more information.
257 ** Network security (TLS/SSL certificate validity and the like) is
258 added via the new Network Security Manager (NSM) and controlled via
259 the `network-security-level' variable.
262 ** International domain names (IDNA) are now encoded via the new
263 puny.el library, so that one can visit web sites like
264 "http://méxico.icom.museum".
267 ** C-h l now also lists the commands that were run.
269 ** The new M-s M-w key binding uses eww to search the web for the
273 ** The new `timer-list' command lists all active timers in a buffer
274 where you can cancel them with the `c' command.
276 ** M-x suggests shorthands and ignores obsolete commands for completion.
277 ** x-select-enable-clipboard is renamed select-enable-clipboard.
278 x-select-enable-primary and renamed select-enable-primary.
279 Additionally they both now apply to all systems (OSX, GNUstep, Windows, you
280 name it), with the proviso that on some systems (e.g. Windows)
281 select-enable-primary is ineffective since the system doesn't
282 have the equivalent of a primary selection.
285 ** New option `switch-to-buffer-in-dedicated-window' allows you to
286 customize how `switch-to-buffer' proceeds interactively when the
287 selected window is strongly dedicated to its buffer.
290 ** The option `even-window-heights' has been renamed to
291 `even-window-sizes' and now handles window widths as well.
294 ** New function `read-multiple-choice' use to prompt for
295 multiple-choice questions, with a handy way to display help texts.
298 ** terpri gets an optional arg ENSURE to conditionally output a newline.
301 ** `insert-register' now leaves point after the inserted text
302 when called interactively. A prefix argument toggles this behavior.
305 ** The new variable `term-file-aliases' replaces some files from lisp/term.
306 The function `tty-run-terminal-initialization' consults this variable
307 when deciding what terminal-specific initialization code to run.
310 ** New variable `system-configuration-features', listing some of the
311 main features that Emacs was compiled with. This is mainly intended
312 for use in Emacs bug reports.
315 ** A password is now hidden also when typed in batch mode. Another
316 hiding character but the default `.' can be used by let-binding the
317 variable `read-hide-char'.
320 ** New input methods: `tamil-dvorak' and `programmer-dvorak'.
323 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.1
326 ** M-x suggests shorthands and ignores obsolete commands for completion.
331 *** Successive single-char deletions are collapsed in the undo-log just like
332 successive char insertions. Which commands invoke this behavior is
333 controlled by the new `undo-auto-amalgamate' function. See the node
334 "Undo" in the ELisp manual for more details.
337 *** The heuristic used to insert `undo-boundary' after each command
338 has changed, so that if a command causes changes in more than just the
339 current buffer, Emacs now calls `undo-boundary' in every buffer
340 affected by the command.
343 ** New command `comment-line' bound to `C-x C-;'.
345 ** New and improved facilities for inserting Unicode characters
348 *** Unicode names entered via C-x 8 RET now use substring completion by default.
351 *** C-x 8 now has shorthands for these chars: ‐ ‑ ‒ – — ― ‘ ’ “ ” † ‡ • ′ ″
352 € № ← → ↔ − ≈ ≠ ≤ ≥. As before, you can type C-x 8 C-h to list shorthands.
355 *** New minor mode electric-quote-mode for quoting ‘like this’ and “like this”
356 as you type. See also the new variable ‘text-quoting-style’.
359 ** New minor mode global-eldoc-mode is enabled by default.
362 ** Emacs now uses "bracketed paste mode" on text terminals that support it.
363 Bracketed paste mode causes text terminals to wrap pasted text in special
364 escape sequences that allow Emacs to tell the difference between text
365 you type and text you paste from other applications. Emacs then
366 avoids interpreting each character in the pasted text as it does with
367 keyboard input, which results in a paste experience similar to that
368 under a window system, and significant performance improvements when
369 pasting large amounts of text.
371 Bracketed paste mode is disabled by default, so Emacs automatically
372 enables it at startup if the terminal supports it.
375 ** Emacs now supports the latest version of the UBA.
376 The Emacs implementation of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm (UBA)
377 was updated to support all the latest additions and changes introduced
378 in Unicode Standard versions 6.3, 7.0, and the latest Unicode 8.0.
379 This includes full support for directional isolates and the
380 Bidirectional Parentheses Algorithm (BPA) specified by these Unicode
384 ** You can access `mouse-buffer-menu' (C-down-mouse-1) using C-f10.
387 ** New buffer-local `electric-pair-local-mode'.
390 ** New variable `fast-but-imprecise-scrolling' inhibits
391 fontification during full screen scrolling operations, giving less
392 hesitant operation during auto-repeat of C-v, M-v at the cost of
393 possible inaccuracies in the end position.
396 ** New documentation command `describe-symbol'.
397 Works for functions, variables, faces, etc. It is bound to `C-h o' by
401 ** New function `custom-prompt-customize-unsaved-options' checks for
402 unsaved customizations and prompts user to customize (if found). It
403 is intended for adding to 'kill-emacs-query-functions'.
406 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
411 *** New command `checkdoc-package-keywords' checks if the
412 current package keywords are recognized. Set the new option
413 `checkdoc-package-keywords-flag' to non-nil to make
414 `checkdoc-current-buffer' call this function automatically.
417 *** New function `checkdoc-file' checks for style errors.
418 It's meant for use together with `compile':
419 emacs -batch --eval "(checkdoc-file \"subr.el\")"
424 *** The desktop format version has been upgraded from 206 to 208.
425 Although Emacs 25.1 can read a version 206 desktop, earlier Emacsen
426 cannot read a version 208 desktop. To upgrade your desktop file, you
427 must explicitly request the upgrade, by C-u M-x desktop-save. You are
428 recommended to do this as soon as you have firmly upgraded to Emacs
429 25.1 (or later). Should you ever need to downgrade your desktop file
430 to version 206, you can do this with C-u C-u M-x desktop-save.
433 ** New function `bookmark-set-no-overwrite' bound to C-x r M.
434 It raises an error if a bookmark of that name already exists,
435 unlike `bookmark-set' which silently updates an existing bookmark.
440 *** `imap-ssl-program' has been removed, and imap.el uses the internal
441 GnuTLS encryption functions if possible.
446 *** `json-pretty-print' and `json-pretty-print-buffer' now maintain
447 the ordering of object keys by default.
450 *** New commands `json-pretty-print-ordered' and
451 `json-pretty-print-buffer-ordered' pretty prints JSON objects with
452 object keys sorted alphabetically.
455 ** Prog mode has some support for multi-mode indentation.
456 This allows better indentation support in modes that support multiple
457 programming languages in the same buffer, like literate programming
458 environments or ANTLR programs with embedded Python code.
460 A major mode can provide indentation context for a sub-mode through
461 the `prog-indentation-context' variable. To support this, modes that
462 provide indentation should use `prog-widen' instead of `widen' and
463 `prog-first-column' instead of a literal zero. See the node
464 "Mode-Specific Indent" in the ELisp manual for more details.
466 ** Prettify Symbols mode
469 *** Prettify Symbols mode supports custom composition predicates. By
470 overriding the default `prettify-symbols-compose-predicate', modes can
471 specify in which contexts a symbol may be displayed as some Unicode
472 character. `prettify-symbols-default-compose-p' is the default which
473 is suitable for most programming languages such as C or Lisp (but not
477 *** Symbols can be unprettified while point is inside them.
478 New variable `prettify-symbols-unprettify-at-point' configures this.
480 ** Enhanced xterm support
483 *** The new variable `xterm-screen-extra-capabilities' for configuring xterm.
484 This variable tells Emacs which advanced capabilities are available in
485 the xterm terminal emulator used to display Emacs text-mode frames.
486 The default is to check each capability, and use it if available.
487 (This variable was introduced in Emacs 24.1, but was not announced in
491 *** Killing text now also sets the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection
492 in the surrounding GUI (using the OSC-52 escape sequence). This only works
493 if your xterm supports it and enables the `allowWindowOps' options (disabled
494 by default at least in Debian, for security reasons).
496 Similarly, you can yank the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection (using the OSC-52
497 escape sequence) if your xterm has the feature enabled but for that you
498 additionally need to add `getSelection' to `xterm-extra-capabilities'.
501 *** `xterm-mouse-mode' now supports mouse-tracking (if your xterm supports it).
504 ** The `save-place' variable is replaced by `save-place-mode'.
509 *** ERC can now hide message types by network or channel.
510 `erc-hide-list' will hide all messages of the specified type, while
511 `erc-network-hide-list' and `erc-channel-hide-list' will only hide the
512 specified message types for the respective specified targets.
514 *** New variable `erc-default-port-tls' used to connect to TLS IRC
518 *** Reconnection is now asynchronous.
521 *** Nick completion is now case-insensitive again after inadvertently
522 being made case-sensitive in Emacs 24.2.
527 *** New commands, key binds, and menu items.
529 **** `<' and `>' for navigating previous and next tracks in playlist
531 **** New play/pause command `mpc-toggle-play' bound to `s'
533 **** `g' bound to new command `mpc-seek-current' will navigate current
536 **** New commands `mpc-toggle-{consume,repeat,single,shuffle}' for
537 toggling playback modes.
540 *** Now supports connecting to a UNIX domain socket.
543 *** Looks at more image file names to use as album art.
544 Case-insensitively tries for .folder.png (freedesktop) and folder.jpg
545 (XP) in addition to cover.jpg.
548 *** Searches in more locations for MPD configuration files.
549 MPD supports the XDG base directory specification since version 0.17.6.
554 *** `midnight-mode' is now a proper minor mode.
557 *** clean-buffer-*-regexps can now specify buffers via predicate functions.
562 *** New "external" package status.
563 An external package is any installed package that's not built-in and
564 not from `package-user-dir', which usually means it's from an entry in
565 `package-directory-list'. They are treated much like built-in
566 packages, in that they cannot be deleted through the package menu and
567 are not considered for upgrades.
569 The effect is that a user can manually place a specific version of a
570 package inside `package-directory-list' and the package menu will
574 *** If a package is available on multiple archives and one has higher
575 priority (as per `package-archive-priorities') only that one is
576 listed. This can be configured with `package-menu-hide-low-priority'.
579 *** `package-menu-toggle-hiding' now toggles the hiding of packages.
580 This includes the above-mentioned low-priority packages, as well as
581 available packages whose version is lower than the currently installed
582 version (which were previously impossible to display).
583 This allows users to downgrade a package if a lower version is
587 *** When filtering the package menu, keywords starting with "arc:" or
588 "status:" represent package archive or status, respectively, instead
592 *** Most functions which involve downloading information now take an
593 ASYNC argument. If it is non-nil, package.el performs the download(s)
597 *** New variable `package-menu-async' controls whether the
598 package-menu uses asynchronous downloads.
601 *** `package-install-from-buffer' and `package-install-file' work on directories.
602 This follows the same rules as installing from a .tar file, except the
603 -pkg file is optional.
606 *** Packages which are dependencies of other packages cannot be deleted.
607 The FORCE argument to `package-delete' overrides this.
610 *** New custom variable `package-selected-packages' tracks packages
611 which were installed by the user (as opposed to installed as
612 dependencies). This variable can also be manually customized.
615 *** New command `package-install-selected-packages' installs all
616 packages from `package-selected-packages' which are currently missing.
619 *** New command `package-autoremove' removes all packages which were
620 installed strictly as dependencies but are no longer needed.
625 When you invoke `shell' interactively, the *shell* buffer will now
626 display in a new window. However, you can customize this behavior via
627 the `display-buffer-alist' variable. For example, to get
628 the old behavior -- *shell* buffer displays in current window -- use
629 (add-to-list 'display-buffer-alist
630 '("^\\*shell\\*$" . (display-buffer-same-window))).
634 *** The `:protection' slot option is not obeyed any more.
636 *** The `newname' argument to constructors is optional&deprecated.
637 If you need your objects to be named, do it by inheriting from `eieio-named'.
639 *** The <class>-list-p and <class>-child-p functions are declared obsolete.
641 *** The <class> variables are declared obsolete.
643 *** The <initarg> variables are declared obsolete.
645 *** defgeneric and defmethod are declared obsolete.
646 Use the equivalent facilities from cl-generic.el instead.
648 *** `constructor' is now an obsolete alias for `make-instance'.
649 --- `pcase' accepts a new UPattern `eieio'.
654 *** New command `ido-bury-buffer-at-head' bound to C-S-b
655 Bury the buffer at the head of `ido-matches', analogous to how C-k
656 kills the buffer at head.
659 *** A prefix argument to `ido-restrict-to-matches' will reverse its
660 meaning, and the list is restricted to those elements that do not
661 match the current input.
666 *** You can use <UP> and <DOWN> arrow keys to move through history by lines.
667 The new commands `next-line-or-history-element' and
668 `previous-line-or-history-element', bound to <UP> and <DOWN> in the
669 minibuffer, allow by-line movement through minibuffer history,
670 similarly to an ordinary buffer. Only when point moves over
671 the bottom/top of the minibuffer it goes to the next/previous history
672 element. `M-p' and `M-n' still move directly to previous/next history
675 ** Search and Replace
678 *** New user option `search-default-mode'
679 specifies the default mode for I-search.
682 *** `isearch' and `query-replace' can now perform character folding in matches.
683 Isearch does that by default, while `query-replace' will do that if
684 the new variable `replace-character-fold' is customized to a non-nil
685 value. This is analogous to case folding, but instead of disregarding
686 case variants, it disregards wider classes of distinctions between
687 similar characters. (Case folding is a special case of character
688 folding.) This means many characters in the search string will match
689 entire groups of characters instead of just themselves.
691 For instance, the " will match all variants of double quotes (like “
692 and ”), and the letter a will match all of its accented cousins, even
693 those composed of multiple characters, as well as many other symbols
697 *** New function `character-fold-to-regexp' can be used
698 by searching commands to produce a regexp matching anything that
699 character-folds into STRING.
702 *** The new M-s M-w key binding uses eww to search the web for the
703 text in the region. The search engine to use for this is specified by
704 the customizable variable `eww-search-prefix'.
707 *** Query-replace history is enhanced.
708 When query-replace reads the FROM string from the minibuffer, typing
709 `M-p' will now show previous replacements as "FROM SEP TO", where FROM
710 and TO are the original text and its replacement, and SEP is an arrow
711 string defined by the new variable `query-replace-from-to-separator'.
712 To select a prior replacement, type `M-p' until the desired
713 replacement appears in the minibuffer, and then exit the minibuffer by
718 *** If `quick-calc' is called with a prefix argument, insert the
719 result of the calculation into the current buffer.
722 ** In Edebug, you can now set the initial mode with C-x C-a C-m. With
723 this you can tell Edebug not to stop at the start of the first
724 instrumented function.
729 *** New minor mode `global-eldoc-mode'
730 It is turned on by default, and affects `*scratch*' and other buffers
731 whose major mode supports Emacs Lisp.
734 *** `eldoc-documentation-function' now defaults to `ignore'
737 *** `describe-char-eldoc' displays information about character at point,
738 and can be used as a default value of `eldoc-documentation-function'. It is
739 useful when, for example, one needs to distinguish various spaces (e.g. ] [,
740 ] [, ] [, etc.) while using mono-spaced font.
745 *** HTML can now be rendered using variable-width fonts.
748 *** A new command `F' (`eww-toggle-fonts') can be used to toggle
749 whether to use variable-pitch fonts or not. The user can also
750 customize the `shr-use-fonts' variable.
753 *** A new command `C' (`eww-toggle-colors') can be used to toggle
754 whether to use the HTML-specified colors or not. The user can also
755 customize the `shr-use-colors' variable.
758 *** A new command `R' (`eww-readable') will try do identify the main
759 textual parts of a web page and display only that, leaving menus and
760 the like off the page.
763 *** You can now use several eww buffers in parallel by renaming eww
764 buffers you want to keep separate.
767 *** Partial state of the eww buffers (the URIs and the titles of the
768 pages visited) is now preserved in the desktop file.
771 *** `eww-after-render-hook' is now called after eww has rendered
772 the data in the buffer.
775 *** The `eww-reload' command now takes a prefix to not reload via
776 the net, but just use the local copy of the HTML.
779 *** The DOM shr and eww uses has been changed to the general Emacs
780 xml.el/libxml2 DOM, and a new package dom.el has been added to
781 interact with this DOM. See the Emacs Lisp manual for interface
785 *** `mailcap-mime-data' is now consulted when displaying PDF files.
788 *** The new `S' command will list all eww buffers, and allow managing
792 *** https pages with valid certificates have headers marked in green, while
793 invalid certificates are marked in red.
798 *** text/html messages that contain inline image parts will be
799 transformed into multipart/related messages before sending.
802 *** The `message-valid-fqdn-regexp' variable has been removed, since
803 there are now top-level domains added all the time. Message will no
804 longer warn about sending emails to top-level domains it hasn't heard
807 *** `message-beginning-of-line' (bound to C-a) understands folded headers.
808 In `visual-line-mode' it will look for the true beginning of a header
809 while in non-`visual-line-mode' it will move the point to the indented
813 ** Images are automatically scaled before displaying based on the
814 `image-scaling-factor' variable (if Emacs supports scaling the images
818 ** In Show Paren Mode, a parenthesis can be highlighted when point
819 stands inside it, and certain parens can be highlighted when point is
820 at BOL or EOL, or in whitespace there. To enable these, customize,
821 respectively, `show-paren-when-point-inside-paren' or
822 `show-paren-when-point-in-periphery'.
825 ** If gpg2 exists on the system, it is now used as the default value
826 of `epg-gpg-program' (instead of gpg).
831 *** Strings after `:documentation' are highlighted as docstrings.
832 This enhances Lisp mode fontification to handle documentation of the
833 form `(:documentation "the doc string")' used in Common Lisp code for
834 CLOS class and slot documentation.
839 *** Rectangle Mark mode can have corners past EOL or in the middle of a TAB.
842 *** C-x C-x in rectangle-mark-mode now cycles through the four corners.
843 *** `string-rectangle' provides on-the-fly preview of the result.
846 ** New font-lock functions `font-lock-ensure' and `font-lock-flush'.
847 These should be used in preference to `font-lock-fontify-buffer' when
851 ** Macro `minibuffer-with-setup-hook' can optionally append a function
852 to `minibuffer-setup-hook'.
854 If the first argument of the macro is of the form `(:append FUN)',
855 then FUN will be appended to `minibuffer-setup-hook', instead of
860 *** New functions `cl-fresh-line', `cl-digit-char-p', and `cl-parse-integer'.
863 *** `pcase' accepts the new UPattern `cl-struct'.
865 ** Calendar and diary
868 *** The default `diary-file' is now located in .emacs.d.
871 *** New commands to insert diary entries with Chinese dates:
872 `diary-chinese-insert-anniversary-entry' `diary-chinese-insert-entry'
873 `diary-chinese-insert-monthly-entry', `diary-chinese-insert-yearly-entry'.
876 *** The calendar can now list and mark diary entries with Chinese dates.
877 See `diary-chinese-list-entries' and `diary-chinese-mark-entries'.
880 *** The option `calendar-mode-line-format' can now be nil,
881 which means to do nothing special with the mode line in calendars.
884 *** New option `calendar-weekend-days'.
885 The option customizes which day headers receive the
886 `calendar-weekend-header' face.
889 *** New optional args N and STRING for ‘holiday-greek-orthodox-easter’.
892 *** Many items obsolete since at least version 23.1 have been removed.
893 The majority were function/variable/face aliases, too numerous to list here.
896 **** Functions `calendar-one-frame-setup', `calendar-only-one-frame-setup',
897 `calendar-two-frame-setup', `european-calendar', `american-calendar'.
899 **** Hooks `cal-menu-load-hook', `cal-x-load-hook'.
901 **** Macro `calendar-for-loop'.
903 **** Variables `european-calendar-style', `diary-face', `hebrew-holidays-{1,4}'.
905 **** The nil and list forms of `diary-display-function'.
908 ** New ERT function `ert-summarize-tests-batch-and-exit'.
909 If the output of ERT tests in batch mode execution can be saved to a
910 log file, then it can be passed as an argument to the above function
911 to produce a neat summary.
914 ** New js.el option `js-indent-first-init'.
915 It was renamed from `js-indent-first-initialiser', to avoid issues
916 with American vs British spelling.
921 ** Info mode now displays symbol names in fixed-pitch font.
922 If you want to get the old behavior back, customize the `Info-quoted'
923 face to use the same definitions as the default face.
926 *** `Info-fontify-maximum-menu-size' can be t for no limit.
929 *** `info-display-manual' can now be given a prefix argument which (any
930 non-nil value) directs the command to limit the completion
931 alternatives to currently visited manuals.
934 ** ntlm.el has support for NTLM2.
939 *** The Rmail commands `d', `C-d' and `u' take optional repeat counts
940 to delete or undelete multiple messages.
943 *** Rmail can now render HTML mail messages if your Emacs was built with
944 libxml2 or if you have the Lynx browser installed. By default, Rmail
945 will display the HTML version of a mail message that has both HTML and
946 plain text parts, if display of HTML email is possible; customize the
947 `rmail-mime-prefer-html' option to `nil' if you don't want that.
950 *** In the commands that make summaries by subject, recipients, or senders,
951 you can no longer use commas to separate regular expressions.
954 ** SES now supports local printer functions; see `ses-define-local-printer'.
958 *** In sh-mode you can now use `sh-shell' as a file-local variable to
959 specify the type of shell in use (bash, csh, etc).
962 *** New value `always' for `sh-indent-after-continuation'.
963 This provides old-style ("dumb") indentation of continued lines.
964 See the doc string of `sh-indent-after-continuation' for details.
968 *** Fatal TLS errors are now silent by default.
971 *** If Emacs isn't built with TLS support, an external TLS-capable
972 program is used instead. This program used to be run in --insecure
973 mode by default, but has now changed to be secure instead, and will
974 fail if you try to connect to non-verifiable hosts. This is
975 controlled by the `tls-program' variable.
980 *** The URL package accepts now the protocols "ssh", "scp" and "rsync".
981 When `url-handler-mode' is enabled, file operations for these
982 protocols as well as for "telnet" and "ftp" are passed to Tramp.
985 *** The URL package allows customizing the `url-user-agent' string.
986 The new `url-user-agent' variable can be customized to be a string or
990 *** The new interface variable `url-request-noninteractive' can be used
991 to specify that we're running in a noninteractive context, and that
992 we should not be queried about things like TLS certificate validity.
995 *** If URL is used with a https connection, the first callback argument
996 plist will contain a :peer element that has the output of
997 `gnutls-peer-status' (if Emacs is built with GnuTLS support).
1002 *** New connection method "afp", which allows you to access Mac OS X
1003 volumes via the Apple Filing Protocol.
1006 *** New connection method "nc", which allows you to access dumb
1010 *** Method-specific parameters can be overwritten now with variable
1011 `tramp-connection-properties'.
1014 *** Handler for `file-notify-valid-p' for remote machines that support
1015 filesystem notifications.
1020 *** New user variable `sql-default-directory' enables remote
1021 connections using Tramp.
1024 *** New command `sql-send-line-and-next'.
1025 This command, bound to `C-c C-n' by default, sends the current line to
1026 the SQL process and advances to the next line, skipping whitespace and
1030 *** Added support for Vertica SQL.
1032 ** VC and related modes
1035 *** Basic push support, via `vc-push', bound to `C-x v P'.
1036 Implemented for Bzr, Git, Hg. As part of this change, the pre-existing
1037 (undocumented) command vc-hg-push now behaves slightly differently.
1040 *** The new command vc-region-history shows the log+diff of the active region.
1043 *** You can refresh the VC state of a file buffer with `M-x vc-refresh-state'.
1044 This command is useful when you perform version control commands
1045 outside Emacs (e.g., from the shell prompt), or if you switch the VC
1046 back-end for the buffer's file, or remove it from version control.
1049 *** New option `vc-annotate-background-mode' controls whether
1050 the color range from `vc-annotate-color-map' is applied to the
1051 background or to the foreground.
1054 *** `compare-windows' now compares text with the most recently selected window
1055 instead of the next window. If you want the previous behavior of
1056 comparing with the next window, customize the new option
1057 `compare-windows-get-window-function' to the value
1058 `compare-windows-get-next-window'.
1061 *** Two new faces `compare-windows-removed' and `compare-windows-added'
1062 replace the face `compare-windows', which is now an obsolete alias for
1063 `compare-windows-added'.
1066 *** `log-edit-insert-changelog' converts "(tiny change)" to
1067 "Copyright-paperwork-exempt: yes". Set `log-edit-rewrite-tiny-change'
1068 nil to disable this.
1071 ** VHDL mode now supports VHDL'08.
1076 *** Decimal display mode uses "," groups, so it's more
1077 fitting for use in money calculations
1080 *** Factorial works with non-integer inputs.
1085 *** Hide-IfDef mode now support full C/C++ expressions in macros,
1086 macro argument expansion, interactive macro evaluation and automatic
1087 scanning of #define'd symbols.
1090 *** New command `hif-evaluate-macro', bound to `C-c @ e', displays the
1091 result of evaluating a macro.
1094 *** New command `hif-clear-all-ifdef-define', bound to `C-c @ C', clears
1095 all defined symbols in `hide-ifdef-env'.
1098 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-header-regexp' to define C/C++ header
1099 file name patterns. Defaults to files whose extension is one of `.h',
1100 `.hh', `.hpp', `.hxx', or `.h++', matched case-insensitively.
1103 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-expand-reinclusion-protection' to prevent
1104 reinclusion protected (a.k.a. "idempotent") header files from being hidden.
1105 (This could happen when an idempotent header file is visited again,
1106 when its guard symbol is already defined.) Defaults to `t'.
1109 *** New custom variable `hide-ifdef-exclude-define-regexp' to define symbol
1110 name patterns (e.g. all "FOR_DOXYGEN_ONLY_*") to be ignored when
1111 looking for macro definitions. By default, no symbols are ignored.
1116 *** New custom variable `tex-print-file-extension' to help users who
1117 use PDF instead of DVI.
1120 *** TeX mode now supports Prettify Symbols mode. When enabling
1121 `prettify-symbols-mode' in a tex-mode buffer, \alpha ... \omega, and
1122 many other math macros are displayed using unicode characters.
1125 ** New `big-indent' style in `whitespace-mode' highlights deep indentation.
1126 By default, 32 consecutive spaces or four consecutive TABs are
1127 considered to be too deep, but the new variable
1128 `whitespace-big-indent-regexp' can be customized to change that.
1131 ** New options in `tildify-mode'.
1132 New options `tildify-space-string', `tildify-pattern', and
1133 `tildify-foreach-region-function' variables make
1134 `tildify-string-alist', `tildify-pattern-alist', and
1135 `tildify-ignored-environments-alist' variables (as well as a few
1136 helper functions) obsolete.
1139 ** New package Xref replaces Etags's front-end and UI
1141 The new package Xref provides a generic framework and new commands to
1142 find and move to definitions of functions, macros, data structures
1143 etc., as well as go back to the location where you were before moving
1144 to a definition. It supersedes and obsoletes many Etags commands,
1145 while still using the etags.el code that reads the TAGS tables as one
1148 The command `xref-find-definitions' replaces `find-tag' and provides
1149 an interface to pick one definition among several.
1150 `tags-loop-continue' is now unbound. `xref-pop-marker-stack' replaces
1151 `pop-tag-mark', but has a keybinding (`M-,') different from the one
1152 `pop-tag-mark' used.
1154 `xref-find-definitions-other-window' replaces `find-tag-other-window'.
1155 `xref-find-definitions-other-frame' replaces `find-tag-other-frame'.
1156 `xref-find-apropos' replaces `find-tag-regexp'.
1158 As a result of this, the following commands are now obsolete:
1159 `find-tag-other-window', `find-tag-other-frame', `find-tag-regexp',
1162 `tags-loop-continue' is not obsolete because it's still useful in
1163 `tags-search' and `tags-query-replace', for which there are no direct
1167 *** Variants of `tags-search' and `tags-query-replace' in Dired were also
1168 replaced by xref-style commands, see the "Dired" section below.
1173 `find-tag-marker-ring-length' is now an obsolete alias for
1174 `xref-marker-ring-length'. `find-tag-marker-ring' is now an obsolete
1175 alias for a private variable. `xref-push-marker-stack' and
1176 `xref-pop-marker-stack' should be used instead to manipulate the stack
1177 of searches for definitions.
1180 *** `xref-find-definitions' and `describe-function' now display
1181 information about mode local overrides (defined by cedet/mode-local.el
1182 `define-overloadable-function' `define-mode-local-overrides').
1184 The framework's Lisp API is still experimental and can change in major,
1185 backward-incompatible ways.
1188 ** New package Project
1190 The new package Project provides generic infrastructure for dealing
1191 with projects. The main commands included in it are
1192 `project-find-file' and `project-find-regexp'.
1194 The Lisp API of this package is still experimental.
1197 EUDC's LDAP backend has been improved.
1200 *** EUDC supports LDAP-over-SSL URLs (ldaps://).
1203 *** EUDC passes LDAP passwords through a pipe to the ldapsearch
1204 subprocess instead of on the command line.
1207 *** EUDC handles LDAP wildcards automatically so the user shouldn't
1208 need to configure this manually anymore.
1211 *** The LDAP configuration section of EUDC's manual has been
1214 There have also been customization changes.
1217 *** New custom variable `eudc-server-hotlist' to allow specifying
1218 multiple EUDC servers in init file.
1221 *** Custom variable `eudc-inline-query-format' defaults to completing
1222 on email and firstname instead of surname.
1225 *** Custom variable `eudc-expansion-overwrites-query' defaults to nil
1226 to avoid interfering with the kill ring.
1229 *** Custom variable `eudc-inline-expansion-format' defaults to
1230 "Firstname Surname <mail-address>".
1233 *** Custom variable `eudc-options-file' defaults to
1234 "~/.emacs.d/eudc-options".
1237 *** New custom variable `ldap-ldapsearch-password-prompt-regexp' to
1238 allow overriding the regular expression that recognizes the ldapsearch
1239 command line's password prompt.
1242 EUDC's BBDB backend now supports BBDB 3.
1245 EUDC's PH backend (eudcb-ph.el) is obsolete.
1250 *** The new built-in command `clear' can scroll window contents out of sight.
1251 If provided with an optional non-nil argument, the scrollback contents will be cleared.
1254 *** New buffer syntax '#<buffer-name>', which is equivalent to
1255 '#<buffer buffer-name>'. This shorthand makes interacting with
1256 buffers from eshell more convenient. Custom variable
1257 `eshell-buffer-shorthand', which has been broken for a while, has been
1261 *** By default, eshell "visual" program buffers (created by
1262 `eshell-visual-commands' and similar custom vars) are no longer killed
1263 when their processes die. This fixes issues with short-lived commands
1264 and makes visual programs more useful in general. For example, if
1265 "git log" is a visual command, it will always show the visual command
1266 buffer, even if the "git log" process dies. For the old behavior,
1267 make the new option `eshell-destroy-buffer-when-process-dies' non-nil.
1272 *** Support for the Google Chrome web browser.
1275 *** Support for the Conkeror web browser.
1278 *** Support for several ancient browsers is now officially obsolete.
1281 ** tar-mode: new `tar-new-entry' command, allowing for new members to
1282 be added to the archive.
1285 ** Autorevert: dired buffers are also auto-reverted via file
1286 notifications, if Emacs is compiled with file notification support.
1288 ** File Notifications
1291 *** The kqueue library is integrated for *BSD and Mac OS X machines.
1294 *** The new event `stopped' signals, that a file notification watch is
1295 not active any longer.
1298 *** The new function `file-notify-valid-p' checks, whether a file
1299 notification descriptor still corresponds to an activate watch.
1304 *** The command `dired-do-compress' bound to `Z' now can compress
1305 directories and decompress zip files.
1308 *** New command `dired-do-compress-to' bound to `c' can be used to
1309 compress many marked files into a single named archive. The
1310 compression command is determined from the new
1311 `dired-compress-files-alist' variable.
1314 *** `W' is now bound to `browse-url-of-dired-file', and is useful for
1315 viewing HTML files and the like.
1317 *** New user interface for the `A' and `Q' commands.
1318 These keys, now bound to `dired-do-find-regexp' and
1319 `dired-do-find-regexp-and-replace', work similarly to `xref-find-apropos'
1320 and `xref-query-replace-in-results': they present the matches
1321 in the `*xref*' buffer and let you move through the matches. No need
1322 to use `tags-loop-continue' to resume the search or replace loop. The
1323 previous commands, `dired-do-search' and
1324 `dired-do-query-replace-regexp', are still available, but not bound to
1325 keys; rebind `A' and `Q' to invoke them if you want the old behavior
1326 back. We intend to obsolete the old commands in a future release.
1328 ** Tabulated List Mode
1331 *** It is now safe for a mode that derives `tabulated-list-mode' to not
1332 call `tabulated-list-init-header', in which case it will have no
1336 *** `tabulated-list-print' takes a second optional argument, update,
1337 which specifies an alternative printing method which is faster when
1338 few or no entries have changed.
1340 ** Obsolete packages
1346 *** landmark.el (moved to elpa.gnu.org)
1349 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
1352 ** pinentry.el allows GnuPG passphrase to be prompted through the
1353 minibuffer instead of a graphical dialog, depending on whether the gpg
1354 command is called from Emacs (i.e., INSIDE_EMACS environment variable
1355 is set). This feature requires newer versions of GnuPG (2.1.5 or
1356 later) and Pinentry (0.9.5 or later).
1359 ** cl-generic.el provides CLOS-style multiple-dispatch generic functions.
1360 The main entry points are `cl-defgeneric' and `cl-defmethod'. See the
1361 node "Generic Functions" in the Emacs Lisp manual for more details.
1364 ** scss-mode (a minor variant of css-mode) is a major mode for editing
1365 SCSS (Sassy CSS) files.
1368 ** let-alist is a new macro (and a package) that allows one to easily
1369 let-bind the values stored in an alist.
1372 ** `tildify-mode' allows automatic insertion of hard spaces as one
1373 types the text. Breaking line after a single-character words is
1374 forbidden by Czech and Polish typography (and may be discouraged in
1375 other languages), so `auto-tildify-mode' makes it easier to create
1376 a typographically-correct documents.
1379 ** The `seq' library adds sequence manipulation functions and macros
1380 that complement basic functions provided by subr.el. All functions
1381 are prefixed with `seq-' and work on lists, strings and vectors.
1382 `pcase' accepts a new Upattern `seq'.
1385 ** The `map' library provides map-manipulation functions that work on
1386 alists, hash-table and arrays. All functions are prefixed with
1387 `map-'. `pcase' accepts a new UPattern `map'.
1390 ** The `thunk' library provides functions and macros to control the
1391 evaluation of forms.
1394 ** js-jsx-mode (a minor variant of js-mode) provides indentation
1395 support for JSX, an XML-like syntax extension to ECMAScript.
1398 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
1401 ** `setq' and `setf' must now be called with an even number of
1402 arguments. The earlier behavior of silently supplying a nil to the
1403 last variable when there was an odd number of arguments has been
1407 ** `syntax-begin-function' is declared obsolete.
1408 Removed font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function and the SYNTAX-BEGIN
1409 slot in font-lock-defaults.
1412 ** `package-initialize' now sets `package-enable-at-startup' to nil if
1413 called during startup. Users who call this function in their init
1414 file and still expect it to be run after startup should set
1415 `package-enable-at-startup' to t after the call to
1416 `package-initialize'.
1419 ** `:global' minor mode use `setq-default' rather than `setq'.
1420 This means that you can't use `make-local-variable' and expect them to
1421 "magically" become buffer-local.
1424 ** `track-mouse' no longer freezes the shape of the mouse pointer.
1425 The `track-mouse' form no longer refrains from changing the shape of
1426 the mouse pointer for the entire time the body of that form is
1427 executed. Lisp programs that use `track-mouse' for dragging across
1428 large portions of the Emacs display, and want to avoid changes in the
1429 pointer shape during dragging, should bind the variable `track-mouse'
1430 to the special value `dragging' in the body of the form.
1433 ** The optional `predicate' argument of `lisp-complete-symbol' no longer
1434 has any effect. (This change was made in Emacs 24.4 but was not
1435 advertised at the time.)
1438 ** `indirect-function' does not signal `void-function' any more.
1439 This is mostly a bug-fix, since this change was missed back in 24.4 when
1440 symbol-function was changed not to signal `void-function' any more.
1443 *** As a consequence, the second arg of `indirect-function' is now obsolete.
1446 ** Comint, term, and compile do not set the EMACS env var any more.
1447 Use the INSIDE_EMACS environment variable instead.
1450 ** `save-excursion' does not save&restore the mark any more.
1451 Use `save-mark-and-excursion' if you want the old behavior.
1454 ** `read-buffer' and `read-buffer-function' can now be called with a 4th
1455 argument (`predicate').
1458 ** `completion-table-dynamic' by default stays in the minibuffer.
1459 The minibuffer will be the current buffer when the function is called.
1460 If you want the old behavior of calling the function in the buffer
1461 from which the minibuffer was entered, use the new argument
1462 `switch-buffer' to `completion-table-dynamic'.
1465 ** window-configurations no longer record the buffers' marks.
1468 ** inhibit-modification-hooks now also inhibits lock-file checks, as well as
1469 active region handling.
1472 ** deactivate-mark is now buffer-local.
1475 ** `cl-the' now asserts that its argument is of the given type.
1478 ** `process-running-child-p' may now return a numeric process
1479 group ID instead of `t'.
1482 ** Mouse click events on mode line or header line no longer include
1483 any reference to a buffer position. The 6th member of the mouse
1484 position list returned for such events is now nil.
1487 ** Menu items in keymaps do not support the "key shortcut cache" any more.
1488 These slots used to hold key-shortcut data, but have been obsolete since
1492 ** Emacs no longer downcases the first letter of a system diagnostic
1493 when signaling a file error. For example, it now reports "Permission
1494 denied" instead of "permission denied". The old behavior was problematic
1495 in languages like German where downcasing rules depend on grammar.
1498 ** New variable ‘text-quoting-style’ to control how Emacs translates quotes.
1499 Set it to ‘curve’ for curved single quotes ‘like this’, to ‘straight’
1500 for straight apostrophes 'like this', and to ‘grave’ for grave accent
1501 and apostrophe `like this'. The default value nil acts like ‘curve’
1502 if curved single quotes are displayable, and like ‘grave’ otherwise.
1503 The new variable affects display of diagnostics and help, but not of info.
1506 ** substitute-command-keys now replaces quotes.
1507 That is, it converts documentation strings’ quoting style as per the
1508 value of ‘text-quoting-style’. Doc strings in source code can use
1509 either curved single quotes or grave accents and apostrophes. As
1510 before, characters preceded by \= are output as-is.
1513 ** Message-issuing functions ‘error’, ‘message’, etc. now convert quotes.
1514 They use the new ‘format-message’ function instead of plain ‘format’,
1515 so that they now follow user preference as per ‘text-quoting-style’
1516 when processing curved single quotes, grave accents, and apostrophes
1517 in their format argument.
1520 ** The character classes [:alpha:] and [:alnum:] in regular expressions
1521 now match multibyte characters using Unicode character properties.
1522 If you want the old behavior where they matched any character with
1523 word syntax, use `\sw' instead.
1526 ** The character classes [:graph:] and [:print:] in regular expressions
1527 no longer match every multibyte character. Instead, Emacs now
1528 consults the Unicode character properties to determine which
1529 characters are graphic or printable. In particular, surrogates and
1530 unassigned codepoints are now rejected. If you want the old behavior,
1531 use [:multibyte:] instead.
1534 ** The `diff' command uses the unified format now. To restore the old
1535 behavior, set `diff-switches' to `-c'.
1538 ** `grep-template' and `grep-find-template' values don't include the
1539 --color argument anymore. It's added at the <C> place holder position
1540 dynamically. Any third-party code that changes these templates should
1541 be updated accordingly.
1544 ** ‘(/ N)’ is now equivalent to ‘(/ 1 N)’ rather than to ‘(/ N 1)’.
1545 The new behavior is compatible with Common Lisp and with XEmacs.
1546 This change does not affect Lisp code intended to be portable to
1547 Emacs 24.2 and earlier, which did not support unary ‘/’.
1550 ** The `default-directory' value doesn't have to end slash. To make
1551 that happen, `unhandled-file-name-directory' now defaults to calling
1552 `file-name-as-directory'.
1555 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
1559 *** New UPatterns `quote', `app'.
1561 *** New UPatterns can be defined with `pcase-defmacro'.
1563 *** New vector QPattern.
1566 ** syntax-propertize is now automatically called on-demand during forward
1567 parsing functions like `forward-sexp'.
1570 ** New hooks `prefix-command-echo-keystrokes-functions' and
1571 `prefix-command-preserve-state-hook' allow the definition of prefix
1572 commands other than the predefined `C-u'.
1575 ** New functions `filepos-to-bufferpos' and `bufferpos-to-filepos'.
1576 These allow conversion between buffer positions and the corresponding
1577 file byte offsets, given the file's encoding.
1580 ** The default value of `load-read-function' is now `read'.
1581 Previously, the default value of `nil' implied using `read'.
1584 ** New hook `pre-redisplay-functions'.
1585 It is a bit easier to use than `pre-redisplay-function'.
1588 ** The second arg of `looking-back' should always be provided explicitly.
1589 Previously, it was an optional argument, now it's mandatory.
1592 ** Text properties `intangible', `point-entered', and `point-left' are obsolete.
1593 Replaced by properties `cursor-intangible' and `cursor-sensor-functions',
1594 implemented by the new `cursor-intangible-mode' and
1595 `cursor-sensor-mode' minor modes.
1598 ** `inhibit-point-motion-hooks' now defaults to `t' and is obsolete.
1599 Use the new minor modes `cursor-intangible-mode' and
1600 `cursor-sensor-mode' instead.
1603 ** New process type `pipe', which can be used in combination with the
1604 `:stderr' keyword of make-process to handle standard error output
1608 ** New function `make-process' provides an alternative interface to
1609 `start-process'. It allows programs to set process parameters such as
1610 process filter, sentinel, etc., through keyword arguments (similar to
1611 `make-network-process').
1614 ** A new function `directory-files-recursively' returns all matching
1615 files (recursively) under a directory.
1618 ** New variable `inhibit-message', when bound to non-nil, inhibits
1619 `message' and related functions from displaying messages in the echo
1620 area. The output is still logged to the *Messages* buffer.
1623 ** A new text property `inhibit-read-only' can be used in read-only
1624 buffers to allow certain parts of the text to be writable.
1627 ** A new variable `comment-end-can-be-escaped' is useful in languages
1628 such as C and C++ where line comments with escaped newlines are
1629 continued to the next line.
1632 ** New macro `define-advice'.
1635 ** Emacs Lisp now supports generators.
1636 See the "Generators" section of the ELisp manual for the details.
1639 ** New finalizer facility for running code when objects become unreachable.
1640 See the "Finalizer Type" subsection in the ELisp manual for the
1644 ** lexical closures can use (:documentation FORM) to build their docstring.
1645 It should be placed right where the docstring would be, and FORM is then
1646 evaluated (and should return a string) when the closure is built.
1649 ** define-inline provides a new way to define inlinable functions.
1652 ** New function `macroexpand-1' to perform a single step of macro expansion.
1655 ** Some "x-*" functions were obsoleted and/or renamed:
1656 *** x-select-text is renamed gui-select-text.
1657 *** x-selection-value is renamed gui-selection-value.
1658 *** x-get-selection is renamed gui-get-selection.
1659 *** x-get-clipboard and x-clipboard-yank are marked obsolete.
1660 *** x-get-selection-value is renamed to gui-get-primary-selection.
1661 *** x-set-selection is renamed to gui-set-selection
1664 ** New function `string-greaterp', which return the opposite result of
1668 ** The new functions `string-collate-lessp' and `string-collate-equalp'
1669 preserve the collation order as defined by the system's locale(1)
1670 environment. For the time being this is implemented for modern POSIX
1671 systems and for MS-Windows, for other systems they fall back to their
1672 counterparts `string-lessp' and `string-equal'.
1675 *** The ls-lisp package uses `string-collate-lessp' to sort file names.
1676 The effect is that, on systems that use ls-lisp for Dired, the default
1677 sort order of the files in Dired is now different from what it was in
1678 previous versions of Emacs. In particular, the file names are sorted
1679 disregarding punctuation, accents, and diacritics, and letter case is
1680 ignored. For example, files whose name begin with a period will no
1681 longer appear near the beginning of the directory listing. If you
1682 want the old, locale-independent sorting, customize the new option
1683 `ls-lisp-use-string-collate' to the nil value.
1686 *** The MS-Windows specific variable `w32-collate-ignore-punctuation',
1687 if set to a non-nil value, causes the above 2 functions to ignore
1688 symbol and punctuation characters when collating strings. This
1689 emulates the behavior of modern Posix platforms when the locale's
1690 codeset is "UTF-8" (as in "en_US.UTF-8"). This is needed because
1691 MS-Windows doesn't support UTF-8 as codeset in its locales.
1694 ** New function `alist-get', which is also a valid place (aka lvalue).
1697 ** New function `funcall-interactively', which works like `funcall'
1698 but makes `called-interactively-p' treat the function as (you guessed it)
1699 called interactively.
1702 ** New function `function-put' to use instead of `put' for function properties.
1705 ** The new function `bidi-find-overridden-directionality' allows you to
1706 find characters whose directionality was, perhaps maliciously,
1707 overridden by directional override control characters. Lisp programs
1708 can use this to detect potential phishing of URLs and other links that
1709 exploits bidirectional display reordering.
1712 ** The new function `buffer-substring-with-bidi-context' allows you to
1713 copy a portion of a buffer into a different location while preserving
1714 the visual appearance both of the copied text and the text at
1715 destination, even when the copied text includes mixed bidirectional
1716 text and directional control characters.
1719 ** New properties that can be specified with `declare':
1720 *** (interactive-only INSTEAD), says to use INSTEAD for non-interactive use.
1721 *** (pure VAL), if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function is pure.
1722 *** (side-effect-free VAL), if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function does not
1726 ** New macro `with-file-modes', for evaluating expressions with default file
1727 permissions set to temporary values (e.g., for creating private files).
1730 ** You can access the slots of structures using `cl-struct-slot-value'.
1733 ** Function `sort' can deal with vectors.
1736 ** Function `system-name' now returns an updated value if the current
1737 system's name has changed or if the Emacs process has changed systems,
1738 and to avoid long waits it no longer consults DNS to canonicalize the
1739 name. The variable `system-name' is now obsolete.
1742 ** Function `write-region' no longer outputs "Wrote FILE" in batch mode.
1745 ** If `pwd' is called with a prefix argument, insert the current default
1749 ** New functions return extended information about fonts and faces.
1752 *** The function `font-info' now returns more details about a font.
1753 In particular, it now returns the average width of the font's
1754 characters, which can be used for geometry-related calculations.
1757 *** A new function `default-font-width' returns the average width of a
1758 character in the current buffer's default font. If the default face
1759 is remapped (see `face-remapping-alist'), the value for the remapped
1760 face is returned. This function complements the existing function
1761 `default-font-height'.
1764 *** New functions `window-font-height' and `window-font-width' return
1765 the height and average width of characters in a specified face and
1766 window. If FACE is remapped (see `face-remapping-alist'), the
1767 function returns the information for the remapped face.
1770 *** A new function `window-max-chars-per-line' returns the maximal
1771 number of characters that can be displayed on one line. If a face
1772 and/or window are provided, these values are used for the
1773 calculation. This function is different from `window-body-width' in
1774 that it accounts for (i) continuation glyphs, (ii) the size of the
1775 font, and (iii) the specified window.
1778 ** New utilities in subr-x.el:
1779 *** New macros `if-let' and `when-let' allow defining bindings and to
1780 execute code depending whether all values are true.
1781 *** New macros `thread-first' and `thread-last' allow threading a form
1782 as the first or last argument of subsequent forms.
1785 ** Documentation strings now support quoting with curved single quotes
1786 ‘like-this’ in addition to the old style with grave accent and
1787 apostrophe `like-this'. The new style looks better on today's displays.
1788 In the new Electric Quote mode, you can enter curved single quotes
1789 into documentation by typing ` and '. Outside Electric Quote mode,
1790 you can enter them by typing ‘C-x 8 [’ and ‘C-x 8 ]’, or (if your Alt
1791 key works) by typing ‘A-[’ and ‘A-]’. As described above under
1792 ‘text-quoting-style’, the user can specify how to display doc string
1796 ** New function ‘format-message’ is like ‘format’ and also converts
1797 curved single quotes, grave accents and apostrophes as per
1798 ‘text-quoting-style’.
1801 ** show-help-function's arg is converted via substitute-command-keys
1802 before being passed to the function. Help strings, help-echo
1803 properties, etc. can therefore contain command key escapes and
1807 ** Time-related changes:
1809 *** Time conversion functions now accept an optional ZONE argument
1810 that specifies the time zone rules for conversion. ZONE is omitted or
1811 nil for Emacs local time, t for Universal Time, ‘wall’ for system wall
1812 clock time, or a string as in ‘set-time-zone-rule’ for a time zone
1813 rule. The affected functions are ‘current-time-string’,
1814 ‘current-time-zone’, ‘decode-time’, and ‘format-time-string’. The
1815 function ‘encode-time’, which already accepted a simple time zone rule
1816 argument, has been extended to accept all the new forms.
1818 *** Time-related functions now consistently accept numbers
1819 (representing seconds since the epoch) and nil (representing the
1820 current time) as well as the usual list-of-integer representation.
1821 Affected functions include `current-time-string', `current-time-zone',
1822 `decode-time', `float-time', `format-time-string', `seconds-to-time',
1823 `time-add', `time-less-p', `time-subtract', `time-to-day-in-year',
1824 `time-to-days', and `time-to-seconds'.
1826 *** The `encode-time-value' and `with-decoded-time-value' macros have
1829 *** `calendar-next-time-zone-transition', `time-add', and
1830 `time-subtract' no longer return time values in the obsolete and
1831 undocumented integer-pair format. Instead, they return a list of two
1835 ** New function `set-binary-mode' allows switching a standard stream
1836 of the Emacs process to binary I/O mode.
1839 ** The new function `directory-name-p' can be used to check whether a file
1840 name (as returned from, for instance, `file-name-all-completions') is
1841 a directory file name. It returns non-nil if the last character in
1842 the name is a directory separator character (forward slash on GNU and
1843 Unix systems, forward- or backslash on MS-Windows and MS-DOS).
1846 ** ASCII approximations to curved quotes are put in standard-display-table
1847 if the terminal cannot display curved quotes.
1850 ** Standard output and error streams now transliterate characters via
1851 standard-display-table, and encode output using locale-coding-system.
1852 To force a specific encoding, bind `coding-system-for-write' to the
1853 coding-system of your choice when invoking functions like `prin1' and
1857 ** New var `truncate-string-ellipsis' to choose how to indicate truncation.
1860 ** New possible value for `system-type': `nacl'.
1861 This is used by Google's Native Client (NaCl).
1863 ** Miscellaneous name change
1866 For consistency with the usual Emacs spelling, the Lisp variable
1867 `hfy-optimisations' has been renamed to `hfy-optimizations'.
1868 The old name should still work, as an obsolescent alias.
1870 ** Changes in Frame- and Window- Handling
1873 *** Emacs can now draw horizontal scroll bars on some platforms that
1874 provide toolkit scroll bars, namely Gtk+, Lucid, Motif and Windows.
1875 Horizontal scroll bars are turned off by default.
1877 **** New function `horizontal-scroll-bars-available-p' telling whether
1878 horizontal scroll bars are available on the underlying system.
1880 **** New mode `horizontal-scroll-bar-mode' to toggle horizontal scroll
1881 bars on all existing and future frames.
1883 **** New function `toggle-horizontal-scroll-bar' to toggle horizontal
1884 scroll bars on the selected frame.
1886 **** New frame parameters `horizontal-scroll-bars' and
1887 `scroll-bar-height' to set horizontal scroll bars and their height
1888 for individual frames and in `default-frame-alist'.
1890 **** New functions `frame-scroll-bar-height' and
1891 `window-scroll-bar-height' return the height of horizontal scroll
1892 bars on a specific frame or window.
1894 **** `set-window-scroll-bars' now accepts five parameters where the last
1895 two specify height and type of the window's horizontal scroll bar.
1897 **** `window-scroll-bars' now returns type and sizes of horizontal scroll
1900 **** New buffer-local variables `horizontal-scroll-bar' and
1901 `scroll-bar-height'.
1904 *** New functions `frame-geometry' and `frame-edges' give access to a
1908 *** New functions `mouse-absolute-pixel-position' and
1909 `set-mouse-absolute-pixel-position' get/set screen coordinates of the
1913 *** The function `window-edges' now accepts three additional arguments to
1914 retrieve body, absolute and pixel edges of the window.
1917 *** The functions `window-inside-edges', `window-inside-pixel-edges' and
1918 `window-inside-absolute-pixel-edges' have been renamed to respectively
1919 `window-body-edges', `window-body-pixel-edges' and
1920 `window-absolute-body-pixel-edges'. The old names are kept as aliases.
1923 *** New function `window-absolute-pixel-position' to get the screen
1924 coordinates of a visible buffer position.
1927 *** The height of a frame's menu and tool bar are no longer counted in the
1928 frame's text height. This means that the text height stands only for
1929 the height of the frame's root window plus that of the echo area (if
1930 present). This was already the behavior for frames with external tool
1931 and menu bars (like in the Gtk builds) but has now been extended to all
1935 *** Frames now do not necessarily preserve the number of columns or lines
1936 they display when setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or
1937 scroll bars. In particular, maximized and fullscreen frames are
1938 conceptually never resized if such settings change. For fullheight and
1939 fullwidth frames, the behavior may depend on the toolkit used.
1940 **** New option `frame-inhibit-implied-resize' if non-nil, means that
1941 setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or scroll bars of a
1942 specific frame does not resize that frame in order to preserve the
1943 number of columns or lines it displays.
1946 *** New function `window-preserve-size' allows you to preserve the size of
1947 a window without "fixing" it. It's supported by `fit-window-to-buffer',
1948 `temp-buffer-resize-mode' and `display-buffer'.
1951 *** New `display-buffer' action function `display-buffer-use-some-frame'.
1952 This displays the buffer in an existing frame other than the current
1953 frame, and allows the caller to specify a frame predicate to exclude
1957 *** New minor mode `window-divider-mode' and options
1958 `window-divider-default-places', `window-divider-default-bottom-width'
1959 and `window-divider-default-right-width'.
1962 ** Tearoff menus and detachable toolbars for Gtk+ have been removed.
1963 Those features have been deprecated in Gtk+ for a long time.
1968 *** etags no longer qualifies class members by default.
1970 By default, `etags' will not qualify class members for C-like
1971 object-oriented languages with their class names and namespaces, and
1972 will remove qualifications used explicitly in the code from the tag
1973 names it puts in TAGS files. This is so the etags.el back-end for
1974 `xref-find-definitions' is more accurate and produces less false
1977 Use --class-qualify (-Q) if you want the old default behavior of
1978 qualifying class members in C++, Java, and Objective C. Note that
1979 using -Q might make some class members become "unknown" to `M-.'
1980 (`xref-find-definitions'); if so, you can use `C-u M-.' to specify the
1981 qualified names by hand.
1984 *** New language Ruby
1986 Names of modules, classes, methods, functions, and constants are
1987 tagged. Overloaded operators are also tagged.
1991 Names of packages, functions, and types are tagged.
1994 *** Improved support for Lua
1996 Etags now tags functions even if the "function" keyword follows some
1997 whitespace at line beginning.
2000 * Changes in Emacs 25.1 on Non-Free Operating Systems
2003 ** MS-Windows specific Emacs build scripts are no longer in the distribution
2004 This includes the makefile.w32-in files in various subdirectories, and
2005 the support files. The file nt/configure.bat now just tells the user
2006 to use the procedure described in nt/INSTALL, by running the Posix
2007 `configure' script in the top-level directory.
2010 ** Building Emacs for MS-Windows requires at least Windows XP
2011 or Windows Server 2003. The built binaries still run on all versions
2012 of Windows starting with Windows 9X.
2015 ** Emacs running on MS-Windows now supports the daemon mode.
2018 ** The byte counts in etags-generated TAGS files are now the same on
2019 MS-Windows as they are on other platforms.
2022 ** On OS X, configure creates a Cocoa ("Nextstep") build by default.
2023 Pass '--without-ns' to configure to create an X11 build, the old default.
2026 ** OS X 10.5 or older is no longer supported.
2029 ** OS X on PowerPC is no longer supported.
2032 ** New variable `ns-use-fullscreen-animation' controls animation for
2033 non-native NS fullscreen. The default is nil. Set to t to enable
2034 animation when entering and leaving fullscreen. For native OSX fullscreen
2038 ** The new function 'w32-application-type' returns the type of an
2039 MS-Windows application given the name of its executable program file.
2041 ** New variable `w32-pipe-buffer-size'.
2042 It can be used to tune the size of the buffer of pipes created for
2043 communicating with subprocesses, when the program run by a subprocess
2044 exhibits unusual buffering behavior. Default is zero, which lets the
2045 OS use its default size.
2048 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
2049 This file is part of GNU Emacs.
2051 GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
2052 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
2053 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
2054 (at your option) any later version.
2056 GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
2057 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
2058 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
2059 GNU General Public License for more details.
2061 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
2062 along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
2068 paragraph-separate: "[
\f]*$"