1 GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes. 2006-06-04
2 Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
3 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 See the end for copying conditions.
6 Please send Emacs bug reports to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.
7 If possible, use M-x report-emacs-bug.
9 This file is about changes in emacs version 22.
11 See files NEWS.21, NEWS.20, NEWS.19, NEWS.18, and NEWS.1-17 for changes
12 in older emacs versions.
14 You can narrow news to a specific version by calling `view-emacs-news'
15 with a prefix argument or by typing C-u C-h C-n.
18 +++ indicates that the appropriate manual has already been updated.
19 --- means no change in the manuals is called for.
20 When you add a new item, please add it without either +++ or ---
21 so we will look at it and add it to the manual.
24 * Installation Changes in Emacs 22.1
27 ** Emacs now supports new configure options `--program-prefix',
28 `--program-suffix' and `--program-transform-name' that affect the names of
32 ** Emacs can now be built without sound support.
35 ** You can build Emacs with Gtk+ widgets by specifying `--with-x-toolkit=gtk'
36 when you run configure. This requires Gtk+ 2.4 or newer. This port
37 provides a way to display multilingual text in menus (with some caveats).
40 ** The `emacsserver' program has been removed, replaced with Lisp code.
43 ** The `yow' program has been removed.
44 Use the corresponding Emacs feature instead.
47 ** By default, Emacs now uses a setgid helper program to update game
48 scores. The directory ${localstatedir}/games/emacs is the normal
49 place for game scores to be stored. You can control this with the
50 configure option `--with-game-dir'. The specific user that Emacs uses
51 to own the game scores is controlled by `--with-game-user'. If access
52 to a game user is not available, then scores will be stored separately
53 in each user's home directory.
56 ** Leim is now part of the Emacs distribution.
57 You no longer need to download a separate tarball in order to build
61 ** The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual is now part of the distribution.
63 The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual in Info format is built as part of the
64 Emacs build procedure and installed together with the Emacs User
65 Manual. A menu item was added to the menu bar that makes it easy
66 accessible (Help->More Manuals->Emacs Lisp Reference).
69 ** The Introduction to Programming in Emacs Lisp manual is now part of
72 This manual is now part of the standard distribution and is installed,
73 together with the Emacs User Manual, into the Info directory. A menu
74 item was added to the menu bar that makes it easy accessible
75 (Help->More Manuals->Introduction to Emacs Lisp).
78 ** New translations of the Emacs Tutorial are available in the
79 following languages: Brasilian Portuguese, Bulgarian, Chinese (both
80 with simplified and traditional characters), French, and Italian.
81 Type `C-u C-h t' to choose one of them in case your language setup
82 doesn't automatically select the right one.
85 ** A Portuguese translation of Emacs' reference card has been added.
86 Its name is `pt-br-refcard.tex'. The corresponding PostScript file is
91 ** A French translation of the `Emacs Survival Guide' is available.
94 ** Emacs now includes support for loading image libraries on demand.
95 (Currently this feature is only used on MS Windows.) You can configure
96 the supported image types and their associated dynamic libraries by
97 setting the variable `image-library-alist'.
100 ** Support for a Cygwin build of Emacs was added.
103 ** Support for FreeBSD/Alpha has been added.
106 ** Support for GNU/Linux systems on S390 machines was added.
109 ** Support for MacOS X was added.
110 See the files mac/README and mac/INSTALL for build instructions.
113 ** Support for GNU/Linux systems on X86-64 machines was added.
116 ** Mac OS 9 port now uses the Carbon API by default. You can also
117 create non-Carbon build by specifying `NonCarbon' as a target. See
118 the files mac/README and mac/INSTALL for build instructions.
121 ** Building with -DENABLE_CHECKING does not automatically build with union
122 types any more. Add -DUSE_LISP_UNION_TYPE if you want union types.
125 ** When pure storage overflows while dumping, Emacs now prints how
126 much pure storage it will approximately need.
128 ** The script etc/emacs-buffer.gdb can be used with gdb to retrieve the
129 contents of buffers from a core dump and save them to files easily, should
133 ** The Emacs terminal emulation in term.el uses a different terminfo name.
134 The Emacs terminal emulation in term.el now uses "eterm-color" as its
135 terminfo name, since term.el now supports color.
138 ** Emacs Lisp source files are compressed by default if `gzip' is available.
141 * Startup Changes in Emacs 22.1
144 ** New command line option -Q or --quick.
145 This is like using -q --no-site-file, but in addition it also disables
146 the fancy startup screen.
149 ** New command line option -D or --basic-display.
150 Disables the menu-bar, the tool-bar, the scroll-bars, tool tips, and
154 ** New command line option -nbc or --no-blinking-cursor disables
155 the blinking cursor on graphical terminals.
158 ** The option --script FILE runs Emacs in batch mode and loads FILE.
159 It is useful for writing Emacs Lisp shell script files, because they
160 can start with this line:
162 #!/usr/bin/emacs --script
165 ** The option --directory DIR now modifies `load-path' immediately.
166 Directories are added to the front of `load-path' in the order they
167 appear on the command line. For example, with this command line:
169 emacs -batch -L .. -L /tmp --eval "(require 'foo)"
171 Emacs looks for library `foo' in the parent directory, then in /tmp, then
172 in the other directories in `load-path'. (-L is short for --directory.)
175 ** The command line option --no-windows has been changed to
176 --no-window-system. The old one still works, but is deprecated.
179 ** If the environment variable DISPLAY specifies an unreachable X display,
180 Emacs will now startup as if invoked with the --no-window-system option.
183 ** The -f option, used from the command line to call a function,
184 now reads arguments for the function interactively if it is
185 an interactively callable function.
188 ** When you specify a frame size with --geometry, the size applies to
189 all frames you create. A position specified with --geometry only
190 affects the initial frame.
193 ** Emacs can now be invoked in full-screen mode on a windowed display.
194 When Emacs is invoked on a window system, the new command-line options
195 `--fullwidth', `--fullheight', and `--fullscreen' produce a frame
196 whose width, height, or both width and height take up the entire
197 screen size. (For now, this does not work with some window managers.)
200 ** Emacs now displays a splash screen by default even if command-line
201 arguments were given. The new command-line option --no-splash
202 disables the splash screen; see also the variable
203 `inhibit-startup-message' (which is also aliased as
204 `inhibit-splash-screen').
207 ** The default is now to use a bitmap as the icon, so the command-line options
208 --icon-type, -i has been replaced with options --no-bitmap-icon, -nbi to turn
212 ** New user option `inhibit-startup-buffer-menu'.
213 When loading many files, for instance with `emacs *', Emacs normally
214 displays a buffer menu. This option turns the buffer menu off.
218 If the init file ~/.emacs does not exist, Emacs will try
219 ~/.emacs.d/init.el or ~/.emacs.d/init.elc. You can also put the shell
220 init file .emacs_SHELL under ~/.emacs.d.
223 ** Emacs now reads the standard abbrevs file ~/.abbrev_defs
224 automatically at startup, if it exists. When Emacs offers to save
225 modified buffers, it saves the abbrevs too if they have changed. It
226 can do this either silently or asking for confirmation first,
227 according to the value of `save-abbrevs'.
229 * Incompatible Editing Changes in Emacs 22.1
232 ** M-g is now a prefix key.
233 M-g g and M-g M-g run goto-line.
234 M-g n and M-g M-n run next-error (like C-x `).
235 M-g p and M-g M-p run previous-error.
238 ** C-u M-g M-g switches to the most recent previous buffer,
239 and goes to the specified line in that buffer.
241 When goto-line starts to execute, if there's a number in the buffer at
242 point then it acts as the default argument for the minibuffer.
245 ** The old bindings C-M-delete and C-M-backspace have been deleted,
246 since there are situations where one or the other will shut down
247 the operating system or your X server.
250 ** line-move-ignore-invisible now defaults to t.
253 ** When the undo information of the current command gets really large
254 (beyond the value of `undo-outer-limit'), Emacs discards it and warns
258 ** `apply-macro-to-region-lines' now operates on all lines that begin
259 in the region, rather than on all complete lines in the region.
262 ** A prefix argument is no longer required to repeat a jump to a
263 previous mark if you set `set-mark-command-repeat-pop' to t. I.e. C-u
264 C-SPC C-SPC C-SPC ... cycles through the mark ring. Use C-u C-u C-SPC
265 to set the mark immediately after a jump.
268 ** The info-search bindings on C-h C-f, C-h C-k and C-h C-i
269 have been moved to C-h F, C-h K and C-h S.
272 ** In incremental search, C-w is changed. M-%, C-M-w and C-M-y are special.
274 See below under "incremental search changes".
277 ** C-x C-f RET, typing nothing in the minibuffer, is no longer a special case.
279 Since the default input is the current directory, this has the effect
280 of specifying the current directory. Normally that means to visit the
281 directory with Dired.
283 You can get the old behavior by typing C-x C-f M-n RET, which fetches
284 the actual file name into the minibuffer.
287 ** The completion commands TAB, SPC and ? in the minibuffer apply only
288 to the text before point. If there is text in the buffer after point,
289 it remains unchanged.
292 ** When Emacs prompts for file names, SPC no longer completes the file name.
293 This is so filenames with embedded spaces could be input without the
294 need to quote the space with a C-q. The underlying changes in the
295 keymaps that are active in the minibuffer are described below under
296 "New keymaps for typing file names".
299 ** M-o now is the prefix key for setting text properties;
300 M-o M-o requests refontification.
303 ** You can now follow links by clicking Mouse-1 on the link.
305 See below for more details.
308 ** In Dired's ! command (dired-do-shell-command), `*' and `?' now
309 control substitution of the file names only when they are surrounded
310 by whitespace. This means you can now use them as shell wildcards
311 too. If you want to use just plain `*' as a wildcard, type `*""'; the
312 doublequotes make no difference in the shell, but they prevent
313 special treatment in `dired-do-shell-command'.
315 * Editing Changes in Emacs 22.1
318 ** !MEM FULL! at the start of the mode line indicates that Emacs
319 cannot get any more memory for Lisp data. This often means it could
320 crash soon if you do things that use more memory. On most systems,
321 killing buffers will get out of this state. If killing buffers does
322 not make !MEM FULL! disappear, you should save your work and start
326 ** The max size of buffers and integers has been doubled.
327 On 32bit machines, it is now 256M (i.e. 268435455).
330 ** You can now switch buffers in a cyclic order with C-x C-left
331 (previous-buffer) and C-x C-right (next-buffer). C-x left and
332 C-x right can be used as well. The functions keep a different buffer
333 cycle for each frame, using the frame-local buffer list.
336 ** `undo-only' does an undo which does not redo any previous undo.
339 ** M-SPC (just-one-space) when given a numeric argument N
340 converts whitespace around point to N spaces.
343 ** C-x 5 C-o displays a specified buffer in another frame
344 but does not switch to that frame. It's the multi-frame
345 analogue of C-x 4 C-o.
348 ** New commands to operate on pairs of open and close characters:
349 `insert-pair', `delete-pair', `raise-sexp'.
352 ** New command `kill-whole-line' kills an entire line at once.
353 By default, it is bound to C-S-<backspace>.
356 ** Yanking text now discards certain text properties that can
357 be inconvenient when you did not expect them. The variable
358 `yank-excluded-properties' specifies which ones. Insertion
359 of register contents and rectangles also discards these properties.
362 ** The default values of paragraph-start and indent-line-function have
363 been changed to reflect those used in Text mode rather than those used
364 in Indented-Text mode.
367 ** M-x setenv now expands environment variable references.
369 Substrings of the form `$foo' and `${foo}' in the specified new value
370 now refer to the value of environment variable foo. To include a `$'
371 in the value, use `$$'.
374 ** `special-display-buffer-names' and `special-display-regexps' now
375 understand two new boolean pseudo-frame-parameters `same-frame' and
379 ** The default for the paper size (variable ps-paper-type) is taken
382 ** Mark command changes:
385 *** A prefix argument is no longer required to repeat a jump to a
386 previous mark, i.e. C-u C-SPC C-SPC C-SPC ... cycles through the
387 mark ring. Use C-u C-u C-SPC to set the mark immediately after a jump.
390 *** Marking commands extend the region when invoked multiple times.
392 If you type C-M-SPC (mark-sexp), M-@ (mark-word), M-h
393 (mark-paragraph), or C-M-h (mark-defun) repeatedly, the marked region
394 extends each time, so you can mark the next two sexps with M-C-SPC
395 M-C-SPC, for example. This feature also works for
396 mark-end-of-sentence, if you bind that to a key. It also extends the
397 region when the mark is active in Transient Mark mode, regardless of
398 the last command. To start a new region with one of marking commands
399 in Transient Mark mode, you can deactivate the active region with C-g,
400 or set the new mark with C-SPC.
403 *** M-h (mark-paragraph) now accepts a prefix arg.
405 With positive arg, M-h marks the current and the following paragraphs;
406 if the arg is negative, it marks the current and the preceding
410 *** Some commands do something special in Transient Mark mode when the
411 mark is active--for instance, they limit their operation to the
412 region. Even if you don't normally use Transient Mark mode, you might
413 want to get this behavior from a particular command. There are two
414 ways you can enable Transient Mark mode and activate the mark, for one
417 One method is to type C-SPC C-SPC; this enables Transient Mark mode
418 and sets the mark at point. The other method is to type C-u C-x C-x.
419 This enables Transient Mark mode temporarily but does not alter the
422 After these commands, Transient Mark mode remains enabled until you
423 deactivate the mark. That typically happens when you type a command
424 that alters the buffer, but you can also deactivate the mark by typing
428 *** Movement commands `beginning-of-buffer', `end-of-buffer',
429 `beginning-of-defun', `end-of-defun' do not set the mark if the mark
430 is already active in Transient Mark mode.
432 ** Help command changes:
435 *** Changes in C-h bindings:
437 C-h e displays the *Messages* buffer.
439 C-h d runs apropos-documentation.
441 C-h followed by a control character is used for displaying files
444 C-h C-f displays the FAQ.
445 C-h C-e displays the PROBLEMS file.
447 The info-search bindings on C-h C-f, C-h C-k and C-h C-i
448 have been moved to C-h F, C-h K and C-h S.
450 C-h c, C-h k, C-h w, and C-h f now handle remapped interactive commands.
451 - C-h c and C-h k report the actual command (after possible remapping)
452 run by the key sequence.
453 - C-h w and C-h f on a command which has been remapped now report the
454 command it is remapped to, and the keys which can be used to run
457 For example, if C-k is bound to kill-line, and kill-line is remapped
458 to new-kill-line, these commands now report:
459 - C-h c and C-h k C-k reports:
460 C-k runs the command new-kill-line
461 - C-h w and C-h f kill-line reports:
462 kill-line is remapped to new-kill-line which is on C-k, <deleteline>
463 - C-h w and C-h f new-kill-line reports:
464 new-kill-line is on C-k
467 *** Help commands `describe-function' and `describe-key' now show function
468 arguments in lowercase italics on displays that support it. To change the
469 default, customize face `help-argument-name' or redefine the function
470 `help-default-arg-highlight'.
473 *** C-h v and C-h f commands now include a hyperlink to the C source for
474 variables and functions defined in C (if the C source is available).
477 *** Help mode now only makes hyperlinks for faces when the face name is
478 preceded or followed by the word `face'. It no longer makes
479 hyperlinks for variables without variable documentation, unless
480 preceded by one of the words `variable' or `option'. It now makes
481 hyperlinks to Info anchors (or nodes) if the anchor (or node) name is
482 enclosed in single quotes and preceded by `info anchor' or `Info
483 anchor' (in addition to earlier `info node' and `Info node'). In
484 addition, it now makes hyperlinks to URLs as well if the URL is
485 enclosed in single quotes and preceded by `URL'.
488 *** The new command `describe-char' (C-u C-x =) pops up a buffer with
489 description various information about a character, including its
490 encodings and syntax, its text properties, how to input, overlays, and
491 widgets at point. You can get more information about some of them, by
492 clicking on mouse-sensitive areas or moving there and pressing RET.
495 *** The command `list-text-properties-at' has been deleted because
496 C-u C-x = gives the same information and more.
499 *** New command `display-local-help' displays any local help at point
500 in the echo area. It is bound to `C-h .'. It normally displays the
501 same string that would be displayed on mouse-over using the
502 `help-echo' property, but, in certain cases, it can display a more
503 keyboard oriented alternative.
506 *** New user option `help-at-pt-display-when-idle' allows to
507 automatically show the help provided by `display-local-help' on
508 point-over, after suitable idle time. The amount of idle time is
509 determined by the user option `help-at-pt-timer-delay' and defaults
510 to one second. This feature is turned off by default.
513 *** The apropos commands now accept a list of words to match.
514 When more than one word is specified, at least two of those words must
515 be present for an item to match. Regular expression matching is still
519 *** The new option `apropos-sort-by-scores' causes the matching items
520 to be sorted according to their score. The score for an item is a
521 number calculated to indicate how well the item matches the words or
522 regular expression that you entered to the apropos command. The best
523 match is listed first, and the calculated score is shown for each
526 ** Incremental Search changes:
529 *** Vertical scrolling is now possible within incremental search.
530 To enable this feature, customize the new user option
531 `isearch-allow-scroll'. User written commands which satisfy stringent
532 constraints can be marked as "scrolling commands". See the Emacs manual
536 *** C-w in incremental search now grabs either a character or a word,
537 making the decision in a heuristic way. This new job is done by the
538 command `isearch-yank-word-or-char'. To restore the old behavior,
539 bind C-w to `isearch-yank-word' in `isearch-mode-map'.
542 *** C-y in incremental search now grabs the next line if point is already
543 at the end of a line.
546 *** C-M-w deletes and C-M-y grabs a character in isearch mode.
547 Another method to grab a character is to enter the minibuffer by `M-e'
548 and to type `C-f' at the end of the search string in the minibuffer.
551 *** M-% typed in isearch mode invokes `query-replace' or
552 `query-replace-regexp' (depending on search mode) with the current
553 search string used as the string to replace.
556 *** Isearch no longer adds `isearch-resume' commands to the command
557 history by default. To enable this feature, customize the new
558 user option `isearch-resume-in-command-history'.
560 ** Replace command changes:
563 *** New user option `query-replace-skip-read-only': when non-nil,
564 `query-replace' and related functions simply ignore
565 a match if part of it has a read-only property.
568 *** When used interactively, the commands `query-replace-regexp' and
569 `replace-regexp' allow \,expr to be used in a replacement string,
570 where expr is an arbitrary Lisp expression evaluated at replacement
571 time. In many cases, this will be more convenient than using
572 `query-replace-regexp-eval'. `\#' in a replacement string now refers
573 to the count of replacements already made by the replacement command.
574 All regular expression replacement commands now allow `\?' in the
575 replacement string to specify a position where the replacement string
576 can be edited for each replacement.
579 *** query-replace uses isearch lazy highlighting when the new user option
580 `query-replace-lazy-highlight' is non-nil.
583 *** The current match in query-replace is highlighted in new face
584 `query-replace' which by default inherits from isearch face.
586 ** Local variables lists:
589 *** In processing a local variables list, Emacs strips the prefix and
590 suffix from every line before processing all the lines.
593 *** Text properties in local variables.
595 A file local variables list cannot specify a string with text
596 properties--any specified text properties are discarded.
599 *** If the local variables list contains any variable-value pairs that
600 are not known to be safe, Emacs shows a prompt asking whether to apply
601 the local variables list as a whole. In earlier versions, a prompt
602 was only issued for variables explicitly marked as risky (for the
603 definition of risky variables, see `risky-local-variable-p').
605 At the prompt, you can choose to save the contents of this local
606 variables list to `safe-local-variable-values'. This new customizable
607 option is a list of variable-value pairs that are known to be safe.
608 Variables can also be marked as safe with the existing
609 `safe-local-variable' property (see `safe-local-variable-p').
610 However, risky variables will not be added to
611 `safe-local-variable-values' in this way.
614 *** The variable `enable-local-variables' controls how local variable
615 lists are handled. t, the default, specifies the standard querying
616 behavior. :safe means use only safe values, and ignore the rest.
617 :all means set all variables, whether or not they are safe.
618 nil means ignore them all. Anything else means always query.
621 *** The variable `safe-local-eval-forms' specifies a list of forms that
622 are ok to evaluate when they appear in an `eval' local variables
623 specification. Normally Emacs asks for confirmation before evaluating
624 such a form, but if the form appears in this list, no confirmation is
628 *** If a function has a non-nil `safe-local-eval-function' property,
629 that means it is ok to evaluate some calls to that function when it
630 appears in an `eval' local variables specification. If the property
631 is t, then any form calling that function with constant arguments is
632 ok. If the property is a function or list of functions, they are called
633 with the form as argument, and if any returns t, the form is ok to call.
635 If the form is not "ok to call", that means Emacs asks for
636 confirmation as before.
638 ** File operation changes:
641 *** Unquoted `$' in file names do not signal an error any more when
642 the corresponding environment variable does not exist.
643 Instead, the `$ENVVAR' text is left as is, so that `$$' quoting
644 is only rarely needed.
647 *** find-file-read-only visits multiple files in read-only mode,
648 when the file name contains wildcard characters.
651 *** find-alternate-file replaces the current file with multiple files,
652 when the file name contains wildcard characters.
655 *** Auto Compression mode is now enabled by default.
658 *** C-x C-f RET, typing nothing in the minibuffer, is no longer a special case.
660 Since the default input is the current directory, this has the effect
661 of specifying the current directory. Normally that means to visit the
662 directory with Dired.
665 *** When you are root, and you visit a file whose modes specify
666 read-only, the Emacs buffer is now read-only too. Type C-x C-q if you
667 want to make the buffer writable. (As root, you can in fact alter the
671 *** C-x s (save-some-buffers) now offers an option `d' to diff a buffer
672 against its file, so you can see what changes you would be saving.
675 *** The commands copy-file, rename-file, make-symbolic-link and
676 add-name-to-file, when given a directory as the "new name" argument,
677 convert it to a file name by merging in the within-directory part of
678 the existing file's name. (This is the same convention that shell
679 commands cp, mv, and ln follow.) Thus, M-x copy-file RET ~/foo RET
680 /tmp RET copies ~/foo to /tmp/foo.
683 *** When used interactively, `format-write-file' now asks for confirmation
684 before overwriting an existing file, unless a prefix argument is
685 supplied. This behavior is analogous to `write-file'.
688 *** The variable `auto-save-file-name-transforms' now has a third element that
689 controls whether or not the function `make-auto-save-file-name' will
690 attempt to construct a unique auto-save name (e.g. for remote files).
693 *** The new option `write-region-inhibit-fsync' disables calls to fsync
694 in `write-region'. This can be useful on laptops to avoid spinning up
695 the hard drive upon each file save. Enabling this variable may result
696 in data loss, use with care.
699 *** If the user visits a file larger than `large-file-warning-threshold',
700 Emacs asks for confirmation.
703 *** require-final-newline now has two new possible values:
705 `visit' means add a newline (as an undoable change) if it's needed
706 when visiting the file.
708 `visit-save' means add a newline (as an undoable change) if it's
709 needed when visiting the file, and also add a newline if it's needed
710 when saving the file.
713 *** The new option mode-require-final-newline controls how certain
714 major modes enable require-final-newline. Any major mode that's
715 designed for a kind of file that should normally end in a newline
716 sets require-final-newline based on mode-require-final-newline.
717 So you can customize mode-require-final-newline to control what these
720 ** Minibuffer changes:
723 *** The new file-name-shadow-mode is turned ON by default, so that when
724 entering a file name, any prefix which Emacs will ignore is dimmed.
727 *** There's a new face `minibuffer-prompt'.
728 Emacs adds this face to the list of text properties stored in the
729 variable `minibuffer-prompt-properties', which is used to display the
733 *** Enhanced visual feedback in `*Completions*' buffer.
735 Completions lists use faces to highlight what all completions
736 have in common and where they begin to differ.
738 The common prefix shared by all possible completions uses the face
739 `completions-common-part', while the first character that isn't the
740 same uses the face `completions-first-difference'. By default,
741 `completions-common-part' inherits from `default', and
742 `completions-first-difference' inherits from `bold'. The idea of
743 `completions-common-part' is that you can use it to make the common
744 parts less visible than normal, so that the rest of the differing
745 parts is, by contrast, slightly highlighted.
747 Above fontification is always done when listing completions is
748 triggered at minibuffer. If you want to fontify completions whose
749 listing is triggered at the other normal buffer, you have to pass
750 the common prefix of completions to `display-completion-list' as
754 *** File-name completion can now ignore specified directories.
755 If an element of the list in `completion-ignored-extensions' ends in a
756 slash `/', it indicates a subdirectory that should be ignored when
757 completing file names. Elements of `completion-ignored-extensions'
758 which do not end in a slash are never considered when a completion
759 candidate is a directory.
762 *** The completion commands TAB, SPC and ? in the minibuffer apply only
763 to the text before point. If there is text in the buffer after point,
764 it remains unchanged.
767 *** New user option `history-delete-duplicates'.
768 If set to t when adding a new history element, all previous identical
769 elements are deleted from the history list.
771 ** Redisplay changes:
774 *** Preemptive redisplay now adapts to current load and bandwidth.
776 To avoid preempting redisplay on fast computers, networks, and displays,
777 the arrival of new input is now performed at regular intervals during
778 redisplay. The new variable `redisplay-preemption-period' specifies
779 the period; the default is to check for input every 0.1 seconds.
782 *** The mode line position information now comes before the major mode.
783 When the file is maintained under version control, that information
784 appears between the position information and the major mode.
787 *** New face `escape-glyph' highlights control characters and escape glyphs.
790 *** Non-breaking space and hyphens are now displayed with a special
791 face, either nobreak-space or escape-glyph. You can turn this off or
792 specify a different mode by setting the variable `nobreak-char-display'.
795 *** The parameters of automatic hscrolling can now be customized.
796 The variable `hscroll-margin' determines how many columns away from
797 the window edge point is allowed to get before automatic hscrolling
798 will horizontally scroll the window. The default value is 5.
800 The variable `hscroll-step' determines how many columns automatic
801 hscrolling scrolls the window when point gets too close to the
802 window edge. If its value is zero, the default, Emacs scrolls the
803 window so as to center point. If its value is an integer, it says how
804 many columns to scroll. If the value is a floating-point number, it
805 gives the fraction of the window's width to scroll the window.
807 The variable `automatic-hscrolling' was renamed to
808 `auto-hscroll-mode'. The old name is still available as an alias.
811 *** Moving or scrolling through images (and other lines) taller than
812 the window now works sensibly, by automatically adjusting the window's
816 *** The new face `mode-line-inactive' is used to display the mode line
817 of non-selected windows. The `mode-line' face is now used to display
818 the mode line of the currently selected window.
820 The new variable `mode-line-in-non-selected-windows' controls whether
821 the `mode-line-inactive' face is used.
824 *** You can now customize the use of window fringes. To control this
825 for all frames, use M-x fringe-mode or the Show/Hide submenu of the
826 top-level Options menu, or customize the `fringe-mode' variable. To
827 control this for a specific frame, use the command M-x
831 *** Angle icons in the fringes can indicate the buffer boundaries. In
832 addition, up and down arrow bitmaps in the fringe indicate which ways
833 the window can be scrolled.
835 This behavior is activated by setting the buffer-local variable
836 `indicate-buffer-boundaries' to a non-nil value. The default value of
837 this variable is found in `default-indicate-buffer-boundaries'.
839 If value is `left' or `right', both angle and arrow bitmaps are
840 displayed in the left or right fringe, resp.
842 The value can also be an alist which specifies the presence and
843 position of each bitmap individually.
845 For example, ((top . left) (t . right)) places the top angle bitmap
846 in left fringe, the bottom angle bitmap in right fringe, and both
847 arrow bitmaps in right fringe. To show just the angle bitmaps in the
848 left fringe, but no arrow bitmaps, use ((top . left) (bottom . left)).
851 *** On window systems, lines which are exactly as wide as the window
852 (not counting the final newline character) are no longer broken into
853 two lines on the display (with just the newline on the second line).
854 Instead, the newline now "overflows" into the right fringe, and the
855 cursor will be displayed in the fringe when positioned on that newline.
857 The new user option 'overflow-newline-into-fringe' can be set to nil to
858 revert to the old behavior of continuing such lines.
861 *** When a window has display margin areas, the fringes are now
862 displayed between the margins and the buffer's text area, rather than
863 outside those margins.
866 *** A window can now have individual fringe and scroll-bar settings,
867 in addition to the individual display margin settings.
869 Such individual settings are now preserved when windows are split
870 horizontally or vertically, a saved window configuration is restored,
871 or when the frame is resized.
873 ** Cursor display changes:
876 *** On X, MS Windows, and Mac OS, the blinking cursor's "off" state is
877 now controlled by the variable `blink-cursor-alist'.
880 *** The X resource cursorBlink can be used to turn off cursor blinking.
883 *** Emacs can produce an underscore-like (horizontal bar) cursor.
884 The underscore cursor is set by putting `(cursor-type . hbar)' in
885 default-frame-alist. It supports variable heights, like the `bar'
889 *** Display of hollow cursors now obeys the buffer-local value (if any)
890 of `cursor-in-non-selected-windows' in the buffer that the cursor
894 *** The variable `cursor-in-non-selected-windows' can now be set to any
895 of the recognized cursor types.
898 *** On text terminals, the variable `visible-cursor' controls whether Emacs
899 uses the "very visible" cursor (the default) or the normal cursor.
904 *** `mode-line-highlight' is the standard face indicating mouse sensitive
905 elements on mode-line (and header-line) like `highlight' face on text
908 *** `mode-line-buffer-id' is the standard face for buffer identification
909 parts of the mode line.
912 *** `shadow' face defines the appearance of the "shadowed" text, i.e.
913 the text which should be less noticeable than the surrounding text.
914 This can be achieved by using shades of grey in contrast with either
915 black or white default foreground color. This generic shadow face
916 allows customization of the appearance of shadowed text in one place,
917 so package-specific faces can inherit from it.
920 *** `vertical-border' face is used for the vertical divider between windows.
922 ** Font-Lock changes:
925 *** M-o now is the prefix key for setting text properties;
926 M-o M-o requests refontification.
929 *** All modes now support using M-x font-lock-mode to toggle
930 fontification, even those such as Occur, Info, and comint-derived
931 modes that do their own fontification in a special way.
933 The variable `Info-fontify' is no longer applicable; to disable
934 fontification in Info, remove `turn-on-font-lock' from
938 *** font-lock: in modes like C and Lisp where the fontification assumes that
939 an open-paren in column 0 is always outside of any string or comment,
940 font-lock now highlights any such open-paren-in-column-zero in bold-red
941 if it is inside a string or a comment, to indicate that it can cause
942 trouble with fontification and/or indentation.
945 *** New standard font-lock face `font-lock-preprocessor-face'.
948 *** New standard font-lock face `font-lock-comment-delimiter-face'.
951 *** Easy to overlook single character negation can now be font-locked.
952 You can use the new variable `font-lock-negation-char-face' and the face of
953 the same name to customize this. Currently the cc-modes, sh-script-mode,
954 cperl-mode and make-mode support this.
957 *** The default settings for JIT stealth lock parameters are changed.
958 The default value for the user option jit-lock-stealth-time is now 16
959 instead of 3, and the default value of jit-lock-stealth-nice is now
960 0.5 instead of 0.125. The new defaults should lower the CPU usage
961 when Emacs is fontifying in the background.
964 *** jit-lock can now be delayed with `jit-lock-defer-time'.
966 If this variable is non-nil, its value should be the amount of Emacs
967 idle time in seconds to wait before starting fontification. For
968 example, if you set `jit-lock-defer-time' to 0.25, fontification will
969 only happen after 0.25s of idle time.
972 *** contextual refontification is now separate from stealth fontification.
974 jit-lock-defer-contextually is renamed jit-lock-contextually and
975 jit-lock-context-time determines the delay after which contextual
976 refontification takes place.
981 *** A menu item "Show/Hide" was added to the top-level menu "Options".
982 This menu allows you to turn various display features on and off (such
983 as the fringes, the tool bar, the speedbar, and the menu bar itself).
984 You can also move the vertical scroll bar to either side here or turn
985 it off completely. There is also a menu-item to toggle displaying of
986 current date and time, current line and column number in the mode-line.
989 *** Speedbar has moved from the "Tools" top level menu to "Show/Hide".
992 *** You can exit dialog windows and menus by typing C-g.
995 *** The menu item "Open File..." has been split into two items, "New File..."
996 and "Open File...". "Open File..." now opens only existing files. This is
997 to support existing GUI file selection dialogs better.
1000 *** The file selection dialog for Gtk+, Mac, W32 and Motif/Lesstif can be
1001 disabled by customizing the variable `use-file-dialog'.
1004 *** The pop up menus for Lucid now stay up if you do a fast click and can
1005 be navigated with the arrow keys (like Gtk+, Mac and W32).
1008 *** The menu bar for Motif/Lesstif/Lucid/Gtk+ can be navigated with keys.
1009 Pressing F10 shows the first menu in the menu bar. Navigation is done with
1010 the arrow keys, select with the return key and cancel with the escape keys.
1013 *** The Lucid menus can display multilingual text in your locale. You have
1014 to explicitly specify a fontSet resource for this to work, for example
1015 `-xrm "Emacs*fontSet: -*-helvetica-medium-r-*--*-120-*-*-*-*-*-*,*"'.
1018 *** Dialogs for Lucid/Athena and Lesstif/Motif now pops down when pressing
1019 ESC, like they do for Gtk+, Mac and W32.
1022 *** For the Gtk+ version, you can make Emacs use the old file dialog
1023 by setting the variable `x-use-old-gtk-file-dialog' to t. Default is to use
1029 *** If you set the new variable `mouse-autoselect-window' to a non-nil
1030 value, windows are automatically selected as you move the mouse from
1031 one Emacs window to another, even within a frame. A minibuffer window
1032 can be selected only when it is active.
1035 *** On X, when the window manager requires that you click on a frame to
1036 select it (give it focus), the selected window and cursor position
1037 normally changes according to the mouse click position. If you set
1038 the variable x-mouse-click-focus-ignore-position to t, the selected
1039 window and cursor position do not change when you click on a frame
1043 *** You can now follow links by clicking Mouse-1 on the link.
1045 Traditionally, Emacs uses a Mouse-1 click to set point and a Mouse-2
1046 click to follow a link, whereas most other applications use a Mouse-1
1047 click for both purposes, depending on whether you click outside or
1048 inside a link. Now the behavior of a Mouse-1 click has been changed
1049 to match this context-sentitive dual behavior. (If you prefer the old
1050 behavior, set the user option `mouse-1-click-follows-link' to nil.)
1052 Depending on the current mode, a Mouse-2 click in Emacs can do much
1053 more than just follow a link, so the new Mouse-1 behavior is only
1054 activated for modes which explicitly mark a clickable text as a "link"
1055 (see the new function `mouse-on-link-p' for details). The Lisp
1056 packages that are included in release 22.1 have been adapted to do
1057 this, but external packages may not yet support this. However, there
1058 is no risk in using such packages, as the worst thing that could
1059 happen is that you get the original Mouse-1 behavior when you click
1060 on a link, which typically means that you set point where you click.
1062 If you want to get the original Mouse-1 action also inside a link, you
1063 just need to press the Mouse-1 button a little longer than a normal
1064 click (i.e. press and hold the Mouse-1 button for half a second before
1067 Dragging the Mouse-1 inside a link still performs the original
1068 drag-mouse-1 action, typically copy the text.
1070 You can customize the new Mouse-1 behavior via the new user options
1071 `mouse-1-click-follows-link' and `mouse-1-click-in-non-selected-windows'.
1074 *** Emacs normally highlights mouse sensitive text whenever the mouse
1075 is over the text. By setting the new variable `mouse-highlight', you
1076 can optionally enable mouse highlighting only after you move the
1077 mouse, so that highlighting disappears when you press a key. You can
1078 also disable mouse highlighting.
1081 *** You can now customize if selecting a region by dragging the mouse
1082 shall not copy the selected text to the kill-ring by setting the new
1083 variable mouse-drag-copy-region to nil.
1086 *** mouse-wheels can now scroll a specific fraction of the window
1087 (rather than a fixed number of lines) and the scrolling is `progressive'.
1090 *** Emacs ignores mouse-2 clicks while the mouse wheel is being moved.
1092 People tend to push the mouse wheel (which counts as a mouse-2 click)
1093 unintentionally while turning the wheel, so these clicks are now
1094 ignored. You can customize this with the mouse-wheel-click-event and
1095 mouse-wheel-inhibit-click-time variables.
1098 *** Under X, mouse-wheel-mode is turned on by default.
1100 ** Multilingual Environment (Mule) changes:
1102 *** You can disable character translation for a file using the -*-
1103 construct. Include `enable-character-translation: nil' inside the
1104 -*-...-*- to disable any character translation that may happen by
1105 various global and per-coding-system translation tables. You can also
1106 specify it in a local variable list at the end of the file. For
1107 shortcut, instead of using this long variable name, you can append the
1108 character "!" at the end of coding-system name specified in -*-
1109 construct or in a local variable list. For example, if a file has the
1110 following header, it is decoded by the coding system `iso-latin-1'
1111 without any character translation:
1112 ;; -*- coding: iso-latin-1!; -*-
1115 *** Language environment and various default coding systems are setup
1116 more correctly according to the current locale name. If the locale
1117 name doesn't specify a charset, the default is what glibc defines.
1118 This change can result in using the different coding systems as
1119 default in some locale (e.g. vi_VN).
1122 *** The keyboard-coding-system is now automatically set based on your
1123 current locale settings if you are not using a window system. This
1124 can mean that the META key doesn't work but generates non-ASCII
1125 characters instead, depending on how the terminal (or terminal
1126 emulator) works. Use `set-keyboard-coding-system' (or customize
1127 keyboard-coding-system) if you prefer META to work (the old default)
1128 or if the locale doesn't describe the character set actually generated
1129 by the keyboard. See Info node `Single-Byte Character Support'.
1132 *** The new command `revert-buffer-with-coding-system' (C-x RET r)
1133 revisits the current file using a coding system that you specify.
1136 *** New command `recode-region' decodes the region again by a specified
1140 *** The new command `recode-file-name' changes the encoding of the name
1144 *** New command `ucs-insert' inserts a character specified by its
1148 *** The new command `set-file-name-coding-system' (C-x RET F) sets
1149 coding system for encoding and decoding file names. A new menu item
1150 (Options->Mule->Set Coding Systems->For File Name) invokes this
1154 *** New command quail-show-key shows what key (or key sequence) to type
1155 in the current input method to input a character at point.
1158 *** Limited support for character `unification' has been added.
1159 Emacs now knows how to translate between different representations of
1160 the same characters in various Emacs charsets according to standard
1161 Unicode mappings. This applies mainly to characters in the ISO 8859
1162 sets plus some other 8-bit sets, but can be extended. For instance,
1163 translation works amongst the Emacs ...-iso8859-... charsets and the
1164 mule-unicode-... ones.
1166 By default this translation happens automatically on encoding.
1167 Self-inserting characters are translated to make the input conformant
1168 with the encoding of the buffer in which it's being used, where
1171 You can force a more complete unification with the user option
1172 unify-8859-on-decoding-mode. That maps all the Latin-N character sets
1173 into Unicode characters (from the latin-iso8859-1 and
1174 mule-unicode-0100-24ff charsets) on decoding. Note that this mode
1175 will often effectively clobber data with an iso-2022 encoding.
1178 *** There is support for decoding Greek and Cyrillic characters into
1179 either Unicode (the mule-unicode charsets) or the iso-8859 charsets,
1180 when possible. The latter are more space-efficient. This is
1181 controlled by user option utf-fragment-on-decoding.
1184 *** New language environments: French, Ukrainian, Tajik,
1185 Bulgarian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, UTF-8, Windows-1255, Welsh, Latin-6,
1186 Latin-7, Lithuanian, Latvian, Swedish, Slovenian, Croatian, Georgian,
1187 Italian, Russian, Malayalam, Tamil, Russian, Chinese-EUC-TW. (Set up
1188 automatically according to the locale.)
1191 *** New input methods: latin-alt-postfix, latin-postfix, latin-prefix,
1192 ukrainian-computer, belarusian, bulgarian-bds, russian-computer,
1193 vietnamese-telex, lithuanian-numeric, lithuanian-keyboard,
1194 latvian-keyboard, welsh, georgian, rfc1345, ucs, sgml,
1195 bulgarian-phonetic, dutch, slovenian, croatian, malayalam-inscript,
1199 *** New input method chinese-sisheng for inputting Chinese Pinyin
1203 *** Improved Thai support. A new minor mode `thai-word-mode' (which is
1204 automatically activated if you select Thai as a language
1205 environment) changes key bindings of most word-oriented commands to
1206 versions which recognize Thai words. Affected commands are
1210 M-DEL (backward-kill-word)
1211 M-t (transpose-words)
1212 M-q (fill-paragraph)
1215 *** Indian support has been updated.
1216 The in-is13194 coding system is now Unicode-based. CDAC fonts are
1217 assumed. There is a framework for supporting various
1218 Indian scripts, but currently only Devanagari, Malayalam and Tamil are
1222 *** A UTF-7 coding system is available in the library `utf-7'.
1225 *** The utf-8/16 coding systems have been enhanced.
1226 By default, untranslatable utf-8 sequences are simply composed into
1227 single quasi-characters. User option `utf-translate-cjk-mode' (it is
1228 turned on by default) arranges to translate many utf-8 CJK character
1229 sequences into real Emacs characters in a similar way to the Mule-UCS
1230 system. As this loads a fairly big data on demand, people who are not
1231 interested in CJK characters may want to customize it to nil.
1232 You can augment/amend the CJK translation via hash tables
1233 `ucs-mule-cjk-to-unicode' and `ucs-unicode-to-mule-cjk'. The utf-8
1234 coding system now also encodes characters from most of Emacs's
1235 one-dimensional internal charsets, specifically the ISO-8859 ones.
1236 The utf-16 coding system is affected similarly.
1239 *** A new coding system `euc-tw' has been added for traditional Chinese
1240 in CNS encoding; it accepts both Big 5 and CNS as input; on saving,
1241 Big 5 is then converted to CNS.
1244 *** Many new coding systems are available in the `code-pages' library.
1245 These include complete versions of most of those in codepage.el, based
1246 on Unicode mappings. `codepage-setup' is now obsolete and is used
1247 only in the MS-DOS port of Emacs. All coding systems defined in
1248 `code-pages' are auto-loaded.
1251 *** New variable `utf-translate-cjk-unicode-range' controls which
1252 Unicode characters to translate in `utf-translate-cjk-mode'.
1255 *** iso-10646-1 (`Unicode') fonts can be used to display any range of
1256 characters encodable by the utf-8 coding system. Just specify the
1257 fontset appropriately.
1259 ** Customize changes:
1262 *** Custom themes are collections of customize options. Create a
1263 custom theme with M-x customize-create-theme. Use M-x load-theme to
1264 load and enable a theme, and M-x disable-theme to disable it. Use M-x
1265 enable-theme to enable a disabled theme.
1268 *** The commands M-x customize-face and M-x customize-face-other-window
1269 now look at the character after point. If a face or faces are
1270 specified for that character, the commands by default customize those
1274 *** The face-customization widget has been reworked to be less confusing.
1275 In particular, when you enable a face attribute using the corresponding
1276 check-box, there's no longer a redundant `*' option in value selection
1277 for that attribute; the values you can choose are only those which make
1278 sense for the attribute. When an attribute is de-selected by unchecking
1279 its check-box, then the (now ignored, but still present temporarily in
1280 case you re-select the attribute) value is hidden.
1283 *** When you set or reset a variable's value in a Customize buffer,
1284 the previous value becomes the "backup value" of the variable.
1285 You can go back to that backup value by selecting "Use Backup Value"
1286 under the "[State]" button.
1288 ** Buffer Menu changes:
1291 *** New command `Buffer-menu-toggle-files-only' toggles display of file
1292 buffers only in the Buffer Menu. It is bound to T in Buffer Menu
1296 *** `buffer-menu' and `list-buffers' now list buffers whose names begin
1297 with a space, when those buffers are visiting files. Normally buffers
1298 whose names begin with space are omitted.
1301 *** The new options `buffers-menu-show-directories' and
1302 `buffers-menu-show-status' let you control how buffers are displayed
1303 in the menu dropped down when you click "Buffers" from the menu bar.
1305 `buffers-menu-show-directories' controls whether the menu displays
1306 leading directories as part of the file name visited by the buffer.
1307 If its value is `unless-uniquify', the default, directories are
1308 shown unless uniquify-buffer-name-style' is non-nil. The value of nil
1309 and t turn the display of directories off and on, respectively.
1311 `buffers-menu-show-status' controls whether the Buffers menu includes
1312 the modified and read-only status of the buffers. By default it is
1313 t, and the status is shown.
1315 Setting these variables directly does not take effect until next time
1316 the Buffers menu is regenerated.
1321 *** New faces dired-header, dired-mark, dired-marked, dired-flagged,
1322 dired-ignored, dired-directory, dired-symlink, dired-warning
1323 introduced for Dired mode instead of font-lock faces.
1326 *** New Dired command `dired-compare-directories' marks files
1327 with different file attributes in two dired buffers.
1330 *** New Dired command `dired-do-touch' (bound to T) changes timestamps
1331 of marked files with the value entered in the minibuffer.
1334 *** The Dired command `dired-goto-file' is now bound to j, not M-g.
1335 This is to avoid hiding the global key binding of M-g.
1338 *** In Dired's ! command (dired-do-shell-command), `*' and `?' now
1339 control substitution of the file names only when they are surrounded
1340 by whitespace. This means you can now use them as shell wildcards
1341 too. If you want to use just plain `*' as a wildcard, type `*""'; the
1342 double quotes make no difference in the shell, but they prevent
1343 special treatment in `dired-do-shell-command'.
1346 *** In Dired, the w command now stores the current line's file name
1347 into the kill ring. With a zero prefix arg, it stores the absolute file name.
1350 *** In Dired-x, Omitting files is now a minor mode, dired-omit-mode.
1352 The mode toggling command is bound to M-o. A new command
1353 dired-mark-omitted, bound to * O, marks omitted files. The variable
1354 dired-omit-files-p is obsoleted, use the mode toggling function
1358 *** The variables dired-free-space-program and dired-free-space-args
1359 have been renamed to directory-free-space-program and
1360 directory-free-space-args, and they now apply whenever Emacs puts a
1361 directory listing into a buffer.
1366 *** The comint prompt can now be made read-only, using the new user
1367 option `comint-prompt-read-only'. This is not enabled by default,
1368 except in IELM buffers. The read-only status of IELM prompts can be
1369 controlled with the new user option `ielm-prompt-read-only', which
1370 overrides `comint-prompt-read-only'.
1372 The new commands `comint-kill-whole-line' and `comint-kill-region'
1373 support editing comint buffers with read-only prompts.
1375 `comint-kill-whole-line' is like `kill-whole-line', but ignores both
1376 read-only and field properties. Hence, it always kill entire
1377 lines, including any prompts.
1379 `comint-kill-region' is like `kill-region', except that it ignores
1380 read-only properties, if it is safe to do so. This means that if any
1381 part of a prompt is deleted, then the entire prompt must be deleted
1382 and that all prompts must stay at the beginning of a line. If this is
1383 not the case, then `comint-kill-region' behaves just like
1384 `kill-region' if read-only properties are involved: it copies the text
1385 to the kill-ring, but does not delete it.
1388 *** The new command `comint-insert-previous-argument' in comint-derived
1389 modes (shell-mode, etc.) inserts arguments from previous command lines,
1390 like bash's `ESC .' binding. It is bound by default to `C-c .', but
1391 otherwise behaves quite similarly to the bash version.
1394 *** `comint-use-prompt-regexp-instead-of-fields' has been renamed
1395 `comint-use-prompt-regexp'. The old name has been kept as an alias,
1396 but declared obsolete.
1398 ** M-x Compile changes:
1401 *** M-x compile has become more robust and reliable
1403 Quite a few more kinds of messages are recognized. Messages that are
1404 recognized as warnings or informational come in orange or green, instead of
1405 red. Informational messages are by default skipped with `next-error'
1406 (controlled by `compilation-skip-threshold').
1408 Location data is collected on the fly as the *compilation* buffer changes.
1409 This means you could modify messages to make them point to different files.
1410 This also means you can not go to locations of messages you may have deleted.
1412 The variable `compilation-error-regexp-alist' has now become customizable. If
1413 you had added your own regexps to this, you'll probably need to include a
1414 leading `^', otherwise they'll match anywhere on a line. There is now also a
1415 `compilation-mode-font-lock-keywords' and it nicely handles all the checks
1416 that configure outputs and -o options so you see at a glance where you are.
1418 The new file etc/compilation.txt gives examples of each type of message.
1421 *** New user option `compilation-environment'.
1422 This option allows you to specify environment variables for inferior
1423 compilation processes without affecting the environment that all
1424 subprocesses inherit.
1427 *** New user option `compilation-disable-input'.
1428 If this is non-nil, send end-of-file as compilation process input.
1431 *** New options `next-error-highlight' and `next-error-highlight-no-select'
1432 specify the method of highlighting of the corresponding source line
1433 in new face `next-error'.
1436 *** A new minor mode `next-error-follow-minor-mode' can be used in
1437 compilation-mode, grep-mode, occur-mode, and diff-mode (i.e. all the
1438 modes that can use `next-error'). In this mode, cursor motion in the
1439 buffer causes automatic display in another window of the corresponding
1440 matches, compilation errors, etc. This minor mode can be toggled with
1444 *** When the left fringe is displayed, an arrow points to current message in
1445 the compilation buffer.
1448 *** The new variable `compilation-context-lines' controls lines of leading
1449 context before the current message. If nil and the left fringe is displayed,
1450 it doesn't scroll the compilation output window. If there is no left fringe,
1451 no arrow is displayed and a value of nil means display the message at the top
1454 ** Occur mode changes:
1457 *** In the *Occur* buffer, `o' switches to it in another window, and
1458 C-o displays the current line's occurrence in another window without
1462 *** You can now use next-error (C-x `) and previous-error to advance to
1463 the next/previous matching line found by M-x occur.
1466 *** The new command `multi-occur' is just like `occur', except it can
1467 search multiple buffers. There is also a new command
1468 `multi-occur-in-matching-buffers' which allows you to specify the
1469 buffers to search by their filenames or buffer names. Internally,
1470 Occur mode has been rewritten, and now uses font-lock, among other
1476 *** Grep has been decoupled from compilation mode setup.
1478 There's a new separate package grep.el, with its own submenu and
1479 customization group.
1482 *** `grep-find' is now also available under the name `find-grep' where
1483 people knowing `find-grep-dired' would probably expect it.
1486 *** New commands `lgrep' (local grep) and `rgrep' (recursive grep) are
1487 more user-friendly versions of `grep' and `grep-find', which prompt
1488 separately for the regular expression to match, the files to search,
1489 and the base directory for the search (rgrep only). Case sensitivitivy
1490 of the search is controlled by the current value of `case-fold-search'.
1492 These commands build the shell commands based on the new variables
1493 `grep-template' (lgrep) and `grep-find-template' (rgrep).
1495 The files to search can use aliases defined in `grep-files-aliases'.
1497 Subdirectories listed in `grep-find-ignored-directories' such as those
1498 typically used by various version control systems, like CVS and arch,
1499 are automatically skipped by `rgrep'.
1502 *** The grep commands provide highlighting support.
1504 Hits are fontified in green, and hits in binary files in orange. Grep buffers
1505 can be saved and automatically revisited.
1508 *** The new variables `grep-window-height' and `grep-scroll-output' override
1509 the corresponding compilation mode settings, for grep commands only.
1512 *** New option `grep-highlight-matches' highlights matches in *grep*
1513 buffer. It uses a special feature of some grep programs which accept
1514 --color option to output markers around matches. When going to the next
1515 match with `next-error' the exact match is highlighted in the source
1516 buffer. Otherwise, if `grep-highlight-matches' is nil, the whole
1517 source line is highlighted.
1520 *** New key bindings in grep output window:
1521 SPC and DEL scrolls window up and down. C-n and C-p moves to next and
1522 previous match in the grep window. RET jumps to the source line of
1523 the current match. `n' and `p' shows next and previous match in
1524 other window, but does not switch buffer. `{' and `}' jumps to the
1525 previous or next file in the grep output. TAB also jumps to the next
1529 *** M-x grep now tries to avoid appending `/dev/null' to the command line
1530 by using GNU grep `-H' option instead. M-x grep automatically
1531 detects whether this is possible or not the first time it is invoked.
1532 When `-H' is used, the grep command line supplied by the user is passed
1533 unchanged to the system to execute, which allows more complicated
1534 command lines to be used than was possible before.
1536 ** X Windows Support:
1539 *** Emacs now supports drag and drop for X. Dropping a file on a window
1540 opens it, dropping text inserts the text. Dropping a file on a dired
1541 buffer copies or moves the file to that directory.
1544 *** Under X11, it is possible to swap Alt and Meta (and Super and Hyper).
1545 The new variables `x-alt-keysym', `x-hyper-keysym', `x-meta-keysym',
1546 and `x-super-keysym' can be used to choose which keysyms Emacs should
1547 use for the modifiers. For example, the following two lines swap
1549 (setq x-alt-keysym 'meta)
1550 (setq x-meta-keysym 'alt)
1553 *** The X resource useXIM can be used to turn off use of XIM, which can
1554 speed up Emacs with slow networking to the X server.
1556 If the configure option `--without-xim' was used to turn off use of
1557 XIM by default, the X resource useXIM can be used to turn it on.
1560 *** The new variable `x-select-request-type' controls how Emacs
1561 requests X selection. The default value is nil, which means that
1562 Emacs requests X selection with types COMPOUND_TEXT and UTF8_STRING,
1563 and use the more appropriately result.
1566 *** The scrollbar under LessTif or Motif has a smoother drag-scrolling.
1567 On the other hand, the size of the thumb does not represent the actual
1568 amount of text shown any more (only a crude approximation of it).
1573 *** If you enable Xterm Mouse mode, Emacs will respond to mouse clicks
1574 on the mode line, header line and display margin, when run in an xterm.
1577 *** Improved key bindings support when running in an xterm.
1578 When emacs is running in an xterm more key bindings are available. The
1579 following should work:
1580 {C,S,C-S,A}-{right,left,up,down,prior,next,delete,insert,F1-12}.
1581 These key bindings work on xterm from X.org 6.8, they might not work on
1582 some older versions of xterm, or on some proprietary versions.
1584 ** Character terminal color support changes:
1587 *** The new command-line option --color=MODE lets you specify a standard
1588 mode for a tty color support. It is meant to be used on character
1589 terminals whose capabilities are not set correctly in the terminal
1590 database, or with terminal emulators which support colors, but don't
1591 set the TERM environment variable to a name of a color-capable
1592 terminal. "emacs --color" uses the same color commands as GNU `ls'
1593 when invoked with "ls --color", so if your terminal can support colors
1594 in "ls --color", it will support "emacs --color" as well. See the
1595 user manual for the possible values of the MODE parameter.
1598 *** Emacs now supports several character terminals which provide more
1599 than 8 colors. For example, for `xterm', 16-color, 88-color, and
1600 256-color modes are supported. Emacs automatically notes at startup
1601 the extended number of colors, and defines the appropriate entries for
1602 all of these colors.
1605 *** Emacs now uses the full range of available colors for the default
1606 faces when running on a color terminal, including 16-, 88-, and
1607 256-color xterms. This means that when you run "emacs -nw" on an
1608 88-color or 256-color xterm, you will see essentially the same face
1612 *** There's a new support for colors on `rxvt' terminal emulator.
1614 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 22.1
1616 ** ERC is now part of the Emacs distribution.
1618 ERC is a powerful, modular, and extensible IRC client for Emacs.
1620 To see what modules are available, type
1621 M-x customize-option erc-modules RET.
1623 To start an IRC session, type M-x erc-select, and follow the prompts
1624 for server, port, and nick.
1627 ** Rcirc is now part of the Emacs distribution.
1629 Rcirc is an Internet relay chat (IRC) client. It supports
1630 simultaneous connections to multiple IRC servers. Each discussion
1631 takes place in its own buffer. For each connection you can join
1632 several channels (many-to-many) and participate in private
1633 (one-to-one) chats. Both channel and private chats are contained in
1636 To start an IRC session, type M-x irc, and follow the prompts for
1637 server, port, nick and initial channels.
1640 ** Newsticker is now part of the Emacs distribution.
1642 Newsticker asynchronously retrieves headlines (RSS) from a list of news
1643 sites, prepares these headlines for reading, and allows for loading the
1644 corresponding articles in a web browser. Its documentation is in a
1648 ** savehist saves minibuffer histories between sessions.
1649 To use this feature, turn on savehist-mode in your `.emacs' file.
1652 ** Filesets are collections of files. You can define a fileset in
1653 various ways, such as based on a directory tree or based on
1654 program files that include other program files.
1656 Once you have defined a fileset, you can perform various operations on
1657 all the files in it, such as visiting them or searching and replacing
1661 ** Calc is now part of the Emacs distribution.
1663 Calc is an advanced desk calculator and mathematical tool written in
1664 Emacs Lisp. The prefix for Calc has been changed to `C-x *' and Calc
1665 can be started with `C-x * *'. The Calc manual is separate from the
1666 Emacs manual; within Emacs, type "C-h i m calc RET" to read the
1667 manual. A reference card is available in `etc/calccard.tex' and
1671 ** The new package ibuffer provides a powerful, completely
1672 customizable replacement for buff-menu.el.
1675 ** Ido mode is now part of the Emacs distribution.
1677 The ido (interactively do) package is an extension of the iswitchb
1678 package to do interactive opening of files and directories in addition
1679 to interactive buffer switching. Ido is a superset of iswitchb (with
1680 a few exceptions), so don't enable both packages.
1683 ** Image files are normally visited in Image mode, which lets you toggle
1684 between viewing the image and viewing the text using C-c C-c.
1687 ** CUA mode is now part of the Emacs distribution.
1689 The new cua package provides CUA-like keybindings using C-x for
1690 cut (kill), C-c for copy, C-v for paste (yank), and C-z for undo.
1691 With cua, the region can be set and extended using shifted movement
1692 keys (like pc-selection-mode) and typed text replaces the active
1693 region (like delete-selection-mode). Do not enable these modes with
1694 cua-mode. Customize the variable `cua-mode' to enable cua.
1696 In addition, cua provides unified rectangle support with visible
1697 rectangle highlighting: Use C-return to start a rectangle, extend it
1698 using the movement commands (or mouse-3), and cut or copy it using C-x
1699 or C-c (using C-w and M-w also works).
1701 Use M-o and M-c to `open' or `close' the rectangle, use M-b or M-f, to
1702 fill it with blanks or another character, use M-u or M-l to upcase or
1703 downcase the rectangle, use M-i to increment the numbers in the
1704 rectangle, use M-n to fill the rectangle with a numeric sequence (such
1705 as 10 20 30...), use M-r to replace a regexp in the rectangle, and use
1706 M-' or M-/ to restrict command on the rectangle to a subset of the
1707 rows. See the commentary in cua-base.el for more rectangle commands.
1709 Cua also provides unified support for registers: Use a numeric
1710 prefix argument between 0 and 9, i.e. M-0 .. M-9, for C-x, C-c, and
1711 C-v to cut or copy into register 0-9, or paste from register 0-9.
1713 The last text deleted (not killed) is automatically stored in
1714 register 0. This includes text deleted by typing text.
1716 Finally, cua provides a global mark which is set using S-C-space.
1717 When the global mark is active, any text which is cut or copied is
1718 automatically inserted at the global mark position. See the
1719 commentary in cua-base.el for more global mark related commands.
1721 The features of cua also works with the standard emacs bindings for
1722 kill, copy, yank, and undo. If you want to use cua mode, but don't
1723 want the C-x, C-c, C-v, and C-z bindings, you can customize the
1724 `cua-enable-cua-keys' variable.
1726 Note: This version of cua mode is not backwards compatible with older
1727 versions of cua.el and cua-mode.el. To ensure proper operation, you
1728 must remove older versions of cua.el or cua-mode.el as well as the
1729 loading and customization of those packages from the .emacs file.
1732 ** Org mode is now part of the Emacs distribution
1734 Org mode is a mode for keeping notes, maintaining ToDo lists, and
1735 doing project planning with a fast and effective plain-text system.
1736 It also contains a plain-text table editor with spreadsheet-like
1739 The Org mode table editor can be integrated into any major mode by
1740 activating the minor Orgtbl-mode.
1742 The documentation for org-mode is in a separate manual; within Emacs,
1743 type "C-h i m org RET" to read that manual. A reference card is
1744 available in `etc/orgcard.tex' and `etc/orgcard.ps'.
1747 ** The new package dns-mode.el add syntax highlight of DNS master files.
1748 The key binding C-c C-s (`dns-mode-soa-increment-serial') can be used
1749 to increment the SOA serial.
1752 ** The new global minor mode `file-name-shadow-mode' modifies the way
1753 filenames being entered by the user in the minibuffer are displayed, so
1754 that it's clear when part of the entered filename will be ignored due to
1755 emacs' filename parsing rules. The ignored portion can be made dim,
1756 invisible, or otherwise less visually noticeable. The display method can
1757 be displayed by customizing the variable `file-name-shadow-properties'.
1760 ** The new package flymake.el does on-the-fly syntax checking of program
1761 source files. See the Flymake's Info manual for more details.
1764 ** The new keypad setup package provides several common bindings for
1765 the numeric keypad which is available on most keyboards. The numeric
1766 keypad typically has the digits 0 to 9, a decimal point, keys marked
1767 +, -, /, and *, an Enter key, and a NumLock toggle key. The keypad
1768 package only controls the use of the digit and decimal keys.
1770 By customizing the variables `keypad-setup', `keypad-shifted-setup',
1771 `keypad-numlock-setup', and `keypad-numlock-shifted-setup', or by
1772 using the function `keypad-setup', you can rebind all digit keys and
1773 the decimal key of the keypad in one step for each of the four
1774 possible combinations of the Shift key state (not pressed/pressed) and
1775 the NumLock toggle state (off/on).
1777 The choices for the keypad keys in each of the above states are:
1778 `Plain numeric keypad' where the keys generates plain digits,
1779 `Numeric keypad with decimal key' where the character produced by the
1780 decimal key can be customized individually (for internationalization),
1781 `Numeric Prefix Arg' where the keypad keys produce numeric prefix args
1782 for emacs editing commands, `Cursor keys' and `Shifted Cursor keys'
1783 where the keys work like (shifted) arrow keys, home/end, etc., and
1784 `Unspecified/User-defined' where the keypad keys (kp-0, kp-1, etc.)
1785 are left unspecified and can be bound individually through the global
1789 ** The new kmacro package provides a simpler user interface to
1790 emacs' keyboard macro facilities.
1792 Basically, it uses two function keys (default F3 and F4) like this:
1793 F3 starts a macro, F4 ends the macro, and pressing F4 again executes
1794 the last macro. While defining the macro, F3 inserts a counter value
1795 which automatically increments every time the macro is executed.
1797 There is now a keyboard macro ring which stores the most recently
1800 The C-x C-k sequence is now a prefix for the kmacro keymap which
1801 defines bindings for moving through the keyboard macro ring,
1802 C-x C-k C-p and C-x C-k C-n, editing the last macro C-x C-k C-e,
1803 manipulating the macro counter and format via C-x C-k C-c,
1804 C-x C-k C-a, and C-x C-k C-f. See the commentary in kmacro.el
1807 The normal macro bindings C-x (, C-x ), and C-x e now interfaces to
1808 the keyboard macro ring.
1810 The C-x e command now automatically terminates the current macro
1811 before calling it, if used while defining a macro.
1813 In addition, when ending or calling a macro with C-x e, the macro can
1814 be repeated immediately by typing just the `e'. You can customize
1815 this behavior via the variables kmacro-call-repeat-key and
1816 kmacro-call-repeat-with-arg.
1818 Keyboard macros can now be debugged and edited interactively.
1819 C-x C-k SPC steps through the last keyboard macro one key sequence
1820 at a time, prompting for the actions to take.
1823 ** New minor mode, Visible mode, toggles invisibility in the current buffer.
1824 When enabled, it makes all invisible text visible. When disabled, it
1825 restores the previous value of `buffer-invisibility-spec'.
1828 ** The wdired.el package allows you to use normal editing commands on Dired
1829 buffers to change filenames, permissions, etc...
1832 ** The new package longlines.el provides a minor mode for editing text
1833 files composed of long lines, based on the `use-hard-newlines'
1834 mechanism. The long lines are broken up by inserting soft newlines,
1835 which are automatically removed when saving the file to disk or
1836 copying into the kill ring, clipboard, etc. By default, Longlines
1837 mode inserts soft newlines automatically during editing, a behavior
1838 referred to as "soft word wrap" in other text editors. This is
1839 similar to Refill mode, but more reliable. To turn the word wrap
1840 feature off, set `longlines-auto-wrap' to nil.
1843 ** The printing package is now part of the Emacs distribution.
1845 If you enable the printing package by including (require 'printing) in
1846 the .emacs file, the normal Print item on the File menu is replaced
1847 with a Print sub-menu which allows you to preview output through
1848 ghostview, use ghostscript to print (if you don't have a PostScript
1849 printer) or send directly to printer a PostScript code generated by
1850 `ps-print' package. Use M-x pr-help for more information.
1853 ** The minor mode Reveal mode makes text visible on the fly as you
1854 move your cursor into hidden regions of the buffer.
1855 It should work with any package that uses overlays to hide parts
1856 of a buffer, such as outline-minor-mode, hs-minor-mode, hide-ifdef-mode, ...
1858 There is also Global Reveal mode which affects all buffers.
1861 ** The ruler-mode.el library provides a minor mode for displaying an
1862 "active" ruler in the header line. You can use the mouse to visually
1863 change the `fill-column', `window-margins' and `tab-stop-list'
1867 ** SES mode (ses-mode) is a new major mode for creating and editing
1868 spreadsheet files. Besides the usual Emacs features (intuitive command
1869 letters, undo, cell formulas in Lisp, plaintext files, etc.) it also offers
1870 viral immunity and import/export of tab-separated values.
1873 ** The new global minor mode `size-indication-mode' (off by default)
1874 shows the size of accessible part of the buffer on the mode line.
1877 ** The new package table.el implements editable, WYSIWYG, embedded
1878 `text tables' in Emacs buffers. It simulates the effect of putting
1879 these tables in a special major mode. The package emulates WYSIWYG
1880 table editing available in modern word processors. The package also
1881 can generate a table source in typesetting and markup languages such
1882 as latex and html from the visually laid out text table.
1884 ** The tumme.el package allows you to easily view, tag and in other ways
1885 manipulate image files and their thumbnails, using dired as the main interface.
1886 Tumme provides functionality to generate simple image galleries.
1889 ** Tramp is now part of the distribution.
1891 This package is similar to Ange-FTP: it allows you to edit remote
1892 files. But whereas Ange-FTP uses FTP to access the remote host,
1893 Tramp uses a shell connection. The shell connection is always used
1894 for filename completion and directory listings and suchlike, but for
1895 the actual file transfer, you can choose between the so-called
1896 `inline' methods (which transfer the files through the shell
1897 connection using base64 or uu encoding) and the `out-of-band' methods
1898 (which invoke an external copying program such as `rcp' or `scp' or
1899 `rsync' to do the copying).
1901 Shell connections can be acquired via `rsh', `ssh', `telnet' and also
1902 `su' and `sudo'. Ange-FTP is still supported via the `ftp' method.
1904 If you want to disable Tramp you should set
1906 (setq tramp-default-method "ftp")
1908 Removing Tramp, and re-enabling Ange-FTP, can be achieved by M-x
1912 ** The URL package (which had been part of W3) is now part of Emacs.
1915 ** `cfengine-mode' is a major mode for editing GNU Cfengine
1916 configuration files.
1919 ** The new package conf-mode.el handles thousands of configuration files, with
1920 varying syntaxes for comments (;, #, //, /* */ or !), assignment (var = value,
1921 var : value, var value or keyword var value) and sections ([section] or
1922 section { }). Many files under /etc/, or with suffixes like .cf through
1923 .config, .properties (Java), .desktop (KDE/Gnome), .ini and many others are
1927 ** GDB-Script-mode is used for files like .gdbinit.
1930 ** The new python.el package is used to edit Python and Jython programs.
1933 ** The TCL package tcl-mode.el was replaced by tcl.el.
1934 This was actually done in Emacs-21.1, and was not documented.
1936 ** The new package scroll-lock.el provides the Scroll Lock minor mode
1937 for pager-like scrolling. Keys which normally move point by line or
1938 paragraph will scroll the buffer by the respective amount of lines
1939 instead and point will be kept vertically fixed relative to window
1940 boundaries during scrolling.
1943 ** The file t-mouse.el is now part of Emacs and provides access to mouse
1944 events from the console. It still requires gpm to work but has been updated
1945 for Emacs 22. In particular, the mode-line is now position sensitive.
1947 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 22.1:
1952 *** Bindings for Tumme added
1953 Several new keybindings, all starting with the C-t prefix, have been
1954 added to Dired. They are all bound to commands in Tumme. As a starting
1955 point, mark some image files in a dired buffer and do C-t d to display
1956 thumbnails of them in a separate buffer.
1958 ** Changes in Hi Lock
1961 *** hi-lock-mode now only affects a single buffer, and a new function
1962 `global-hi-lock-mode' enables Hi Lock in all buffers. By default, if
1963 hi-lock-mode is used in what appears to be the initialization file, a
1964 warning message suggests to use global-hi-lock-mode instead. However,
1965 if the new variable `hi-lock-archaic-interface-deduce' is non-nil,
1966 using hi-lock-mode in an initialization file will turn on Hi Lock in all
1967 buffers and no warning will be issued (for compatibility with the
1968 behavior in older versions of Emacs).
1970 ** Changes in Allout
1972 *** Topic cryptography added, enabling easy gpg topic encryption and
1973 decryption. Per-topic basis enables interspersing encrypted-text and
1974 clear-text within a single file to your heart's content, using symmetric
1975 and/or public key modes. Time-limited key caching, user-provided
1976 symmetric key hinting and consistency verification, auto-encryption of
1977 pending topics on save, and more, make it easy to use encryption in
1980 *** `allout-view-change-hook' marked as being deprecated - use
1981 `allout-exposure-change-hook' instead. Both are currently being used, but
1982 `allout-view-change-hook' will be ignored in a subsequent allout version.
1984 *** Default command prefix changed to "\C-c " (control-c space), to avoid
1985 intruding on user's keybinding space. Customize the
1986 `allout-command-prefix' variable to your preference.
1988 *** Allout now uses text overlay's `invisible' property (and others) for
1989 concealed text, instead of selective-display. This simplifies the code, in
1990 particular avoiding the need for kludges for isearch dynamic-display,
1991 discretionary handling of edits of concealed text, undo concerns, etc.
1993 *** Many substantial fixes and refinements, including:
1995 - repaired inhibition of inadvertent edits to concealed text
1996 - repaired retention of topic body hanging indent upon topic depth shifts
1997 - refuse to create "containment discontinuities", where a
1998 topic is shifted deeper than the offspring-depth of its' container
1999 - bulleting variation is simpler and more accommodating, both in the
2000 default behavior and in ability to vary when creating new topics
2001 - many internal fixes and refinements
2002 - many module and function docstring clarifications
2003 - version number incremented to 2.2
2005 ** The variable `woman-topic-at-point' was renamed
2006 to `woman-use-topic-at-point' and behaves differently: if this
2007 variable is non-nil, the `woman' command uses the word at point
2008 automatically, without asking for a confirmation. Otherwise, the word
2009 at point is suggested as default, but not inserted at the prompt.
2012 ** Changes to cmuscheme
2014 *** Emacs now offers to start Scheme if the user tries to
2015 evaluate a Scheme expression but no Scheme subprocess is running.
2017 *** If a file `.emacs_NAME' (where NAME is the name of the Scheme interpreter)
2018 exists in the user's home directory or in ~/.emacs.d, its
2019 contents are sent to the Scheme subprocess upon startup.
2021 *** There are new commands to instruct the Scheme interpreter to trace
2022 procedure calls (`scheme-trace-procedure') and to expand syntactic forms
2023 (`scheme-expand-current-form'). The commands actually sent to the Scheme
2024 subprocess are controlled by the user options `scheme-trace-command',
2025 `scheme-untrace-command' and `scheme-expand-current-form'.
2028 ** Changes in Makefile mode
2030 *** Makefile mode has submodes for automake, gmake, makepp, BSD make and imake.
2032 The former two couldn't be differentiated before, and the latter three
2033 are new. Font-locking is robust now and offers new customizable
2036 *** The variable `makefile-query-one-target-method' has been renamed
2037 to `makefile-query-one-target-method-function'. The old name is still
2041 ** In Outline mode, `hide-body' no longer hides lines at the top
2042 of the file that precede the first header line.
2045 ** Telnet now prompts you for a port number with C-u M-x telnet.
2048 ** The terminal emulation code in term.el has been improved; it can
2049 run most curses applications now.
2052 ** M-x diff uses Diff mode instead of Compilation mode.
2055 ** Diff mode key bindings changed.
2057 These are the new bindings:
2059 C-c C-e diff-ediff-patch (old M-A)
2060 C-c C-n diff-restrict-view (old M-r)
2061 C-c C-r diff-reverse-direction (old M-R)
2062 C-c C-u diff-context->unified (old M-U)
2063 C-c C-w diff-refine-hunk (old C-c C-r)
2065 To convert unified to context format, use C-u C-c C-u.
2066 In addition, C-c C-u now operates on the region
2067 in Transient Mark mode when the mark is active.
2070 ** You can now customize `fill-nobreak-predicate' to control where
2071 filling can break lines. The value is now normally a list of
2072 functions, but it can also be a single function, for compatibility.
2074 Emacs provide two predicates, `fill-single-word-nobreak-p' and
2075 `fill-french-nobreak-p', for use as the value of
2076 `fill-nobreak-predicate'.
2079 ** M-x view-file and commands that use it now avoid interfering
2080 with special modes such as Tar mode.
2083 ** Commands `winner-redo' and `winner-undo', from winner.el, are now
2084 bound to C-c <left> and C-c <right>, respectively. This is an
2085 incompatible change.
2088 ** `global-whitespace-mode' is a new alias for `whitespace-global-mode'.
2091 ** M-x compare-windows now can automatically skip non-matching text to
2092 resync points in both windows.
2095 ** New user option `add-log-always-start-new-record'.
2097 When this option is enabled, M-x add-change-log-entry always
2098 starts a new record regardless of when the last record is.
2101 ** PO translation files are decoded according to their MIME headers
2102 when Emacs visits them.
2104 ** Info mode changes:
2107 *** A numeric prefix argument of `info' selects an Info buffer
2108 with the number appended to the `*info*' buffer name (e.g. "*info*<2>").
2111 *** isearch in Info uses Info-search and searches through multiple nodes.
2113 Before leaving the initial Info node isearch fails once with the error
2114 message [initial node], and with subsequent C-s/C-r continues through
2115 other nodes. When isearch fails for the rest of the manual, it wraps
2116 around the whole manual to the top/final node. The user option
2117 `Info-isearch-search' controls whether to use Info-search for isearch,
2118 or the default isearch search function that wraps around the current
2122 *** New search commands: `Info-search-case-sensitively' (bound to S),
2123 `Info-search-backward', and `Info-search-next' which repeats the last
2124 search without prompting for a new search string.
2127 *** New command `Info-history-forward' (bound to r and new toolbar icon)
2128 moves forward in history to the node you returned from after using
2129 `Info-history-back' (renamed from `Info-last').
2132 *** New command `Info-history' (bound to L) displays a menu of visited nodes.
2135 *** New command `Info-toc' (bound to T) creates a node with table of contents
2136 from the tree structure of menus of the current Info file.
2139 *** New command `info-apropos' searches the indices of the known
2140 Info files on your system for a string, and builds a menu of the
2144 *** New command `Info-copy-current-node-name' (bound to w) copies
2145 the current Info node name into the kill ring. With a zero prefix
2146 arg, puts the node name inside the `info' function call.
2149 *** New face `info-xref-visited' distinguishes visited nodes from unvisited
2150 and a new option `Info-fontify-visited-nodes' to control this.
2153 *** http and ftp links in Info are now operational: they look like cross
2154 references and following them calls `browse-url'.
2157 *** Info now hides node names in menus and cross references by default.
2159 If you prefer the old behavior, you can set the new user option
2160 `Info-hide-note-references' to nil.
2163 *** Images in Info pages are supported.
2165 Info pages show embedded images, in Emacs frames with image support.
2166 Info documentation that includes images, processed with makeinfo
2167 version 4.7 or newer, compiles to Info pages with embedded images.
2170 *** The default value for `Info-scroll-prefer-subnodes' is now nil.
2173 *** `Info-index' offers completion.
2175 ** Lisp mode changes:
2178 *** Lisp mode now uses `font-lock-doc-face' for doc strings.
2181 *** C-u C-M-q in Emacs Lisp mode pretty-prints the list after point.
2183 *** New features in evaluation commands
2186 **** The function `eval-defun' (C-M-x) called on defface reinitializes
2187 the face to the value specified in the defface expression.
2190 **** Typing C-x C-e twice prints the value of the integer result
2191 in additional formats (octal, hexadecimal, character) specified
2192 by the new function `eval-expression-print-format'. The same
2193 function also defines the result format for `eval-expression' (M-:),
2194 `eval-print-last-sexp' (C-j) and some edebug evaluation functions.
2199 *** The CC Mode manual has been extensively revised.
2200 The information about using CC Mode has been separated from the larger
2201 and more difficult chapters about configuration.
2203 *** Changes in Key Sequences
2204 **** c-toggle-auto-hungry-state is no longer bound to C-c C-t.
2206 **** c-toggle-hungry-state is no longer bound to C-c C-d.
2207 This binding has been taken over by c-hungry-delete-forwards.
2209 **** c-toggle-auto-state (C-c C-t) has been renamed to c-toggle-auto-newline.
2210 c-toggle-auto-state remains as an alias.
2212 **** The new commands c-hungry-backspace and c-hungry-delete-forwards
2213 have key bindings C-c C-DEL (or C-c DEL, for the benefit of TTYs) and
2214 C-c C-d (or C-c C-<delete> or C-c <delete>) respectively. These
2215 commands delete entire blocks of whitespace with a single
2216 key-sequence. [N.B. "DEL" is the <backspace> key.]
2218 **** The new command c-toggle-electric-mode is bound to C-c C-l.
2220 **** The new command c-subword-mode is bound to C-c C-w.
2222 *** C-c C-s (`c-show-syntactic-information') now highlights the anchor
2226 **** Electric Minor Mode toggles the electric action of non-alphabetic keys.
2227 The new command c-toggle-electric-mode is bound to C-c C-l. Turning the
2228 mode off can be helpful for editing chaotically indented code and for
2229 users new to CC Mode, who sometimes find electric indentation
2230 disconcerting. Its current state is displayed in the mode line with an
2233 **** Subword Minor Mode makes Emacs recognize word boundaries at upper case
2234 letters in StudlyCapsIdentifiers. You enable this feature by C-c C-w. It can
2235 also be used in non-CC Mode buffers. :-) Contributed by Masatake YAMATO.
2239 **** `comment-close-slash'.
2240 With this clean-up, a block (i.e. c-style) comment can be terminated by
2241 typing a slash at the start of a line.
2243 **** `c-one-liner-defun'
2244 This clean-up compresses a short enough defun (for example, an AWK
2245 pattern/action pair) onto a single line. "Short enough" is configurable.
2247 *** Font lock support.
2248 CC Mode now provides font lock support for all its languages. This
2249 supersedes the font lock patterns that have been in the core font lock
2250 package for C, C++, Java and Objective-C. Like indentation, font
2251 locking is done in a uniform way across all languages (except the new
2252 AWK mode - see below). That means that the new font locking will be
2253 different from the old patterns in various details for most languages.
2255 The main goal of the font locking in CC Mode is accuracy, to provide a
2256 dependable aid in recognizing the various constructs. Some, like
2257 strings and comments, are easy to recognize while others like
2258 declarations and types can be very tricky. CC Mode can go to great
2259 lengths to recognize declarations and casts correctly, especially when
2260 the types aren't recognized by standard patterns. This is a fairly
2261 demanding analysis which can be slow on older hardware, and it can
2262 therefore be disabled by choosing a lower decoration level with the
2263 variable font-lock-maximum-decoration.
2265 Note that the most demanding font lock level has been tuned with lazy
2266 fontification in mind; Just-In-Time-Lock mode should be enabled for
2267 the highest font lock level (by default, it is). Fontifying a file
2268 with several thousand lines in one go can take the better part of a
2271 **** The (c|c++|objc|java|idl|pike)-font-lock-extra-types variables
2272 are now used by CC Mode to recognize identifiers that are certain to
2273 be types. (They are also used in cases that aren't related to font
2274 locking.) At the maximum decoration level, types are often recognized
2275 properly anyway, so these variables should be fairly restrictive and
2276 not contain patterns for uncertain types.
2278 **** Support for documentation comments.
2279 There is a "plugin" system to fontify documentation comments like
2280 Javadoc and the markup within them. It's independent of the host
2281 language, so it's possible to e.g. turn on Javadoc font locking in C
2282 buffers. See the variable c-doc-comment-style for details.
2284 Currently three kinds of doc comment styles are recognized: Sun's
2285 Javadoc, Autodoc (which is used in Pike) and GtkDoc (used in C). (The
2286 last was contributed by Masatake YAMATO). This is by no means a
2287 complete list of the most common tools; if your doc comment extractor
2288 of choice is missing then please drop a note to bug-cc-mode@gnu.org.
2290 **** Better handling of C++ templates.
2291 As a side effect of the more accurate font locking, C++ templates are
2292 now handled much better. The angle brackets that delimit them are
2293 given parenthesis syntax so that they can be navigated like other
2296 This also improves indentation of templates, although there still is
2297 work to be done in that area. E.g. it's required that multiline
2298 template clauses are written in full and then refontified to be
2299 recognized, and the indentation of nested templates is a bit odd and
2300 not as configurable as it ought to be.
2302 **** Improved handling of Objective-C and CORBA IDL.
2303 Especially the support for Objective-C and IDL has gotten an overhaul.
2304 The special "@" declarations in Objective-C are handled correctly.
2305 All the keywords used in CORBA IDL, PSDL, and CIDL are recognized and
2306 handled correctly, also wrt indentation.
2308 *** Support for the AWK language.
2309 Support for the AWK language has been introduced. The implementation is
2310 based around GNU AWK version 3.1, but it should work pretty well with
2311 any AWK. As yet, not all features of CC Mode have been adapted for AWK.
2314 **** Indentation Engine
2315 The CC Mode indentation engine fully supports AWK mode.
2317 AWK mode handles code formatted in the conventional AWK fashion: `{'s
2318 which start actions, user-defined functions, or compound statements are
2319 placed on the same line as the associated construct; the matching `}'s
2320 are normally placed under the start of the respective pattern, function
2321 definition, or structured statement.
2323 The predefined line-up functions haven't yet been adapted for AWK
2324 mode, though some of them may work serendipitously. There shouldn't
2325 be any problems writing custom indentation functions for AWK mode.
2328 There is a single level of font locking in AWK mode, rather than the
2329 three distinct levels the other modes have. There are several
2330 idiosyncrasies in AWK mode's font-locking due to the peculiarities of
2331 the AWK language itself.
2333 **** Comment and Movement Commands
2334 These commands all work for AWK buffers. The notion of "defun" has
2335 been augmented to include AWK pattern-action pairs - the standard
2336 "defun" commands on key sequences C-M-a, C-M-e, and C-M-h use this
2337 extended definition.
2339 **** "awk" style, Auto-newline Insertion and Clean-ups
2340 A new style, "awk" has been introduced, and this is now the default
2341 style for AWK code. With auto-newline enabled, the clean-up
2342 c-one-liner-defun (see above) is useful.
2344 *** New syntactic symbols in IDL mode.
2345 The top level constructs "module" and "composition" (from CIDL) are
2346 now handled like "namespace" in C++: They are given syntactic symbols
2347 module-open, module-close, inmodule, composition-open,
2348 composition-close, and incomposition.
2350 *** New functions to do hungry delete without enabling hungry delete mode.
2351 The new functions `c-hungry-backspace' and `c-hungry-delete-forward'
2352 provide hungry deletion without having to toggle a mode. They are
2353 bound to C-c C-DEL and C-c C-d (and several variants, for the benefit
2354 of different keyboard setups. See "Changes in key sequences" above).
2356 *** Better control over `require-final-newline'.
2358 The variable `c-require-final-newline' specifies which of the modes
2359 implemented by CC mode should insert final newlines. Its value is a
2360 list of modes, and only those modes should do it. By default the list
2361 includes C, C++ and Objective-C modes.
2363 Whichever modes are in this list will set `require-final-newline'
2364 based on `mode-require-final-newline'.
2366 *** Format change for syntactic context elements.
2368 The elements in the syntactic context returned by `c-guess-basic-syntax'
2369 and stored in `c-syntactic-context' has been changed somewhat to allow
2370 attaching more information. They are now lists instead of single cons
2371 cells. E.g. a line that previously had the syntactic analysis
2373 ((inclass . 11) (topmost-intro . 13))
2377 ((inclass 11) (topmost-intro 13))
2379 In some cases there are more than one position given for a syntactic
2382 This change might affect code that calls `c-guess-basic-syntax'
2383 directly, and custom lineup functions if they use
2384 `c-syntactic-context'. However, the argument given to lineup
2385 functions is still a single cons cell with nil or an integer in the
2388 *** API changes for derived modes.
2390 There have been extensive changes "under the hood" which can affect
2391 derived mode writers. Some of these changes are likely to cause
2392 incompatibilities with existing derived modes, but on the other hand
2393 care has now been taken to make it possible to extend and modify CC
2394 Mode with less risk of such problems in the future.
2396 **** New language variable system.
2397 These are variables whose values vary between CC Mode's different
2398 languages. See the comment blurb near the top of cc-langs.el.
2400 **** New initialization functions.
2401 The initialization procedure has been split up into more functions to
2402 give better control: `c-basic-common-init', `c-font-lock-init', and
2403 `c-init-language-vars'.
2405 *** Changes in analysis of nested syntactic constructs.
2406 The syntactic analysis engine has better handling of cases where
2407 several syntactic constructs appear nested on the same line. They are
2408 now handled as if each construct started on a line of its own.
2410 This means that CC Mode now indents some cases differently, and
2411 although it's more consistent there might be cases where the old way
2412 gave results that's more to one's liking. So if you find a situation
2413 where you think that the indentation has become worse, please report
2414 it to bug-cc-mode@gnu.org.
2416 **** New syntactic symbol substatement-label.
2417 This symbol is used when a label is inserted between a statement and
2418 its substatement. E.g:
2424 *** Better handling of multiline macros.
2426 **** Syntactic indentation inside macros.
2427 The contents of multiline #define's are now analyzed and indented
2428 syntactically just like other code. This can be disabled by the new
2429 variable `c-syntactic-indentation-in-macros'. A new syntactic symbol
2430 `cpp-define-intro' has been added to control the initial indentation
2433 **** New lineup function `c-lineup-cpp-define'.
2435 Now used by default to line up macro continuation lines. The behavior
2436 of this function closely mimics the indentation one gets if the macro
2437 is indented while the line continuation backslashes are temporarily
2438 removed. If syntactic indentation in macros is turned off, it works
2439 much line `c-lineup-dont-change', which was used earlier, but handles
2440 empty lines within the macro better.
2442 **** Automatically inserted newlines continues the macro if used within one.
2443 This applies to the newlines inserted by the auto-newline mode, and to
2444 `c-context-line-break' and `c-context-open-line'.
2446 **** Better alignment of line continuation backslashes.
2447 `c-backslash-region' tries to adapt to surrounding backslashes. New
2448 variable `c-backslash-max-column' puts a limit on how far out
2449 backslashes can be moved.
2451 **** Automatic alignment of line continuation backslashes.
2452 This is controlled by the new variable `c-auto-align-backslashes'. It
2453 affects `c-context-line-break', `c-context-open-line' and newlines
2454 inserted in Auto-Newline mode.
2456 **** Line indentation works better inside macros.
2457 Regardless whether syntactic indentation and syntactic indentation
2458 inside macros are enabled or not, line indentation now ignores the
2459 line continuation backslashes. This is most noticeable when syntactic
2460 indentation is turned off and there are empty lines (save for the
2461 backslash) in the macro.
2463 *** indent-for-comment is more customizable.
2464 The behavior of M-; (indent-for-comment) is now configurable through
2465 the variable `c-indent-comment-alist'. The indentation behavior is
2466 based on the preceding code on the line, e.g. to get two spaces after
2467 #else and #endif but indentation to `comment-column' in most other
2468 cases (something which was hardcoded earlier).
2470 *** New function `c-context-open-line'.
2471 It's the open-line equivalent of `c-context-line-break'.
2473 *** New lineup functions
2475 **** `c-lineup-string-cont'
2476 This lineup function lines up a continued string under the one it
2479 result = prefix + "A message "
2480 "string."; <- c-lineup-string-cont
2482 **** `c-lineup-cascaded-calls'
2483 Lines up series of calls separated by "->" or ".".
2485 **** `c-lineup-knr-region-comment'
2486 Gives (what most people think is) better indentation of comments in
2487 the "K&R region" between the function header and its body.
2489 **** `c-lineup-gcc-asm-reg'
2490 Provides better indentation inside asm blocks.
2492 **** `c-lineup-argcont'
2493 Lines up continued function arguments after the preceding comma.
2495 *** Better caching of the syntactic context.
2496 CC Mode caches the positions of the opening parentheses (of any kind)
2497 of the lists surrounding the point. Those positions are used in many
2498 places as anchor points for various searches. The cache is now
2499 improved so that it can be reused to a large extent when the point is
2500 moved. The less it moves, the less needs to be recalculated.
2502 The effect is that CC Mode should be fast most of the time even when
2503 opening parens are hung (i.e. aren't in column zero). It's typically
2504 only the first time after the point is moved far down in a complex
2505 file that it'll take noticeable time to find out the syntactic
2508 *** Statements are recognized in a more robust way.
2509 Statements are recognized most of the time even when they occur in an
2510 "invalid" context, e.g. in a function argument. In practice that can
2511 happen when macros are involved.
2513 *** Improved the way `c-indent-exp' chooses the block to indent.
2514 It now indents the block for the closest sexp following the point
2515 whose closing paren ends on a different line. This means that the
2516 point doesn't have to be immediately before the block to indent.
2517 Also, only the block and the closing line is indented; the current
2518 line is left untouched.
2520 *** Added toggle for syntactic indentation.
2521 The function `c-toggle-syntactic-indentation' can be used to toggle
2522 syntactic indentation.
2524 ** In sh-script, a continuation line is only indented if the backslash was
2525 preceded by a SPC or a TAB.
2528 ** Perl mode has a new variable `perl-indent-continued-arguments'.
2531 ** The old Octave mode bindings C-c f and C-c i have been changed
2532 to C-c C-f and C-c C-i. The C-c C-i subcommands now have duplicate
2533 bindings on control characters--thus, C-c C-i C-b is the same as
2534 C-c C-i b, and so on.
2536 ** Fortran mode changes:
2539 *** Fortran mode does more font-locking by default. Use level 3
2540 highlighting for the old default.
2543 *** Fortran mode has a new variable `fortran-directive-re'.
2544 Adapt this to match the format of any compiler directives you use.
2545 Lines that match are never indented, and are given distinctive font-locking.
2548 *** F90 mode and Fortran mode have new navigation commands
2549 `f90-end-of-block', `f90-beginning-of-block', `f90-next-block',
2550 `f90-previous-block', `fortran-end-of-block',
2551 `fortran-beginning-of-block'.
2554 *** F90 mode and Fortran mode have support for `hs-minor-mode' (hideshow).
2555 It cannot deal with every code format, but ought to handle a sizeable
2559 *** The new function `f90-backslash-not-special' can be used to change
2560 the syntax of backslashes in F90 buffers.
2563 ** Reftex mode changes
2566 *** Changes to RefTeX's table of contents
2568 The new command keys "<" and ">" in the TOC buffer promote/demote the
2569 section at point or all sections in the current region, with full
2570 support for multifile documents.
2572 The new command `reftex-toc-recenter' (`C-c -') shows the current
2573 section in the TOC buffer without selecting the TOC window.
2574 Recentering can happen automatically in idle time when the option
2575 `reftex-auto-recenter-toc' is turned on. The highlight in the TOC
2576 buffer stays when the focus moves to a different window. A dedicated
2577 frame can show the TOC with the current section always automatically
2578 highlighted. The frame is created and deleted from the toc buffer
2581 The toc window can be split off horizontally instead of vertically.
2582 See new option `reftex-toc-split-windows-horizontally'.
2584 Labels can be renamed globally from the table of contents using the
2587 The new command `reftex-goto-label' jumps directly to a label
2591 *** Changes related to citations and BibTeX database files
2593 Commands that insert a citation now prompt for optional arguments when
2594 called with a prefix argument. Related new options are
2595 `reftex-cite-prompt-optional-args' and `reftex-cite-cleanup-optional-args'.
2597 The new command `reftex-create-bibtex-file' creates a BibTeX database
2598 with all entries referenced in the current document. The keys "e" and
2599 "E" allow to produce a BibTeX database file from entries marked in a
2600 citation selection buffer.
2602 The command `reftex-citation' uses the word in the buffer before the
2603 cursor as a default search string.
2605 The support for chapterbib has been improved. Different chapters can
2606 now use BibTeX or an explicit `thebibliography' environment.
2608 The macros which specify the bibliography file (like \bibliography)
2609 can be configured with the new option `reftex-bibliography-commands'.
2611 Support for jurabib has been added.
2614 *** Global index matched may be verified with a user function
2616 During global indexing, a user function can verify an index match.
2617 See new option `reftex-index-verify-function'.
2620 *** Parsing documents with many labels can be sped up.
2622 Operating in a document with thousands of labels can be sped up
2623 considerably by allowing RefTeX to derive the type of a label directly
2624 from the label prefix like `eq:' or `fig:'. The option
2625 `reftex-trust-label-prefix' needs to be configured in order to enable
2626 this feature. While the speed-up is significant, this may reduce the
2627 quality of the context offered by RefTeX to describe a label.
2630 *** Miscellaneous changes
2632 The macros which input a file in LaTeX (like \input, \include) can be
2633 configured in the new option `reftex-include-file-commands'.
2635 RefTeX supports global incremental search.
2638 ** Prolog mode has a new variable `prolog-font-lock-keywords'
2639 to support use of font-lock.
2641 ** HTML/SGML changes:
2644 *** Emacs now tries to set up buffer coding systems for HTML/XML files
2648 *** SGML mode has indentation and supports XML syntax.
2649 The new variable `sgml-xml-mode' tells SGML mode to use XML syntax.
2650 When this option is enabled, SGML tags are inserted in XML style,
2651 i.e., there is always a closing tag.
2652 By default, its setting is inferred on a buffer-by-buffer basis
2653 from the file name or buffer contents.
2655 *** The variable `sgml-transformation' has been renamed to
2656 `sgml-transformation-function'. The old name is still available as
2660 *** `xml-mode' is now an alias for `sgml-mode', which has XML support.
2665 *** C-c C-c prompts for a command to run, and tries to offer a good default.
2668 *** The user option `tex-start-options-string' has been replaced
2669 by two new user options: `tex-start-options', which should hold
2670 command-line options to feed to TeX, and `tex-start-commands' which should hold
2671 TeX commands to use at startup.
2674 *** verbatim environments are now highlighted in courier by font-lock
2675 and super/sub-scripts are made into super/sub-scripts.
2678 *** New major mode Doctex mode, for *.dtx files.
2682 *** The new command `bibtex-url' browses a URL for the BibTeX entry at
2683 point (bound to C-c C-l and mouse-2, RET on clickable fields).
2685 *** The new command `bibtex-entry-update' (bound to C-c C-u) updates
2686 an existing BibTeX entry by inserting fields that may occur but are not
2689 *** New `bibtex-entry-format' option `required-fields', enabled by default.
2691 *** `bibtex-maintain-sorted-entries' can take values `plain',
2692 `crossref', and `entry-class' which control the sorting scheme used
2693 for BibTeX entries. `bibtex-sort-entry-class' controls the sorting
2694 scheme `entry-class'. TAB completion for reference keys and
2695 automatic detection of duplicates does not require anymore that
2696 `bibtex-maintain-sorted-entries' is non-nil.
2698 *** If the new variable `bibtex-parse-keys-fast' is non-nil,
2699 use fast but simplified algorithm for parsing BibTeX keys.
2701 *** If the new variable `bibtex-autoadd-commas' is non-nil,
2702 automatically add missing commas at end of BibTeX fields.
2704 *** The new variable `bibtex-autofill-types' contains a list of entry
2705 types for which fields are filled automatically (if possible).
2707 *** The new command `bibtex-complete' completes word fragment before
2708 point according to context (bound to M-tab).
2710 *** The new commands `bibtex-find-entry' and `bibtex-find-crossref'
2711 locate entries and crossref'd entries (bound to C-c C-s and C-c C-x).
2712 Crossref fields are clickable (bound to mouse-2, RET).
2714 *** In BibTeX mode the command `fill-paragraph' (M-q) fills
2715 individual fields of a BibTeX entry.
2717 *** The new variables `bibtex-files' and `bibtex-file-path' define a set
2718 of BibTeX files that are searched for entry keys.
2720 *** The new command `bibtex-validate-globally' checks for duplicate keys
2721 in multiple BibTeX files.
2723 *** The new command `bibtex-copy-summary-as-kill' pushes summary
2724 of BibTeX entry to kill ring (bound to C-c C-t).
2726 *** The new variables bibtex-expand-strings and
2727 bibtex-autokey-expand-strings control the expansion of strings when
2728 extracting the content of a BibTeX field.
2730 *** The variables `bibtex-autokey-name-case-convert' and
2731 `bibtex-autokey-titleword-case-convert' have been renamed to
2732 `bibtex-autokey-name-case-convert-function' and
2733 `bibtex-autokey-titleword-case-convert-function'. The old names are
2734 still available as aliases.
2736 ** In Artist mode the variable `artist-text-renderer' has been
2737 renamed to `artist-text-renderer-function'. The old name is still
2741 ** In Enriched mode, `set-left-margin' and `set-right-margin' are now
2742 by default bound to `C-c [' and `C-c ]' instead of the former `C-c C-l'
2748 *** In GUD mode, when talking to GDB, C-x C-a C-j "jumps" the program
2749 counter to the specified source line (the one where point is).
2752 *** GUD mode has its own tool bar for controlling execution of the inferior
2753 and other common debugger commands.
2756 *** The new package gdb-ui.el provides an enhanced graphical interface to
2757 GDB. You can interact with GDB through the GUD buffer in the usual way, but
2758 there are also further buffers which control the execution and describe the
2759 state of your program. It can separate the input/output of your program from
2760 that of GDB and watches expressions in the speedbar. It also uses features of
2761 Emacs 21/22 such as the toolbar, and bitmaps in the fringe to indicate
2764 To use this package just type M-x gdb. See the Emacs manual if you want the
2767 *** The variable tooltip-gud-tips-p has been removed. GUD tooltips can now be
2768 toggled independently of normal tooltips with the minor mode
2772 *** In graphical mode, with a C program, GUD Tooltips have been extended to
2773 display the #define directive associated with an identifier when program is
2777 ** GUD mode improvements for jdb:
2779 *** Search for source files using jdb classpath and class information.
2780 Fast startup since there is no need to scan all source files up front.
2781 There is also no need to create and maintain lists of source
2782 directories to scan. Look at `gud-jdb-use-classpath' and
2783 `gud-jdb-classpath' customization variables documentation.
2785 *** Supports the standard breakpoint (gud-break, gud-clear)
2786 set/clear operations from Java source files under the classpath, stack
2787 traversal (gud-up, gud-down), and run until current stack finish
2790 *** Supports new jdb (Java 1.2 and later) in addition to oldjdb
2793 *** The previous method of searching for source files has been
2794 preserved in case someone still wants/needs to use it.
2795 Set `gud-jdb-use-classpath' to nil.
2797 *** Added Customization Variables
2799 **** `gud-jdb-command-name'. What command line to use to invoke jdb.
2801 **** `gud-jdb-use-classpath'. Allows selection of java source file searching
2802 method: set to t for new method, nil to scan `gud-jdb-directories' for
2803 java sources (previous method).
2805 **** `gud-jdb-directories'. List of directories to scan and search for Java
2806 classes using the original gud-jdb method (if `gud-jdb-use-classpath'
2809 *** Minor Improvements
2811 **** The STARTTLS wrapper (starttls.el) can now use GNUTLS
2812 instead of the OpenSSL based `starttls' tool. For backwards
2813 compatibility, it prefers `starttls', but you can toggle
2814 `starttls-use-gnutls' to switch to GNUTLS (or simply remove the
2817 **** Do not allow debugger output history variable to grow without bounds.
2819 ** Auto-Revert changes:
2822 *** You can now use Auto Revert mode to `tail' a file.
2824 If point is at the end of a file buffer before reverting, Auto Revert
2825 mode keeps it at the end after reverting. Similarly if point is
2826 displayed at the end of a file buffer in any window, it stays at
2827 the end of the buffer in that window. This allows to tail a file:
2828 just put point at the end of the buffer and it stays there. This
2829 rule applies to file buffers. For non-file buffers, the behavior can
2832 If you are sure that the file will only change by growing at the end,
2833 then you can tail the file more efficiently by using the new minor
2834 mode Auto Revert Tail mode. The function `auto-revert-tail-mode'
2838 *** Auto Revert mode is now more careful to avoid excessive reverts and
2839 other potential problems when deciding which non-file buffers to
2840 revert. This matters especially if Global Auto Revert mode is enabled
2841 and `global-auto-revert-non-file-buffers' is non-nil. Auto Revert
2842 mode only reverts a non-file buffer if the buffer has a non-nil
2843 `revert-buffer-function' and a non-nil `buffer-stale-function', which
2844 decides whether the buffer should be reverted. Currently, this means
2845 that auto reverting works for Dired buffers (although this may not
2846 work properly on all operating systems) and for the Buffer Menu.
2849 *** If the new user option `auto-revert-check-vc-info' is non-nil, Auto
2850 Revert mode reliably updates version control info (such as the version
2851 control number in the mode line), in all version controlled buffers in
2852 which it is active. If the option is nil, the default, then this info
2853 only gets updated whenever the buffer gets reverted.
2858 The recent file list is now automatically cleaned up when recentf mode is
2859 enabled. The new option `recentf-auto-cleanup' controls when to do
2862 The ten most recent files can be quickly opened by using the shortcut
2863 keys 1 to 9, and 0, when the recent list is displayed in a buffer via
2864 the `recentf-open-files', or `recentf-open-more-files' commands.
2866 The `recentf-keep' option replaces `recentf-keep-non-readable-files-p'
2867 and provides a more general mechanism to customize which file names to
2868 keep in the recent list.
2870 With the more advanced option `recentf-filename-handlers', you can
2871 specify functions that successively transform recent file names. For
2872 example, if set to `file-truename' plus `abbreviate-file-name', the
2873 same file will not be in the recent list with different symbolic
2874 links, and the file name will be abbreviated.
2876 To follow naming convention, `recentf-menu-append-commands-flag'
2877 replaces the misnamed option `recentf-menu-append-commands-p'. The
2878 old name remains available as alias, but has been marked obsolete.
2884 *** Desktop saving is now a minor mode, `desktop-save-mode'.
2887 *** The variable `desktop-enable' is obsolete.
2889 Customize `desktop-save-mode' to enable desktop saving.
2892 *** Buffers are saved in the desktop file in the same order as that in the
2896 *** The desktop package can be customized to restore only some buffers
2897 immediately, remaining buffers are restored lazily (when Emacs is
2902 - desktop-revert reverts to the last loaded desktop.
2903 - desktop-change-dir kills current desktop and loads a new.
2904 - desktop-save-in-desktop-dir saves desktop in the directory from which
2906 - desktop-lazy-complete runs the desktop load to completion.
2907 - desktop-lazy-abort aborts lazy loading of the desktop.
2910 *** New customizable variables:
2911 - desktop-save. Determines whether the desktop should be saved when it is
2913 - desktop-file-name-format. Format in which desktop file names should be saved.
2914 - desktop-path. List of directories in which to lookup the desktop file.
2915 - desktop-locals-to-save. List of local variables to save.
2916 - desktop-globals-to-clear. List of global variables that `desktop-clear' will clear.
2917 - desktop-clear-preserve-buffers-regexp. Regexp identifying buffers that `desktop-clear'
2919 - desktop-restore-eager. Number of buffers to restore immediately. Remaining buffers are
2920 restored lazily (when Emacs is idle).
2921 - desktop-lazy-verbose. Verbose reporting of lazily created buffers.
2922 - desktop-lazy-idle-delay. Idle delay before starting to create buffers.
2925 *** New command line option --no-desktop
2929 - desktop-after-read-hook run after a desktop is loaded.
2930 - desktop-no-desktop-file-hook run when no desktop file is found.
2933 ** The saveplace.el package now filters out unreadable files.
2935 When you exit Emacs, the saved positions in visited files no longer
2936 include files that aren't readable, e.g. files that don't exist.
2937 Customize the new option `save-place-forget-unreadable-files' to nil
2938 to get the old behavior. The new options `save-place-save-skipped'
2939 and `save-place-skip-check-regexp' allow further fine-tuning of this
2945 *** When comparing directories.
2946 Typing D brings up a buffer that lists the differences between the contents of
2947 directories. Now it is possible to use this buffer to copy the missing files
2948 from one directory to another.
2951 *** When comparing files or buffers.
2952 Typing the = key now offers to perform the word-by-word comparison of the
2953 currently highlighted regions in an inferior Ediff session. If you answer 'n'
2954 then it reverts to the old behavior and asks the user to select regions for
2958 *** The new command `ediff-backup' compares a file with its most recent
2959 backup using `ediff'. If you specify the name of a backup file,
2960 `ediff-backup' compares it with the file of which it is a backup.
2965 *** New regular expressions features
2967 **** New syntax for regular expressions, multi-line regular expressions.
2969 The syntax --ignore-case-regexp=/regex/ is now undocumented and retained
2970 only for backward compatibility. The new equivalent syntax is
2971 --regex=/regex/i. More generally, it is --regex=/TAGREGEX/TAGNAME/MODS,
2972 where `/TAGNAME' is optional, as usual, and MODS is a string of 0 or
2973 more characters among `i' (ignore case), `m' (multi-line) and `s'
2974 (single-line). The `m' and `s' modifiers behave as in Perl regular
2975 expressions: `m' allows regexps to match more than one line, while `s'
2976 (which implies `m') means that `.' matches newlines. The ability to
2977 span newlines allows writing of much more powerful regular expressions
2978 and rapid prototyping for tagging new languages.
2980 **** Regular expressions can use char escape sequences as in GCC.
2982 The escaped character sequence \a, \b, \d, \e, \f, \n, \r, \t, \v,
2983 respectively, stand for the ASCII characters BEL, BS, DEL, ESC, FF, NL,
2986 **** Regular expressions can be bound to a given language.
2988 The syntax --regex={LANGUAGE}REGEX means that REGEX is used to make tags
2989 only for files of language LANGUAGE, and ignored otherwise. This is
2990 particularly useful when storing regexps in a file.
2992 **** Regular expressions can be read from a file.
2994 The --regex=@regexfile option means read the regexps from a file, one
2995 per line. Lines beginning with space or tab are ignored.
2997 *** New language parsing features
2999 **** The `::' qualifier triggers C++ parsing in C file.
3001 Previously, only the `template' and `class' keywords had this effect.
3003 **** The GCC __attribute__ keyword is now recognized and ignored.
3005 **** New language HTML.
3007 Tags are generated for `title' as well as `h1', `h2', and `h3'. Also,
3008 when `name=' is used inside an anchor and whenever `id=' is used.
3010 **** In Makefiles, constants are tagged.
3012 If you want the old behavior instead, thus avoiding to increase the
3013 size of the tags file, use the --no-globals option.
3015 **** New language Lua.
3017 All functions are tagged.
3019 **** In Perl, packages are tags.
3021 Subroutine tags are named from their package. You can jump to sub tags
3022 as you did before, by the sub name, or additionally by looking for
3025 **** In Prolog, etags creates tags for rules in addition to predicates.
3027 **** New language PHP.
3029 Functions, classes and defines are tags. If the --members option is
3030 specified to etags, variables are tags also.
3032 **** New default keywords for TeX.
3034 The new keywords are def, newcommand, renewcommand, newenvironment and
3037 *** Honor #line directives.
3039 When Etags parses an input file that contains C preprocessor's #line
3040 directives, it creates tags using the file name and line number
3041 specified in those directives. This is useful when dealing with code
3042 created from Cweb source files. When Etags tags the generated file, it
3043 writes tags pointing to the source file.
3045 *** New option --parse-stdin=FILE.
3047 This option is mostly useful when calling etags from programs. It can
3048 be used (only once) in place of a file name on the command line. Etags
3049 reads from standard input and marks the produced tags as belonging to
3055 *** The key C-x C-q only changes the read-only state of the buffer
3056 (toggle-read-only). It no longer checks files in or out.
3058 We made this change because we held a poll and found that many users
3059 were unhappy with the previous behavior. If you do prefer this
3060 behavior, you can bind `vc-toggle-read-only' to C-x C-q in your
3063 (global-set-key "\C-x\C-q" 'vc-toggle-read-only)
3065 The function `vc-toggle-read-only' will continue to exist.
3068 *** The new variable `vc-cvs-global-switches' specifies switches that
3069 are passed to any CVS command invoked by VC.
3071 These switches are used as "global options" for CVS, which means they
3072 are inserted before the command name. For example, this allows you to
3073 specify a compression level using the `-z#' option for CVS.
3076 *** New backends for Subversion and Meta-CVS.
3079 *** VC-Annotate mode enhancements
3081 In VC-Annotate mode, you can now use the following key bindings for
3082 enhanced functionality to browse the annotations of past revisions, or
3083 to view diffs or log entries directly from vc-annotate-mode:
3085 P: annotates the previous revision
3086 N: annotates the next revision
3087 J: annotates the revision at line
3088 A: annotates the revision previous to line
3089 D: shows the diff of the revision at line with its previous revision
3090 L: shows the log of the revision at line
3091 W: annotates the workfile (most up to date) version
3096 *** In pcl-cvs mode, there is a new `d y' command to view the diffs
3097 between the local version of the file and yesterday's head revision
3101 *** In pcl-cvs mode, there is a new `d r' command to view the changes
3102 anyone has committed to the repository since you last executed
3103 `checkout', `update' or `commit'. That means using cvs diff options
3107 ** The new variable `mail-default-directory' specifies
3108 `default-directory' for mail buffers. This directory is used for
3109 auto-save files of mail buffers. It defaults to "~/".
3112 ** The mode line can indicate new mail in a directory or file.
3114 See the documentation of the user option
3115 `display-time-mail-directory'.
3120 *** Rmail now displays 5-digit message ids in its summary buffer.
3122 *** The new commands rmail-end-of-message and rmail-summary end-of-message,
3123 by default bound to `/', go to the end of the current mail message in
3124 Rmail and Rmail summary buffers.
3127 *** Support for `movemail' from GNU mailutils was added to Rmail.
3129 This version of `movemail' allows to read mail from a wide range of
3130 mailbox formats, including remote POP3 and IMAP4 mailboxes with or
3131 without TLS encryption. If GNU mailutils is installed on the system
3132 and its version of `movemail' can be found in exec-path, it will be
3133 used instead of the native one.
3138 *** Gnus now includes Sieve and PGG
3140 Sieve is a library for managing Sieve scripts. PGG is a library to handle
3144 *** There are many news features, bug fixes and improvements.
3146 See the file GNUS-NEWS or the node "Oort Gnus" in the Gnus manual for details.
3151 Upgraded to MH-E version 8.0.1. There have been major changes since
3152 version 5.0.2; see MH-E-NEWS for details.
3154 ** Calendar changes:
3157 *** You can now use < and >, instead of C-x < and C-x >, to scroll
3158 the calendar left or right. (The old key bindings still work too.)
3161 *** There is a new calendar package, icalendar.el, that can be used to
3162 convert Emacs diary entries to/from the iCalendar format.
3165 *** Diary sexp entries can have custom marking in the calendar.
3166 Diary sexp functions which only apply to certain days (such as
3167 `diary-block' or `diary-cyclic') now take an optional parameter MARK,
3168 which is the name of a face or a single-character string indicating
3169 how to highlight the day in the calendar display. Specifying a
3170 single-character string as @var{mark} places the character next to the
3171 day in the calendar. Specifying a face highlights the day with that
3172 face. This lets you have different colors or markings for vacations,
3173 appointments, paydays or anything else using a sexp.
3176 *** The new function `calendar-goto-day-of-year' (g D) prompts for a
3177 year and day number, and moves to that date. Negative day numbers
3178 count backward from the end of the year.
3181 *** The new Calendar function `calendar-goto-iso-week' (g w)
3182 prompts for a year and a week number, and moves to the first
3183 day of that ISO week.
3186 *** The new variable `calendar-minimum-window-height' affects the
3187 window generated by the function `generate-calendar-window'.
3190 *** The functions `holiday-easter-etc' and `holiday-advent' now take
3191 optional arguments, in order to only report on the specified holiday
3192 rather than all. This makes customization of variables such as
3193 `christian-holidays' simpler.
3196 *** The function `simple-diary-display' now by default sets a header line.
3197 This can be controlled through the variables `diary-header-line-flag'
3198 and `diary-header-line-format'.
3201 *** The procedure for activating appointment reminders has changed:
3202 use the new function `appt-activate'. The new variable
3203 `appt-display-format' controls how reminders are displayed, replacing
3204 `appt-issue-message', `appt-visible', and `appt-msg-window'.
3207 *** The new functions `diary-from-outlook', `diary-from-outlook-gnus',
3208 and `diary-from-outlook-rmail' can be used to import diary entries
3209 from Outlook-format appointments in mail messages. The variable
3210 `diary-outlook-formats' can be customized to recognize additional
3214 ** Speedbar changes:
3216 *** Speedbar items can now be selected by clicking mouse-1, based on
3217 the `mouse-1-click-follows-link' mechanism.
3219 *** SPC and DEL are no longer bound to scroll up/down in the speedbar
3222 *** The new command `speedbar-toggle-line-expansion', bound to SPC,
3223 contracts or expands the line under the cursor.
3225 *** New command `speedbar-create-directory', bound to `M'.
3227 *** The new commands `speedbar-expand-line-descendants' and
3228 `speedbar-contract-line-descendants', bound to `[' and `]'
3229 respectively, expand and contract the line under cursor with all of
3232 *** The new user option `speedbar-query-confirmation-method' controls
3233 how querying is performed for file operations. A value of 'always
3234 means to always query before file operations; 'none-but-delete means
3235 to not query before any file operations, except before a file
3238 *** The new user option `speedbar-select-frame-method' specifies how
3239 to select a frame for displaying a file opened with the speedbar. A
3240 value of 'attached means to use the attached frame (the frame that
3241 speedbar was started from.) A number such as 1 or -1 means to pass
3242 that number to `other-frame'.
3244 *** The new user option `speedbar-use-tool-tips-flag', if non-nil,
3245 means to display tool-tips for speedbar items.
3247 *** The frame management code in speedbar.el has been split into a new
3248 `dframe' library. Emacs Lisp code that makes use of the speedbar
3249 should use `dframe-attached-frame' instead of
3250 `speedbar-attached-frame', `dframe-timer' instead of `speedbar-timer',
3251 `dframe-close-frame' instead of `speedbar-close-frame', and
3252 `dframe-activity-change-focus-flag' instead of
3253 `speedbar-activity-change-focus-flag'. The variables
3254 `speedbar-update-speed' and `speedbar-navigating-speed' are also
3255 obsolete; use `dframe-update-speed' instead.
3260 *** The variable `sql-product' controls the highlighting of different
3261 SQL dialects. This variable can be set globally via Customize, on a
3262 buffer-specific basis via local variable settings, or for the current
3263 session using the new SQL->Product submenu. (This menu replaces the
3264 SQL->Highlighting submenu.)
3266 The following values are supported:
3268 ansi ANSI Standard (default)
3282 The current product name will be shown on the mode line following the
3285 The technique of setting `sql-mode-font-lock-defaults' directly in
3286 your `.emacs' will no longer establish the default highlighting -- Use
3287 `sql-product' to accomplish this.
3289 ANSI keywords are always highlighted.
3291 *** The function `sql-add-product-keywords' can be used to add
3292 font-lock rules to the product specific rules. For example, to have
3293 all identifiers ending in `_t' under MS SQLServer treated as a type,
3294 you would use the following line in your .emacs file:
3296 (sql-add-product-keywords 'ms
3297 '(("\\<\\w+_t\\>" . font-lock-type-face)))
3299 *** Oracle support includes keyword highlighting for Oracle 9i.
3301 Most SQL and PL/SQL keywords are implemented. SQL*Plus commands are
3302 highlighted in `font-lock-doc-face'.
3304 *** Microsoft SQLServer support has been significantly improved.
3306 Keyword highlighting for SqlServer 2000 is implemented.
3307 sql-interactive-mode defaults to use osql, rather than isql, because
3308 osql flushes its error stream more frequently. Thus error messages
3309 are displayed when they occur rather than when the session is
3312 If the username and password are not provided to `sql-ms', osql is
3313 called with the `-E' command line argument to use the operating system
3314 credentials to authenticate the user.
3316 *** Postgres support is enhanced.
3317 Keyword highlighting of Postgres 7.3 is implemented. Prompting for
3318 the username and the pgsql `-U' option is added.
3320 *** MySQL support is enhanced.
3321 Keyword highlighting of MySql 4.0 is implemented.
3323 *** Imenu support has been enhanced to locate tables, views, indexes,
3324 packages, procedures, functions, triggers, sequences, rules, and
3327 *** Added SQL->Start SQLi Session menu entry which calls the
3328 appropriate `sql-interactive-mode' wrapper for the current setting of
3332 *** sql.el supports the SQLite interpreter--call 'sql-sqlite'.
3337 *** New ffap commands and keybindings:
3339 C-x C-r (`ffap-read-only'),
3340 C-x C-v (`ffap-alternate-file'), C-x C-d (`ffap-list-directory'),
3341 C-x 4 r (`ffap-read-only-other-window'), C-x 4 d (`ffap-dired-other-window'),
3342 C-x 5 r (`ffap-read-only-other-frame'), C-x 5 d (`ffap-dired-other-frame').
3345 *** FFAP accepts wildcards in a file name by default.
3347 C-x C-f passes the file name to `find-file' with non-nil WILDCARDS
3348 argument, which visits multiple files, and C-x d passes it to `dired'.
3351 ** Changes in Skeleton
3353 *** In skeleton.el, `-' marks the `skeleton-point' without interregion interaction.
3355 `@' has reverted to only setting `skeleton-positions' and no longer
3356 sets `skeleton-point'. Skeletons which used @ to mark
3357 `skeleton-point' independent of `_' should now use `-' instead. The
3358 updated `skeleton-insert' docstring explains these new features along
3359 with other details of skeleton construction.
3361 *** The variables `skeleton-transformation', `skeleton-filter', and
3362 `skeleton-pair-filter' have been renamed to
3363 `skeleton-transformation-function', `skeleton-filter-function', and
3364 `skeleton-pair-filter-function'. The old names are still available
3368 ** Hideshow mode changes
3370 *** New variable `hs-set-up-overlay' allows customization of the overlay
3371 used to effect hiding for hideshow minor mode. Integration with isearch
3372 handles the overlay property `display' specially, preserving it during
3373 temporary overlay showing in the course of an isearch operation.
3375 *** New variable `hs-allow-nesting' non-nil means that hiding a block does
3376 not discard the hidden state of any "internal" blocks; when the parent
3377 block is later shown, the internal blocks remain hidden. Default is nil.
3380 ** `hide-ifdef-mode' now uses overlays rather than selective-display
3381 to hide its text. This should be mostly transparent but slightly
3382 changes the behavior of motion commands like C-e and C-p.
3385 ** `partial-completion-mode' now handles partial completion on directory names.
3388 ** The type-break package now allows `type-break-file-name' to be nil
3389 and if so, doesn't store any data across sessions. This is handy if
3390 you don't want the `.type-break' file in your home directory or are
3391 annoyed by the need for interaction when you kill Emacs.
3394 ** `ps-print' can now print characters from the mule-unicode charsets.
3396 Printing text with characters from the mule-unicode-* sets works with
3397 `ps-print', provided that you have installed the appropriate BDF
3398 fonts. See the file INSTALL for URLs where you can find these fonts.
3401 ** New command `strokes-global-set-stroke-string'.
3402 This is like `strokes-global-set-stroke', but it allows you to bind
3403 the stroke directly to a string to insert. This is convenient for
3404 using strokes as an input method.
3406 ** Emacs server changes:
3409 *** You can have several Emacs servers on the same machine.
3411 % emacs --eval '(setq server-name "foo")' -f server-start &
3412 % emacs --eval '(setq server-name "bar")' -f server-start &
3413 % emacsclient -s foo file1
3414 % emacsclient -s bar file2
3417 *** The `emacsclient' command understands the options `--eval' and
3418 `--display' which tell Emacs respectively to evaluate the given Lisp
3419 expression and to use the given display when visiting files.
3422 *** User option `server-mode' can be used to start a server process.
3425 ** LDAP support now defaults to ldapsearch from OpenLDAP version 2.
3428 ** You can now disable pc-selection-mode after enabling it.
3430 M-x pc-selection-mode behaves like a proper minor mode, and with no
3431 argument it toggles the mode. Turning off PC-Selection mode restores
3432 the global key bindings that were replaced by turning on the mode.
3435 ** `uniquify-strip-common-suffix' tells uniquify to prefer
3436 `file|dir1' and `file|dir2' to `file|dir1/subdir' and `file|dir2/subdir'.
3439 ** Support for `magic cookie' standout modes has been removed.
3441 Emacs still works on terminals that require magic cookies in order to
3442 use standout mode, but they can no longer display mode-lines in
3446 ** The game `mpuz' is enhanced.
3448 `mpuz' now allows the 2nd factor not to have two identical digits. By
3449 default, all trivial operations involving whole lines are performed
3450 automatically. The game uses faces for better visual feedback.
3452 ** battery.el changes:
3455 *** display-battery-mode replaces display-battery.
3458 *** battery.el now works on recent versions of OS X.
3461 ** calculator.el now has radix grouping mode.
3463 To enable this, set `calculator-output-radix' non-nil. In this mode a
3464 separator character is used every few digits, making it easier to see
3465 byte boundaries etc. For more info, see the documentation of the
3466 variable `calculator-radix-grouping-mode'.
3469 ** fast-lock.el and lazy-lock.el are obsolete. Use jit-lock.el instead.
3472 ** iso-acc.el is now obsolete. Use one of the latin input methods instead.
3475 ** cplus-md.el has been deleted.
3479 *** The new function `ewoc-delete' deletes specified nodes.
3481 *** `ewoc-create' now takes optional arg NOSEP, which inhibits insertion of
3482 a newline after each pretty-printed entry and after the header and footer.
3483 This allows you to create multiple-entry ewocs on a single line and to
3484 effect "invisible" nodes by arranging for the pretty-printer to not print
3485 anything for those nodes.
3487 For example, these two sequences of expressions behave identically:
3490 (defun PP (data) (insert (format "%S" data)))
3491 (ewoc-create 'PP "start\n")
3494 (defun PP (data) (insert (format "%S\n" data)))
3495 (ewoc-create 'PP "start\n\n" "\n" t)
3500 *** By default, reverting the *Locate* buffer now just runs the last
3501 `locate' command back over again without offering to update the locate
3502 database (which normally only works if you have root privileges). If
3503 you prefer the old behavior, set the new customizable option
3504 `locate-update-when-revert' to t.
3507 * Changes in Emacs 22.1 on non-free operating systems
3510 ** The HOME directory defaults to Application Data under the user profile.
3512 If you used a previous version of Emacs without setting the HOME
3513 environment variable and a `.emacs' was saved, then Emacs will continue
3514 using C:/ as the default HOME. But if you are installing Emacs afresh,
3515 the default location will be the "Application Data" (or similar
3516 localized name) subdirectory of your user profile. A typical location
3517 of this directory is "C:\Documents and Settings\USERNAME\Application Data",
3518 where USERNAME is your user name.
3520 This change means that users can now have their own `.emacs' files on
3521 shared computers, and the default HOME directory is less likely to be
3522 read-only on computers that are administered by someone else.
3525 ** Passing resources on the command line now works on MS Windows.
3527 You can use --xrm to pass resource settings to Emacs, overriding any
3528 existing values. For example:
3530 emacs --xrm "Emacs.Background:red" --xrm "Emacs.Geometry:100x20"
3532 will start up Emacs on an initial frame of 100x20 with red background,
3533 irrespective of geometry or background setting on the Windows registry.
3536 ** On MS Windows, the "system caret" now follows the cursor.
3538 This enables Emacs to work better with programs that need to track
3539 the cursor, for example screen magnifiers and text to speech programs.
3542 ** Tooltips now work on MS Windows.
3544 See the Emacs 21.1 NEWS entry for tooltips for details.
3547 ** Images are now supported on MS Windows.
3549 PBM and XBM images are supported out of the box. Other image formats
3550 depend on external libraries. All of these libraries have been ported
3551 to Windows, and can be found in both source and binary form at
3552 http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/. Note that libpng also depends on
3553 zlib, and tiff depends on the version of jpeg that it was compiled
3554 against. For additional information, see nt/INSTALL.
3557 ** Sound is now supported on MS Windows.
3559 WAV format is supported on all versions of Windows, other formats such
3560 as AU, AIFF and MP3 may be supported in the more recent versions of
3561 Windows, or when other software provides hooks into the system level
3562 sound support for those formats.
3565 ** Different shaped mouse pointers are supported on MS Windows.
3567 The mouse pointer changes shape depending on what is under the pointer.
3570 ** Pointing devices with more than 3 buttons are now supported on MS Windows.
3572 The new variable `w32-pass-extra-mouse-buttons-to-system' controls
3573 whether Emacs should handle the extra buttons itself (the default), or
3574 pass them to Windows to be handled with system-wide functions.
3577 ** Emacs takes note of colors defined in Control Panel on MS-Windows.
3579 The Control Panel defines some default colors for applications in much
3580 the same way as wildcard X Resources do on X. Emacs now adds these
3581 colors to the colormap prefixed by System (eg SystemMenu for the
3582 default Menu background, SystemMenuText for the foreground), and uses
3583 some of them to initialize some of the default faces.
3584 `list-colors-display' shows the list of System color names, in case
3585 you wish to use them in other faces.
3588 ** On MS Windows NT/W2K/XP, Emacs uses Unicode for clipboard operations.
3590 Those systems use Unicode internally, so this allows Emacs to share
3591 multilingual text with other applications. On other versions of
3592 MS Windows, Emacs now uses the appropriate locale coding-system, so
3593 the clipboard should work correctly for your local language without
3597 ** Running in a console window in Windows now uses the console size.
3599 Previous versions of Emacs erred on the side of having a usable Emacs
3600 through telnet, even though that was inconvenient if you use Emacs in
3601 a local console window with a scrollback buffer. The default value of
3602 w32-use-full-screen-buffer is now nil, which favors local console
3603 windows. Recent versions of Windows telnet also work well with this
3604 setting. If you are using an older telnet server then Emacs detects
3605 that the console window dimensions that are reported are not sane, and
3606 defaults to 80x25. If you use such a telnet server regularly at a size
3607 other than 80x25, you can still manually set
3608 w32-use-full-screen-buffer to t.
3611 ** On Mac OS, `keyboard-coding-system' changes based on the keyboard script.
3614 ** The variable `mac-keyboard-text-encoding' and the constants
3615 `kTextEncodingMacRoman', `kTextEncodingISOLatin1', and
3616 `kTextEncodingISOLatin2' are obsolete.
3618 ** The variable `mac-command-key-is-meta' is obsolete. Use
3619 `mac-command-modifier' and `mac-option-modifier' instead.
3621 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 22.1
3623 ** The function find-operation-coding-system accepts a cons (FILENAME
3624 . BUFFER) in an argument correponding to the target.
3627 ** The variables post-command-idle-hook and post-command-idle-delay have
3628 been removed. Use run-with-idle-timer instead.
3631 ** `suppress-keymap' now works by remapping `self-insert-command' to
3632 the command `undefined'. (In earlier Emacs versions, it used
3633 `substitute-key-definition' to rebind self inserting characters to
3637 ** Mode line display ignores text properties as well as the
3638 :propertize and :eval forms in the value of a variable whose
3639 `risky-local-variable' property is nil.
3642 The function `comint-send-input' now accepts 3 optional arguments:
3644 (comint-send-input &optional no-newline artificial)
3646 Callers sending input not from the user should use bind the 3rd
3647 argument `artificial' to a non-nil value, to prevent Emacs from
3648 deleting the part of subprocess output that matches the input.
3651 ** Support for Mocklisp has been removed.
3654 ** The variable `memory-full' now remains t until
3655 there is no longer a shortage of memory.
3658 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 22.1
3660 ** General Lisp changes:
3662 *** The function `expt' handles negative exponents differently.
3663 The value for `(expt A B)', if both A and B are integers and B is
3664 negative, is now a float. For example: (expt 2 -2) => 0.25.
3667 *** The function `eql' is now available without requiring the CL package.
3670 *** `makehash' is now obsolete. Use `make-hash-table' instead.
3673 *** `add-to-list' takes an optional third argument, APPEND.
3675 If APPEND is non-nil, the new element gets added at the end of the
3676 list instead of at the beginning. This change actually occurred in
3677 Emacs 21.1, but was not documented then.
3680 *** New function `add-to-ordered-list' is like `add-to-list' but
3681 associates a numeric ordering of each element added to the list.
3684 *** New function `copy-tree' makes a copy of a tree.
3686 It recursively copies through both CARs and CDRs.
3689 *** New function `delete-dups' deletes `equal' duplicate elements from a list.
3691 It modifies the list destructively, like `delete'. Of several `equal'
3692 occurrences of an element in the list, the one that's kept is the
3696 *** New function `add-to-history' adds an element to a history list.
3698 Lisp packages should use this function to add elements to their
3701 If `history-delete-duplicates' is non-nil, it removes duplicates of
3702 the new element from the history list it updates.
3705 *** New function `rassq-delete-all'.
3707 (rassq-delete-all VALUE ALIST) deletes, from ALIST, each element whose
3708 CDR is `eq' to the specified value.
3711 *** The function `number-sequence' makes a list of equally-separated numbers.
3713 For instance, (number-sequence 4 9) returns (4 5 6 7 8 9). By
3714 default, the separation is 1, but you can specify a different
3715 separation as the third argument. (number-sequence 1.5 6 2) returns
3719 *** New variables `most-positive-fixnum' and `most-negative-fixnum'.
3721 They hold the largest and smallest possible integer values.
3724 *** Minor change in the function `format'.
3726 Some flags that were accepted but not implemented (such as "*") are no
3730 *** Functions `get' and `plist-get' no longer give errors for bad plists.
3732 They return nil for a malformed property list or if the list is
3736 *** New functions `lax-plist-get' and `lax-plist-put'.
3738 They are like `plist-get' and `plist-put', except that they compare
3739 the property name using `equal' rather than `eq'.
3742 *** New variable `print-continuous-numbering'.
3744 When this is non-nil, successive calls to print functions use a single
3745 numbering scheme for circular structure references. This is only
3746 relevant when `print-circle' is non-nil.
3748 When you bind `print-continuous-numbering' to t, you should
3749 also bind `print-number-table' to nil.
3752 *** New function `macroexpand-all' expands all macros in a form.
3754 It is similar to the Common-Lisp function of the same name.
3755 One difference is that it guarantees to return the original argument
3756 if no expansion is done, which can be tested using `eq'.
3759 *** The function `atan' now accepts an optional second argument.
3761 When called with 2 arguments, as in `(atan Y X)', `atan' returns the
3762 angle in radians between the vector [X, Y] and the X axis. (This is
3763 equivalent to the standard C library function `atan2'.)
3766 *** A function or macro's doc string can now specify the calling pattern.
3768 You put this info in the doc string's last line. It should be
3769 formatted so as to match the regexp "\n\n(fn .*)\\'". If you don't
3770 specify this explicitly, Emacs determines it from the actual argument
3771 names. Usually that default is right, but not always.
3774 *** New macro `with-local-quit' temporarily allows quitting.
3776 A quit inside the body of `with-local-quit' is caught by the
3777 `with-local-quit' form itself, but another quit will happen later once
3778 the code that has inhibited quitting exits.
3780 This is for use around potentially blocking or long-running code
3781 inside timer functions and `post-command-hook' functions.
3784 *** New macro `define-obsolete-function-alias'.
3786 This combines `defalias' and `make-obsolete'.
3789 *** New function `unsafep' determines whether a Lisp form is safe.
3791 It returns nil if the given Lisp form can't possibly do anything
3792 dangerous; otherwise it returns a reason why the form might be unsafe
3793 (calls unknown function, alters global variable, etc.).
3796 *** New macro `eval-at-startup' specifies expressions to
3797 evaluate when Emacs starts up. If this is done after startup,
3798 it evaluates those expressions immediately.
3800 This is useful in packages that can be preloaded.
3802 *** `list-faces-display' takes an optional argument, REGEXP.
3804 If it is non-nil, the function lists only faces matching this regexp.
3807 *** New functions `string-or-null-p' and `booleanp'.
3809 `string-or-null-p' returns non-nil iff OBJECT is a string or nil.
3810 `booleanp' returns non-nil iff OBJECT is a t or nil.
3812 ** Lisp code indentation features:
3815 *** The `defmacro' form can contain indentation and edebug declarations.
3817 These declarations specify how to indent the macro calls in Lisp mode
3818 and how to debug them with Edebug. You write them like this:
3820 (defmacro NAME LAMBDA-LIST [DOC-STRING] [DECLARATION ...] ...)
3822 DECLARATION is a list `(declare DECLARATION-SPECIFIER ...)'. The
3823 possible declaration specifiers are:
3826 Set NAME's `lisp-indent-function' property to INDENT.
3829 Set NAME's `edebug-form-spec' property to DEBUG. (This is
3830 equivalent to writing a `def-edebug-spec' for the macro,
3831 but this is cleaner.)
3834 *** cl-indent now allows customization of Indentation of backquoted forms.
3836 See the new user option `lisp-backquote-indentation'.
3839 *** cl-indent now handles indentation of simple and extended `loop' forms.
3841 The new user options `lisp-loop-keyword-indentation',
3842 `lisp-loop-forms-indentation', and `lisp-simple-loop-indentation' can
3843 be used to customize the indentation of keywords and forms in loop
3847 ** Variable aliases:
3849 *** New function: defvaralias ALIAS-VAR BASE-VAR [DOCSTRING]
3851 This function defines the symbol ALIAS-VAR as a variable alias for
3852 symbol BASE-VAR. This means that retrieving the value of ALIAS-VAR
3853 returns the value of BASE-VAR, and changing the value of ALIAS-VAR
3854 changes the value of BASE-VAR.
3856 DOCSTRING, if present, is the documentation for ALIAS-VAR; else it has
3857 the same documentation as BASE-VAR.
3859 *** New function: indirect-variable VARIABLE
3861 This function returns the variable at the end of the chain of aliases
3862 of VARIABLE. If VARIABLE is not a symbol, or if VARIABLE is not
3863 defined as an alias, the function returns VARIABLE.
3865 It might be noteworthy that variables aliases work for all kinds of
3866 variables, including buffer-local and frame-local variables.
3869 *** The macro `define-obsolete-variable-alias' combines `defvaralias' and
3870 `make-obsolete-variable'.
3872 ** defcustom changes:
3875 *** The package-version keyword has been added to provide
3876 `customize-changed-options' functionality to packages in the future.
3877 Developers who make use of this keyword must also update the new
3878 variable `customize-package-emacs-version-alist'.
3881 *** The new customization type `float' requires a floating point number.
3886 *** The escape sequence \s is now interpreted as a SPACE character.
3888 Exception: In a character constant, if it is followed by a `-' in a
3889 character constant (e.g. ?\s-A), it is still interpreted as the super
3890 modifier. In strings, \s is always interpreted as a space.
3893 *** A hex escape in a string constant forces the string to be multibyte.
3896 *** An octal escape in a string constant forces the string to be unibyte.
3899 *** `split-string' now includes null substrings in the returned list if
3900 the optional argument SEPARATORS is non-nil and there are matches for
3901 SEPARATORS at the beginning or end of the string. If SEPARATORS is
3902 nil, or if the new optional third argument OMIT-NULLS is non-nil, all
3903 empty matches are omitted from the returned list.
3906 *** New function `string-to-multibyte' converts a unibyte string to a
3907 multibyte string with the same individual character codes.
3910 *** New function `substring-no-properties' returns a substring without
3914 *** The new function `assoc-string' replaces `assoc-ignore-case' and
3915 `assoc-ignore-representation', which are still available, but have
3916 been declared obsolete.
3919 *** New syntax: \uXXXX and \UXXXXXXXX specify Unicode code points in hex.
3920 Use "\u0428" to specify a string consisting of CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SHA,
3921 or "\U0001D6E2" to specify one consisting of MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL
3922 ALPHA (the latter is greater than #xFFFF and thus needs the longer
3923 syntax). Also available for characters.
3926 ** Displaying warnings to the user.
3928 See the functions `warn' and `display-warning', or the Lisp Manual.
3929 If you want to be sure the warning will not be overlooked, this
3930 facility is much better than using `message', since it displays
3931 warnings in a separate window.
3934 ** Progress reporters.
3936 These provide a simple and uniform way for commands to present
3937 progress messages for the user.
3939 See the new functions `make-progress-reporter',
3940 `progress-reporter-update', `progress-reporter-force-update',
3941 `progress-reporter-done', and `dotimes-with-progress-reporter'.
3943 ** Buffer positions:
3946 *** Function `compute-motion' now calculates the usable window
3947 width if the WIDTH argument is nil. If the TOPOS argument is nil,
3948 the usable window height and width is used.
3951 *** The `line-move', `scroll-up', and `scroll-down' functions will now
3952 modify the window vscroll to scroll through display rows that are
3953 taller that the height of the window, for example in the presence of
3954 large images. To disable this feature, bind the new variable
3955 `auto-window-vscroll' to nil.
3958 *** The argument to `forward-word', `backward-word' is optional.
3963 *** Argument to `forward-to-indentation' and `backward-to-indentation' is optional.
3968 *** New function `mouse-on-link-p' tests if a position is in a clickable link.
3970 This is the function used by the new `mouse-1-click-follows-link'
3974 *** New function `line-number-at-pos' returns the line number of a position.
3976 It an optional buffer position argument that defaults to point.
3979 *** `field-beginning' and `field-end' take new optional argument, LIMIT.
3981 This argument tells them not to search beyond LIMIT. Instead they
3982 give up and return LIMIT.
3985 *** Function `pos-visible-in-window-p' now returns the pixel coordinates
3986 and partial visibility state of the corresponding row, if the PARTIALLY
3990 *** New functions `posn-at-point' and `posn-at-x-y' return
3991 click-event-style position information for a given visible buffer
3992 position or for a given window pixel coordinate.
3994 ** Text modification:
3997 *** The new function `insert-for-yank' normally works like `insert', but
3998 removes the text properties in the `yank-excluded-properties' list
3999 and handles the `yank-handler' text property.
4002 *** The new function `insert-buffer-substring-as-yank' is like
4003 `insert-for-yank' except that it gets the text from another buffer as
4004 in `insert-buffer-substring'.
4007 *** The new function `insert-buffer-substring-no-properties' is like
4008 `insert-buffer-substring', but removes all text properties from the
4012 *** The new function `filter-buffer-substring' extracts a buffer
4013 substring, passes it through a set of filter functions, and returns
4014 the filtered substring. Use it instead of `buffer-substring' or
4015 `delete-and-extract-region' when copying text into a user-accessible
4016 data structure, such as the kill-ring, X clipboard, or a register.
4018 The list of filter function is specified by the new variable
4019 `buffer-substring-filters'. For example, Longlines mode adds to
4020 `buffer-substring-filters' to remove soft newlines from the copied
4024 *** Function `translate-region' accepts also a char-table as TABLE
4028 *** The new translation table `translation-table-for-input'
4029 is used for customizing self-insertion. The character to
4030 be inserted is translated through it.
4035 The new function `text-clone-create'. Text clones are chunks of text
4036 that are kept identical by transparently propagating changes from one
4040 *** The function `insert-string' is now obsolete.
4045 *** In determining an adaptive fill prefix, Emacs now tries the function in
4046 `adaptive-fill-function' _before_ matching the buffer line against
4047 `adaptive-fill-regexp' rather than _after_ it.
4050 ** Atomic change groups.
4052 To perform some changes in the current buffer "atomically" so that
4053 they either all succeed or are all undone, use `atomic-change-group'
4054 around the code that makes changes. For instance:
4056 (atomic-change-group
4058 (delete-region x y))
4060 If an error (or other nonlocal exit) occurs inside the body of
4061 `atomic-change-group', it unmakes all the changes in that buffer that
4062 were during the execution of the body. The change group has no effect
4063 on any other buffers--any such changes remain.
4065 If you need something more sophisticated, you can directly call the
4066 lower-level functions that `atomic-change-group' uses. Here is how.
4068 To set up a change group for one buffer, call `prepare-change-group'.
4069 Specify the buffer as argument; it defaults to the current buffer.
4070 This function returns a "handle" for the change group. You must save
4071 the handle to activate the change group and then finish it.
4073 Before you change the buffer again, you must activate the change
4074 group. Pass the handle to `activate-change-group' afterward to
4077 After you make the changes, you must finish the change group. You can
4078 either accept the changes or cancel them all. Call
4079 `accept-change-group' to accept the changes in the group as final;
4080 call `cancel-change-group' to undo them all.
4082 You should use `unwind-protect' to make sure the group is always
4083 finished. The call to `activate-change-group' should be inside the
4084 `unwind-protect', in case the user types C-g just after it runs.
4085 (This is one reason why `prepare-change-group' and
4086 `activate-change-group' are separate functions.) Once you finish the
4087 group, don't use the handle again--don't try to finish the same group
4090 To make a multibuffer change group, call `prepare-change-group' once
4091 for each buffer you want to cover, then use `nconc' to combine the
4092 returned values, like this:
4094 (nconc (prepare-change-group buffer-1)
4095 (prepare-change-group buffer-2))
4097 You can then activate the multibuffer change group with a single call
4098 to `activate-change-group', and finish it with a single call to
4099 `accept-change-group' or `cancel-change-group'.
4101 Nested use of several change groups for the same buffer works as you
4102 would expect. Non-nested use of change groups for the same buffer
4103 will lead to undesirable results, so don't let it happen; the first
4104 change group you start for any given buffer should be the last one
4107 ** Buffer-related changes:
4110 *** `list-buffers-noselect' now takes an additional argument, BUFFER-LIST.
4112 If it is non-nil, it specifies which buffers to list.
4115 *** `kill-buffer-hook' is now a permanent local.
4118 *** The new function `buffer-local-value' returns the buffer-local
4119 binding of VARIABLE (a symbol) in buffer BUFFER. If VARIABLE does not
4120 have a buffer-local binding in buffer BUFFER, it returns the default
4121 value of VARIABLE instead.
4123 *** The function `frame-or-buffer-changed-p' now lets you maintain
4124 various status records in parallel.
4126 It takes a variable (a symbol) as argument. If the variable is non-nil,
4127 then its value should be a vector installed previously by
4128 `frame-or-buffer-changed-p'. If the frame names, buffer names, buffer
4129 order, or their read-only or modified flags have changed, since the
4130 time the vector's contents were recorded by a previous call to
4131 `frame-or-buffer-changed-p', then the function returns t. Otherwise
4134 On the first call to `frame-or-buffer-changed-p', the variable's
4135 value should be nil. `frame-or-buffer-changed-p' stores a suitable
4136 vector into the variable and returns t.
4138 If the variable is itself nil, then `frame-or-buffer-changed-p' uses,
4139 for compatibility, an internal variable which exists only for this
4143 *** The function `read-buffer' follows the convention for reading from
4144 the minibuffer with a default value: if DEF is non-nil, the minibuffer
4145 prompt provided in PROMPT is edited to show the default value provided
4146 in DEF before the terminal colon and space.
4148 ** Searching and matching changes:
4151 *** New function `looking-back' checks whether a regular expression matches
4152 the text before point. Specifying the LIMIT argument bounds how far
4153 back the match can start; this is a way to keep it from taking too long.
4156 *** The new variable `search-spaces-regexp' controls how to search
4157 for spaces in a regular expression. If it is non-nil, it should be a
4158 regular expression, and any series of spaces stands for that regular
4159 expression. If it is nil, spaces stand for themselves.
4161 Spaces inside of constructs such as `[..]' and inside loops such as
4162 `*', `+', and `?' are never replaced with `search-spaces-regexp'.
4165 *** New regular expression operators, `\_<' and `\_>'.
4167 These match the beginning and end of a symbol. A symbol is a
4168 non-empty sequence of either word or symbol constituent characters, as
4169 specified by the syntax table.
4172 *** rx.el has new corresponding `symbol-end' and `symbol-start' elements.
4175 *** `skip-chars-forward' and `skip-chars-backward' now handle
4176 character classes such as `[:alpha:]', along with individual
4177 characters and ranges.
4180 *** In `replace-match', the replacement text no longer inherits
4181 properties from surrounding text.
4184 *** The list returned by `(match-data t)' now has the buffer as a final
4185 element, if the last match was on a buffer. `set-match-data'
4186 accepts such a list for restoring the match state.
4189 *** Functions `match-data' and `set-match-data' now have an optional
4190 argument `reseat'. When non-nil, all markers in the match data list
4191 passed to these functions will be reseated to point to nowhere.
4194 *** The default value of `sentence-end' is now defined using the new
4195 variable `sentence-end-without-space', which contains such characters
4196 that end a sentence without following spaces.
4198 The function `sentence-end' should be used to obtain the value of the
4199 variable `sentence-end'. If the variable `sentence-end' is nil, then
4200 this function returns the regexp constructed from the variables
4201 `sentence-end-without-period', `sentence-end-double-space' and
4202 `sentence-end-without-space'.
4207 *** `buffer-undo-list' can allows programmable elements.
4209 These elements have the form (apply FUNNAME . ARGS), where FUNNAME is
4210 a symbol other than t or nil. That stands for a high-level change
4211 that should be undone by evaluating (apply FUNNAME ARGS).
4213 These entries can also have the form (apply DELTA BEG END FUNNAME . ARGS)
4214 which indicates that the change which took place was limited to the
4215 range BEG...END and increased the buffer size by DELTA.
4218 *** If the buffer's undo list for the current command gets longer than
4219 `undo-outer-limit', garbage collection empties it. This is to prevent
4220 it from using up the available memory and choking Emacs.
4223 ** New `yank-handler' text property can be used to control how
4224 previously killed text on the kill ring is reinserted.
4226 The value of the `yank-handler' property must be a list with one to four
4227 elements with the following format:
4228 (FUNCTION PARAM NOEXCLUDE UNDO).
4230 The `insert-for-yank' function looks for a yank-handler property on
4231 the first character on its string argument (typically the first
4232 element on the kill-ring). If a `yank-handler' property is found,
4233 the normal behavior of `insert-for-yank' is modified in various ways:
4235 When FUNCTION is present and non-nil, it is called instead of `insert'
4236 to insert the string. FUNCTION takes one argument--the object to insert.
4237 If PARAM is present and non-nil, it replaces STRING as the object
4238 passed to FUNCTION (or `insert'); for example, if FUNCTION is
4239 `yank-rectangle', PARAM should be a list of strings to insert as a
4241 If NOEXCLUDE is present and non-nil, the normal removal of the
4242 `yank-excluded-properties' is not performed; instead FUNCTION is
4243 responsible for removing those properties. This may be necessary
4244 if FUNCTION adjusts point before or after inserting the object.
4245 If UNDO is present and non-nil, it is a function that will be called
4246 by `yank-pop' to undo the insertion of the current object. It is
4247 called with two arguments, the start and end of the current region.
4248 FUNCTION can set `yank-undo-function' to override the UNDO value.
4250 *** The functions `kill-new', `kill-append', and `kill-region' now have an
4251 optional argument to specify the `yank-handler' text property to put on
4254 *** The function `yank-pop' will now use a non-nil value of the variable
4255 `yank-undo-function' (instead of `delete-region') to undo the previous
4256 `yank' or `yank-pop' command (or a call to `insert-for-yank'). The function
4257 `insert-for-yank' automatically sets that variable according to the UNDO
4258 element of the string argument's `yank-handler' text property if present.
4260 *** The function `insert-for-yank' now supports strings where the
4261 `yank-handler' property does not span the first character of the
4262 string. The old behavior is available if you call
4263 `insert-for-yank-1' instead.
4265 ** Syntax table changes:
4268 *** The macro `with-syntax-table' no longer copies the syntax table.
4271 *** The new function `syntax-after' returns the syntax code
4272 of the character after a specified buffer position, taking account
4273 of text properties as well as the character code.
4276 *** `syntax-class' extracts the class of a syntax code (as returned
4280 *** The new function `syntax-ppss' provides an efficient way to find the
4281 current syntactic context at point.
4283 ** File operation changes:
4286 *** New vars `exec-suffixes' and `load-suffixes' used when
4287 searching for an executable or an Emacs Lisp file.
4290 *** The new primitive `set-file-times' sets a file's access and
4291 modification times. Magic file name handlers can handle this
4295 *** The new function `file-remote-p' tests a file name and returns
4296 non-nil if it specifies a remote file (one that Emacs accesses using
4297 its own special methods and not directly through the file system).
4298 The value in that case is an identifier for the remote file system.
4301 *** `buffer-auto-save-file-format' is the new name for what was
4302 formerly called `auto-save-file-format'. It is now a permanent local.
4305 *** Functions `file-name-sans-extension' and `file-name-extension' now
4306 ignore the leading dots in file names, so that file names such as
4307 `.emacs' are treated as extensionless.
4310 *** `visited-file-modtime' and `calendar-time-from-absolute' now return
4311 a list of two integers, instead of a cons.
4314 *** `file-chase-links' now takes an optional second argument LIMIT which
4315 specifies the maximum number of links to chase through. If after that
4316 many iterations the file name obtained is still a symbolic link,
4317 `file-chase-links' returns it anyway.
4320 *** The new hook `before-save-hook' is invoked by `basic-save-buffer'
4321 before saving buffers. This allows packages to perform various final
4322 tasks. For example, it can be used by the copyright package to make
4323 sure saved files have the current year in any copyright headers.
4326 *** If `buffer-save-without-query' is non-nil in some buffer,
4327 `save-some-buffers' will always save that buffer without asking (if
4331 *** New function `locate-file' searches for a file in a list of directories.
4332 `locate-file' accepts a name of a file to search (a string), and two
4333 lists: a list of directories to search in and a list of suffixes to
4334 try; typical usage might use `exec-path' and `load-path' for the list
4335 of directories, and `exec-suffixes' and `load-suffixes' for the list
4336 of suffixes. The function also accepts a predicate argument to
4337 further filter candidate files.
4339 One advantage of using this function is that the list of suffixes in
4340 `exec-suffixes' is OS-dependant, so this function will find
4341 executables without polluting Lisp code with OS dependencies.
4344 *** The precedence of file name handlers has been changed.
4346 Instead of choosing the first handler that matches,
4347 `find-file-name-handler' now gives precedence to a file name handler
4348 that matches nearest the end of the file name. More precisely, the
4349 handler whose (match-beginning 0) is the largest is chosen. In case
4350 of ties, the old "first matched" rule applies.
4353 *** A file name handler can declare which operations it handles.
4355 You do this by putting an `operation' property on the handler name
4356 symbol. The property value should be a list of the operations that
4357 the handler really handles. It won't be called for any other
4360 This is useful for autoloaded handlers, to prevent them from being
4361 autoloaded when not really necessary.
4364 *** The function `make-auto-save-file-name' is now handled by file
4365 name handlers. This will be exploited for remote files mainly.
4370 *** An interactive specification can now use the code letter 'U' to get
4371 the up-event that was discarded in case the last key sequence read for a
4372 previous `k' or `K' argument was a down-event; otherwise nil is used.
4375 *** The new interactive-specification `G' reads a file name
4376 much like `F', but if the input is a directory name (even defaulted),
4377 it returns just the directory name.
4380 *** Functions `y-or-n-p', `read-char', `read-key-sequence' and the like, that
4381 display a prompt but don't use the minibuffer, now display the prompt
4382 using the text properties (esp. the face) of the prompt string.
4385 *** (while-no-input BODY...) runs BODY, but only so long as no input
4386 arrives. If the user types or clicks anything, BODY stops as if a
4387 quit had occurred. `while-no-input' returns the value of BODY, if BODY
4388 finishes. It returns nil if BODY was aborted by a quit, and t if
4389 BODY was aborted by arrival of input.
4391 ** Minibuffer changes:
4394 *** The new function `minibufferp' returns non-nil if its optional
4395 buffer argument is a minibuffer. If the argument is omitted, it
4396 defaults to the current buffer.
4399 *** New function `minibuffer-selected-window' returns the window which
4400 was selected when entering the minibuffer.
4403 *** The `read-file-name' function now takes an additional argument which
4404 specifies a predicate which the file name read must satisfy. The
4405 new variable `read-file-name-predicate' contains the predicate argument
4406 while reading the file name from the minibuffer; the predicate in this
4407 variable is used by read-file-name-internal to filter the completion list.
4410 *** The new variable `read-file-name-function' can be used by Lisp code
4411 to override the built-in `read-file-name' function.
4414 *** The new variable `read-file-name-completion-ignore-case' specifies
4415 whether completion ignores case when reading a file name with the
4416 `read-file-name' function.
4419 *** The new function `read-directory-name' is for reading a directory name.
4421 It is like `read-file-name' except that the defaulting works better
4422 for directories, and completion inside it shows only directories.
4425 *** The new variable `history-add-new-input' specifies whether to add new
4426 elements in history. If set to nil, minibuffer reading functions don't
4427 add new elements to the history list, so it is possible to do this
4428 afterwards by calling `add-to-history' explicitly.
4430 ** Completion changes:
4433 *** The new function `minibuffer-completion-contents' returns the contents
4434 of the minibuffer just before point. That is what completion commands
4438 *** The functions `all-completions' and `try-completion' now accept lists
4439 of strings as well as hash-tables additionally to alists, obarrays
4440 and functions. Furthermore, the function `test-completion' is now
4441 exported to Lisp. The keys in alists and hash tables can be either
4442 strings or symbols, which are automatically converted with to strings.
4445 *** The new macro `dynamic-completion-table' supports using functions
4446 as a dynamic completion table.
4448 (dynamic-completion-table FUN)
4450 FUN is called with one argument, the string for which completion is required,
4451 and it should return an alist containing all the intended possible
4452 completions. This alist can be a full list of possible completions so that FUN
4453 can ignore the value of its argument. If completion is performed in the
4454 minibuffer, FUN will be called in the buffer from which the minibuffer was
4455 entered. `dynamic-completion-table' then computes the completion.
4458 *** The new macro `lazy-completion-table' initializes a variable
4459 as a lazy completion table.
4461 (lazy-completion-table VAR FUN)
4463 If the completion table VAR is used for the first time (e.g., by passing VAR
4464 as an argument to `try-completion'), the function FUN is called with no
4465 arguments. FUN must return the completion table that will be stored in VAR.
4466 If completion is requested in the minibuffer, FUN will be called in the buffer
4467 from which the minibuffer was entered. The return value of
4468 `lazy-completion-table' must be used to initialize the value of VAR.
4471 ** Enhancements to keymaps.
4473 *** New keymaps for typing file names
4475 Two new keymaps, `minibuffer-local-filename-completion-map' and
4476 `minibuffer-local-must-match-filename-map', apply whenever
4477 Emacs reads a file name in the minibuffer. These key maps override
4478 the usual binding of SPC to `minibuffer-complete-word' (so that file
4479 names with embedded spaces could be typed without the need to quote
4482 *** Cleaner way to enter key sequences.
4484 You can enter a constant key sequence in a more natural format, the
4485 same one used for saving keyboard macros, using the macro `kbd'. For
4488 (kbd "C-x C-f") => "\^x\^f"
4490 *** Interactive commands can be remapped through keymaps.
4492 This is an alternative to using `defadvice' or `substitute-key-definition'
4493 to modify the behavior of a key binding using the normal keymap
4494 binding and lookup functionality.
4496 When a key sequence is bound to a command, and that command is
4497 remapped to another command, that command is run instead of the
4501 Suppose that minor mode `my-mode' has defined the commands
4502 `my-kill-line' and `my-kill-word', and it wants C-k (and any other key
4503 bound to `kill-line') to run the command `my-kill-line' instead of
4504 `kill-line', and likewise it wants to run `my-kill-word' instead of
4507 Instead of rebinding C-k and the other keys in the minor mode map,
4508 command remapping allows you to directly map `kill-line' into
4509 `my-kill-line' and `kill-word' into `my-kill-word' using `define-key':
4511 (define-key my-mode-map [remap kill-line] 'my-kill-line)
4512 (define-key my-mode-map [remap kill-word] 'my-kill-word)
4514 When `my-mode' is enabled, its minor mode keymap is enabled too. So
4515 when the user types C-k, that runs the command `my-kill-line'.
4517 Only one level of remapping is supported. In the above example, this
4518 means that if `my-kill-line' is remapped to `other-kill', then C-k still
4519 runs `my-kill-line'.
4521 The following changes have been made to provide command remapping:
4523 - Command remappings are defined using `define-key' with a prefix-key
4524 `remap', i.e. `(define-key MAP [remap CMD] DEF)' remaps command CMD
4525 to definition DEF in keymap MAP. The definition is not limited to
4526 another command; it can be anything accepted for a normal binding.
4528 - The new function `command-remapping' returns the binding for a
4529 remapped command in the current keymaps, or nil if not remapped.
4531 - `key-binding' now remaps interactive commands unless the optional
4532 third argument NO-REMAP is non-nil.
4534 - `where-is-internal' now returns nil for a remapped command (e.g.
4535 `kill-line', when `my-mode' is enabled), and the actual key binding for
4536 the command it is remapped to (e.g. C-k for my-kill-line).
4537 It also has a new optional fifth argument, NO-REMAP, which inhibits
4538 remapping if non-nil (e.g. it returns "C-k" for `kill-line', and
4539 "<kill-line>" for `my-kill-line').
4541 - The new variable `this-original-command' contains the original
4542 command before remapping. It is equal to `this-command' when the
4543 command was not remapped.
4545 *** If text has a `keymap' property, that keymap takes precedence
4546 over minor mode keymaps.
4548 *** The `keymap' property now also works at the ends of overlays and
4549 text properties, according to their stickiness. This also means that it
4550 works with empty overlays. The same hold for the `local-map' property.
4552 *** Dense keymaps now handle inheritance correctly.
4554 Previously a dense keymap would hide all of the simple-char key
4555 bindings of the parent keymap.
4557 *** `define-key-after' now accepts keys longer than 1.
4559 *** New function `current-active-maps' returns a list of currently
4562 *** New function `describe-buffer-bindings' inserts the list of all
4563 defined keys and their definitions.
4565 *** New function `keymap-prompt' returns the prompt string of a keymap.
4567 *** (map-keymap FUNCTION KEYMAP) applies the function to each binding
4570 *** New variable `emulation-mode-map-alists'.
4572 Lisp packages using many minor mode keymaps can now maintain their own
4573 keymap alist separate from `minor-mode-map-alist' by adding their
4574 keymap alist to this list.
4579 *** The new function `copy-abbrev-table' copies an abbrev table.
4581 It returns a new abbrev table that is a copy of a given abbrev table.
4584 *** `define-abbrev' now accepts an optional argument SYSTEM-FLAG.
4586 If non-nil, this marks the abbrev as a "system" abbrev, which means
4587 that it won't be stored in the user's abbrevs file if he saves the
4588 abbrevs. Major modes that predefine some abbrevs should always
4592 ** Enhancements to process support
4594 *** Function `list-processes' now has an optional argument; if non-nil,
4595 it lists only the processes whose query-on-exit flag is set.
4597 *** New fns `set-process-query-on-exit-flag' and `process-query-on-exit-flag'.
4599 These replace the old function `process-kill-without-query'. That
4600 function is still supported, but new code should use the new
4603 *** Function `signal-process' now accepts a process object or process
4604 name in addition to a process id to identify the signaled process.
4606 *** Processes now have an associated property list where programs can
4607 maintain process state and other per-process related information.
4609 Use the new functions `process-get' and `process-put' to access, add,
4610 and modify elements on this property list. Use the new functions
4611 `process-plist' and `set-process-plist' to access and replace the
4612 entire property list of a process.
4614 *** Function `accept-process-output' has a new optional fourth arg
4615 JUST-THIS-ONE. If non-nil, only output from the specified process
4616 is handled, suspending output from other processes. If value is an
4617 integer, also inhibit running timers. This feature is generally not
4618 recommended, but may be necessary for specific applications, such as
4621 *** Adaptive read buffering of subprocess output.
4623 On some systems, when emacs reads the output from a subprocess, the
4624 output data is read in very small blocks, potentially resulting in
4625 very poor performance. This behavior can be remedied to some extent
4626 by setting the new variable `process-adaptive-read-buffering' to a
4627 non-nil value (the default), as it will automatically delay reading
4628 from such processes, allowing them to produce more output before
4629 emacs tries to read it.
4631 *** The new function `call-process-shell-command'.
4633 This executes a shell command synchronously in a separate process.
4635 *** The new function `process-file' is similar to `call-process', but
4636 obeys file handlers. The file handler is chosen based on
4637 `default-directory'.
4639 *** A process filter function gets the output as multibyte string
4640 if the process specifies t for its filter's multibyteness.
4642 That multibyteness is decided by the value of
4643 `default-enable-multibyte-characters' when the process is created, and
4644 you can change it later with `set-process-filter-multibyte'.
4646 *** The new function `set-process-filter-multibyte' sets the
4647 multibyteness of the strings passed to the process's filter.
4649 *** The new function `process-filter-multibyte-p' returns the
4650 multibyteness of the strings passed to the process's filter.
4652 *** If a process's coding system is `raw-text' or `no-conversion' and its
4653 buffer is multibyte, the output of the process is at first converted
4654 to multibyte by `string-to-multibyte' then inserted in the buffer.
4655 Previously, it was converted to multibyte by `string-as-multibyte',
4656 which was not compatible with the behavior of file reading.
4659 ** Enhanced networking support.
4661 *** The new `make-network-process' function makes network connections.
4662 It allows opening of stream and datagram connections to a server, as well as
4663 create a stream or datagram server inside emacs.
4665 - A server is started using :server t arg.
4666 - Datagram connection is selected using :type 'datagram arg.
4667 - A server can open on a random port using :service t arg.
4668 - Local sockets are supported using :family 'local arg.
4669 - IPv6 is supported (when available). You may explicitly select IPv6
4670 using :family 'ipv6 arg.
4671 - Non-blocking connect is supported using :nowait t arg.
4672 - The process' property list can be initialized using :plist PLIST arg;
4673 a copy of the server process' property list is automatically inherited
4674 by new client processes created to handle incoming connections.
4676 To test for the availability of a given feature, use featurep like this:
4677 (featurep 'make-network-process '(:type datagram))
4678 (featurep 'make-network-process '(:family ipv6))
4680 *** The old `open-network-stream' now uses `make-network-process'.
4682 *** New functions `process-datagram-address', `set-process-datagram-address'.
4684 These functions are used with datagram-based network processes to get
4685 and set the current address of the remote partner.
4687 *** New function `format-network-address'.
4689 This function reformats the Lisp representation of a network address
4690 to a printable string. For example, an IP address A.B.C.D and port
4691 number P is represented as a five element vector [A B C D P], and the
4692 printable string returned for this vector is "A.B.C.D:P". See the doc
4693 string for other formatting options.
4695 *** `process-contact' has an optional KEY argument.
4697 Depending on this argument, you can get the complete list of network
4698 process properties or a specific property. Using :local or :remote as
4699 the KEY, you get the address of the local or remote end-point.
4701 An Inet address is represented as a 5 element vector, where the first
4702 4 elements contain the IP address and the fifth is the port number.
4704 *** New functions `stop-process' and `continue-process'.
4706 These functions stop and restart communication through a network
4707 connection. For a server process, no connections are accepted in the
4708 stopped state. For a client process, no input is received in the
4711 *** New function `network-interface-list'.
4713 This function returns a list of network interface names and their
4714 current network addresses.
4716 *** New function `network-interface-info'.
4718 This function returns the network address, hardware address, current
4719 status, and other information about a specific network interface.
4721 *** Deleting a network process with `delete-process' calls the sentinel.
4723 The status message passed to the sentinel for a deleted network
4724 process is "deleted". The message passed to the sentinel when the
4725 connection is closed by the remote peer has been changed to
4726 "connection broken by remote peer".
4728 ** Using window objects:
4731 *** New function `window-body-height'.
4733 This is like `window-height' but does not count the mode line or the
4737 *** You can now make a window as short as one line.
4739 A window that is just one line tall does not display either a mode
4740 line or a header line, even if the variables `mode-line-format' and
4741 `header-line-format' call for them. A window that is two lines tall
4742 cannot display both a mode line and a header line at once; if the
4743 variables call for both, only the mode line actually appears.
4746 *** The new function `window-inside-edges' returns the edges of the
4747 actual text portion of the window, not including the scroll bar or
4748 divider line, the fringes, the display margins, the header line and
4752 *** The new functions `window-pixel-edges' and `window-inside-pixel-edges'
4753 return window edges in units of pixels, rather than columns and lines.
4756 *** The new macro `with-selected-window' temporarily switches the
4757 selected window without impacting the order of `buffer-list'.
4758 It saves and restores the current buffer, too.
4761 *** `select-window' takes an optional second argument NORECORD.
4763 This is like `switch-to-buffer'.
4766 *** `save-selected-window' now saves and restores the selected window
4767 of every frame. This way, it restores everything that can be changed
4768 by calling `select-window'. It also saves and restores the current
4772 *** `set-window-buffer' has an optional argument KEEP-MARGINS.
4774 If non-nil, that says to preserve the window's current margin, fringe,
4775 and scroll-bar settings.
4778 *** The new function `window-tree' returns a frame's window tree.
4781 *** The functions `get-lru-window' and `get-largest-window' take an optional
4782 argument `dedicated'. If non-nil, those functions do not ignore
4786 *** The new function `adjust-window-trailing-edge' moves the right
4787 or bottom edge of a window. It does not move other window edges.
4790 ** Customizable fringe bitmaps
4792 *** New buffer-local variables `fringe-indicator-alist' and
4793 `fringe-cursor-alist' maps between logical (internal) fringe indicator
4794 and cursor symbols and the actual fringe bitmaps to be displayed.
4795 This decouples the logical meaning of the fringe indicators from the
4796 physical appearance, as well as allowing different fringe bitmaps to
4797 be used in different windows showing different buffers.
4799 *** New function `define-fringe-bitmap' can now be used to create new
4800 fringe bitmaps, as well as change the built-in fringe bitmaps.
4802 To change a built-in bitmap, do (require 'fringe) and use the symbol
4803 identifying the bitmap such as `left-truncation' or `continued-line'.
4805 *** New function `destroy-fringe-bitmap' deletes a fringe bitmap
4806 or restores a built-in one to its default value.
4808 *** New function `set-fringe-bitmap-face' specifies the face to be
4809 used for a specific fringe bitmap. The face is automatically merged
4810 with the `fringe' face, so normally, the face should only specify the
4811 foreground color of the bitmap.
4813 *** There are new display properties, `left-fringe' and `right-fringe',
4814 that can be used to show a specific bitmap in the left or right fringe
4815 bitmap of the display line.
4817 Format is `display (left-fringe BITMAP [FACE])', where BITMAP is a
4818 symbol identifying a fringe bitmap, either built-in or defined with
4819 `define-fringe-bitmap', and FACE is an optional face name to be used
4820 for displaying the bitmap instead of the default `fringe' face.
4821 When specified, FACE is automatically merged with the `fringe' face.
4823 *** New function `fringe-bitmaps-at-pos' returns the current fringe
4824 bitmaps in the display line at a given buffer position.
4826 ** Other window fringe features:
4829 *** Controlling the default left and right fringe widths.
4831 The default left and right fringe widths for all windows of a frame
4832 can now be controlled by setting the `left-fringe' and `right-fringe'
4833 frame parameters to an integer value specifying the width in pixels.
4834 Setting the width to 0 effectively removes the corresponding fringe.
4836 The actual default fringe widths for the frame may deviate from the
4837 specified widths, since the combined fringe widths must match an
4838 integral number of columns. The extra width is distributed evenly
4839 between the left and right fringe. To force a specific fringe width,
4840 specify the width as a negative integer (if both widths are negative,
4841 only the left fringe gets the specified width).
4843 Setting the width to nil (the default), restores the default fringe
4844 width which is the minimum number of pixels necessary to display any
4845 of the currently defined fringe bitmaps. The width of the built-in
4846 fringe bitmaps is 8 pixels.
4849 *** Per-window fringe and scrollbar settings
4851 **** Windows can now have their own individual fringe widths and
4854 To control the fringe widths of a window, either set the buffer-local
4855 variables `left-fringe-width', `right-fringe-width', or call
4856 `set-window-fringes'.
4858 To control the fringe position in a window, that is, whether fringes
4859 are positioned between the display margins and the window's text area,
4860 or at the edges of the window, either set the buffer-local variable
4861 `fringes-outside-margins' or call `set-window-fringes'.
4863 The function `window-fringes' can be used to obtain the current
4864 settings. To make `left-fringe-width', `right-fringe-width', and
4865 `fringes-outside-margins' take effect, you must set them before
4866 displaying the buffer in a window, or use `set-window-buffer' to force
4867 an update of the display margins.
4869 **** Windows can now have their own individual scroll-bar settings
4870 controlling the width and position of scroll-bars.
4872 To control the scroll-bar of a window, either set the buffer-local
4873 variables `scroll-bar-mode' and `scroll-bar-width', or call
4874 `set-window-scroll-bars'. The function `window-scroll-bars' can be
4875 used to obtain the current settings. To make `scroll-bar-mode' and
4876 `scroll-bar-width' take effect, you must set them before displaying
4877 the buffer in a window, or use `set-window-buffer' to force an update
4878 of the display margins.
4880 ** Redisplay features:
4883 *** `sit-for' can now be called with args (SECONDS &optional NODISP).
4886 *** `sit-for' called with a negative SECONDS value now forces an
4887 immediate redisplay even if input is pending.
4890 *** New function `force-window-update' can initiate a full redisplay of
4891 one or all windows. Normally, this is not needed as changes in window
4892 contents are detected automatically. However, certain implicit
4893 changes to mode lines, header lines, or display properties may require
4894 forcing an explicit window update.
4897 *** (char-displayable-p CHAR) returns non-nil if Emacs ought to be able
4898 to display CHAR. More precisely, if the selected frame's fontset has
4899 a font to display the character set that CHAR belongs to.
4901 Fontsets can specify a font on a per-character basis; when the fontset
4902 does that, this value cannot be accurate.
4905 *** You can define multiple overlay arrows via the new
4906 variable `overlay-arrow-variable-list'.
4908 It contains a list of variables which contain overlay arrow position
4909 markers, including the original `overlay-arrow-position' variable.
4911 Each variable on this list can have individual `overlay-arrow-string'
4912 and `overlay-arrow-bitmap' properties that specify an overlay arrow
4913 string (for non-window terminals) or fringe bitmap (for window
4914 systems) to display at the corresponding overlay arrow position.
4915 If either property is not set, the default `overlay-arrow-string' or
4916 'overlay-arrow-fringe-bitmap' will be used.
4919 *** New `line-height' and `line-spacing' properties for newline characters
4921 A newline can now have `line-height' and `line-spacing' text or overlay
4922 properties that control the height of the corresponding display row.
4924 If the `line-height' property value is t, the newline does not
4925 contribute to the height of the display row; instead the height of the
4926 newline glyph is reduced. Also, a `line-spacing' property on this
4927 newline is ignored. This can be used to tile small images or image
4928 slices without adding blank areas between the images.
4930 If the `line-height' property value is a positive integer, the value
4931 specifies the minimum line height in pixels. If necessary, the line
4932 height it increased by increasing the line's ascent.
4934 If the `line-height' property value is a float, the minimum line
4935 height is calculated by multiplying the default frame line height by
4938 If the `line-height' property value is a cons (FACE . RATIO), the
4939 minimum line height is calculated as RATIO * height of named FACE.
4940 RATIO is int or float. If FACE is t, it specifies the current face.
4942 If the `line-height' property value is a cons (nil . RATIO), the line
4943 height is calculated as RATIO * actual height of the line's contents.
4945 If the `line-height' value is a cons (HEIGHT . TOTAL), HEIGHT specifies
4946 the line height as described above, while TOTAL is any of the forms
4947 described above and specifies the total height of the line, causing a
4948 varying number of pixels to be inserted after the line to make it line
4949 exactly that many pixels high.
4951 If the `line-spacing' property value is an positive integer, the value
4952 is used as additional pixels to insert after the display line; this
4953 overrides the default frame `line-spacing' and any buffer local value of
4954 the `line-spacing' variable.
4956 If the `line-spacing' property is a float or cons, the line spacing
4957 is calculated as specified above for the `line-height' property.
4960 *** The buffer local `line-spacing' variable can now have a float value,
4961 which is used as a height relative to the default frame line height.
4964 *** Enhancements to stretch display properties
4966 The display property stretch specification form `(space PROPS)', where
4967 PROPS is a property list, now allows pixel based width and height
4968 specifications, as well as enhanced horizontal text alignment.
4970 The value of these properties can now be a (primitive) expression
4971 which is evaluated during redisplay. The following expressions
4974 EXPR ::= NUM | (NUM) | UNIT | ELEM | POS | IMAGE | FORM
4975 NUM ::= INTEGER | FLOAT | SYMBOL
4976 UNIT ::= in | mm | cm | width | height
4977 ELEM ::= left-fringe | right-fringe | left-margin | right-margin
4979 POS ::= left | center | right
4980 FORM ::= (NUM . EXPR) | (OP EXPR ...)
4983 The form `NUM' specifies a fractional width or height of the default
4984 frame font size. The form `(NUM)' specifies an absolute number of
4985 pixels. If a symbol is specified, its buffer-local variable binding
4986 is used. The `in', `mm', and `cm' units specifies the number of
4987 pixels per inch, milli-meter, and centi-meter, resp. The `width' and
4988 `height' units correspond to the width and height of the current face
4989 font. An image specification corresponds to the width or height of
4992 The `left-fringe', `right-fringe', `left-margin', `right-margin',
4993 `scroll-bar', and `text' elements specify to the width of the
4994 corresponding area of the window.
4996 The `left', `center', and `right' positions can be used with :align-to
4997 to specify a position relative to the left edge, center, or right edge
4998 of the text area. One of the above window elements (except `text')
4999 can also be used with :align-to to specify that the position is
5000 relative to the left edge of the given area. Once the base offset for
5001 a relative position has been set (by the first occurrence of one of
5002 these symbols), further occurrences of these symbols are interpreted as
5003 the width of the area.
5005 For example, to align to the center of the left-margin, use
5006 :align-to (+ left-margin (0.5 . left-margin))
5008 If no specific base offset is set for alignment, it is always relative
5009 to the left edge of the text area. For example, :align-to 0 in a
5010 header line aligns with the first text column in the text area.
5012 The value of the form `(NUM . EXPR)' is the value of NUM multiplied by
5013 the value of the expression EXPR. For example, (2 . in) specifies a
5014 width of 2 inches, while (0.5 . IMAGE) specifies half the width (or
5015 height) of the specified image.
5017 The form `(+ EXPR ...)' adds up the value of the expressions.
5018 The form `(- EXPR ...)' negates or subtracts the value of the expressions.
5021 *** Normally, the cursor is displayed at the end of any overlay and
5022 text property string that may be present at the current window
5023 position. The cursor can now be placed on any character of such
5024 strings by giving that character a non-nil `cursor' text property.
5027 *** The display space :width and :align-to text properties are now
5028 supported on text terminals.
5031 *** Support for displaying image slices
5033 **** New display property (slice X Y WIDTH HEIGHT) can be used with
5034 an image property to display only a specific slice of the image.
5036 **** Function `insert-image' has new optional fourth arg to
5037 specify image slice (X Y WIDTH HEIGHT).
5039 **** New function `insert-sliced-image' inserts a given image as a
5040 specified number of evenly sized slices (rows x columns).
5043 *** Images can now have an associated image map via the :map property.
5045 An image map is an alist where each element has the format (AREA ID PLIST).
5046 An AREA is specified as either a rectangle, a circle, or a polygon:
5047 A rectangle is a cons (rect . ((X0 . Y0) . (X1 . Y1))) specifying the
5048 pixel coordinates of the upper left and bottom right corners.
5049 A circle is a cons (circle . ((X0 . Y0) . R)) specifying the center
5050 and the radius of the circle; R can be a float or integer.
5051 A polygon is a cons (poly . [X0 Y0 X1 Y1 ...]) where each pair in the
5052 vector describes one corner in the polygon.
5054 When the mouse pointer is above a hot-spot area of an image, the
5055 PLIST of that hot-spot is consulted; if it contains a `help-echo'
5056 property it defines a tool-tip for the hot-spot, and if it contains
5057 a `pointer' property, it defines the shape of the mouse cursor when
5058 it is over the hot-spot. See the variable `void-area-text-pointer'
5059 for possible pointer shapes.
5061 When you click the mouse when the mouse pointer is over a hot-spot,
5062 an event is composed by combining the ID of the hot-spot with the
5063 mouse event, e.g. [area4 mouse-1] if the hot-spot's ID is `area4'.
5066 *** The function `find-image' now searches in etc/images/ and etc/.
5067 The new variable `image-load-path' is a list of locations in which to
5068 search for image files. The default is to search in etc/images, then
5069 in etc/, and finally in the directories specified by `load-path'.
5070 Subdirectories of etc/ and etc/images are not recursively searched; if
5071 you put an image file in a subdirectory, you have to specify it
5072 explicitly; for example, if an image is put in etc/images/foo/bar.xpm:
5074 (defimage foo-image '((:type xpm :file "foo/bar.xpm")))
5076 Note that all images formerly located in the lisp directory have been
5077 moved to etc/images.
5080 *** New function `image-load-path-for-library' returns a suitable
5081 search path for images relative to library. This function is useful in
5082 external packages to save users from having to update
5086 *** The new variable `max-image-size' defines the maximum size of
5087 images that Emacs will load and display.
5089 ** Mouse pointer features:
5093 *** The mouse pointer shape in void text areas (i.e. after the end of a
5094 line or below the last line in the buffer) of the text window is now
5095 controlled by the new variable `void-text-area-pointer'. The default
5096 is to use the `arrow' (non-text) pointer. Other choices are `text'
5097 (or nil), `hand', `vdrag', `hdrag', `modeline', and `hourglass'.
5100 *** The mouse pointer shape over an image can now be controlled by the
5101 :pointer image property.
5104 *** The mouse pointer shape over ordinary text or images can now be
5105 controlled/overridden via the `pointer' text property.
5107 ** Mouse event enhancements:
5110 *** Mouse events for clicks on window fringes now specify `left-fringe'
5111 or `right-fringe' as the area.
5114 *** All mouse events now include a buffer position regardless of where
5115 you clicked. For mouse clicks in window margins and fringes, this is
5116 a sensible buffer position corresponding to the surrounding text.
5119 *** `posn-point' now returns buffer position for non-text area events.
5122 *** Function `mouse-set-point' now works for events outside text area.
5125 *** New function `posn-area' returns window area clicked on (nil means
5129 *** Mouse events include actual glyph column and row for all event types
5133 *** New function `posn-actual-col-row' returns the actual glyph coordinates
5134 of the mouse event position.
5137 *** Mouse events can now indicate an image object clicked on.
5140 *** Mouse events include relative X and Y pixel coordinates relative to
5141 the top left corner of the object (image or character) clicked on.
5144 *** Mouse events include the pixel width and height of the object
5145 (image or character) clicked on.
5148 *** New functions 'posn-object', 'posn-object-x-y', 'posn-object-width-height'.
5150 These return the image or string object of a mouse click, the X and Y
5151 pixel coordinates relative to the top left corner of that object, and
5152 the total width and height of that object.
5154 ** Text property and overlay changes:
5157 *** Arguments for `remove-overlays' are now optional, so that you can
5158 remove all overlays in the buffer with just (remove-overlays).
5161 *** New variable `char-property-alias-alist'.
5163 This variable allows you to create alternative names for text
5164 properties. It works at the same level as `default-text-properties',
5165 although it applies to overlays as well. This variable was introduced
5166 to implement the `font-lock-face' property.
5169 *** New function `get-char-property-and-overlay' accepts the same
5170 arguments as `get-char-property' and returns a cons whose car is the
5171 return value of `get-char-property' called with those arguments and
5172 whose cdr is the overlay in which the property was found, or nil if
5173 it was found as a text property or not found at all.
5176 *** The new function `remove-list-of-text-properties'.
5178 It is like `remove-text-properties' except that it takes a list of
5179 property names as argument rather than a property list.
5184 *** The variable `facemenu-unlisted-faces' has been removed.
5185 Emacs has a lot more faces than in the past, and nearly all of them
5186 needed to be excluded. The new variable `facemenu-listed-faces' lists
5187 the faces to include in the face menu.
5190 *** The new face attribute condition `min-colors' can be used to tailor
5191 the face color to the number of colors supported by a display, and
5192 define the foreground and background colors accordingly so that they
5193 look best on a terminal that supports at least this many colors. This
5194 is now the preferred method for defining default faces in a way that
5195 makes a good use of the capabilities of the display.
5198 *** New function `display-supports-face-attributes-p' can be used to test
5199 whether a given set of face attributes is actually displayable.
5201 A new predicate `supports' has also been added to the `defface' face
5202 specification language, which can be used to do this test for faces
5203 defined with `defface'.
5206 *** The special treatment of faces whose names are of the form `fg:COLOR'
5207 or `bg:COLOR' has been removed. Lisp programs should use the
5208 `defface' facility for defining faces with specific colors, or use
5209 the feature of specifying the face attributes :foreground and :background
5210 directly in the `face' property instead of using a named face.
5213 *** The first face specification element in a defface can specify
5214 `default' instead of frame classification. Then its attributes act as
5215 defaults that apply to all the subsequent cases (and can be overridden
5219 *** The variable `face-font-rescale-alist' specifies how much larger
5220 (or smaller) font we should use. For instance, if the value is
5221 '((SOME-FONTNAME-PATTERN . 1.3)) and a face requests a font of 10
5222 point, we actually use a font of 13 point if the font matches
5223 SOME-FONTNAME-PATTERN.
5226 *** The function `face-differs-from-default-p' now truly checks
5227 whether the given face displays differently from the default face or
5228 not (previously it did only a very cursory check).
5231 *** `face-attribute', `face-foreground', `face-background', `face-stipple'.
5233 These now accept a new optional argument, INHERIT, which controls how
5234 face inheritance is used when determining the value of a face
5238 *** New functions `face-attribute-relative-p' and `merge-face-attribute'
5239 help with handling relative face attributes.
5242 *** The priority of faces in an :inherit attribute face list is reversed.
5244 If a face contains an :inherit attribute with a list of faces, earlier
5245 faces in the list override later faces in the list; in previous
5246 releases of Emacs, the order was the opposite. This change was made
5247 so that :inherit face lists operate identically to face lists in text
5251 *** On terminals, faces with the :inverse-video attribute are displayed
5252 with swapped foreground and background colors even when one of them is
5253 not specified. In previous releases of Emacs, if either foreground
5254 or background color was unspecified, colors were not swapped. This
5255 was inconsistent with the face behavior under X.
5258 *** `set-fontset-font', `fontset-info', `fontset-font' now operate on
5259 the default fontset if the argument NAME is nil..
5261 ** Font-Lock changes:
5264 *** New special text property `font-lock-face'.
5266 This property acts like the `face' property, but it is controlled by
5267 M-x font-lock-mode. It is not, strictly speaking, a builtin text
5268 property. Instead, it is implemented inside font-core.el, using the
5269 new variable `char-property-alias-alist'.
5272 *** font-lock can manage arbitrary text-properties beside `face'.
5274 **** the FACENAME returned in `font-lock-keywords' can be a list of the
5275 form (face FACE PROP1 VAL1 PROP2 VAL2 ...) so you can set other
5276 properties than `face'.
5278 **** `font-lock-extra-managed-props' can be set to make sure those
5279 extra properties are automatically cleaned up by font-lock.
5282 *** jit-lock obeys a new text-property `jit-lock-defer-multiline'.
5284 If a piece of text with that property gets contextually refontified
5285 (see `jit-lock-defer-contextually'), then all of that text will
5286 be refontified. This is useful when the syntax of a textual element
5287 depends on text several lines further down (and when `font-lock-multiline'
5288 is not appropriate to solve that problem). For example in Perl:
5296 Adding/removing the last `e' changes the `bar' from being a piece of
5297 text to being a piece of code, so you'd put a `jit-lock-defer-multiline'
5298 property over the second half of the command to force (deferred)
5299 refontification of `bar' whenever the `e' is added/removed.
5301 ** Major mode mechanism changes:
5304 *** `set-auto-mode' now gives the interpreter magic line (if present)
5305 precedence over the file name. Likewise an `<?xml' or `<!DOCTYPE'
5306 declaration will give the buffer XML or SGML mode, based on the new
5307 variable `magic-mode-alist'.
5310 *** Use the new function `run-mode-hooks' to run the major mode's mode hook.
5313 *** All major mode functions should now run the new normal hook
5314 `after-change-major-mode-hook', at their very end, after the mode
5315 hooks. `run-mode-hooks' does this automatically.
5318 *** If a major mode function has a non-nil `no-clone-indirect'
5319 property, `clone-indirect-buffer' signals an error if you use
5323 *** Major modes can define `eldoc-documentation-function'
5324 locally to provide Eldoc functionality by some method appropriate to
5328 *** `define-derived-mode' by default creates a new empty abbrev table.
5329 It does not copy abbrevs from the parent mode's abbrev table.
5332 *** The new function `run-mode-hooks' and the new macro `delay-mode-hooks'
5333 are used by `define-derived-mode' to make sure the mode hook for the
5334 parent mode is run at the end of the child mode.
5336 ** Minor mode changes:
5339 *** `define-minor-mode' now accepts arbitrary additional keyword arguments
5340 and simply passes them to `defcustom', if applicable.
5343 *** `minor-mode-list' now holds a list of minor mode commands.
5346 *** `define-global-minor-mode'.
5348 This is a new name for what was formerly called
5349 `easy-mmode-define-global-mode'. The old name remains as an alias.
5351 ** Command loop changes:
5354 *** The new function `called-interactively-p' does what many people
5355 have mistakenly believed `interactive-p' to do: it returns t if the
5356 calling function was called through `call-interactively'.
5358 Only use this when you cannot solve the problem by adding a new
5359 INTERACTIVE argument to the command.
5362 *** The function `commandp' takes an additional optional argument.
5364 If it is non-nil, then `commandp' checks for a function that could be
5365 called with `call-interactively', and does not return t for keyboard
5369 *** When a command returns, the command loop moves point out from
5370 within invisible text, in the same way it moves out from within text
5371 covered by an image or composition property.
5373 This makes it generally unnecessary to mark invisible text as intangible.
5374 This is particularly good because the intangible property often has
5375 unexpected side-effects since the property applies to everything
5376 (including `goto-char', ...) whereas this new code is only run after
5377 `post-command-hook' and thus does not care about intermediate states.
5380 *** If a command sets `transient-mark-mode' to `only', that
5381 enables Transient Mark mode for the following command only.
5382 During that following command, the value of `transient-mark-mode'
5383 is `identity'. If it is still `identity' at the end of the command,
5384 the next return to the command loop changes to nil.
5387 *** Both the variable and the function `disabled-command-hook' have
5388 been renamed to `disabled-command-function'. The variable
5389 `disabled-command-hook' has been kept as an obsolete alias.
5392 *** `emacsserver' now runs `pre-command-hook' and `post-command-hook'
5393 when it receives a request from emacsclient.
5395 ** Lisp file loading changes:
5398 *** `load-history' can now have elements of the form (t . FUNNAME),
5399 which means FUNNAME was previously defined as an autoload (before the
5400 current file redefined it).
5403 *** `load-history' now records (defun . FUNNAME) when a function is
5404 defined. For a variable, it records just the variable name.
5407 *** The function `symbol-file' can now search specifically for function,
5408 variable or face definitions.
5411 *** `provide' and `featurep' now accept an optional second argument
5412 to test/provide subfeatures. Also `provide' now checks `after-load-alist'
5413 and runs any code associated with the provided feature.
5416 *** The variable `recursive-load-depth-limit' has been deleted.
5417 Emacs now signals an error if the same file is loaded with more
5418 than 3 levels of nesting.
5421 ** Byte compiler changes:
5423 *** The byte compiler now displays the actual line and character
5424 position of errors, where possible. Additionally, the form of its
5425 warning and error messages have been brought into line with GNU standards
5426 for these. As a result, you can use next-error and friends on the
5427 compilation output buffer.
5429 *** The new macro `with-no-warnings' suppresses all compiler warnings
5430 inside its body. In terms of execution, it is equivalent to `progn'.
5432 *** You can avoid warnings for possibly-undefined symbols with a
5433 simple convention that the compiler understands. (This is mostly
5434 useful in code meant to be portable to different Emacs versions.)
5435 Write forms like the following, or code that macroexpands into such
5438 (if (fboundp 'foo) <then> <else>)
5439 (if (boundp 'foo) <then> <else)
5441 In the first case, using `foo' as a function inside the <then> form
5442 won't produce a warning if it's not defined as a function, and in the
5443 second case, using `foo' as a variable won't produce a warning if it's
5444 unbound. The test must be in exactly one of the above forms (after
5445 macro expansion), but such tests can be nested. Note that `when' and
5446 `unless' expand to `if', but `cond' doesn't.
5448 *** `(featurep 'xemacs)' is treated by the compiler as nil. This
5449 helps to avoid noisy compiler warnings in code meant to run under both
5450 Emacs and XEmacs and can sometimes make the result significantly more
5451 efficient. Since byte code from recent versions of XEmacs won't
5452 generally run in Emacs and vice versa, this optimization doesn't lose
5455 *** The local variable `no-byte-compile' in Lisp files is now obeyed.
5458 *** When a Lisp file uses CL functions at run-time, compiling the file
5459 now issues warnings about these calls, unless the file performs
5460 (require 'cl) when loaded.
5462 ** Frame operations:
5465 *** New functions `frame-current-scroll-bars' and `window-current-scroll-bars'.
5467 These functions return the current locations of the vertical and
5468 horizontal scroll bars in a frame or window.
5471 *** The new function `modify-all-frames-parameters' modifies parameters
5472 for all (existing and future) frames.
5475 *** The new frame parameter `tty-color-mode' specifies the mode to use
5476 for color support on character terminal frames. Its value can be a
5477 number of colors to support, or a symbol. See the Emacs Lisp
5478 Reference manual for more detailed documentation.
5481 *** When using non-toolkit scroll bars with the default width,
5482 the `scroll-bar-width' frame parameter value is nil.
5487 *** Already true in Emacs 21.1, but not emphasized clearly enough:
5489 Multibyte buffers can now faithfully record all 256 character codes
5490 from 0 to 255. As a result, most of the past reasons to use unibyte
5491 buffers no longer exist. We only know of three reasons to use them
5494 1. If you prefer to use unibyte text all of the time.
5496 2. For reading files into temporary buffers, when you want to avoid
5497 the time it takes to convert the format.
5499 3. For binary files where format conversion would be pointless and
5503 *** `set-buffer-file-coding-system' now takes an additional argument,
5504 NOMODIFY. If it is non-nil, it means don't mark the buffer modified.
5507 *** The new variable `auto-coding-functions' lets you specify functions
5508 to examine a file being visited and deduce the proper coding system
5509 for it. (If the coding system is detected incorrectly for a specific
5510 file, you can put a `coding:' tags to override it.)
5513 *** The new function `merge-coding-systems' fills in unspecified aspects
5514 of one coding system from another coding system.
5517 *** New coding system property `mime-text-unsuitable' indicates that
5518 the coding system's `mime-charset' is not suitable for MIME text
5522 *** New function `decode-coding-inserted-region' decodes a region as if
5523 it is read from a file without decoding.
5526 *** New CCL functions `lookup-character' and `lookup-integer' access
5527 hash tables defined by the Lisp function `define-translation-hash-table'.
5530 *** New function `quail-find-key' returns a list of keys to type in the
5531 current input method to input a character.
5533 ** Mode line changes:
5536 *** New function `format-mode-line'.
5538 This returns the mode line or header line of the selected (or a
5539 specified) window as a string with or without text properties.
5542 *** The new mode-line construct `(:propertize ELT PROPS...)' can be
5543 used to add text properties to mode-line elements.
5546 *** The new `%i' and `%I' constructs for `mode-line-format' can be used
5547 to display the size of the accessible part of the buffer on the mode
5551 *** Mouse-face on mode-line (and header-line) is now supported.
5553 ** Menu manipulation changes:
5556 *** To manipulate the File menu using easy-menu, you must specify the
5557 proper name "file". In previous Emacs versions, you had to specify
5558 "files", even though the menu item itself was changed to say "File"
5559 several versions ago.
5562 *** The dummy function keys made by easy-menu are now always lower case.
5563 If you specify the menu item name "Ada", for instance, it uses `ada'
5564 as the "key" bound by that key binding.
5566 This is relevant only if Lisp code looks for the bindings that were
5567 made with easy-menu.
5570 *** `easy-menu-define' now allows you to use nil for the symbol name
5571 if you don't need to give the menu a name. If you install the menu
5572 into other keymaps right away (MAPS is non-nil), it usually doesn't
5573 need to have a name.
5575 ** Operating system access:
5578 *** The new primitive `get-internal-run-time' returns the processor
5579 run time used by Emacs since start-up.
5582 *** Functions `user-uid' and `user-real-uid' now return floats if the
5583 user UID doesn't fit in a Lisp integer. Function `user-full-name'
5584 accepts a float as UID parameter.
5587 *** New function `locale-info' accesses locale information.
5590 *** On MS Windows, locale-coding-system is used to interact with the OS.
5591 The Windows specific variable w32-system-coding-system, which was
5592 formerly used for that purpose is now an alias for locale-coding-system.
5595 *** New function `redirect-debugging-output' can be used to redirect
5596 debugging output on the stderr file handle to a file.
5601 *** A number of hooks have been renamed to better follow the conventions:
5603 `find-file-hooks' to `find-file-hook',
5604 `find-file-not-found-hooks' to `find-file-not-found-functions',
5605 `write-file-hooks' to `write-file-functions',
5606 `write-contents-hooks' to `write-contents-functions',
5607 `x-lost-selection-hooks' to `x-lost-selection-functions',
5608 `x-sent-selection-hooks' to `x-sent-selection-functions',
5609 `delete-frame-hook' to `delete-frame-functions'.
5611 In each case the old name remains as an alias for the moment.
5614 *** Variable `local-write-file-hooks' is marked obsolete.
5616 Use the LOCAL arg of `add-hook'.
5619 *** New function `x-send-client-message' sends a client message when
5625 *** New variable `gc-cons-percentage' automatically grows the GC cons threshold
5626 as the heap size increases.
5629 *** New variables `gc-elapsed' and `gcs-done' provide extra information
5630 on garbage collection.
5633 *** The normal hook `post-gc-hook' is run at the end of garbage collection.
5635 The hook is run with GC inhibited, so use it with care.
5637 * New Packages for Lisp Programming in Emacs 22.1
5640 ** The new library button.el implements simple and fast `clickable
5641 buttons' in emacs buffers. Buttons are much lighter-weight than the
5642 `widgets' implemented by widget.el, and can be used by lisp code that
5643 doesn't require the full power of widgets. Emacs uses buttons for
5644 such things as help and apropos buffers.
5647 ** The new library tree-widget.el provides a widget to display a set
5648 of hierarchical data as an outline. For example, the tree-widget is
5649 well suited to display a hierarchy of directories and files.
5652 ** The new library bindat.el provides functions to unpack and pack
5653 binary data structures, such as network packets, to and from Lisp
5657 ** master-mode.el implements a minor mode for scrolling a slave
5658 buffer without leaving your current buffer, the master buffer.
5660 It can be used by sql.el, for example: the SQL buffer is the master
5661 and its SQLi buffer is the slave. This allows you to scroll the SQLi
5662 buffer containing the output from the SQL buffer containing the
5665 This is how to use sql.el and master.el together: the variable
5666 sql-buffer contains the slave buffer. It is a local variable in the
5669 (add-hook 'sql-mode-hook
5670 (function (lambda ()
5672 (master-set-slave sql-buffer))))
5673 (add-hook 'sql-set-sqli-hook
5674 (function (lambda ()
5675 (master-set-slave sql-buffer))))
5678 ** The new library benchmark.el does timing measurements on Lisp code.
5680 This includes measuring garbage collection time.
5683 ** The new library testcover.el does test coverage checking.
5685 This is so you can tell whether you've tested all paths in your Lisp
5686 code. It works with edebug.
5688 The function `testcover-start' instruments all functions in a given
5689 file. Then test your code. The function `testcover-mark-all' adds
5690 overlay "splotches" to the Lisp file's buffer to show where coverage
5691 is lacking. The command `testcover-next-mark' (bind it to a key!)
5692 will move point forward to the next spot that has a splotch.
5694 Normally, a red splotch indicates the form was never completely
5695 evaluated; a brown splotch means it always evaluated to the same
5696 value. The red splotches are skipped for forms that can't possibly
5697 complete their evaluation, such as `error'. The brown splotches are
5698 skipped for forms that are expected to always evaluate to the same
5699 value, such as (setq x 14).
5701 For difficult cases, you can add do-nothing macros to your code to
5702 help out the test coverage tool. The macro `noreturn' suppresses a
5703 red splotch. It is an error if the argument to `noreturn' does
5704 return. The macro `1value' suppresses a brown splotch for its argument.
5705 This macro is a no-op except during test-coverage -- then it signals
5706 an error if the argument actually returns differing values.
5710 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
5711 Copyright information:
5713 Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
5714 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5716 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies
5717 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the
5718 copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved,
5719 thus giving the recipient permission to redistribute in turn.
5721 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions
5722 of this document, or of portions of it,
5723 under the above conditions, provided also that they
5724 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them.
5728 paragraph-separate: "[
\f]*$"
5731 arch-tag: 1aca9dfa-2ac4-4d14-bebf-0007cee12793