1 GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes.
3 Copyright (C) 2014-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 See the end of the file for license conditions.
6 Please send Emacs bug reports to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.
7 If possible, use M-x report-emacs-bug.
9 This file is about changes in Emacs version 25.
11 See file HISTORY for a list of GNU Emacs versions and release dates.
12 See files NEWS.24, NEWS.23, NEWS.22, NEWS.21, NEWS.20, NEWS.19, NEWS.18,
13 and NEWS.1-17 for changes in older Emacs versions.
15 You can narrow news to a specific version by calling 'view-emacs-news'
16 with a prefix argument or by typing C-u C-h C-n.
19 +++ indicates that all necessary documentation updates are complete.
20 (This means all relevant manuals in doc/ AND lisp doc-strings.)
21 --- means no change in the manuals is needed.
22 When you add a new item, use the appropriate mark if you are sure it applies,
23 otherwise leave it unmarked.
26 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.2
28 ** The new option 'configure --enable-gcc-warnings=warn-only' causes
29 GCC to issue warnings without stopping the build. This behavior is
30 now the default in developer builds. As before, use
31 '--disable-gcc-warnings' to suppress GCC's warnings, and
32 '--enable-gcc-warnings' to stop the build if GCC issues warnings.
35 ** The Emacs server now has socket-launching support. This allows
36 socket based activation, where an external process like systemd can
37 invoke the Emacs server process upon a socket connection event and
38 hand the socket over to Emacs. Emacs uses this socket to service
39 emacsclient commands. This new functionality can be disabled with the
40 configure option '--disable-libsystemd'.
42 ** New configure option '--disable-build-details' attempts to build an
43 Emacs that is more likely to be reproducible; that is, if you build
44 and install Emacs twice, the second Emacs is a copy of the first.
45 Deterministic builds omit the build date from the output of the
46 emacs-version and erc-cmd-SV functions, and the leave the following
47 variables nil: emacs-build-system, emacs-build-time,
50 ** Emacs no longer works on IRIX. We expect that Emacs users are not
51 affected by this, as SGI stopped supporting IRIX in December 2013.
54 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.2
57 * Changes in Emacs 25.2
60 ** 'find-library-name' will now fall back on looking at 'load-history'
61 to try to locate libraries that have been loaded with an explicit path
65 ** Faces in 'minibuffer-prompt-properties' no longer overwrite properties
66 in the text in functions like 'read-from-minibuffer', but instead are
67 added to the end of the face list. This allows users to say things
68 like '(read-from-minibuffer (propertize "Enter something: " 'face 'bold))'.
71 ** The new variable 'extended-command-suggest-shorter' has been added
72 to control whether to suggest shorter 'M-x' commands or not.
75 ** icomplete now respects 'completion-ignored-extensions'.
78 ** Non-breaking hyphens are now displayed with the 'nobreak-hyphen'
79 face instead of the 'escape-glyph' face.
82 ** 'C-x h' ('mark-whole-buffer') will now avoid marking the prompt
86 ** 'find-library' now takes a prefix argument to pop to a different
89 ** 'find-library', 'help-function-def' and 'help-variable-def' now run
90 'find-function-after-hook'.
93 ** 'process-attributes' on Darwin systems now returns more information.
96 ** Several accessors for the value returned by 'file-attributes'
97 have been added. They are: 'file-attribute-type',
98 'file-attribute-link-number', 'file-attribute-user-id',
99 'file-attribute-group-id', 'file-attribute-access-time',
100 'file-attribute-modification-time',
101 'file-attribute-status-change-time', 'file-attribute-size',
102 'file-attribute-modes', 'file-attribute-inode-number', and
103 'file-attribute-device-number'.
106 ** The new function 'buffer-hash' computes a fast, non-consing hash of
110 ** 'fill-paragraph' no longer marks the buffer as changed unless it
111 actually changed something.
114 ** The locale language name 'ca' is now mapped to the language
115 environment 'Catalan', which has been added.
118 ** 'align-regexp' has a separate history for its interactive argument.
119 'align-regexp' no longer shares its history with all other
120 history-less functions that use 'read-string'.
123 ** The networking code has been reworked so that it's more
124 asynchronous than it was (when specifying :nowait t in
125 'make-network-process'). How asynchronous it is varies based on the
126 capabilities of the system, but on a typical GNU/Linux system the DNS
127 resolution, the connection, and (for TLS streams) the TLS negotiation
128 are all done without blocking the main Emacs thread. To get
129 asynchronous TLS, the TLS boot parameters have to be passed in (see
130 the manual for details).
132 Certain process oriented functions (like 'process-datagram-address')
133 will block until socket setup has been performed. The recommended way
134 to deal with asynchronous sockets is to avoid interacting with them
135 until they have changed status to "run". This is most easily done
136 from a process sentinel.
138 ** 'make-network-process' and 'open-network-stream' sometimes allowed
139 :service to be an integer string (e.g., :service "993") and sometimes
140 required an integer (e.g., :service 993). This difference has been
141 eliminated, and integer strings work everywhere.
143 ** It is possible to disable attempted recovery on fatal signals.
145 Two new variables support disabling attempts to recover from stack
146 overflow and to avoid automatic auto-save when Emacs is delivered a
147 fatal signal. 'attempt-stack-overflow-recovery', if set to 'nil',
148 will disable attempts to recover from C stack overflows; Emacs will
149 then crash as with any other fatal signal.
150 'attempt-orderly-shutdown-on-fatal-signal', if set to 'nil', will
151 disable attempts to auto-save the session and shut down in an orderly
152 fashion when Emacs receives a fatal signal; instead, Emacs will
153 terminate immediately. Both variables are non-'nil' by default.
154 These variables are for users who would like to avoid the small
155 probability of data corruption due to techniques Emacs uses to recover
159 ** File local and directory local variables are now initialized each
160 time the major mode is set, not just when the file is first visited.
161 These local variables will thus not vanish on setting a major mode.
164 ** A second dir-local file (.dir-locals-2.el) is now accepted.
165 See the variable 'dir-locals-file-2' for more information.
168 ** International domain names (IDNA) are now encoded via the new
169 puny.el library, so that one can visit web sites with non-ASCII URLs.
172 ** The new 'timer-list' command lists all active timers in a buffer,
173 where you can cancel them with the 'c' command.
176 ** The new function 'read-multiple-choice' prompts for multiple-choice
177 questions, with a handy way to display help texts.
180 ** 'switch-to-buffer-preserve-window-point' now defaults to t.
183 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.2
186 ** New bindings for 'query-replace-map'.
187 'undo', undo the last replacement; bound to 'u'.
188 'undo-all', undo all replacements; bound to 'U'.
191 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
196 *** Messages from CMake are now recognized.
201 *** In wdired, when editing files to contain slash characters,
202 the resulting directories are automatically created. Whether to do
203 this is controlled by the 'wdired-create-parent-directories' variable.
206 *** 'W' is now bound to 'browse-url-of-dired-file', and is useful for
207 viewing HTML files and the like.
211 *** Ediff can be prevented from pausing 1 second after reaching a
212 breakpoint (e.g. with "f" and "o") by customizing the new option
213 'edebug-sit-on-break'.
218 *** A new 's' command for switching to another eww buffer via the minibuffer.
221 *** The 'o' command ('shr-save-contents') has moved to 'O' to avoid collision
222 with the 'o' command from 'image-map'.
225 *** A new command 'C' ('eww-toggle-colors') can be used to toggle
226 whether to use the HTML-specified colors or not. The user can also
227 customize the 'shr-use-colors' variable.
230 *** Images that are being loaded are now marked with gray
231 "placeholder" images of the size specified by the HTML. They are then
232 replaced by the real images asynchronously, which will also now
233 respect width/height HTML specs (unless they specify widths/heights
234 bigger than the current window).
239 *** Images are automatically scaled before displaying based on the
240 'image-scaling-factor' variable (if Emacs supports scaling the images
244 *** Images inserted with 'insert-image' and related functions get a
245 keymap put into the text properties (or overlays) that span the
246 image. This keymap binds keystrokes for manipulating size and
247 rotation, as well as saving the image to a file. These commands are
248 also available in 'image-mode'.
251 *** A new library for creating and manipulating SVG images has been
252 added. See the "SVG Images" section in the lispref manual for
256 *** New setf-able function to access and set image parameters is
257 provided: 'image-property'.
260 ** The default 'Info-default-directory-list' no longer checks some obsolete
261 directory suffixes (gnu, gnu/lib, gnu/lib/emacs, emacs, lib, lib/emacs)
262 when searching for info directories.
265 ** The commands that add ChangeLog entries now prefer a VCS root directory
266 for the ChangeLog file, if none already exists. Customize
267 'change-log-directory-files' to nil for the old behavior.
270 ** Support for non-string values of 'time-stamp-format' has been removed.
275 *** 'message-use-idna' now defaults to t (because Emacs comes with
276 built-in IDNA support now).
279 *** When sending HTML messages with embedded images, and you have
280 exiftool installed, and you rotate images with EXIF data (i.e.,
281 JPEGs), the rotational information will be inserted into the outgoing
282 image in the message. (The original image will not have its
283 orientation affected.)
286 *** The 'message-valid-fqdn-regexp' variable has been removed, since
287 there are now top-level domains added all the time. Message will no
288 longer warn about sending emails to top-level domains it hasn't heard
291 *** 'message-beginning-of-line' (bound to C-a) understands folded headers.
292 In 'visual-line-mode' it will look for the true beginning of a header
293 while in non-'visual-line-mode' it will move the point to the indented
299 *** New connection method "sg", which supports editing files under a
303 *** New connection method "doas" for OpenBSD hosts.
306 ** 'auto-revert-use-notify' is set back to t in 'global-auto-revert-mode'.
311 *** Support for completing attribute values, at-rules, bang-rules, and
312 HTML tags using the 'completion-at-point' command.
315 ** Emacs now supports character name escape sequences in character and
316 string literals. The syntax variants \N{character name} and
317 \N{U+code} are supported.
320 ** Prog mode has some support for multi-mode indentation.
321 This allows better indentation support in modes that support multiple
322 programming languages in the same buffer, like literate programming
323 environments or ANTLR programs with embedded Python code.
325 A major mode can provide indentation context for a sub-mode through
326 the 'prog-indentation-context' variable. To support this, modes that
327 provide indentation should use 'prog-widen' instead of 'widen' and
328 'prog-first-column' instead of a literal zero. See the node
329 "Mode-Specific Indent" in the ELisp manual for more details.
333 *** New variable 'erc-default-port-tls' used to connect to TLS IRC
339 *** The new function 'url-cookie-delete-cookie' can be used to
340 programmatically delete all cookies, or cookies from a specific
344 *** 'url-retrieve-synchronously' now takes an optional timeout parameter.
347 *** The URL package now support HTTPS over proxies supporting CONNECT.
350 *** 'url-user-agent' now defaults to 'default', and the User-Agent
351 string is computed dynamically based on 'url-privacy-level'.
353 ** VC and related modes
356 *** The VC state indicator in the mode line now defaults to more
357 colorful faces to make it more obvious to the user what the state is.
358 See the 'vc-faces' customization group.
362 *** Opening a .h file will turn C or C++ mode depending on language used.
363 This is done with the help of 'c-or-c++-mode' function which analyses
364 contents of the buffer to determine whether it's a C or C++ source
368 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
370 ** New Elisp data-structure library `radix-tree'.
373 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
376 ** Resizing a frame no longer runs 'window-configuration-change-hook'.
377 Put your function on 'window-size-change-functions' instead.
379 ** 'C-up', 'C-down', 'C-left' and 'C-right' are now defined in term
380 mode to send the same escape sequences that xterm does. This makes
381 things like forward-word in readline work.
384 ** hideshow mode got four key bindings that are analogous to outline
385 mode bindings: 'C-c @ C-a', 'C-c @ C-t', 'C-c @ C-d', and 'C-c @ C-e.'
387 ** The grep/rgrep/lgrep functions will now ask about saving files
388 before running. This is controlled by the 'grep-save-buffers'
392 ** The variable 'text-quoting-style' no longer affects the treatment
393 of curved quotes in format arguments to functions like 'message' and
394 'format-message'. In particular, when this variable's value is
395 'grave', all quotes in formats are output as-is.
397 ** Functions like 'check-declare-file' and 'check-declare-directory'
398 now generate less chatter and more-compact diagnostics. The auxiliary
399 function 'check-declare-errmsg' has been removed.
402 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
404 ** New var `definition-prefixes' is a hashtable mapping prefixes to the
405 files where corresponding definitions can be found. This can be used
406 to fetch definitions that are not yet loaded, for example for `C-h f'.
408 ** New var syntax-ppss-table to control the syntax-table used in syntax-ppss.
411 ** 'define-derived-mode' can now specify an :after-hook form, which
412 gets evaluated after the new mode's hook has run. This can be used to
413 incorporate configuration changes made in the mode hook into the
416 ** Autoload files can be generated without timestamps,
417 by setting 'autoload-timestamps' to nil.
418 FIXME As an experiment, nil is the current default.
419 If no insurmountable problems before next release, it can stay that way.
422 ** 'gnutls-boot' now takes a parameter :complete-negotiation that says
423 that negotiation should complete even on non-blocking sockets.
426 ** New functions 'window-pixel-width-before-size-change' and
427 'window-pixel-height-before-size-change' support detecting which
428 window changed size when 'window-size-change-functions' are run.
431 ** New function 'display-buffer-reuse-mode-window' is an action function
432 suitable for use in 'display-buffer-alist'. For example, to avoid creating
433 a new window when opening man pages when there's already one, use
434 (add-to-list 'display-buffer-alist
435 '("\\`\\*Man .*\\*\\'" .
436 (display-buffer-reuse-mode-window
437 (inhibit-same-window . nil)
441 ** There is now a new variable 'flyspell-sort-corrections-function'
442 that allows changing the way corrections are sorted.
445 ** The new command 'fortune-message' has been added, which displays
446 fortunes in the echo area.
449 ** New function 'func-arity' returns information about the argument list
450 of an arbitrary function. This generalizes 'subr-arity' for functions
451 that are not built-in primitives. We recommend using this new
452 function instead of 'subr-arity'.
455 ** 'parse-partial-sexp' state has a new element. Element 10 is
456 non-nil when the last character scanned might be the first character
457 of a two character construct, i.e., a comment delimiter or escaped
458 character. Its value is the syntax of that last character.
461 ** 'parse-partial-sexp''s state, element 9, has now been confirmed as
462 permanent and documented, and may be used by Lisp programs. Its value
463 is a list of currently open parenthesis positions, starting with the
464 outermost parenthesis.
467 ** 'read-color' will now display the color names using the color itself
468 as the background color.
470 ** The function 'redirect-debugging-output' now works on platforms
471 other than GNU/Linux.
474 ** The new function 'string-version-lessp' compares strings by
475 interpreting consecutive runs of numerical characters as numbers, and
476 compares their numerical values. According to this predicate,
477 "foo2.png" is smaller than "foo12.png".
480 ** The new function 'char-from-name' converts a Unicode name string
481 to the corresponding character code.
484 ** New functions 'sxhash-eq' and 'sxhash-eql' return hash codes of a
485 Lisp object suitable for use with 'eq' and 'eql' correspondingly. If
486 two objects are 'eq' ('eql'), then the result of 'sxhash-eq'
487 ('sxhash-eql') on them will be the same.
490 ** Function 'sxhash' has been renamed to 'sxhash-equal' for
491 consistency with the new functions. For compatibility, 'sxhash'
492 remains as an alias to 'sxhash-equal'.
495 ** Time conversion functions that accept a time zone rule argument now
496 allow it to be OFFSET or a list (OFFSET ABBR), where the integer
497 OFFSET is a count of seconds east of Universal Time, and the string
498 ABBR is a time zone abbreviation. The affected functions are
499 'current-time-string', 'current-time-zone', 'decode-time',
500 'format-time-string', and 'set-time-zone-rule'.
503 *** New basic face 'fixed-pitch-serif', for a fixed-width font with serifs.
504 The Info-quoted and tex-verbatim faces now default to inheriting from it.
507 * Changes in Emacs 25.2 on Non-Free Operating Systems
509 ** Intercepting hotkeys on Windows 7 and later now works better.
510 The new keyboard hooking code properly grabs system hotkeys such as
511 Win-* and Alt-TAB, in a way that Emacs can get at them before the
512 system. This makes the 'w32-register-hot-key' functionality work
513 again on all versions of MS-Windows starting with Windows 7. On
514 Windows NT and later you can now register any hotkey combination. (On
515 Windows 9X, the previous limitations, spelled out in the Emacs manual,
518 ** 'convert-standard-filename' no longer mirrors slashes on MS-Windows.
519 Previously, on MS-Windows this function converted slash characters in
520 file names into backslashes. It no longer does that.
523 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.1
526 ** Building Emacs now requires C99 or later.
529 ** Building Emacs now requires GNU make, version 3.81 or later.
532 ** New configure option --with-cairo.
533 This builds Emacs with Cairo drawing. As a side effect, it provides
534 support for built-in printing, when Emacs was built with GTK+.
535 Cairo drawing is an experimental feature in Emacs, and subject to
536 change in future releases.
539 ** New configure option --with-modules.
540 This enables support for loading dynamic modules; see below.
543 ** By default, Emacs no longer works on IRIX. We expect that Emacs
544 users are not affected by this, as SGI stopped supporting IRIX in
545 December 2013. If you are affected, please send a bug report. You
546 should be able to work around the problem either by porting the Emacs
547 undumping code to GCC under IRIX, or by configuring --with-wide-int,
548 or by sticking with Emacs 24.4.
551 ** The Emacs garbage collector assumes GC_MARK_STACK == GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS.
552 The GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS stack-marking variant has been the default
553 since Emacs 24.4, and the other variants were undocumented and were
554 obstacles to maintenance and development. GC_MARK_STACK and its
555 related symbols have been removed from the C internals.
558 ** 'configure' now prefers gnustep-config when configuring GNUstep.
559 If gnustep-config is not available, the old heuristics are used.
562 ** 'configure' now prefers inotify to gfile for file notification,
563 unless gfile is explicitly requested via --with-file-notification='gfile'.
566 ** 'configure' detects the kqueue file notification library on *BSD
567 and Mac OS X machines.
570 ** The configure option '--with-pkg-config-prog' has been removed.
571 Use './configure PKG_CONFIG=/full/name/of/pkg-config' if you need to.
574 ** The configure option '--with-mmdf' has been removed.
575 It was no longer useful, as it relied on libraries that are no longer
576 supported, and its presence led to confusion during configuration.
577 This affects only the 'movemail' utility; Emacs itself can still
578 process MMDF-format files as before.
581 ** The configure option '--enable-silent-rules' is now the default,
582 and silent rules are now quieter. To get the old behavior where
583 'make' chatters a lot, configure with '--disable-silent-rules' or
584 build with 'make V=1'.
587 ** The configure option '--with-gameuser' now allows you to specify a
588 group instead of a user if its argument is prefixed by ':' (a colon).
589 This will cause the game score files in "${localstatedir}/games/emacs"
590 to be owned by that group, and the helper program for updating them to
591 be installed setgid. The option now defaults to the 'games' group.
594 ** The 'grep-changelog' script (and its manual page) are no longer included.
595 It has no particular connection to Emacs and has not changed in years,
596 so if you want to use it, you can always take a copy from an older Emacs.
599 ** Emacs 25 comes with a new set of icons.
600 Various resolutions are available as etc/images/icons/hicolor/*/apps/emacs.png.
601 The old Emacs logo icons are available as 'emacs23.png' in the same location.
604 ** New make target 'check-expensive' to run additional tests.
605 This includes all tests which run via "make check", plus additional
606 tests which take more time to perform.
609 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.1
612 ** When Emacs is given a file as a command line argument and
613 'initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, display both the file and
614 'initial-buffer-choice'. When Emacs is given more than one file and
615 'initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, show 'initial-buffer-choice'
616 and '*Buffer List*'. This makes Emacs convenient to use from the
617 command line when 'initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil.
620 ** The value of 'initial-scratch-message' is now treated as a doc string
621 and can contain escape sequences for command keys, quotes, and the like.
624 ** The default height of GUI frames was enlarged.
625 This is so there's enough space in the initial window to display the
626 optional text about recovering crashes sessions, without losing the
627 splash image display.
630 * Changes in Emacs 25.1
633 ** Xwidgets: a new feature for embedding native widgets inside Emacs buffers.
634 If you have gtk3 and webkitgtk3 installed, and Emacs was built with
635 xwidget support, you can access the embedded webkit browser with 'M-x
636 xwidget-webkit-browse-url'. This opens a new buffer with the embedded
637 browser. The buffer will have a new mode, 'xwidget-webkit-mode'
638 (similar to 'image-mode'), which supports the webkit widget.
641 *** New functions for xwidget-webkit mode 'xwidget-webkit-insert-string',
642 'xwidget-webkit-adjust-size-dispatch', 'xwidget-webkit-back',
643 'xwidget-webkit-browse-url', 'xwidget-webkit-reload',
644 'xwidget-webkit-current-url', 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-backward',
645 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-forward', 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-down',
646 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-up'.
649 ** Emacs can now load shared/dynamic libraries (modules).
650 A dynamic Emacs module is a shared library that provides additional
651 functionality for use in Emacs Lisp programs, just like a package
652 written in Emacs Lisp would. The functions 'load', 'require',
653 'load-file', etc. were extended to load such modules, as they do with
654 Emacs Lisp packages. The new variable 'module-file-suffix' holds the
655 system-dependent value of the file-name extension ('.so' on Posix
656 hosts) of the module files.
658 A module should export a C-callable function named
659 'emacs_module_init', which Emacs will call as part of the call to
660 'load' or 'require' which loads the module. It should also export a
661 symbol named 'plugin_is_GPL_compatible' to indicate that its code is
662 released under the GPL or compatible license; Emacs will refuse to
663 load modules that don't export such a symbol.
665 If a module needs to call Emacs functions, it should do so through the
666 API defined and documented in the header file 'emacs-module.h'. Note
667 that any module that provides Lisp-callable functions will have to use
668 Emacs functions such as 'fset' and 'funcall', in order to register its
669 functions with the Emacs Lisp interpreter.
671 Modules can create 'user-ptr' Lisp objects that embed pointers to C
672 structs defined by the module. This is useful for keeping around
673 complex data structures created by a module, to be passed back to the
674 module's functions. User-ptr objects can also have associated
675 "finalizers" -- functions to be run when the object is GC'ed; this is
676 useful for freeing any resources allocated for the underlying data
677 structure, such as memory, open file descriptors, etc. A new
678 predicate 'user-ptrp' returns non-nil if its argument is a 'user-ptr'
681 Loadable modules in Emacs are an experimental feature, and subject to
682 change in future releases. For that reason, their support is disabled
683 by default, and must be enabled by using the '--with-modules' option
687 ** Network security (TLS/SSL certificate validity and the like) is
688 added via the new Network Security Manager (NSM) and controlled via
689 the 'network-security-level' variable.
692 ** 'C-h l' now also lists the commands that were run.
695 ** 'x-select-enable-clipboard' is renamed 'select-enable-clipboard'
696 and 'x-select-enable-primary' is renamed 'select-enable-primary'.
697 Additionally they both now apply to all systems (OSX, GNUstep, Windows, you
698 name it), with the proviso that on some systems (e.g. Windows)
699 'select-enable-primary' is ineffective since the system doesn't
700 have the equivalent of a primary selection.
703 ** New option 'switch-to-buffer-in-dedicated-window' allows you to
704 customize how 'switch-to-buffer' proceeds interactively when the
705 selected window is strongly dedicated to its buffer.
708 ** The option 'even-window-heights' has been renamed to
709 'even-window-sizes' and now handles window widths as well.
712 ** 'terpri' gets an optional arg ENSURE to conditionally output a newline.
715 ** 'insert-register' now leaves point after the inserted text
716 when called interactively. A prefix argument toggles this behavior.
719 ** The new variable 'term-file-aliases' replaces some files from lisp/term.
720 The function 'tty-run-terminal-initialization' consults this variable
721 when deciding what terminal-specific initialization code to run.
724 ** New variable 'system-configuration-features', listing some of the
725 main features that Emacs was compiled with. This is mainly intended
726 for use in Emacs bug reports.
729 ** A password is now hidden also when typed in batch mode. Another
730 hiding character but the default '.' can be used by let-binding the
731 variable 'read-hide-char'.
734 ** The Emacs pseudo-random number generator can be securely seeded.
735 On systems where Emacs can access the system entropy or some other
736 cryptographically secure random stream, it now uses that when 'random'
737 is called with its argument t. This allows cryptographically strong
738 random values; in particular, the Emacs server now uses this facility
739 to produce its authentication key.
742 ** New input methods: 'tamil-dvorak' and 'programmer-dvorak'.
745 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.1
748 ** 'M-x' suggests shorthands and ignores obsolete commands for completion.
753 *** Successive single-char deletions are collapsed in the undo-log just like
754 successive char insertions. Which commands invoke this behavior is
755 controlled by the new 'undo-auto-amalgamate' function. See the node
756 "Undo" in the ELisp manual for more details.
759 *** The heuristic used to insert 'undo-boundary' after each command
760 has changed, so that if a command causes changes in more than just the
761 current buffer, Emacs now calls 'undo-boundary' in every buffer
762 affected by the command.
765 ** New command 'comment-line' bound to 'C-x C-;'.
767 ** New and improved facilities for inserting Unicode characters
770 *** Unicode names entered via 'C-x 8 RET' now use substring completion
774 *** 'C-x 8' now has shorthands for several chars, such as U+2010
775 (HYPHEN), U+2011 (NON-BREAKING HYPHEN), and U+2012 (FIGURE DASH). As
776 before, you can type 'C-x 8 C-h' to list shorthands.
779 *** New minor mode 'electric-quote-mode' for using curved quotes as you
780 type. See also the new variable 'text-quoting-style'.
783 ** New minor mode 'global-eldoc-mode' is enabled by default.
786 ** Emacs now uses "bracketed paste mode" on text terminals that support it.
787 Bracketed paste mode causes text terminals to wrap pasted text in special
788 escape sequences that allow Emacs to tell the difference between text
789 you type and text you paste from other applications. Emacs then
790 avoids interpreting each character in the pasted text as it does with
791 keyboard input, which results in a paste experience similar to that
792 under a window system, and significant performance improvements when
793 pasting large amounts of text.
795 Bracketed paste mode is disabled by default, so Emacs automatically
796 enables it at startup if the terminal supports it.
799 ** Emacs now supports the latest version of the UBA.
800 The Emacs implementation of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm (UBA)
801 was updated to support all the latest additions and changes introduced
802 in Unicode Standard versions 6.3, 7.0, and the latest Unicode 8.0.
803 This includes full support for directional isolates and the
804 Bidirectional Parentheses Algorithm (BPA) specified by these Unicode
808 ** You can access 'mouse-buffer-menu' ('C-down-mouse-1') using 'C-f10'.
811 ** New buffer-local 'electric-pair-local-mode'.
814 ** New variable 'fast-but-imprecise-scrolling' inhibits
815 fontification during full screen scrolling operations, giving less
816 hesitant operation during auto-repeat of 'C-v', 'M-v' at the cost of
817 possible inaccuracies in the end position.
820 ** New documentation command 'describe-symbol'.
821 Works for functions, variables, faces, etc. It is bound to 'C-h o' by
825 ** New function 'custom-prompt-customize-unsaved-options' checks for
826 unsaved customizations and prompts user to customize (if found). It
827 is intended for adding to 'kill-emacs-query-functions'.
830 ** The old 'C-x w' bindings in 'hi-lock-mode' are officially deprecated
831 in favor of the global 'M-s h' bindings introduced in Emacs 23.1.
832 They'll disappear soon.
835 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
840 *** New command 'checkdoc-package-keywords' checks if the
841 current package keywords are recognized. Set the new option
842 'checkdoc-package-keywords-flag' to non-nil to make
843 'checkdoc-current-buffer' call this function automatically.
846 *** New function 'checkdoc-file' checks for style errors.
847 It's meant for use together with 'compile':
848 emacs -batch --eval "(checkdoc-file \"subr.el\")"
853 *** The desktop format version has been upgraded from 206 to 208.
854 Although Emacs 25.1 can read a version 206 desktop, earlier Emacsen
855 cannot read a version 208 desktop. To upgrade your desktop file, you
856 must explicitly request the upgrade, by 'C-u M-x desktop-save'. You are
857 recommended to do this as soon as you have firmly upgraded to Emacs
858 25.1 (or later). Should you ever need to downgrade your desktop file
859 to version 206, you can do this with 'C-u C-u M-x desktop-save'.
862 *** desktop-restore-in-current-display now defaults to t, not nil.
863 That is, Emacs by default now restores frames into the current display.
866 ** New function 'bookmark-set-no-overwrite' bound to 'C-x r M'.
867 It raises an error if a bookmark of that name already exists,
868 unlike 'bookmark-set' which silently updates an existing bookmark.
873 *** New user options 'mm-html-inhibit-images' and 'mm-html-blocked-images'
874 now control how mm-* functions fetch and display images in an HTML
875 message. Gnus still uses 'gnus-inhibit-images' and 'gnus-blocked-images'
876 for that purpose, i.e., binds mm-html- variables with those gnus-
877 variables, but other packages do not have to bind gnus- variables now.
880 *** 'mm-inline-text-html-with-images' has been removed.
881 Use 'mm-html-inhibit-images' instead. Note that the value is opposite
887 *** 'imap-ssl-program' has been removed, and imap.el uses the internal
888 GnuTLS encryption functions if possible.
893 *** 'json-pretty-print' and 'json-pretty-print-buffer' now maintain
894 the ordering of object keys by default.
897 *** New commands 'json-pretty-print-ordered' and
898 'json-pretty-print-buffer-ordered' pretty prints JSON objects with
899 object keys sorted alphabetically.
901 ** Prettify Symbols mode
904 *** Prettify Symbols mode supports custom composition predicates. By
905 overriding the default 'prettify-symbols-compose-predicate', modes can
906 specify in which contexts a symbol may be displayed as some Unicode
907 character. 'prettify-symbols-default-compose-p' is the default which
908 is suitable for most programming languages such as C or Lisp (but not
912 *** Symbols can be unprettified while point is inside them.
913 New variable 'prettify-symbols-unprettify-at-point' configures this.
915 ** Enhanced xterm support
918 *** The new variable 'xterm-screen-extra-capabilities' for configuring xterm.
919 This variable tells Emacs which advanced capabilities are available in
920 the xterm terminal emulator used to display Emacs text-mode frames.
921 The default is to check each capability, and use it if available.
922 (This variable was introduced in Emacs 24.1, but was not announced in
926 *** Killing text now also sets the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection
927 in the surrounding GUI (using the OSC-52 escape sequence). This only works
928 if your xterm supports it and enables the 'allowWindowOps' options (disabled
929 by default at least in Debian, for security reasons).
931 Similarly, you can yank the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection (using the OSC-52
932 escape sequence) if your xterm has the feature enabled but for that you
933 additionally need to add 'getSelection' to 'xterm-extra-capabilities'.
936 *** 'xterm-mouse-mode' now supports mouse-tracking (if your xterm supports it).
939 ** The way to turn on and off 'save-place' mode has changed.
940 It is no longer sufficient to load the saveplace library and set
941 'save-place' non-nil. Instead, use the two new minor modes:
942 'save-place-mode' turns on saving last place in every file, and
943 'save-place-local-mode' does that only for the file in whose buffer it
944 is invoked. The 'save-place' variable is now an obsolete alias for
945 'save-place-mode', which replaces it, and 'toggle-save-place' is an
946 obsolete alias for the new 'save-place-local-mode' command.
951 *** ERC can now hide message types by network or channel.
952 'erc-hide-list' will hide all messages of the specified type, while
953 'erc-network-hide-list' and 'erc-channel-hide-list' will only hide the
954 specified message types for the respective specified targets.
957 *** Reconnection is now asynchronous.
960 *** Nick completion is now case-insensitive again after inadvertently
961 being made case-sensitive in Emacs 24.2.
966 *** New commands, key binds, and menu items.
968 **** '<' and '>' for navigating previous and next tracks in playlist
970 **** New play/pause command 'mpc-toggle-play' bound to 's'
972 **** 'g' bound to new command 'mpc-seek-current' will navigate current
975 **** New commands 'mpc-toggle-{consume,repeat,single,shuffle}' for
976 toggling playback modes.
979 *** Now supports connecting to a UNIX domain socket.
982 *** Looks at more image file names to use as album art.
983 Case-insensitively tries for .folder.png (freedesktop) and folder.jpg
984 (XP) in addition to cover.jpg.
987 *** Searches in more locations for MPD configuration files.
988 MPD supports the XDG base directory specification since version 0.17.6.
993 *** 'midnight-mode' is now a proper minor mode.
996 *** clean-buffer-*-regexps can now specify buffers via predicate functions.
1001 *** New "external" package status.
1002 An external package is any installed package that's not built-in and
1003 not from 'package-user-dir', which usually means it's from an entry in
1004 'package-directory-list'. They are treated much like built-in
1005 packages, in that they cannot be deleted through the package menu and
1006 are not considered for upgrades.
1008 The effect is that a user can manually place a specific version of a
1009 package inside 'package-directory-list' and the package menu will
1010 always respect that.
1013 *** If a package is available on multiple archives and one has higher
1014 priority (as per 'package-archive-priorities') only that one is
1015 listed. This can be configured with 'package-menu-hide-low-priority'.
1018 *** 'package-menu-toggle-hiding' now toggles the hiding of packages.
1019 This includes the above-mentioned low-priority packages, as well as
1020 available packages whose version is lower than the currently installed
1021 version (which were previously impossible to display).
1022 This allows users to downgrade a package if a lower version is
1026 *** When filtering the package menu, keywords starting with "arc:" or
1027 "status:" represent package archive or status, respectively, instead
1031 *** Most functions which involve downloading information now take an
1032 ASYNC argument. If it is non-nil, package.el performs the download(s)
1036 *** New variable 'package-menu-async' controls whether the
1037 package-menu uses asynchronous downloads.
1040 *** 'package-install-from-buffer' and 'package-install-file' work on directories.
1041 This follows the same rules as installing from a .tar file, except the
1042 -pkg file is optional.
1045 *** Packages which are dependencies of other packages cannot be deleted.
1046 The FORCE argument to 'package-delete' overrides this.
1049 *** New custom variable 'package-selected-packages' tracks packages
1050 which were installed by the user (as opposed to installed as
1051 dependencies). This variable can also be manually customized.
1054 *** New command 'package-install-selected-packages' installs all
1055 packages from 'package-selected-packages' which are currently missing.
1058 *** 'package-install' function now takes a DONT-SELECT argument. If
1059 this function is called interactively or if DONT-SELECT is nil, add the
1060 package being installed to 'package-selected-packages'.
1063 *** New command 'package-autoremove' removes all packages which were
1064 installed strictly as dependencies but are no longer needed.
1069 When you invoke 'shell' interactively, the '*shell*' buffer will now
1070 display in a new window. However, you can customize this behavior via
1071 the 'display-buffer-alist' variable. For example, to get
1072 the old behavior -- '*shell*' buffer displays in current window -- use
1073 (add-to-list 'display-buffer-alist
1074 '("^\\*shell\\*$" . (display-buffer-same-window))).
1078 *** The ':protection' slot option is not obeyed any more.
1080 *** The 'newname' argument to constructors is optional&deprecated.
1081 If you need your objects to be named, do it by inheriting from 'eieio-named'.
1083 *** The <class>-list-p and <class>-child-p functions are declared obsolete.
1085 *** The <class> variables are declared obsolete.
1087 *** The <initarg> variables are declared obsolete.
1089 *** defgeneric and defmethod are declared obsolete.
1090 Use the equivalent facilities from cl-generic.el instead.
1092 *** 'constructor' is now an obsolete alias for 'make-instance'.
1094 *** 'pcase' accepts a new UPattern 'eieio'.
1099 *** New command 'ido-bury-buffer-at-head' bound to 'C-S-b'.
1100 Bury the buffer at the head of 'ido-matches', analogous to how 'C-k'
1101 kills the buffer at head.
1104 *** A prefix argument to 'ido-restrict-to-matches' will reverse its
1105 meaning, and the list is restricted to those elements that do not
1106 match the current input.
1111 *** You can use <UP> and <DOWN> arrow keys to move through history by lines.
1112 The new commands 'next-line-or-history-element' and
1113 'previous-line-or-history-element', bound to <UP> and <DOWN> in the
1114 minibuffer, allow by-line movement through minibuffer history,
1115 similarly to an ordinary buffer. Only when point moves over
1116 the bottom/top of the minibuffer it goes to the next/previous history
1117 element. 'M-p' and 'M-n' still move directly to previous/next history
1120 ** Search and Replace
1123 *** 'isearch' and 'query-replace' can now perform character folding in matches.
1124 This is analogous to case folding, but instead of disregarding case
1125 variants, it disregards wider classes of distinctions between similar
1126 characters. (Case folding is a special case of character folding.)
1127 This means many characters in the search string will match entire
1128 groups of characters instead of just themselves.
1130 For instance, the ASCII double quote character " will match all
1131 variants of double quotes, and the letter 'a' will match all of its
1132 accented cousins, even those composed of multiple characters, as well
1133 as many other symbols like U+249C (PARENTHESIZED LATIN SMALL LETTER
1136 Character folding is enabled by customizing 'search-default-mode' to
1137 the value 'char-fold-to-regexp'. You can also toggle character
1138 folding in the middle of a search by typing 'M-s ''.
1140 'query-replace' honors character folding if the new variable
1141 'replace-char-fold' is customized to a non-nil value.
1144 *** New user option 'search-default-mode'.
1145 This option specifies the default mode for Isearch. The default
1146 value, nil specifies that Isearch does literal searches (however,
1147 'case-fold-search' and 'isearch-lax-whitespace' may still be applied,
1148 as in previous Emacs versions).
1151 *** New function 'char-fold-to-regexp' can be used
1152 by searching commands to produce a regexp matching anything that
1153 char-folds into STRING.
1156 *** The new 'M-s M-w' key binding uses eww to search the web for the
1157 text in the region. The search engine to use for this is specified by
1158 the customizable variable 'eww-search-prefix'.
1161 *** 'query-replace' history is enhanced.
1162 When 'query-replace' reads the FROM string from the minibuffer, typing
1163 'M-p' will now show previous replacements as "FROM SEP TO", where FROM
1164 and TO are the original text and its replacement, and SEP is an arrow
1165 string defined by the new variable 'query-replace-from-to-separator'.
1166 To select a prior replacement, type 'M-p' until the desired
1167 replacement appears in the minibuffer, and then exit the minibuffer by
1172 *** If 'quick-calc' is called with a prefix argument, insert the
1173 result of the calculation into the current buffer.
1176 ** In Edebug, you can now set the initial mode with 'C-x C-a C-m'.
1177 With this you can tell Edebug not to stop at the start of the first
1178 instrumented function.
1183 *** New minor mode 'global-eldoc-mode'.
1184 It is turned on by default, and affects '*scratch*' and other buffers
1185 whose major mode supports Emacs Lisp.
1188 *** 'eldoc-documentation-function' now defaults to 'ignore'.
1191 *** 'describe-char-eldoc' displays information about character at point,
1192 and can be used as a default value of 'eldoc-documentation-function'. It is
1193 useful when, for example, one needs to distinguish various spaces - e.g.,
1194 U+00A0 (NO-BREAK SPACE), U+2002 (EN SPACE), and U+2009 (THIN SPACE) - while
1195 using mono-spaced font.
1200 *** HTML can now be rendered using variable-width fonts.
1203 *** A new command 'F' ('eww-toggle-fonts') can be used to toggle
1204 whether to use variable-pitch fonts or not. The user can also
1205 customize the 'shr-use-fonts' variable.
1208 *** A new command 'R' ('eww-readable') will try do identify the main
1209 textual parts of a web page and display only that, leaving menus and
1210 the like off the page.
1213 *** A new command 'D' ('eww-toggle-paragraph-direction') allows you to
1214 toggle the paragraph direction between left-to-right and right-to-left.
1217 *** You can now use several eww buffers in parallel by renaming eww
1218 buffers you want to keep separate.
1221 *** Partial state of the eww buffers (the URIs and the titles of the
1222 pages visited) is now preserved in the desktop file.
1225 *** 'eww-after-render-hook' is now called after eww has rendered
1226 the data in the buffer.
1229 *** The 'eww-reload' command now takes a prefix to not reload via
1230 the net, but just use the local copy of the HTML.
1233 *** The DOM shr and eww uses has been changed to the general Emacs
1234 xml.el/libxml2 DOM, and a new package dom.el has been added to
1235 interact with this DOM. See the Emacs Lisp manual for interface
1239 *** 'mailcap-mime-data' is now consulted when displaying PDF files.
1242 *** The new 'S' command will list all eww buffers, and allow managing
1246 *** https pages with valid certificates have headers marked in green, while
1247 invalid certificates are marked in red.
1252 *** text/html messages that contain inline image parts will be
1253 transformed into multipart/related messages before sending.
1256 ** In Show Paren Mode, a parenthesis can be highlighted when point
1257 stands inside it, and certain parens can be highlighted when point is
1258 at BOL or EOL, or in whitespace there. To enable these, customize,
1259 respectively, 'show-paren-when-point-inside-paren' or
1260 'show-paren-when-point-in-periphery'.
1263 ** If gpg2 exists on the system, it is now used as the default value
1264 of 'epg-gpg-program' (instead of gpg).
1269 *** Strings after ':documentation' are highlighted as docstrings.
1270 This enhances Lisp mode fontification to handle documentation of the
1271 form '(:documentation "the doc string")' used in Common Lisp code for
1272 CLOS class and slot documentation.
1274 ** Rectangle editing
1277 *** Rectangle Mark mode can have corners past EOL or in the middle of a TAB.
1280 *** 'C-x C-x' in 'rectangle-mark-mode' now cycles through the four corners.
1281 *** 'string-rectangle' provides on-the-fly preview of the result.
1284 ** New font-lock functions 'font-lock-ensure' and 'font-lock-flush'.
1285 These should be used in preference to 'font-lock-fontify-buffer' when
1289 ** Macro 'minibuffer-with-setup-hook' can optionally append a function
1290 to 'minibuffer-setup-hook'.
1292 If the first argument of the macro is of the form '(:append FUN)',
1293 then FUN will be appended to 'minibuffer-setup-hook', instead of
1298 *** New functions 'cl-fresh-line', 'cl-digit-char-p', and 'cl-parse-integer'.
1301 *** 'pcase' accepts the new UPattern 'cl-struct'.
1303 ** Calendar and diary
1306 *** The default 'diary-file' is now located in "~/.emacs.d".
1309 *** New commands to insert diary entries with Chinese dates:
1310 'diary-chinese-insert-anniversary-entry' 'diary-chinese-insert-entry'
1311 'diary-chinese-insert-monthly-entry', 'diary-chinese-insert-yearly-entry'.
1314 *** The calendar can now list and mark diary entries with Chinese dates.
1315 See 'diary-chinese-list-entries' and 'diary-chinese-mark-entries'.
1318 *** The option 'calendar-mode-line-format' can now be nil,
1319 which means to do nothing special with the mode line in calendars.
1322 *** New option 'calendar-weekend-days'.
1323 The option customizes which day headers receive the
1324 'calendar-weekend-header' face.
1327 *** New optional args N and STRING for 'holiday-greek-orthodox-easter'.
1330 *** Many items obsolete since at least version 23.1 have been removed.
1331 The majority were function/variable/face aliases, too numerous to list here.
1334 **** Functions 'calendar-one-frame-setup', 'calendar-only-one-frame-setup',
1335 'calendar-two-frame-setup', 'european-calendar', 'american-calendar'.
1337 **** Hooks 'cal-menu-load-hook', 'cal-x-load-hook'.
1339 **** Macro 'calendar-for-loop'.
1341 **** Variables 'european-calendar-style', 'diary-face', 'hebrew-holidays-{1,4}'.
1343 **** The nil and list forms of 'diary-display-function'.
1346 ** New ERT function 'ert-summarize-tests-batch-and-exit'.
1347 If the output of ERT tests in batch mode execution can be saved to a
1348 log file, then it can be passed as an argument to the above function
1349 to produce a neat summary.
1352 ** New js.el option 'js-indent-first-init'.
1357 ** Info mode now displays symbol names in fixed-pitch font.
1358 If you want to get the old behavior back, customize the 'Info-quoted'
1359 face to use the same definitions as the default face.
1362 *** 'Info-fontify-maximum-menu-size' can be t for no limit.
1365 *** 'info-display-manual' can now be given a prefix argument which (any
1366 non-nil value) directs the command to limit the completion
1367 alternatives to currently visited manuals.
1370 ** ntlm.el has support for NTLM2.
1375 *** The Rmail commands 'd', 'C-d' and 'u' take optional repeat counts
1376 to delete or undelete multiple messages.
1379 *** Rmail can now render HTML mail messages if your Emacs was built with
1380 libxml2 or if you have the Lynx browser installed. By default, Rmail
1381 will display the HTML version of a mail message that has both HTML and
1382 plain text parts, if display of HTML email is possible; customize the
1383 'rmail-mime-prefer-html' option to nil if you don't want that.
1386 *** In the commands that make summaries by subject, recipients, or senders,
1387 you can no longer use commas to separate regular expressions.
1390 ** SES now supports local printer functions; see 'ses-define-local-printer'.
1392 ** Shell-script Mode
1394 *** In sh-mode you can now use 'sh-shell' as a file-local variable to
1395 specify the type of shell in use (bash, csh, etc).
1398 *** New value 'always' for 'sh-indent-after-continuation'.
1399 This provides old-style ("dumb") indentation of continued lines.
1400 See the doc string of 'sh-indent-after-continuation' for details.
1404 *** Fatal TLS errors are now silent by default.
1407 *** If Emacs isn't built with TLS support, an external TLS-capable
1408 program is used instead. This program used to be run in --insecure
1409 mode by default, but has now changed to be secure instead, and will
1410 fail if you try to connect to non-verifiable hosts. This is
1411 controlled by the 'tls-program' variable.
1416 *** The URL package accepts now the protocols "ssh", "scp" and "rsync".
1417 When 'url-handler-mode' is enabled, file operations for these
1418 protocols as well as for "telnet" and "ftp" are passed to Tramp.
1421 *** The URL package allows customizing the 'url-user-agent' string.
1422 The new 'url-user-agent' variable can be customized to be a string or
1426 *** The new interface variable 'url-request-noninteractive' can be used
1427 to specify that we're running in a noninteractive context, and that
1428 we should not be queried about things like TLS certificate validity.
1431 *** 'url-mime-accept-string' can now be used as in "interface"
1432 variable, meaning you can bind it around an 'url-retrieve' call.
1435 *** If URL is used with a https connection, the first callback argument
1436 PLIST will contain a :peer element that has the output of
1437 'gnutls-peer-status' (if Emacs is built with GnuTLS support).
1442 *** New connection method "afp", which allows you to access Mac OS X
1443 volumes via the Apple Filing Protocol.
1446 *** New connection method "nc", which allows you to access dumb
1450 *** Method-specific parameters can be overwritten now with variable
1451 'tramp-connection-properties'.
1454 *** Handler for 'file-notify-valid-p' for remote machines that support
1455 filesystem notifications.
1460 *** New user variable 'sql-default-directory' enables remote
1461 connections using Tramp.
1464 *** New command 'sql-send-line-and-next'.
1465 This command, bound to 'C-c C-n' by default, sends the current line to
1466 the SQL process and advances to the next line, skipping whitespace and
1470 *** Added support for Vertica SQL.
1472 ** VC and related modes
1475 *** Basic push support, via 'vc-push', bound to 'C-x v P'.
1476 Implemented for Bzr, Git, Hg. As part of this change, the pre-existing
1477 (undocumented) command 'vc-hg-push' now behaves slightly differently.
1480 *** The new command 'vc-region-history' shows the log+diff of the active region.
1483 *** You can refresh the VC state of a file buffer with 'M-x vc-refresh-state'.
1484 This command is useful when you perform version control commands
1485 outside Emacs (e.g., from the shell prompt), or if you switch the VC
1486 back-end for the buffer's file, or remove it from version control.
1489 *** New option 'vc-annotate-background-mode' controls whether
1490 the color range from 'vc-annotate-color-map' is applied to the
1491 background or to the foreground.
1494 *** New options for customizing encoding of Git commit log messages.
1495 The new user options 'vc-git-commits-coding-system' and
1496 'vc-git-log-output-coding-system' specify the encoding of log messages
1497 sent to Git when committing, and the decoding of log messages read
1498 from Git history commands. These options default to UTF-8; if
1499 customized, they should be consistent with the Git config variables
1500 i18n.commitEncoding and i18n.logOutputEncoding.
1501 ('vc-git-commits-coding-system' existed previously, but was a
1502 variable, not a user option.)
1505 *** 'compare-windows' now compares text with the most recently selected window
1506 instead of the next window. If you want the previous behavior of
1507 comparing with the next window, customize the new option
1508 'compare-windows-get-window-function' to the value
1509 'compare-windows-get-next-window'.
1512 *** Two new faces 'compare-windows-removed' and 'compare-windows-added'
1513 replace the face 'compare-windows', which is now an obsolete alias for
1514 'compare-windows-added'.
1517 *** The VC state indicator in the mode line now has different faces
1518 corresponding to each of the possible states. See the 'vc-faces'
1519 customization group.
1522 *** 'log-edit-insert-changelog' converts "(tiny change)" to
1523 "Copyright-paperwork-exempt: yes". Set 'log-edit-rewrite-tiny-change'
1524 nil to disable this.
1527 *** vc-mcvs.el has been removed.
1530 ** VHDL mode now supports VHDL'08.
1535 *** Decimal display mode uses "," groups, so it's more
1536 fitting for use in money calculations
1539 *** Factorial works with non-integer inputs.
1544 *** Hide-IfDef mode now support full C/C++ expressions in macros,
1545 macro argument expansion, interactive macro evaluation and automatic
1546 scanning of #define'd symbols.
1549 *** New command 'hif-evaluate-macro', bound to 'C-c @ e', displays the
1550 result of evaluating a macro.
1553 *** New command 'hif-clear-all-ifdef-define', bound to 'C-c @ C', clears
1554 all defined symbols in 'hide-ifdef-env'.
1557 *** New custom variable 'hide-ifdef-header-regexp' to define C/C++ header
1558 file name patterns. Defaults to files whose extension is one of '.h',
1559 '.hh', '.hpp', '.hxx', or '.h++', matched case-insensitively.
1562 *** New custom variable 'hide-ifdef-expand-reinclusion-protection' to prevent
1563 reinclusion protected (a.k.a. "idempotent") header files from being hidden.
1564 (This could happen when an idempotent header file is visited again,
1565 when its guard symbol is already defined.) Defaults to t.
1568 *** New custom variable 'hide-ifdef-exclude-define-regexp' to define symbol
1569 name patterns (e.g. all "FOR_DOXYGEN_ONLY_*") to be ignored when
1570 looking for macro definitions. By default, no symbols are ignored.
1575 *** New custom variable 'tex-print-file-extension' to help users who
1576 use PDF instead of DVI.
1579 *** TeX mode now supports Prettify Symbols mode. When enabling
1580 'prettify-symbols-mode' in a tex-mode buffer, \alpha ... \omega, and
1581 many other math macros are displayed using unicode characters.
1584 ** New 'big-indent' style in 'whitespace-mode' highlights deep indentation.
1585 By default, 32 consecutive spaces or four consecutive TABs are
1586 considered to be too deep, but the new variable
1587 'whitespace-big-indent-regexp' can be customized to change that.
1590 ** New options in 'tildify-mode'.
1591 New options 'tildify-space-string', 'tildify-pattern', and
1592 'tildify-foreach-region-function' variables make
1593 'tildify-string-alist', 'tildify-pattern-alist', and
1594 'tildify-ignored-environments-alist' variables (as well as a few
1595 helper functions) obsolete.
1598 ** New package Xref replaces Etags's front-end and UI.
1600 The new package Xref provides a generic framework and new commands to
1601 find and move to definitions of functions, macros, data structures
1602 etc., as well as go back to the location where you were before moving
1603 to a definition. It supersedes and obsoletes many Etags commands,
1604 while still using the etags.el code that reads the TAGS tables as one
1607 The command 'xref-find-definitions' replaces 'find-tag' and provides
1608 an interface to pick one definition among several.
1609 'tags-loop-continue' is now unbound. 'xref-pop-marker-stack' replaces
1610 'pop-tag-mark', but has a keybinding ('M-,') different from the one
1611 'pop-tag-mark' used.
1613 'xref-find-definitions-other-window' replaces 'find-tag-other-window'.
1614 'xref-find-definitions-other-frame' replaces 'find-tag-other-frame'.
1615 'xref-find-apropos' replaces 'find-tag-regexp'.
1617 As a result of this, the following commands are now obsolete:
1618 'find-tag-other-window', 'find-tag-other-frame', 'find-tag-regexp',
1621 'tags-loop-continue' is not obsolete because it's still useful in
1622 'tags-search' and 'tags-query-replace', for which there are no direct
1626 *** Variants of 'tags-search' and 'tags-query-replace' in Dired were also
1627 replaced by xref-style commands, see the "Dired" section below.
1632 'find-tag-marker-ring-length' is now an obsolete alias for
1633 'xref-marker-ring-length'. 'find-tag-marker-ring' is now an obsolete
1634 alias for a private variable. 'xref-push-marker-stack' and
1635 'xref-pop-marker-stack' should be used instead to manipulate the stack
1636 of searches for definitions.
1639 *** 'xref-find-definitions' and 'describe-function' now display
1640 information about mode local overrides (defined by cedet/mode-local.el
1641 'define-overloadable-function' 'define-mode-local-overrides').
1643 The framework's Lisp API is still experimental and can change in major,
1644 backward-incompatible ways.
1647 ** New package Project
1649 The new package Project provides generic infrastructure for dealing
1650 with projects. The main commands included in it are
1651 'project-find-file' and 'project-find-regexp'.
1653 The Lisp API of this package is still experimental.
1656 EUDC's LDAP backend has been improved.
1659 *** EUDC supports LDAP-over-SSL URLs (ldaps://).
1662 *** EUDC passes LDAP passwords through a pipe to the ldapsearch
1663 subprocess instead of on the command line.
1666 *** EUDC handles LDAP wildcards automatically so the user shouldn't
1667 need to configure this manually anymore.
1670 *** The LDAP configuration section of EUDC's manual has been
1673 There have also been customization changes.
1676 *** New custom variable 'eudc-server-hotlist' to allow specifying
1677 multiple EUDC servers in init file.
1680 *** Custom variable 'eudc-inline-query-format' defaults to completing
1681 on email and firstname instead of surname.
1684 *** Custom variable 'eudc-expansion-overwrites-query' defaults to nil
1685 to avoid interfering with the kill ring.
1688 *** Custom variable 'eudc-inline-expansion-format' defaults to
1689 "Firstname Surname <mail-address>".
1692 *** Custom variable 'eudc-options-file' defaults to
1693 "~/.emacs.d/eudc-options".
1696 *** New custom variable 'ldap-ldapsearch-password-prompt-regexp' to
1697 allow overriding the regular expression that recognizes the ldapsearch
1698 command line's password prompt.
1701 EUDC's BBDB backend now supports BBDB 3.
1704 EUDC's PH backend (eudcb-ph.el) is obsolete.
1709 *** The new built-in command 'clear' can scroll window contents out of sight.
1710 If provided with an optional non-nil argument, the scrollback contents
1714 *** New buffer syntax '#<buffer-name>', which is equivalent to
1715 '#<buffer buffer-name>'. This shorthand makes interacting with
1716 buffers from eshell more convenient. Custom variable
1717 'eshell-buffer-shorthand', which has been broken for a while, has been
1721 *** By default, eshell "visual" program buffers (created by
1722 'eshell-visual-commands' and similar custom vars) are no longer killed
1723 when their processes die. This fixes issues with short-lived commands
1724 and makes visual programs more useful in general. For example, if
1725 "git log" is a visual command, it will always show the visual command
1726 buffer, even if the "git log" process dies. For the old behavior,
1727 make the new option 'eshell-destroy-buffer-when-process-dies' non-nil.
1732 *** Support for the Google Chrome web browser.
1735 *** Support for the Conkeror web browser.
1738 *** Support for several ancient browsers is now officially obsolete.
1741 ** 'tar-mode': new 'tar-new-entry' command, allowing for new members to
1742 be added to the archive.
1747 *** Dired buffers are also auto-reverted via file notifications, if
1748 Emacs is compiled with file notification support.
1751 *** 'auto-revert-use-notify' is set to nil in 'global-auto-revert-mode'.
1752 See <http://debbugs.gnu.org/22814>.
1754 ** File Notifications
1757 *** The kqueue library is integrated for *BSD and Mac OS X machines.
1760 *** The new event 'stopped' signals, that a file notification watch is
1761 not active any longer.
1764 *** The new function 'file-notify-valid-p' checks, whether a file
1765 notification descriptor still corresponds to an activate watch.
1770 *** The command 'dired-do-compress', bound to 'Z', now can compress
1771 directories and decompress zip files.
1774 *** New command 'dired-do-compress-to', bound to 'c', can be used to
1775 compress many marked files into a single named archive. The
1776 compression command is determined from the new
1777 'dired-compress-files-alist' variable.
1780 *** New user interface for the 'A' and 'Q' commands.
1781 These keys, now bound to 'dired-do-find-regexp' and
1782 'dired-do-find-regexp-and-replace', work similarly to 'xref-find-apropos'
1783 and 'xref-query-replace-in-results': they present the matches
1784 in the '*xref*' buffer and let you move through the matches. No need
1785 to use 'tags-loop-continue' to resume the search or replace loop. The
1786 previous commands, 'dired-do-search' and
1787 'dired-do-query-replace-regexp', are still available, but not bound to
1788 keys; rebind 'A' and 'Q' to invoke them if you want the old behavior
1789 back. We intend to obsolete the old commands in a future release.
1791 ** Tabulated List Mode
1794 *** It is now safe for a mode that derives 'tabulated-list-mode' to not
1795 call 'tabulated-list-init-header', in which case it will have no
1799 *** 'tabulated-list-print' takes a second optional argument, UPDATE,
1800 which specifies an alternative printing method which is faster when
1801 few or no entries have changed.
1803 ** Obsolete packages
1809 *** landmark.el (moved to elpa.gnu.org)
1812 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
1815 ** pinentry.el allows GnuPG passphrase to be prompted through the
1816 minibuffer instead of a graphical dialog, depending on whether the gpg
1817 command is called from Emacs (i.e., INSIDE_EMACS environment variable
1818 is set). This feature requires newer versions of GnuPG (2.1.5 or
1819 later) and Pinentry (0.9.5 or later). To use this feature, add
1820 "allow-emacs-pinentry" to "~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf" and reload the
1821 configuration with "gpgconf --reload gpg-agent".
1824 ** cl-generic.el provides CLOS-style multiple-dispatch generic functions.
1825 The main entry points are 'cl-defgeneric' and 'cl-defmethod'. See the
1826 node "Generic Functions" in the Emacs Lisp manual for more details.
1829 ** 'scss-mode' (a minor variant of 'css-mode') is a major mode for editing
1830 SCSS (Sassy CSS) files.
1833 ** 'let-alist' is a new macro (and a package) that allows one to easily
1834 let-bind the values stored in an alist.
1837 ** 'tildify-mode' allows automatic insertion of hard spaces as one
1838 types the text. Breaking line after a single-character words is
1839 forbidden by Czech and Polish typography (and may be discouraged in
1840 other languages), so 'auto-tildify-mode' makes it easier to create
1841 a typographically-correct documents.
1844 ** The 'seq' library adds sequence manipulation functions and macros
1845 that complement basic functions provided by subr.el. All functions
1846 are prefixed with 'seq-' and work on lists, strings and vectors.
1847 'pcase' accepts a new Upattern 'seq'.
1850 ** The 'map' library provides map-manipulation functions that work on
1851 alists, hash-table and arrays. All functions are prefixed with
1852 'map-'. 'pcase' accepts a new UPattern 'map'.
1855 ** The 'thunk' library provides functions and macros to control the
1856 evaluation of forms.
1859 ** 'js-jsx-mode' (a minor variant of 'js-mode') provides indentation
1860 support for JSX, an XML-like syntax extension to ECMAScript.
1863 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
1866 ** 'setq' and 'setf' must now be called with an even number of
1867 arguments. The earlier behavior of silently supplying a nil to the
1868 last variable when there was an odd number of arguments has been
1872 ** 'syntax-begin-function' is declared obsolete.
1873 Removed 'font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function' and the SYNTAX-BEGIN
1874 slot in 'font-lock-defaults'.
1877 ** The new implementation of Subword mode affects word movement everywhere.
1878 When Subword mode is turned on, 'forward-word', 'backward-word', and
1879 everything that uses them will move by sub-words, effectively
1880 overriding the buffer's syntax table. Lisp programs that shouldn't be
1881 affected by Subword mode should call the new functions
1882 'forward-word-strictly' and 'backward-word-strictly' instead.
1885 ** 'package-initialize' now sets 'package-enable-at-startup' to nil if
1886 called during startup. Users who call this function in their init
1887 file and still expect it to be run after startup should set
1888 'package-enable-at-startup' to t after the call to
1889 'package-initialize'.
1892 ** ':global' minor mode use 'setq-default' rather than 'setq'.
1893 This means that you can't use 'make-local-variable' and expect them to
1894 "magically" become buffer-local.
1897 ** 'track-mouse' no longer freezes the shape of the mouse pointer.
1898 The 'track-mouse' form no longer refrains from changing the shape of
1899 the mouse pointer for the entire time the body of that form is
1900 executed. Lisp programs that use 'track-mouse' for dragging across
1901 large portions of the Emacs display, and want to avoid changes in the
1902 pointer shape during dragging, should bind the variable 'track-mouse'
1903 to the special value 'dragging' in the body of the form.
1906 ** The optional PREDICATE argument of 'lisp-complete-symbol' no longer
1907 has any effect. (This change was made in Emacs 24.4 but was not
1908 advertised at the time.)
1911 ** 'indirect-function' does not signal 'void-function' any more.
1912 This is mostly a bug-fix, since this change was missed back in 24.4 when
1913 'symbol-function' was changed not to signal 'void-function' any more.
1916 *** As a consequence, the second arg of 'indirect-function' is now obsolete.
1919 ** 'M-x shell' and 'M-x compile' no longer set the EMACS environment variable.
1920 This avoids clashing when other programs use the variable for other purposes.
1921 Although 'M-x term' still sets EMACS for compatibility with Bash 4.3
1922 and earlier, this is deprecated and will be phased out when Bash 4.4
1923 or later takes over. Use the INSIDE_EMACS environment variable instead.
1926 ** 'save-excursion' does not save&restore the mark any more.
1927 Use 'save-mark-and-excursion' if you want the old behavior.
1930 ** 'read-buffer' and 'read-buffer-function' can now be called with a 4th
1931 argument (PREDICATE).
1934 ** 'completion-table-dynamic' by default stays in the minibuffer.
1935 The minibuffer will be the current buffer when the function is called.
1936 If you want the old behavior of calling the function in the buffer
1937 from which the minibuffer was entered, use the new argument
1938 SWITCH-BUFFER to 'completion-table-dynamic'.
1941 ** window-configurations no longer record the buffers' marks.
1944 ** 'inhibit-modification-hooks' now also inhibits lock-file checks, as
1945 well as active region handling.
1948 ** 'deactivate-mark' is now buffer-local.
1951 ** 'cl-the' now asserts that its argument is of the given type.
1954 ** 'process-running-child-p' may now return a numeric process
1955 group ID instead of t.
1958 ** Mouse click events on mode line or header line no longer include
1959 any reference to a buffer position. The 6th member of the mouse
1960 position list returned for such events is now nil.
1963 ** Menu items in keymaps do not support the "key shortcut cache" any more.
1964 These slots used to hold key-shortcut data, but have been obsolete since
1968 ** Emacs no longer downcases the first letter of a system diagnostic
1969 when signaling a file error. For example, it now reports "Permission
1970 denied" instead of "permission denied". The old behavior was problematic
1971 in languages like German where downcasing rules depend on grammar.
1974 ** New variable 'text-quoting-style' to control how Emacs translates quotes.
1975 Set it to 'curve' for curved single quotes, to 'straight' for straight
1976 apostrophes, and to 'grave' for grave accent and apostrophe. The
1977 default value nil acts like 'curve' if curved single quotes are
1978 displayable, and like 'grave' otherwise. The new variable affects
1979 display of diagnostics and help, but not of info. As the variable is
1980 not intended for casual use, it is not a user option.
1983 ** Message-issuing functions like 'message' and 'error' now translate
1984 various sorts of single quotes in their format strings according to
1985 the value of 'text-quoting-style' (see above). This translation
1986 cannot be disabled. To get the old behavior, use 'format', which is
1987 not affected by 'text-quoting-style', e.g., (message "%s" (format
1991 ** 'substitute-command-keys' now replaces quotes.
1992 That is, it converts documentation strings' quoting style as per the
1993 value of 'text-quoting-style'. Doc strings in source code can use
1994 either curved single quotes or grave accents and apostrophes. As
1995 before, characters preceded by \= are output as-is.
1998 ** The character classes [:alpha:] and [:alnum:] in regular expressions
1999 now match multibyte characters using Unicode character properties.
2000 If you want the old behavior where they matched any character with
2001 word syntax, use '\sw' instead.
2004 ** The character classes [:graph:] and [:print:] in regular expressions
2005 no longer match every multibyte character. Instead, Emacs now
2006 consults the Unicode character properties to determine which
2007 characters are graphic or printable. In particular, surrogates and
2008 unassigned codepoints are now rejected. If you want the old behavior,
2009 use [:multibyte:] instead.
2012 ** The 'diff' command uses the unified format now. To restore the old
2013 behavior, set 'diff-switches' to '-c'.
2016 ** 'grep-template' and 'grep-find-template' values don't include the
2017 --color argument anymore. It's added at the <C> place holder position
2018 dynamically. Any third-party code that changes these templates should
2019 be updated accordingly.
2022 ** '(/ N)' is now equivalent to '(/ 1 N)' rather than to '(/ N 1)'.
2023 The new behavior is compatible with Common Lisp and with XEmacs.
2024 This change does not affect Lisp code intended to be portable to
2025 Emacs 24.2 and earlier, which did not support unary '/'.
2028 ** The 'default-directory' value doesn't have to end slash. To make
2029 that happen, 'unhandled-file-name-directory' now defaults to calling
2030 'file-name-as-directory'.
2033 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
2037 *** New UPatterns 'quote', 'app'.
2039 *** New UPatterns can be defined with 'pcase-defmacro'.
2041 *** New vector QPattern.
2044 ** 'syntax-propertize' is now automatically called on-demand during forward
2045 parsing functions like 'forward-sexp'.
2048 ** New hooks 'prefix-command-echo-keystrokes-functions' and
2049 'prefix-command-preserve-state-hook' allow the definition of prefix
2050 commands other than the predefined 'C-u'.
2053 ** New functions 'filepos-to-bufferpos' and 'bufferpos-to-filepos'.
2054 These allow conversion between buffer positions and the corresponding
2055 file byte offsets, given the file's encoding.
2058 ** The default value of 'load-read-function' is now 'read'.
2059 Previously, the default value of nil implied using 'read'.
2062 ** New hook 'pre-redisplay-functions'.
2063 It is a bit easier to use than 'pre-redisplay-function'.
2066 ** The second arg of 'looking-back' should always be provided explicitly.
2067 Previously, it was an optional argument, now it's mandatory.
2070 ** Text properties 'intangible', 'point-entered', and 'point-left' are obsolete.
2071 Replaced by properties 'cursor-intangible' and 'cursor-sensor-functions',
2072 implemented by the new 'cursor-intangible-mode' and
2073 'cursor-sensor-mode' minor modes.
2076 ** 'inhibit-point-motion-hooks' now defaults to t and is obsolete.
2077 Use the new minor modes 'cursor-intangible-mode' and
2078 'cursor-sensor-mode' instead.
2081 ** New process type 'pipe', which can be used in combination with the
2082 ':stderr' keyword of 'make-process' to handle standard error output
2086 ** New function 'make-process' provides an alternative interface to
2087 'start-process'. It allows programs to set process parameters such as
2088 process filter, sentinel, etc., through keyword arguments (similar to
2089 'make-network-process').
2092 ** Subprocesses are automatically told about changes in window dimensions.
2093 The new option 'window-adjust-process-window-size-function' controls
2094 how subprocesses are told to adapt their logical window sizes to
2095 changes in the Emacs window configuration. Its default value calls
2096 'set-process-window-size' with the smallest dimensions of all the
2097 windows that display the subprocess's buffer.
2100 ** A new function 'directory-files-recursively' returns all matching
2101 files (recursively) under a directory.
2104 ** New variable 'inhibit-message', when bound to non-nil, inhibits
2105 'message' and related functions from displaying messages in the echo
2106 area. The output is still logged to the '*Messages*' buffer.
2109 ** A new text property 'inhibit-read-only' can be used in read-only
2110 buffers to allow certain parts of the text to be writable.
2113 ** A new variable 'comment-end-can-be-escaped' is useful in languages
2114 such as C and C++ where line comments with escaped newlines are
2115 continued to the next line.
2118 ** New macro 'define-advice'.
2121 ** Emacs Lisp now supports generators.
2122 See the "Generators" section of the ELisp manual for the details.
2125 ** New finalizer facility for running code when objects become unreachable.
2126 See the "Finalizer Type" subsection in the ELisp manual for the
2130 ** Lexical closures can use '(:documentation FORM)' to build their docstring.
2131 It should be placed right where the docstring would be, and FORM is then
2132 evaluated (and should return a string) when the closure is built.
2135 ** 'define-inline' provides a new way to define inlinable functions.
2138 ** New function 'macroexpand-1' to perform a single step of macro expansion.
2141 ** Some "x-*" functions were obsoleted and/or renamed:
2142 *** 'x-select-text' is renamed 'gui-select-text'.
2143 *** 'x-selection-value' is renamed 'gui-selection-value'.
2144 *** 'x-get-selection' is renamed 'gui-get-selection'.
2145 *** 'x-get-clipboard' and 'x-clipboard-yank' are marked obsolete.
2146 *** 'x-get-selection-value' is renamed to 'gui-get-primary-selection'.
2147 *** 'x-set-selection' is renamed to 'gui-set-selection'.
2150 ** New function 'string-greaterp', which return the opposite result of
2154 ** The new functions 'string-collate-lessp' and 'string-collate-equalp'
2155 preserve the collation order as defined by the system's locale(1)
2156 environment. For the time being this is implemented for modern POSIX
2157 systems and for MS-Windows, for other systems they fall back to their
2158 counterparts 'string-lessp' and 'string-equal'.
2161 *** The ls-lisp package uses 'string-collate-lessp' to sort file names.
2162 The effect is that, on systems that use ls-lisp for Dired, the default
2163 sort order of the files in Dired is now different from what it was in
2164 previous versions of Emacs. In particular, the file names are sorted
2165 disregarding punctuation, accents, and diacritics, and letter case is
2166 ignored. For example, files whose name begin with a period will no
2167 longer appear near the beginning of the directory listing. If you
2168 want the old, locale-independent sorting, customize the new option
2169 'ls-lisp-use-string-collate' to the nil value.
2172 *** The MS-Windows specific variable 'w32-collate-ignore-punctuation',
2173 if set to a non-nil value, causes the above 2 functions to ignore
2174 symbol and punctuation characters when collating strings. This
2175 emulates the behavior of modern Posix platforms when the locale's
2176 codeset is "UTF-8" (as in "en_US.UTF-8"). This is needed because
2177 MS-Windows doesn't support UTF-8 as codeset in its locales.
2180 ** New function 'alist-get', which is also a valid place (aka lvalue).
2183 ** New function 'funcall-interactively', which works like 'funcall'
2184 but makes 'called-interactively-p' treat the function as (you guessed it)
2185 called interactively.
2188 ** New function 'function-put' to use instead of 'put' for function properties.
2191 ** The new function 'bidi-find-overridden-directionality' allows you to
2192 find characters whose directionality was, perhaps maliciously,
2193 overridden by directional override control characters. Lisp programs
2194 can use this to detect potential phishing of URLs and other links that
2195 exploits bidirectional display reordering.
2198 ** The new function 'buffer-substring-with-bidi-context' allows you to
2199 copy a portion of a buffer into a different location while preserving
2200 the visual appearance both of the copied text and the text at
2201 destination, even when the copied text includes mixed bidirectional
2202 text and directional control characters.
2205 ** New properties that can be specified with 'declare':
2206 *** '(interactive-only INSTEAD)', says to use INSTEAD for non-interactive use.
2207 *** '(pure VAL)', if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function is pure.
2208 *** '(side-effect-free VAL)', if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function does not
2212 ** New macro 'with-file-modes', for evaluating expressions with default file
2213 permissions set to temporary values (e.g., for creating private files).
2216 ** You can access the slots of structures using 'cl-struct-slot-value'.
2219 ** Function 'sort' can deal with vectors.
2222 ** Function 'system-name' now returns an updated value if the current
2223 system's name has changed or if the Emacs process has changed systems.
2224 To avoid long waits it no longer consults DNS to canonicalize the name
2225 (in some cases this may affect generated message-id headers - customize
2226 'message-user-fqdn' if this bothers you). The variable 'system-name'
2230 ** Function 'write-region' no longer outputs "Wrote FILE" in batch mode.
2233 ** If 'pwd' is called with a prefix argument, insert the current default
2237 ** New functions return extended information about fonts and faces.
2240 *** The function 'font-info' now returns more details about a font.
2241 In particular, it now returns the average width of the font's
2242 characters, which can be used for geometry-related calculations.
2245 *** A new function 'default-font-width' returns the average width of a
2246 character in the current buffer's default font. If the default face
2247 is remapped (see 'face-remapping-alist'), the value for the remapped
2248 face is returned. This function complements the existing function
2249 'default-font-height'.
2252 *** New functions 'window-font-height' and 'window-font-width' return
2253 the height and average width of characters in a specified face and
2254 window. If FACE is remapped (see 'face-remapping-alist'), the
2255 function returns the information for the remapped face.
2258 *** A new function 'window-max-chars-per-line' returns the maximal
2259 number of characters that can be displayed on one line. If a face
2260 and/or window are provided, these values are used for the
2261 calculation. This function is different from 'window-body-width' in
2262 that it accounts for (i) continuation glyphs, (ii) the size of the
2263 font, and (iii) the specified window.
2266 ** New utilities in subr-x.el:
2268 *** New macros 'if-let' and 'when-let' allow defining bindings and to
2269 execute code depending whether all values are true.
2271 *** New macros 'thread-first' and 'thread-last' allow threading a form
2272 as the first or last argument of subsequent forms.
2275 ** Documentation strings now support quoting with curved single quotes
2276 in addition to the old style with grave accent and apostrophe. The
2277 new style looks better on today's displays. In the new Electric Quote
2278 mode, you can enter curved single quotes into documentation by typing
2279 grave accent and apostrophe. Outside Electric Quote mode, you can
2280 enter them by typing 'C-x 8 [' and 'C-x 8 ]', or (if your Alt key
2281 works) by typing 'A-[' and 'A-]'. As described above under
2282 'text-quoting-style', the user can specify how to display doc string
2286 ** New function 'format-message' is like 'format' and also converts
2287 curved single quotes, grave accents and apostrophes as per
2288 'text-quoting-style'.
2291 ** 'show-help-function's arg is converted via 'substitute-command-keys'
2292 before being passed to the function. Help strings, help-echo
2293 properties, etc. can therefore contain command key escapes and
2297 ** Time-related changes:
2299 *** Time conversion functions now accept an optional ZONE argument
2300 that specifies the time zone rules for conversion. ZONE is omitted or
2301 nil for Emacs local time, t for Universal Time, 'wall' for system wall
2302 clock time, or a string as in the TZ environment variable. The
2303 affected functions are 'current-time-string', 'current-time-zone',
2304 'decode-time', and 'format-time-string'. The function 'encode-time',
2305 which already accepted a simple time zone rule argument, has been
2306 extended to accept all the new forms.
2308 *** Incompatible change in the third argument of 'format-time-string'.
2309 Previously, any non-nil argument was interpreted as specifying Universal Time.
2310 This is no longer true; packages that want Universal Time should pass t
2311 as the third argument.
2313 *** Time-related functions now consistently accept numbers
2314 (representing seconds since the epoch) and nil (representing the
2315 current time) as well as the usual list-of-integer representation.
2316 Affected functions include 'current-time-string', 'current-time-zone',
2317 'decode-time', 'float-time', 'format-time-string', 'seconds-to-time',
2318 'time-add', 'time-less-p', 'time-subtract', 'time-to-day-in-year',
2319 'time-to-days', and 'time-to-seconds'.
2321 *** The 'encode-time-value' and 'with-decoded-time-value' macros have
2324 *** 'calendar-next-time-zone-transition', 'time-add', and
2325 'time-subtract' no longer return time values in the obsolete and
2326 undocumented integer-pair format. Instead, they return a list of two
2330 ** New function 'set-binary-mode' allows switching a standard stream
2331 of the Emacs process to binary I/O mode.
2334 ** The new function 'directory-name-p' can be used to check whether a file
2335 name (as returned from, for instance, 'file-name-all-completions') is
2336 a directory file name. It returns non-nil if the last character in
2337 the name is a directory separator character (forward slash on GNU and
2338 Unix systems, forward- or backslash on MS-Windows and MS-DOS).
2341 ** ASCII approximations to curved quotes are put in 'standard-display-table'
2342 if the terminal cannot display curved quotes.
2345 ** Standard output and error streams now transliterate characters via
2346 'standard-display-table', and encode output using 'locale-coding-system'.
2347 To force a specific encoding, bind 'coding-system-for-write' to the
2348 coding-system of your choice when invoking functions like 'prin1' and
2352 ** New var 'truncate-string-ellipsis' to choose how to indicate truncation.
2355 ** New possible value for 'system-type': 'nacl'.
2356 This is used by Google's Native Client (NaCl).
2358 ** Miscellaneous name change
2361 For consistency with the usual Emacs spelling, the Lisp variable
2362 'hfy-optimisations' has been renamed to 'hfy-optimizations'.
2363 The old name should still work, as an obsolescent alias.
2365 ** Changes in Frame- and Window- Handling
2368 *** Emacs can now draw horizontal scroll bars on some platforms that
2369 provide toolkit scroll bars, namely Gtk+, Lucid, Motif and Windows.
2370 Horizontal scroll bars are turned off by default.
2372 **** New function 'horizontal-scroll-bars-available-p' telling whether
2373 horizontal scroll bars are available on the underlying system.
2375 **** New mode 'horizontal-scroll-bar-mode' to toggle horizontal scroll
2376 bars on all existing and future frames.
2378 **** New function 'toggle-horizontal-scroll-bar' to toggle horizontal
2379 scroll bars on the selected frame.
2381 **** New frame parameters 'horizontal-scroll-bars' and
2382 'scroll-bar-height' to set horizontal scroll bars and their height
2383 for individual frames and in 'default-frame-alist'.
2385 **** New functions 'frame-scroll-bar-height' and
2386 'window-scroll-bar-height' return the height of horizontal scroll
2387 bars on a specific frame or window.
2389 **** 'set-window-scroll-bars' now accepts five parameters where the last
2390 two specify height and type of the window's horizontal scroll bar.
2392 **** 'window-scroll-bars' now returns type and sizes of horizontal scroll
2395 **** New buffer-local variables 'horizontal-scroll-bar' and
2396 'scroll-bar-height'.
2399 *** New functions 'frame-geometry' and 'frame-edges' give access to a
2403 *** New functions 'mouse-absolute-pixel-position' and
2404 'set-mouse-absolute-pixel-position' get/set screen coordinates of the
2408 *** The function 'window-edges' now accepts three additional arguments to
2409 retrieve body, absolute and pixel edges of the window.
2412 *** The functions 'window-inside-edges', 'window-inside-pixel-edges' and
2413 'window-inside-absolute-pixel-edges' have been renamed to respectively
2414 'window-body-edges', 'window-body-pixel-edges' and
2415 'window-absolute-body-pixel-edges'. The old names are kept as aliases.
2418 *** New function 'window-absolute-pixel-position' to get the screen
2419 coordinates of a visible buffer position.
2422 *** The height of a frame's menu and tool bar are no longer counted in the
2423 frame's text height. This means that the text height stands only for
2424 the height of the frame's root window plus that of the echo area (if
2425 present). This was already the behavior for frames with external tool
2426 and menu bars (like in the Gtk builds) but has now been extended to all
2430 *** Frames now do not necessarily preserve the number of columns or lines
2431 they display when setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or
2432 scroll bars. In particular, maximized and fullscreen frames are
2433 conceptually never resized if such settings change. For fullheight and
2434 fullwidth frames, the behavior may depend on the toolkit used.
2436 **** New option 'frame-inhibit-implied-resize' if non-nil, means that
2437 setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or scroll bars of a
2438 specific frame does not resize that frame in order to preserve the
2439 number of columns or lines it displays.
2442 *** New function 'window-preserve-size' allows you to preserve the size of
2443 a window without "fixing" it. It's supported by 'fit-window-to-buffer',
2444 'temp-buffer-resize-mode' and 'display-buffer'.
2447 *** New 'display-buffer' action function 'display-buffer-use-some-frame'.
2448 This displays the buffer in an existing frame other than the current
2449 frame, and allows the caller to specify a frame predicate to exclude
2453 *** New minor mode 'window-divider-mode' and options
2454 'window-divider-default-places', 'window-divider-default-bottom-width'
2455 and 'window-divider-default-right-width'.
2458 *** The window displaying the '*Completions*' buffer with minibuffer
2459 completion candidates is now shown at the bottom of the selected
2460 frame. The size of that window is always as large as required to
2461 display all the candidates, except when limited by the minimum size
2462 of the other windows on that frame; those other windows are resized
2463 to provide space for the '*Completions*' display. The Emacs manual
2464 describes how to customize 'display-buffer-alist' to get back the old
2465 behavior, see the node "Temporary Displays" there.
2468 ** Tearoff menus and detachable toolbars for Gtk+ have been removed.
2469 Those features have been deprecated in Gtk+ for a long time.
2474 *** etags no longer qualifies class members by default.
2476 By default, 'etags' will not qualify class members for Perl and C-like
2477 object-oriented languages with their class names and namespaces, and
2478 will remove qualifications used explicitly in the code from the tag
2479 names it puts in TAGS files. This is so the etags.el back-end for
2480 'xref-find-definitions' is more accurate and produces less false
2483 Use --class-qualify (-Q) if you want the old default behavior of
2484 qualifying class members in C++, Java, Objective C, and Perl. Note
2485 that using -Q might make some class members become "unknown" to 'M-.'
2486 ('xref-find-definitions'); if so, you can use 'C-u M-.' to specify the
2487 qualified names by hand.
2490 *** New language Ruby
2492 Names of modules, classes, methods, functions, and constants are
2493 tagged. Overloaded operators are also tagged.
2497 Names of packages, functions, and types are tagged.
2500 *** Improved support for Lua
2502 Etags now tags functions even if the "function" keyword follows some
2503 whitespace at line beginning.
2506 * Changes in Emacs 25.1 on Non-Free Operating Systems
2509 ** MS-Windows specific Emacs build scripts are no longer in the distribution.
2510 This includes the makefile.w32-in files in various subdirectories, and
2511 the support files. The file nt/configure.bat now just tells the user
2512 to use the procedure described in nt/INSTALL, by running the Posix
2513 'configure' script in the top-level directory.
2516 ** Building Emacs for MS-Windows requires at least Windows XP
2517 or Windows Server 2003. The built binaries still run on all versions
2518 of Windows starting with Windows 9X.
2521 ** Emacs running on MS-Windows now supports the daemon mode.
2524 ** The byte counts in etags-generated TAGS files are now the same on
2525 MS-Windows as they are on other platforms.
2528 ** On OS X, configure creates a Cocoa ("Nextstep") build by default.
2529 Pass '--without-ns' to configure to create an X11 build, the old default.
2532 ** OS X 10.5 or older is no longer supported.
2535 ** OS X on PowerPC is no longer supported.
2538 ** New variable 'ns-use-fullscreen-animation' controls animation for
2539 non-native NS fullscreen. The default is nil. Set to t to enable
2540 animation when entering and leaving fullscreen. For native OSX fullscreen
2543 ** On the OS X Cocoa ("Nextstep") port, multicolor font (such as color
2544 emoji) display is disabled. This feature was accidentally added when
2545 Emacs 24.4 included the new Core Text based font backend code that was
2546 originally implemented for a non-mainline port. This will be enabled
2547 again once it is also implemented in Emacs on free operating systems.
2548 If some symbols, such as emoji, do not display, we suggest to install
2549 an appropriate font, such as Symbola; then they will be displayed,
2550 albeit without the color effects.
2553 ** The new function 'w32-application-type' returns the type of an
2554 MS-Windows application given the name of its executable program file.
2556 ** New variable 'w32-pipe-buffer-size'.
2557 It can be used to tune the size of the buffer of pipes created for
2558 communicating with subprocesses, when the program run by a subprocess
2559 exhibits unusual buffering behavior. Default is zero, which lets the
2560 OS use its default size.
2563 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
2564 This file is part of GNU Emacs.
2566 GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
2567 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
2568 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
2569 (at your option) any later version.
2571 GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
2572 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
2573 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
2574 GNU General Public License for more details.
2576 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
2577 along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
2583 paragraph-separate: "[
\f]*$"