1 ;;; startup.el --- process Emacs shell arguments
3 ;; Copyright (C) 1985, 86, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 1998, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
8 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
10 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
15 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
18 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
20 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the
22 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
23 ;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
27 ;; This file parses the command line and gets Emacs running. Options on
28 ;; the command line are handled in precedence order. The order is the
29 ;; one in the list below; first described means first handled. Options
30 ;; within each category (delimited by a bar) are handled in the order
31 ;; encountered on the command line.
33 ;; -------------------------
34 ;; -version Print Emacs version to stderr, then exit
35 ;; --version successfully right away.
36 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
37 ;; -------------------------
38 ;; -help Print a short usage description and exit
39 ;; --help successfully right away.
40 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
41 ;; -------------------------
42 ;; -nl Do not use shared memory (for systems that
43 ;; -no-shared-memory support this) for the dumped Emacs data.
44 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
47 ;; --map-data This option is handled by emacs.c
48 ;; -------------------------
49 ;; -t FILE Use FILE as the name of the terminal.
50 ;; --terminal FILE Using this implies "-nw" also.
51 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
52 ;; -------------------------
53 ;; -d DISPNAME Use DISPNAME as the name of the X-windows
54 ;; -display DISPNAME display for the initial frame.
55 ;; --display DISPNAME This option is handled by emacs.c
56 ;; -------------------------
57 ;; -nw Do not use a windows system (but use the
58 ;; --no-windows terminal instead.)
59 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
60 ;; -------------------------
61 ;; -batch Execute noninteractively (messages go to stdout,
62 ;; --batch variable noninteractive set to t)
63 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
64 ;; -------------------------
65 ;; -q Do not load user's init file and do not load
66 ;; -no-init-file "default.el". Regardless of this switch,
67 ;; --no-init-file "site-start" is still loaded.
68 ;; -------------------------
69 ;; -no-site-file Do not load "site-start.el". (This is the ONLY
70 ;; --no-site-file way to prevent loading that file.)
71 ;; -------------------------
72 ;; -u USER Load USER's init file instead of the init
73 ;; -user USER file belonging to the user starting Emacs.
75 ;; -------------------------
76 ;; -debug-init Don't catch errors in init files; let the
77 ;; --debug-init debugger run.
78 ;; -------------------------
79 ;; -i ICONTYPE Set type of icon using when Emacs is
80 ;; -itype ICONTYPE iconified under X-windows.
81 ;; --icon-type ICONTYPE This option is passed on to term/x-win.el
83 ;; -iconic Start Emacs iconified under X-windows.
84 ;; --iconic This option is passed on to term/x-win.el
85 ;; -------------------------
86 ;; Various X-windows options for colors/fonts/geometry/title etc.
87 ;; These options are passed on to term/x-win.el which see. Certain
88 ;; of these are also found in term/pc-win.el
89 ;; -------------------------
92 ;; -L DIRNAME Add DIRNAME to load-path
94 ;; --directory DIRNAME
96 ;; -l FILE Load and execute the Emacs lisp code
97 ;; -load FILE in FILE.
100 ;; -f FUNC Execute Emacs lisp function FUNC with
101 ;; -funcall FUNC no arguments. The "-e" form is outdated
102 ;; --funcall FUNC and should not be used. (It's a typo
103 ;; -e FUNC promoted to a feature.)
105 ;; -eval FORM Execute Emacs lisp form FORM.
108 ;; -insert FILE Insert the contents of FILE into buffer.
110 ;; -------------------------
111 ;; -kill Kill (exit) Emacs right away.
113 ;; -------------------------
117 (setq top-level '(normal-top-level))
119 (defvar command-line-processed nil
120 "Non-nil once command line has been processed")
122 (defgroup initialization nil
123 "Emacs start-up procedure"
126 (defcustom inhibit-startup-message nil
127 "*Non-nil inhibits the initial startup message.
128 This is for use in your personal init file, once you are familiar
129 with the contents of the startup message."
131 :group 'initialization)
133 (defcustom inhibit-startup-echo-area-message nil
134 "*Non-nil inhibits the initial startup echo area message.
135 Setting this variable takes effect
136 only if you do it with the customization buffer
137 or if your `.emacs' file contains a line of this form:
138 (setq inhibit-startup-echo-area-message \"YOUR-USER-NAME\")
139 If your `.emacs' file is byte-compiled, use the following form instead:
140 (eval '(setq inhibit-startup-echo-area-message \"YOUR-USER-NAME\"))
141 Thus, someone else using a copy of your `.emacs' file will see
142 the startup message unless he personally acts to inhibit it."
143 :type '(choice (const :tag "Don't inhibit")
144 (string :tag "Enter your user name, to inhibit"))
145 :group 'initialization)
147 (defcustom inhibit-default-init nil
148 "*Non-nil inhibits loading the `default' library."
150 :group 'initialization)
152 (defvar command-switch-alist nil
153 "Alist of command-line switches.
154 Elements look like (SWITCH-STRING . HANDLER-FUNCTION).
155 HANDLER-FUNCTION receives switch name as sole arg;
156 remaining command-line args are in the variable `command-line-args-left'.")
158 (defvar command-line-args-left nil
159 "List of command-line args not yet processed.")
161 (defvar command-line-functions nil ;; lrs 7/31/89
162 "List of functions to process unrecognized command-line arguments.
163 Each function should access the dynamically bound variables
164 `argi' (the current argument) and `command-line-args-left' (the remaining
165 arguments). The function should return non-nil only if it recognizes and
166 processes `argi'. If it does so, it may consume successive arguments by
167 altering `command-line-args-left' to remove them.")
169 (defvar command-line-default-directory nil
170 "Default directory to use for command line arguments.
171 This is normally copied from `default-directory' when Emacs starts.")
173 ;;; This is here, rather than in x-win.el, so that we can ignore these
174 ;;; options when we are not using X.
175 (defvar command-line-x-option-alist
176 '(("-bw" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch border-width)
177 ("-d" 1 x-handle-display)
178 ("-display" 1 x-handle-display)
179 ("-name" 1 x-handle-name-switch)
180 ("-title" 1 x-handle-switch title)
181 ("-T" 1 x-handle-switch title)
182 ("-r" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
183 ("-rv" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
184 ("-reverse" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
185 ("-reverse-video" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
186 ("-fn" 1 x-handle-switch font)
187 ("-font" 1 x-handle-switch font)
188 ("-ib" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch internal-border-width)
189 ("-g" 1 x-handle-geometry)
190 ("-geometry" 1 x-handle-geometry)
191 ("-fg" 1 x-handle-switch foreground-color)
192 ("-foreground" 1 x-handle-switch foreground-color)
193 ("-bg" 1 x-handle-switch background-color)
194 ("-background" 1 x-handle-switch background-color)
195 ("-ms" 1 x-handle-switch mouse-color)
196 ("-itype" 0 x-handle-switch icon-type t)
197 ("-i" 0 x-handle-switch icon-type t)
198 ("-iconic" 0 x-handle-iconic)
199 ("-xrm" 1 x-handle-xrm-switch)
200 ("-cr" 1 x-handle-switch cursor-color)
201 ("-vb" 0 x-handle-switch vertical-scroll-bars t)
202 ("-hb" 0 x-handle-switch horizontal-scroll-bars t)
203 ("-bd" 1 x-handle-switch)
204 ("--border-width" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch border-width)
205 ("--display" 1 x-handle-display)
206 ("--name" 1 x-handle-name-switch)
207 ("--title" 1 x-handle-switch title)
208 ("--reverse-video" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
209 ("--font" 1 x-handle-switch font)
210 ("--internal-border" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch internal-border-width)
211 ("--geometry" 1 x-handle-geometry)
212 ("--foreground-color" 1 x-handle-switch foreground-color)
213 ("--background-color" 1 x-handle-switch background-color)
214 ("--mouse-color" 1 x-handle-switch mouse-color)
215 ("--icon-type" 0 x-handle-switch icon-type t)
216 ("--iconic" 0 x-handle-iconic)
217 ("--xrm" 1 x-handle-xrm-switch)
218 ("--cursor-color" 1 x-handle-switch cursor-color)
219 ("--vertical-scroll-bars" 0 x-handle-switch vertical-scroll-bars t)
220 ("--border-color" 1 x-handle-switch border-width))
221 "Alist of X Windows options.
222 Each element has the form
223 (NAME NUMARGS HANDLER FRAME-PARAM VALUE)
224 where NAME is the option name string, NUMARGS is the number of arguments
225 that the option accepts, HANDLER is a function to call to handle the option.
226 FRAME-PARAM (optional) is the frame parameter this option specifies,
227 and VALUE is the value which is given to that frame parameter
228 \(most options use the argument for this, so VALUE is not present).")
230 (defvar before-init-hook nil
231 "Normal hook run after handling urgent options but before loading init files.")
233 (defvar after-init-hook nil
234 "Normal hook run after loading the init files, `~/.emacs' and `default.el'.
235 There is no `condition-case' around the running of these functions;
236 therefore, if you set `debug-on-error' non-nil in `.emacs',
237 an error in one of these functions will invoke the debugger.")
239 (defvar emacs-startup-hook nil
240 "Normal hook run after loading init files and handling the command line.")
242 (defvar term-setup-hook nil
243 "Normal hook run after loading terminal-specific Lisp code.
244 It also follows `emacs-startup-hook'. This hook exists for users to set,
245 so as to override the definitions made by the terminal-specific file.
246 Emacs never sets this variable itself.")
248 (defvar keyboard-type nil
249 "The brand of keyboard you are using.
250 This variable is used to define
251 the proper function and keypad keys for use under X. It is used in a
252 fashion analogous to the environment variable TERM.")
254 (defvar window-setup-hook nil
255 "Normal hook run to initialize window system display.
256 Emacs runs this hook after processing the command line arguments and loading
257 the user's init file.")
259 (defcustom initial-major-mode 'lisp-interaction-mode
260 "Major mode command symbol to use for the initial *scratch* buffer."
262 :group 'initialization)
264 (defcustom init-file-user nil
265 "Identity of user whose `.emacs' file is or was read.
266 The value is nil if `-q' or `--no-init-file' was specified,
267 meaning do not load any init file.
269 Otherwise, the value may be the null string, meaning use the init file
270 for the user that originally logged in, or it may be a
271 string containing a user's name meaning use that person's init file.
273 In either of the latter cases, `(concat \"~\" init-file-user \"/\")'
274 evaluates to the name of the directory where the `.emacs' file was
277 Setting `init-file-user' does not prevent Emacs from loading
278 `site-start.el'. The only way to do that is to use `--no-site-file'."
279 :type '(choice (const :tag "none" nil) string)
280 :group 'initialization)
282 (defcustom site-run-file "site-start"
283 "File containing site-wide run-time initializations.
284 This file is loaded at run-time before `~/.emacs'. It contains inits
285 that need to be in place for the entire site, but which, due to their
286 higher incidence of change, don't make sense to load into emacs'
287 dumped image. Thus, the run-time load order is: 1. file described in
288 this variable, if non-nil; 2. `~/.emacs'; 3. `default.el'.
290 Don't use the `site-start.el' file for things some users may not like.
291 Put them in `default.el' instead, so that users can more easily
292 override them. Users can prevent loading `default.el' with the `-q'
293 option or by setting `inhibit-default-init' in their own init files,
294 but inhibiting `site-start.el' requires `--no-site-file', which
296 :type '(choice (const :tag "none" nil) string)
297 :group 'initialization)
299 (defcustom mail-host-address nil
300 "*Name of this machine, for purposes of naming users."
301 :type '(choice (const nil) string)
304 (defcustom user-mail-address nil
305 "*Full mailing address of this user.
306 This is initialized based on `mail-host-address',
307 after your init file is read, in case it sets `mail-host-address'."
311 (defcustom auto-save-list-file-prefix
312 (if (eq system-type 'ms-dos)
313 "~/_s" ; MS-DOS cannot have initial dot, and allows only 8.3 names
315 "Prefix for generating `auto-save-list-file-name'.
316 This is used after reading your `.emacs' file to initialize
317 `auto-save-list-file-name', by appending Emacs's pid and the system name,
318 if you have not already set `auto-save-list-file-name' yourself.
319 Set this to nil if you want to prevent `auto-save-list-file-name'
320 from being initialized."
321 :type '(choice (const :tag "Don't record a session's auto save list" nil)
325 (defvar init-file-debug nil)
327 (defvar init-file-had-error nil)
329 (defvar normal-top-level-add-subdirs-inode-list nil)
331 (defun normal-top-level-add-subdirs-to-load-path ()
332 "Add all subdirectories of current directory to `load-path'.
333 More precisely, this uses only the subdirectories whose names
334 start with letters or digits; it excludes any subdirectory named `RCS'
335 or `CVS', and any subdirectory that contains a file named `.nosearch'."
338 (pending (list default-directory)))
339 ;; This loop does a breadth-first tree walk on DIR's subtree,
340 ;; putting each subdir into DIRS as its contents are examined.
342 (setq dirs (cons (car pending) dirs))
343 (setq pending (cdr pending))
344 (setq attrs (nthcdr 10 (file-attributes (car dirs))))
345 (let ((contents (directory-files (car dirs)))
346 (default-directory (car dirs)))
347 (unless (member attrs normal-top-level-add-subdirs-inode-list)
348 (setq normal-top-level-add-subdirs-inode-list
349 (cons attrs normal-top-level-add-subdirs-inode-list))
351 (unless (member (car contents) '("." ".." "RCS" "CVS"))
352 (when (and (string-match "\\`[a-zA-Z0-9]" (car contents))
353 ;; Avoid doing a `stat' when it isn't necessary
354 ;; because that can cause trouble when an NFS server
356 (not (string-match "\\.elc?\\'" (car contents)))
357 (file-directory-p (car contents)))
358 (let ((expanded (expand-file-name (car contents))))
359 (unless (file-exists-p (expand-file-name ".nosearch"
361 (setq pending (nconc pending (list expanded)))))))
362 (setq contents (cdr contents))))))
363 (normal-top-level-add-to-load-path (cdr (nreverse dirs)))))
365 ;; This function is called from a subdirs.el file.
366 ;; It assumes that default-directory is the directory
367 ;; in which the subdirs.el file exists,
368 ;; and it adds to load-path the subdirs of that directory
369 ;; as specified in DIRS. Normally the elements of DIRS are relative.
370 (defun normal-top-level-add-to-load-path (dirs)
371 (let ((tail load-path)
372 (thisdir (directory-file-name default-directory)))
374 (not (equal thisdir (car tail)))
375 (not (and (memq system-type '(ms-dos windows-nt))
376 (equal (downcase thisdir) (downcase (car tail))))))
377 (setq tail (cdr tail)))
378 (setcdr tail (append (mapcar 'expand-file-name dirs) (cdr tail)))))
380 (defun normal-top-level ()
381 (if command-line-processed
382 (message "Back to top level.")
383 (setq command-line-processed t)
384 ;; Give *Messages* the same default-directory as *scratch*,
385 ;; just to keep things predictable.
386 (let ((dir default-directory))
388 (set-buffer (get-buffer "*Messages*"))
389 (setq default-directory dir)))
390 ;; For root, preserve owner and group when editing files.
391 (if (equal (user-uid) 0)
392 (setq backup-by-copying-when-mismatch t))
393 ;; Look in each dir in load-path for a subdirs.el file.
394 ;; If we find one, load it, which will add the appropriate subdirs
395 ;; of that dir into load-path,
396 (let ((tail load-path)
399 (setq new (cons (car tail) new))
400 (let ((default-directory (car tail)))
401 (load (expand-file-name "subdirs.el" (car tail)) t t t))
402 (setq tail (cdr tail))))
403 (if (not (eq system-type 'vax-vms))
405 ;; If the PWD environment variable isn't accurate, delete it.
406 (let ((pwd (getenv "PWD")))
408 ;; Use FOO/., so that if FOO is a symlink, file-attributes
409 ;; describes the directory linked to, not FOO itself.
410 (or (equal (file-attributes
411 (concat (file-name-as-directory pwd) "."))
413 (concat (file-name-as-directory default-directory)
415 (setq process-environment
416 (delete (concat "PWD=" pwd)
417 process-environment)))))))
418 (setq default-directory (abbreviate-file-name default-directory))
419 (let ((menubar-bindings-done nil))
422 ;; Do this again, in case .emacs defined more abbreviations.
423 (setq default-directory (abbreviate-file-name default-directory))
424 ;; Specify the file for recording all the auto save files of this session.
425 ;; This is used by recover-session.
426 (or auto-save-list-file-name
427 (and auto-save-list-file-prefix
428 (setq auto-save-list-file-name
429 ;; Under MS-DOS our PID is almost always reused between
430 ;; Emacs invocations. We need something more unique.
431 (if (eq system-type 'ms-dos)
434 (expand-file-name auto-save-list-file-prefix))
437 (expand-file-name (format "%s%d-%s~"
438 auto-save-list-file-prefix
441 (run-hooks 'emacs-startup-hook)
443 (run-hooks 'term-setup-hook))
444 ;; Modify the initial frame based on what .emacs puts into
446 (if (fboundp 'frame-notice-user-settings)
447 (frame-notice-user-settings))
448 ;; Now we know the user's default font, so add it to the menu.
449 (if (fboundp 'font-menu-add-default)
450 (font-menu-add-default))
451 (and window-setup-hook
452 (run-hooks 'window-setup-hook))
453 (or menubar-bindings-done
454 (if (memq window-system '(x w32))
455 (precompute-menubar-bindings)))))))
457 ;; Precompute the keyboard equivalents in the menu bar items.
458 (defun precompute-menubar-bindings ()
459 (let ((submap (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar])))
461 (and (consp (car submap))
462 (symbolp (car (car submap)))
463 (stringp (car-safe (cdr (car submap))))
464 (keymapp (cdr (cdr (car submap))))
466 (x-popup-menu nil (cdr (cdr (car submap))))
469 (setq submap (cdr submap))))
470 (setq define-key-rebound-commands t))
472 (defun command-line ()
473 (setq command-line-default-directory default-directory)
475 ;; Choose a reasonable location for temporary files.
476 (setq temporary-file-directory
477 (file-name-as-directory
478 (cond ((memq system-type '(ms-dos windows-nt))
479 (or (getenv "TEMP") (getenv "TMPDIR") (getenv "TMP") "c:/temp"))
480 ((memq system-type '(vax-vms axp-vms))
481 (or (getenv "TMPDIR") (getenv "TMP") (getenv "TEMP") "SYS$SCRATCH:"))
483 (or (getenv "TMPDIR") (getenv "TMP") (getenv "TEMP") "/tmp")))))
484 (setq small-temporary-file-directory
485 (if (eq system-type 'ms-dos)
488 ;; See if we should import version-control from the environment variable.
489 (let ((vc (getenv "VERSION_CONTROL")))
490 (cond ((eq vc nil)) ;don't do anything if not set
491 ((or (string= vc "t")
492 (string= vc "numbered"))
493 (setq version-control t))
494 ((or (string= vc "nil")
495 (string= vc "existing"))
496 (setq version-control nil))
497 ((or (string= vc "never")
498 (string= vc "simple"))
499 (setq version-control 'never))))
501 (set-locale-environment nil)
503 ;;! This has been commented out; I currently find the behavior when
504 ;;! split-window-keep-point is nil disturbing, but if I can get used
505 ;;! to it, then it would be better to eliminate the option.
506 ;;! ;; Choose a good default value for split-window-keep-point.
507 ;;! (setq split-window-keep-point (> baud-rate 2400))
509 ;; Set the default strings to display in mode line for
510 ;; end-of-line formats that aren't native to this platform.
512 ((memq system-type '(ms-dos windows-nt emx))
513 (setq eol-mnemonic-unix "(Unix)")
514 (setq eol-mnemonic-mac "(Mac)"))
515 ;; Mac-specific settings should come here, once there's a
516 ;; system-type symbol specific to MacOS.
517 (t ; this is for Unix/GNU/Linux systems
518 (setq eol-mnemonic-dos "(DOS)")
519 (setq eol-mnemonic-mac "(Mac)")))
521 ;; Read window system's init file if using a window system.
522 (condition-case error
523 (if (and window-system (not noninteractive))
524 (load (concat term-file-prefix
525 (symbol-name window-system)
527 ;; Every window system should have a startup file;
528 ;; barf if we can't find it.
530 ;; If we can't read it, print the error message and exit.
533 (if (eq (car error) 'error)
534 (apply 'concat (cdr error))
535 (if (memq 'file-error (get (car error) 'error-conditions))
538 (mapconcat '(lambda (obj) (prin1-to-string obj t))
539 (cdr (cdr error)) ", "))
541 (get (car error) 'error-message)
542 (mapconcat '(lambda (obj) (prin1-to-string obj t))
544 'external-debugging-output)
545 (setq window-system nil)
549 (args (cdr command-line-args)))
551 ;; Figure out which user's init file to load,
552 ;; either from the environment or from the options.
553 (setq init-file-user (if noninteractive nil (user-login-name)))
554 ;; If user has not done su, use current $HOME to find .emacs.
555 (and init-file-user (string= init-file-user (user-real-login-name))
556 (setq init-file-user ""))
558 ;; Process the command-line args, and delete the arguments
559 ;; processed. This is consistent with the way main in emacs.c
561 (while (and (not done) args)
562 (let ((longopts '(("--no-init-file") ("--no-site-file") ("--user")
563 ("--debug-init") ("--iconic") ("--icon-type")))
566 ;; Handle --OPTION=VALUE format.
567 (if (and (string-match "\\`--" argi)
568 (string-match "=" argi))
569 (setq argval (substring argi (match-end 0))
570 argi (substring argi 0 (match-beginning 0))))
571 (or (equal argi "--")
572 (let ((completion (try-completion argi longopts)))
573 (if (eq completion t)
574 (setq argi (substring argi 1))
575 (if (stringp completion)
576 (let ((elt (assoc completion longopts)))
578 (error "Option `%s' is ambiguous" argi))
579 (setq argi (substring (car elt) 1)))
580 (setq argval nil)))))
582 ((or (string-equal argi "-q")
583 (string-equal argi "-no-init-file"))
584 (setq init-file-user nil
586 ((or (string-equal argi "-u")
587 (string-equal argi "-user"))
589 (setq args (cdr args)
591 (setq init-file-user argval
594 ((string-equal argi "-no-site-file")
595 (setq site-run-file nil
597 ((string-equal argi "-debug-init")
598 (setq init-file-debug t
600 ((string-equal argi "-iconic")
601 (setq initial-frame-alist
602 (cons '(visibility . icon) initial-frame-alist))
603 (setq args (cdr args)))
604 ((or (string-equal argi "-icon-type")
605 (string-equal argi "-i")
606 (string-equal argi "-itype"))
607 (setq default-frame-alist
608 (cons '(icon-type . t) default-frame-alist))
609 (setq args (cdr args)))
611 ;; Was argval set but not used?
613 (error "Option `%s' doesn't allow an argument" argi))))
615 ;; Re-attach the program name to the front of the arg list.
616 (and command-line-args (setcdr command-line-args args)))
618 ;; Under X Windows, this creates the X frame and deletes the terminal frame.
619 (if (fboundp 'frame-initialize)
621 ;; If frame was created with a menu bar, set menu-bar-mode on.
622 (if (or (not (memq window-system '(x w32)))
623 (> (cdr (assq 'menu-bar-lines (frame-parameters))) 0))
626 (run-hooks 'before-init-hook)
628 ;; Run the site-start library if it exists. The point of this file is
629 ;; that it is run before .emacs. There is no point in doing this after
630 ;; .emacs; that is useless.
632 (load site-run-file t t))
634 ;; Register available input methods by loading LEIM list file.
635 (load "leim-list.el" 'noerror 'nomessage 'nosuffix)
637 ;; Sites should not disable this. Only individuals should disable
638 ;; the startup message.
639 (setq inhibit-startup-message nil)
641 ;; Load that user's init file, or the default one, or none.
642 (let (debug-on-error-from-init-file
643 debug-on-error-should-be-set
644 (debug-on-error-initial
645 (if (eq init-file-debug t) 'startup init-file-debug))
646 (orig-enable-multibyte default-enable-multibyte-characters))
647 (let ((debug-on-error debug-on-error-initial)
648 ;; This function actually reads the init files.
653 (let ((user-init-file-1
655 ((eq system-type 'ms-dos)
656 (concat "~" init-file-user "/_emacs"))
657 ((eq system-type 'windows-nt)
658 (if (directory-files "~" nil "^\\.emacs\\(\\.elc?\\)?$")
661 ((eq system-type 'vax-vms)
664 (concat "~" init-file-user "/.emacs")))))
665 ;; This tells `load' to store the file name found
666 ;; into user-init-file.
667 (setq user-init-file t)
668 (load user-init-file-1 t t)
669 ;; If we did not find the user's init file,
670 ;; set user-init-file conclusively to nil;
671 ;; don't let it be set from default.el.
672 (if (eq user-init-file t)
673 (setq user-init-file nil))
674 (or inhibit-default-init
675 (let ((inhibit-startup-message nil))
676 ;; Users are supposed to be told their rights.
677 ;; (Plus how to get help and how to undo.)
678 ;; Don't you dare turn this off for anyone
680 (load "default" t t)))))))))
682 ;; Do this without a condition-case if the user wants to debug.
684 (condition-case error
687 (setq init-file-had-error nil))
688 (error (message "Error in init file: %s%s%s"
689 (get (car error) 'error-message)
690 (if (cdr error) ": " "")
691 (mapconcat 'prin1-to-string (cdr error) ", "))
692 (setq init-file-had-error t))))
693 ;; If we can tell that the init file altered debug-on-error,
694 ;; arrange to preserve the value that it set up.
695 (or (eq debug-on-error debug-on-error-initial)
696 (setq debug-on-error-should-be-set t
697 debug-on-error-from-init-file debug-on-error)))
698 (if debug-on-error-should-be-set
699 (setq debug-on-error debug-on-error-from-init-file))
700 (unless (or default-enable-multibyte-characters
701 (eq orig-enable-multibyte default-enable-multibyte-characters))
702 ;; Init file changed to unibyte. Reset existing multibyte
703 ;; buffers (probably *scratch*, *Messages*, *Minibuff-0*).
704 ;; Arguably this should only be done if they're free of
705 ;; multibyte characters.
706 (mapcar (lambda (buffer)
707 (with-current-buffer buffer
708 (if enable-multibyte-characters
709 (set-buffer-multibyte nil))))
711 ;; Also re-set the language environment in case it was
712 ;; originally done before unibyte was set and is sensitive to
713 ;; unibyte (display table, terminal coding system &c).
714 (set-language-environment current-language-environment)))
716 ;; Do this here in case the init file sets mail-host-address.
717 (or user-mail-address
718 (setq user-mail-address (concat (user-login-name) "@"
719 (or mail-host-address
722 (run-hooks 'after-init-hook)
724 ;; If *scratch* exists and init file didn't change its mode, initialize it.
725 (if (get-buffer "*scratch*")
727 (set-buffer "*scratch*")
728 (if (eq major-mode 'fundamental-mode)
729 (funcall initial-major-mode))))
731 ;; Register default TTY colors for the case the terminal hasn't a
732 ;; terminal init file. The colors are good for xterm-color and the
733 ;; FreeBSD console (cons.*). They should be sufficient for Linux
735 (or (eq window-system 'pc) ; pc-win.el did this already
736 (let ((colors '("black" "red" "green" "yellow" "blue" "magenta"
740 (face-register-tty-color (car colors) i)
741 (setq colors (cdr colors) i (1+ i)))))
743 ;; Load library for our terminal type.
744 ;; User init file can set term-file-prefix to nil to prevent this.
745 (and term-file-prefix (not noninteractive) (not window-system)
746 (let ((term (getenv "TERM"))
749 (not (load (concat term-file-prefix term) t t)))
750 ;; Strip off last hyphen and what follows, then try again
751 (if (setq hyphend (string-match "[-_][^-_]+$" term))
752 (setq term (substring term 0 hyphend))
755 ;; Process the remaining args.
756 (command-line-1 (cdr command-line-args))
758 ;; If -batch, terminate after processing the command options.
759 (if noninteractive (kill-emacs t)))
761 (defcustom initial-scratch-message "\
762 This buffer is for notes you don't want to save, and for Lisp evaluation.
763 If you want to create a file, visit that file with C-x C-f,
764 then enter the text in that file's own buffer.
767 "Initial message displayed in *scratch* buffer at startup.
768 If this is nil, no message will be displayed."
771 (defun command-line-1 (command-line-args-left)
772 (or noninteractive (input-pending-p) init-file-had-error
773 (and inhibit-startup-echo-area-message
775 (or (and (get 'inhibit-startup-echo-area-message 'saved-value)
776 (equal inhibit-startup-echo-area-message
777 (if (string= init-file-user "")
780 ;; Wasn't set with custom; see if .emacs has a setq.
781 (let ((buffer (get-buffer-create " *temp*")))
786 (insert-file-contents user-init-file)
789 "([ \t\n]*setq[ \t\n]+"
790 "inhibit-startup-echo-area-message[ \t\n]+"
793 (if (string= init-file-user "")
799 (kill-buffer buffer)))))
800 (message (if (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-p") 'describe-project)
801 "For information about the GNU Project and its goals, type C-h C-p."
802 (substitute-command-keys
803 "For information about the GNU Project and its goals, type \\[describe-project]."))))
804 (when (and (not noninteractive)
805 (memq window-system '(x w32)))
806 (make-mode-line-mouse-sensitive))
807 (if (null command-line-args-left)
808 (cond ((and (not inhibit-startup-message) (not noninteractive)
809 ;; Don't clobber a non-scratch buffer if init file
811 (string= (buffer-name) "*scratch*"))
812 ;; If there are no switches to process, we might as well
813 ;; run this hook now, and there may be some need to do it
814 ;; before doing any output.
816 (run-hooks 'term-setup-hook))
817 ;; Don't let the hook be run twice.
818 (setq term-setup-hook nil)
820 ;; It's important to notice the user settings before we
821 ;; display the startup message; otherwise, the settings
822 ;; won't take effect until the user gives the first
823 ;; keystroke, and that's distracting.
824 (if (fboundp 'frame-notice-user-settings)
825 (frame-notice-user-settings))
827 (and window-setup-hook
828 (run-hooks 'window-setup-hook))
829 (setq window-setup-hook nil)
830 ;; Do this now to avoid an annoying delay if the user
831 ;; clicks the menu bar during the sit-for.
832 (when (memq window-system '(x w32))
833 (precompute-menubar-bindings))
834 (setq menubar-bindings-done t)
835 (when (= (buffer-size) 0)
836 (let ((buffer-undo-list t))
838 (when (not (input-pending-p))
839 (goto-char (point-max))
840 ;; The convention for this piece of code is that
841 ;; each piece of output starts with one or two newlines
842 ;; and does not end with any newlines.
843 (insert "Welcome to GNU Emacs")
844 (if (eq system-type 'gnu/linux)
845 (insert ", one component of a Linux-based GNU system."))
847 (if (assq 'display (frame-parameters))
850 The menu bar and scroll bar are sufficient for basic editing with the mouse.
852 Useful Files menu items:
853 Exit Emacs (or type Control-x followed by Control-c)
854 Recover Session recover files you were editing before a crash
856 Important Help menu items:
857 Emacs Tutorial Learn-by-doing tutorial for using Emacs efficiently.
858 \(Non)Warranty GNU Emacs comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY
859 Copying Conditions Conditions for redistributing and changing Emacs.
860 Getting New Versions How to obtain the latest version of Emacs.
862 (insert "\n\n" (emacs-version)
864 Copyright (C) 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc."))
865 ;; If keys have their default meanings,
866 ;; use precomputed string to save lots of time.
867 (if (and (eq (key-binding "\C-h") 'help-command)
868 (eq (key-binding "\C-xu") 'advertised-undo)
869 (eq (key-binding "\C-x\C-c") 'save-buffers-kill-emacs)
870 (eq (key-binding "\C-ht") 'help-with-tutorial)
871 (eq (key-binding "\C-hi") 'info)
872 (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-n") 'view-emacs-news))
874 Get help C-h (Hold down CTRL and press h)
875 Undo changes C-x u Exit Emacs C-x C-c
876 Get a tutorial C-h t Use Info to read docs C-h i")
877 (insert (substitute-command-keys
880 Undo changes \\[advertised-undo]
881 Exit Emacs \\[save-buffers-kill-emacs]
882 Get a tutorial \\[help-with-tutorial]
883 Use Info to read docs \\[info]"
884 (let ((where (where-is-internal
885 'help-command nil t)))
887 (key-description where)
889 ;; Say how to use the menu bar
890 ;; if that is not with the mouse.
891 (if (and (eq (key-binding "\M-`") 'tmm-menubar)
892 (eq (key-binding [f10]) 'tmm-menubar))
894 Activate menubar F10 or ESC ` or M-`")
895 (insert (substitute-command-keys "
896 Activate menubar \\[tmm-menubar]")))
898 ;; Windows and MSDOS (currently) do not count as
899 ;; window systems, but do have mouse support.
902 Mode-specific menu C-mouse-3 (third button, with CTRL)"))
903 ;; Many users seem to have problems with these.
905 \(`C-' means use the CTRL key. `M-' means use the Meta (or Alt) key.
906 If you have no Meta key, you may instead type ESC followed by the character.)")
907 (and auto-save-list-file-prefix
909 (file-name-directory auto-save-list-file-prefix)
912 (regexp-quote (file-name-nondirectory
913 auto-save-list-file-prefix)))
915 (insert "\n\nIf an Emacs session crashed recently, "
916 "type M-x recover-session RET\nto recover"
917 " the files you were editing."))
919 (insert "\n\n" (emacs-version)
921 Copyright (C) 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.")
922 (if (and (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-c") 'describe-copying)
923 (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-d") 'describe-distribution)
924 (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-w") 'describe-no-warranty))
927 GNU Emacs comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type C-h C-w for full details.
928 Emacs is Free Software--Free as in Freedom--so you can redistribute copies
929 of Emacs and modify it; type C-h C-c to see the conditions.
930 Type C-h C-d for information on getting the latest version.")
931 (insert (substitute-command-keys
933 GNU Emacs comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type \\[describe-no-warranty] for full details.
934 Emacs is Free Software--Free as in Freedom--so you can redistribute copies
935 of Emacs and modify it; type \\[describe-copying] to see the conditions.
936 Type \\[describe-distribution] for information on getting the latest version."))))
937 (goto-char (point-min))
939 (set-buffer-modified-p nil)
941 (with-current-buffer (get-buffer "*scratch*")
943 (and initial-scratch-message
944 (insert initial-scratch-message))
945 (set-buffer-modified-p nil)))))))
946 ;; Delay 2 seconds after the init file error message
947 ;; was displayed, so user can read it.
948 (if init-file-had-error
950 (let ((dir command-line-default-directory)
954 just-files ;; t if this follows the magic -- option.
955 ;; This includes our standard options' long versions
956 ;; and long versions of what's on command-switch-alist.
958 (append '(("--funcall") ("--load") ("--insert") ("--kill")
959 ("--directory") ("--eval") ("--find-file") ("--visit"))
960 (mapcar '(lambda (elt)
961 (list (concat "-" (car elt))))
962 command-switch-alist)))
965 ;; Add the long X options to longopts.
966 (setq tem command-line-x-option-alist)
968 (if (string-match "^--" (car (car tem)))
969 (setq longopts (cons (list (car (car tem))) longopts)))
970 (setq tem (cdr tem)))
972 ;; Loop, processing options.
973 (while (and command-line-args-left)
974 (let* ((argi (car command-line-args-left))
977 ;; List of directories specified in -L/--directory,
978 ;; in reverse of the order specified.
980 (initial-load-path load-path))
981 (setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left))
983 ;; Do preliminary decoding of the option.
985 ;; After --, don't look for options; treat all args as files.
987 ;; Convert long options to ordinary options
988 ;; and separate out an attached option argument into argval.
989 (if (string-match "^--[^=]*=" argi)
990 (setq argval (substring argi (match-end 0))
991 argi (substring argi 0 (1- (match-end 0)))))
992 (if (equal argi "--")
993 (setq completion nil)
994 (setq completion (try-completion argi longopts)))
995 (if (eq completion t)
996 (setq argi (substring argi 1))
997 (if (stringp completion)
998 (let ((elt (assoc completion longopts)))
1000 (error "Option `%s' is ambiguous" argi))
1001 (setq argi (substring (car elt) 1)))
1002 (setq argval nil argi orig-argi))))
1004 ;; Execute the option.
1005 (cond ((setq tem (assoc argi command-switch-alist))
1007 (let ((command-line-args-left
1008 (cons argval command-line-args-left)))
1009 (funcall (cdr tem) argi))
1010 (funcall (cdr tem) argi)))
1011 ((or (string-equal argi "-f") ;what the manual claims
1012 (string-equal argi "-funcall")
1013 (string-equal argi "-e")) ; what the source used to say
1015 (setq tem (intern argval))
1016 (setq tem (intern (car command-line-args-left)))
1017 (setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
1018 (if (arrayp (symbol-function tem))
1019 (command-execute tem)
1021 ((string-equal argi "-eval")
1024 (setq tem (car command-line-args-left))
1025 (setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
1027 ;; Set the default directory as specified in -L.
1028 ((or (string-equal argi "-L")
1029 (string-equal argi "-directory"))
1032 (setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
1033 command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
1034 (setq tem (command-line-normalize-file-name tem))
1035 (setq extra-load-path
1036 (cons (expand-file-name tem) extra-load-path))
1037 (setq load-path (append (nreverse extra-load-path)
1038 initial-load-path)))
1039 ((or (string-equal argi "-l")
1040 (string-equal argi "-load"))
1043 (setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
1044 command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
1045 (let ((file (command-line-normalize-file-name tem)))
1046 ;; Take file from default dir if it exists there;
1047 ;; otherwise let `load' search for it.
1048 (if (file-exists-p (expand-file-name file))
1049 (setq file (expand-file-name file)))
1051 ((string-equal argi "-insert")
1054 (setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
1055 command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
1057 (error "File name omitted from `-insert' option"))
1058 (insert-file-contents (command-line-normalize-file-name tem)))
1059 ((string-equal argi "-kill")
1061 ((string-match "^\\+[0-9]+\\'" argi)
1062 (setq line (string-to-int argi)))
1063 ((setq tem (assoc argi command-line-x-option-alist))
1064 ;; Ignore X-windows options and their args if not using X.
1065 (setq command-line-args-left
1066 (nthcdr (nth 1 tem) command-line-args-left)))
1067 ((or (string-equal argi "-find-file")
1068 (string-equal argi "-visit"))
1069 ;; An explicit option to specify visiting a file.
1070 (setq file-count (1+ file-count))
1073 (command-line-normalize-file-name orig-argi)
1075 (if (= file-count 1)
1076 (setq first-file-buffer (find-file file))
1077 (find-file-other-window file)))
1082 (setq just-files t))
1084 ;; We have almost exhausted our options. See if the
1085 ;; user has made any other command-line options available
1086 (let ((hooks command-line-functions);; lrs 7/31/89
1089 (not (setq did-hook (funcall (car hooks)))))
1090 (setq hooks (cdr hooks)))
1092 ;; Ok, presume that the argument is a file name
1094 (if (string-match "\\`-" argi)
1095 (error "Unknown option `%s'" argi))
1096 (setq file-count (1+ file-count))
1099 (command-line-normalize-file-name orig-argi)
1101 (if (= file-count 1)
1102 (setq first-file-buffer (find-file file))
1103 (find-file-other-window file)))
1106 (setq line 0))))))))
1107 ;; If 3 or more files visited, and not all visible,
1108 ;; show user what they all are.
1109 (and (> file-count 2)
1110 (not noninteractive)
1111 (or (get-buffer-window first-file-buffer)
1112 (progn (other-window 1)
1115 (defun command-line-normalize-file-name (file)
1116 "Collapse multiple slashes to one, to handle non-Emacs file names."
1118 ;; Use arg 1 so that we don't collapse // at the start of the file name.
1119 ;; That is significant on some systems.
1120 ;; However, /// at the beginning is supposed to mean just /, not //.
1121 (if (string-match "^///+" file)
1122 (setq file (replace-match "/" t t file)))
1123 (while (string-match "//+" file 1)
1124 (setq file (replace-match "/" t t file)))
1127 ;;; startup.el ends here