1 GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes.
3 Copyright (C) 2014-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 See the end of the file for license conditions.
6 Please send Emacs bug reports to bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org.
7 If possible, use M-x report-emacs-bug.
9 This file is about changes in Emacs version 25.
11 See file HISTORY for a list of GNU Emacs versions and release dates.
12 See files NEWS.24, NEWS.23, NEWS.22, NEWS.21, NEWS.20, NEWS.19, NEWS.18,
13 and NEWS.1-17 for changes in older Emacs versions.
15 You can narrow news to a specific version by calling 'view-emacs-news'
16 with a prefix argument or by typing C-u C-h C-n.
19 +++ indicates that all necessary documentation updates are complete.
20 (This means all relevant manuals in doc/ AND lisp doc-strings.)
21 --- means no change in the manuals is needed.
22 When you add a new item, use the appropriate mark if you are sure it applies,
23 otherwise leave it unmarked.
26 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.2
28 ** The new option 'configure --enable-gcc-warnings=warn-only' causes
29 GCC to issue warnings without stopping the build. This behavior is
30 now the default in developer builds. As before, use
31 '--disable-gcc-warnings' to suppress GCC's warnings, and
32 '--enable-gcc-warnings' to stop the build if GCC issues warnings.
35 ** The Emacs server now has socket-launching support. This allows
36 socket based activation, where an external process like systemd can
37 invoke the Emacs server process upon a socket connection event and
38 hand the socket over to Emacs. Emacs uses this socket to service
39 emacsclient commands. This new functionality can be disabled with the
40 configure option '--disable-libsystemd'.
42 ** New configure option '--disable-build-details' attempts to build an
43 Emacs that is more likely to be reproducible; that is, if you build
44 and install Emacs twice, the second Emacs is a copy of the first.
45 Deterministic builds omit the build date from the output of the
46 emacs-version and erc-cmd-SV functions, and the leave the following
47 variables nil: emacs-build-system, emacs-build-time,
50 ** Emacs no longer works on IRIX. We expect that Emacs users are not
51 affected by this, as SGI stopped supporting IRIX in December 2013.
54 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.2
57 * Changes in Emacs 25.2
60 ** 'find-library-name' will now fall back on looking at 'load-history'
61 to try to locate libraries that have been loaded with an explicit path
65 ** Faces in 'minibuffer-prompt-properties' no longer overwrite properties
66 in the text in functions like 'read-from-minibuffer', but instead are
67 added to the end of the face list. This allows users to say things
68 like '(read-from-minibuffer (propertize "Enter something: " 'face 'bold))'.
71 ** The new variable 'extended-command-suggest-shorter' has been added
72 to control whether to suggest shorter 'M-x' commands or not.
75 ** icomplete now respects 'completion-ignored-extensions'.
78 ** Non-breaking hyphens are now displayed with the 'nobreak-hyphen'
79 face instead of the 'escape-glyph' face.
82 ** 'C-x h' ('mark-whole-buffer') will now avoid marking the prompt
86 ** 'find-library' now takes a prefix argument to pop to a different
89 ** 'find-library', 'help-function-def' and 'help-variable-def' now run
90 'find-function-after-hook'.
93 ** 'process-attributes' on Darwin systems now returns more information.
96 ** Several accessors for the value returned by 'file-attributes'
97 have been added. They are: 'file-attribute-type',
98 'file-attribute-link-number', 'file-attribute-user-id',
99 'file-attribute-group-id', 'file-attribute-access-time',
100 'file-attribute-modification-time',
101 'file-attribute-status-change-time', 'file-attribute-size',
102 'file-attribute-modes', 'file-attribute-inode-number', and
103 'file-attribute-device-number'.
106 ** The new function 'buffer-hash' computes a fast, non-consing hash of
110 ** 'fill-paragraph' no longer marks the buffer as changed unless it
111 actually changed something.
114 ** The locale language name 'ca' is now mapped to the language
115 environment 'Catalan', which has been added.
118 ** 'align-regexp' has a separate history for its interactive argument.
119 'align-regexp' no longer shares its history with all other
120 history-less functions that use 'read-string'.
123 ** The networking code has been reworked so that it's more
124 asynchronous than it was (when specifying :nowait t in
125 'make-network-process'). How asynchronous it is varies based on the
126 capabilities of the system, but on a typical GNU/Linux system the DNS
127 resolution, the connection, and (for TLS streams) the TLS negotiation
128 are all done without blocking the main Emacs thread. To get
129 asynchronous TLS, the TLS boot parameters have to be passed in (see
130 the manual for details).
132 Certain process oriented functions (like 'process-datagram-address')
133 will block until socket setup has been performed. The recommended way
134 to deal with asynchronous sockets is to avoid interacting with them
135 until they have changed status to "run". This is most easily done
136 from a process sentinel.
138 ** 'make-network-process' and 'open-network-stream' sometimes allowed
139 :service to be an integer string (e.g., :service "993") and sometimes
140 required an integer (e.g., :service 993). This difference has been
141 eliminated, and integer strings work everywhere.
143 ** It is possible to disable attempted recovery on fatal signals.
145 Two new variables support disabling attempts to recover from stack
146 overflow and to avoid automatic auto-save when Emacs is delivered a
147 fatal signal. 'attempt-stack-overflow-recovery', if set to 'nil',
148 will disable attempts to recover from C stack overflows; Emacs will
149 then crash as with any other fatal signal.
150 'attempt-orderly-shutdown-on-fatal-signal', if set to 'nil', will
151 disable attempts to auto-save the session and shut down in an orderly
152 fashion when Emacs receives a fatal signal; instead, Emacs will
153 terminate immediately. Both variables are non-'nil' by default.
154 These variables are for users who would like to avoid the small
155 probability of data corruption due to techniques Emacs uses to recover
159 ** File local and directory local variables are now initialized each
160 time the major mode is set, not just when the file is first visited.
161 These local variables will thus not vanish on setting a major mode.
164 ** A second dir-local file (.dir-locals-2.el) is now accepted.
165 See the variable 'dir-locals-file-2' for more information.
168 ** International domain names (IDNA) are now encoded via the new
169 puny.el library, so that one can visit web sites with non-ASCII URLs.
172 ** The new 'timer-list' command lists all active timers in a buffer,
173 where you can cancel them with the 'c' command.
176 ** The new function 'read-multiple-choice' prompts for multiple-choice
177 questions, with a handy way to display help texts.
180 ** 'switch-to-buffer-preserve-window-point' now defaults to t.
183 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.2
186 ** New bindings for 'query-replace-map'.
187 'undo', undo the last replacement; bound to 'u'.
188 'undo-all', undo all replacements; bound to 'U'.
190 ** 'delete-trailing-whitespace' deletes whitespace after form feed.
191 In modes where form feed was treated as a whitespace character,
192 'delete-trailing-whitespace' would keep lines containing it unchanged.
193 It now deletes whitespace after the last form feed thus behaving the
194 same as in modes where the character is not whitespace.
197 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
202 *** A new command 'ibuffer-unmark-all-marks' to unmark
203 all buffers without asking confirmation; bound to
204 'U'; 'ibuffer-do-replace-regexp' bound to 'r'.
207 *** A new command `ibuffer-mark-by-content-regexp' to mark buffers
208 whose content matches a regexp; bound to '% c' and '% g'.
211 *** Two new options `ibuffer-never-search-content-name' and
212 `ibuffer-never-search-content-mode' used by
213 `ibuffer-mark-by-content-regexp'.
218 *** Messages from CMake are now recognized.
223 *** In wdired, when editing files to contain slash characters,
224 the resulting directories are automatically created. Whether to do
225 this is controlled by the 'wdired-create-parent-directories' variable.
228 *** 'W' is now bound to 'browse-url-of-dired-file', and is useful for
229 viewing HTML files and the like.
233 *** Ediff can be prevented from pausing 1 second after reaching a
234 breakpoint (e.g. with "f" and "o") by customizing the new option
235 'edebug-sit-on-break'.
240 *** A new 's' command for switching to another eww buffer via the minibuffer.
243 *** The 'o' command ('shr-save-contents') has moved to 'O' to avoid collision
244 with the 'o' command from 'image-map'.
247 *** A new command 'C' ('eww-toggle-colors') can be used to toggle
248 whether to use the HTML-specified colors or not. The user can also
249 customize the 'shr-use-colors' variable.
252 *** Images that are being loaded are now marked with gray
253 "placeholder" images of the size specified by the HTML. They are then
254 replaced by the real images asynchronously, which will also now
255 respect width/height HTML specs (unless they specify widths/heights
256 bigger than the current window).
261 *** Images are automatically scaled before displaying based on the
262 'image-scaling-factor' variable (if Emacs supports scaling the images
266 *** Images inserted with 'insert-image' and related functions get a
267 keymap put into the text properties (or overlays) that span the
268 image. This keymap binds keystrokes for manipulating size and
269 rotation, as well as saving the image to a file. These commands are
270 also available in 'image-mode'.
273 *** A new library for creating and manipulating SVG images has been
274 added. See the "SVG Images" section in the lispref manual for
278 *** New setf-able function to access and set image parameters is
279 provided: 'image-property'.
282 ** The default 'Info-default-directory-list' no longer checks some obsolete
283 directory suffixes (gnu, gnu/lib, gnu/lib/emacs, emacs, lib, lib/emacs)
284 when searching for info directories.
287 ** The commands that add ChangeLog entries now prefer a VCS root directory
288 for the ChangeLog file, if none already exists. Customize
289 'change-log-directory-files' to nil for the old behavior.
292 ** Support for non-string values of 'time-stamp-format' has been removed.
297 *** 'message-use-idna' now defaults to t (because Emacs comes with
298 built-in IDNA support now).
301 *** When sending HTML messages with embedded images, and you have
302 exiftool installed, and you rotate images with EXIF data (i.e.,
303 JPEGs), the rotational information will be inserted into the outgoing
304 image in the message. (The original image will not have its
305 orientation affected.)
308 *** The 'message-valid-fqdn-regexp' variable has been removed, since
309 there are now top-level domains added all the time. Message will no
310 longer warn about sending emails to top-level domains it hasn't heard
313 *** 'message-beginning-of-line' (bound to C-a) understands folded headers.
314 In 'visual-line-mode' it will look for the true beginning of a header
315 while in non-'visual-line-mode' it will move the point to the indented
321 *** New connection method "sg", which supports editing files under a
325 *** New connection method "doas" for OpenBSD hosts.
328 *** New connection method "gdrive", which allows to access Google
329 Drive onsite repositories.
332 ** 'auto-revert-use-notify' is set back to t in 'global-auto-revert-mode'.
337 *** Support for completing attribute values, at-rules, bang-rules, and
338 HTML tags using the 'completion-at-point' command.
341 ** Emacs now supports character name escape sequences in character and
342 string literals. The syntax variants \N{character name} and
343 \N{U+code} are supported.
346 ** Prog mode has some support for multi-mode indentation.
347 This allows better indentation support in modes that support multiple
348 programming languages in the same buffer, like literate programming
349 environments or ANTLR programs with embedded Python code.
351 A major mode can provide indentation context for a sub-mode through
352 the 'prog-indentation-context' variable. To support this, modes that
353 provide indentation should use 'prog-widen' instead of 'widen' and
354 'prog-first-column' instead of a literal zero. See the node
355 "Mode-Specific Indent" in the ELisp manual for more details.
359 *** New variable 'erc-default-port-tls' used to connect to TLS IRC
365 *** The new function 'url-cookie-delete-cookie' can be used to
366 programmatically delete all cookies, or cookies from a specific
370 *** 'url-retrieve-synchronously' now takes an optional timeout parameter.
373 *** The URL package now support HTTPS over proxies supporting CONNECT.
376 *** 'url-user-agent' now defaults to 'default', and the User-Agent
377 string is computed dynamically based on 'url-privacy-level'.
379 ** VC and related modes
382 *** The VC state indicator in the mode line now defaults to more
383 colorful faces to make it more obvious to the user what the state is.
384 See the 'vc-faces' customization group.
388 *** Opening a .h file will turn C or C++ mode depending on language used.
389 This is done with the help of 'c-or-c++-mode' function which analyses
390 contents of the buffer to determine whether it's a C or C++ source
394 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.2
396 ** New Elisp data-structure library `radix-tree'.
399 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
402 ** Resizing a frame no longer runs 'window-configuration-change-hook'.
403 Put your function on 'window-size-change-functions' instead.
405 ** 'C-up', 'C-down', 'C-left' and 'C-right' are now defined in term
406 mode to send the same escape sequences that xterm does. This makes
407 things like forward-word in readline work.
410 ** hideshow mode got four key bindings that are analogous to outline
411 mode bindings: 'C-c @ C-a', 'C-c @ C-t', 'C-c @ C-d', and 'C-c @ C-e.'
413 ** The grep/rgrep/lgrep functions will now ask about saving files
414 before running. This is controlled by the 'grep-save-buffers'
418 ** The variable 'text-quoting-style' no longer affects the treatment
419 of curved quotes in format arguments to functions like 'message' and
420 'format-message'. In particular, when this variable's value is
421 'grave', all quotes in formats are output as-is.
423 ** Functions like 'check-declare-file' and 'check-declare-directory'
424 now generate less chatter and more-compact diagnostics. The auxiliary
425 function 'check-declare-errmsg' has been removed.
428 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.2
430 ** New var `definition-prefixes' is a hashtable mapping prefixes to the
431 files where corresponding definitions can be found. This can be used
432 to fetch definitions that are not yet loaded, for example for `C-h f'.
434 ** New var syntax-ppss-table to control the syntax-table used in syntax-ppss.
437 ** 'define-derived-mode' can now specify an :after-hook form, which
438 gets evaluated after the new mode's hook has run. This can be used to
439 incorporate configuration changes made in the mode hook into the
442 ** Autoload files can be generated without timestamps,
443 by setting 'autoload-timestamps' to nil.
444 FIXME As an experiment, nil is the current default.
445 If no insurmountable problems before next release, it can stay that way.
448 ** 'gnutls-boot' now takes a parameter :complete-negotiation that says
449 that negotiation should complete even on non-blocking sockets.
452 ** New functions 'window-pixel-width-before-size-change' and
453 'window-pixel-height-before-size-change' support detecting which
454 window changed size when 'window-size-change-functions' are run.
457 ** New function 'display-buffer-reuse-mode-window' is an action function
458 suitable for use in 'display-buffer-alist'. For example, to avoid creating
459 a new window when opening man pages when there's already one, use
460 (add-to-list 'display-buffer-alist
461 '("\\`\\*Man .*\\*\\'" .
462 (display-buffer-reuse-mode-window
463 (inhibit-same-window . nil)
467 ** There is now a new variable 'flyspell-sort-corrections-function'
468 that allows changing the way corrections are sorted.
471 ** The new command 'fortune-message' has been added, which displays
472 fortunes in the echo area.
475 ** New function 'func-arity' returns information about the argument list
476 of an arbitrary function. This generalizes 'subr-arity' for functions
477 that are not built-in primitives. We recommend using this new
478 function instead of 'subr-arity'.
481 ** 'parse-partial-sexp' state has a new element. Element 10 is
482 non-nil when the last character scanned might be the first character
483 of a two character construct, i.e., a comment delimiter or escaped
484 character. Its value is the syntax of that last character.
487 ** 'parse-partial-sexp''s state, element 9, has now been confirmed as
488 permanent and documented, and may be used by Lisp programs. Its value
489 is a list of currently open parenthesis positions, starting with the
490 outermost parenthesis.
493 ** 'read-color' will now display the color names using the color itself
494 as the background color.
496 ** The function 'redirect-debugging-output' now works on platforms
497 other than GNU/Linux.
500 ** The new function 'string-version-lessp' compares strings by
501 interpreting consecutive runs of numerical characters as numbers, and
502 compares their numerical values. According to this predicate,
503 "foo2.png" is smaller than "foo12.png".
506 ** The new function 'char-from-name' converts a Unicode name string
507 to the corresponding character code.
510 ** New functions 'sxhash-eq' and 'sxhash-eql' return hash codes of a
511 Lisp object suitable for use with 'eq' and 'eql' correspondingly. If
512 two objects are 'eq' ('eql'), then the result of 'sxhash-eq'
513 ('sxhash-eql') on them will be the same.
516 ** Function 'sxhash' has been renamed to 'sxhash-equal' for
517 consistency with the new functions. For compatibility, 'sxhash'
518 remains as an alias to 'sxhash-equal'.
521 ** Time conversion functions that accept a time zone rule argument now
522 allow it to be OFFSET or a list (OFFSET ABBR), where the integer
523 OFFSET is a count of seconds east of Universal Time, and the string
524 ABBR is a time zone abbreviation. The affected functions are
525 'current-time-string', 'current-time-zone', 'decode-time',
526 'format-time-string', and 'set-time-zone-rule'.
529 *** New basic face 'fixed-pitch-serif', for a fixed-width font with serifs.
530 The Info-quoted and tex-verbatim faces now default to inheriting from it.
533 * Changes in Emacs 25.2 on Non-Free Operating Systems
535 ** Intercepting hotkeys on Windows 7 and later now works better.
536 The new keyboard hooking code properly grabs system hotkeys such as
537 Win-* and Alt-TAB, in a way that Emacs can get at them before the
538 system. This makes the 'w32-register-hot-key' functionality work
539 again on all versions of MS-Windows starting with Windows 7. On
540 Windows NT and later you can now register any hotkey combination. (On
541 Windows 9X, the previous limitations, spelled out in the Emacs manual,
544 ** 'convert-standard-filename' no longer mirrors slashes on MS-Windows.
545 Previously, on MS-Windows this function converted slash characters in
546 file names into backslashes. It no longer does that.
549 * Installation Changes in Emacs 25.1
552 ** Building Emacs now requires C99 or later.
555 ** Building Emacs now requires GNU make, version 3.81 or later.
558 ** New configure option --with-cairo.
559 This builds Emacs with Cairo drawing. As a side effect, it provides
560 support for built-in printing, when Emacs was built with GTK+.
561 Cairo drawing is an experimental feature in Emacs, and subject to
562 change in future releases.
565 ** New configure option --with-modules.
566 This enables support for loading dynamic modules; see below.
569 ** By default, Emacs no longer works on IRIX. We expect that Emacs
570 users are not affected by this, as SGI stopped supporting IRIX in
571 December 2013. If you are affected, please send a bug report. You
572 should be able to work around the problem either by porting the Emacs
573 undumping code to GCC under IRIX, or by configuring --with-wide-int,
574 or by sticking with Emacs 24.4.
577 ** The Emacs garbage collector assumes GC_MARK_STACK == GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS.
578 The GC_MAKE_GCPROS_NOOPS stack-marking variant has been the default
579 since Emacs 24.4, and the other variants were undocumented and were
580 obstacles to maintenance and development. GC_MARK_STACK and its
581 related symbols have been removed from the C internals.
584 ** 'configure' now prefers gnustep-config when configuring GNUstep.
585 If gnustep-config is not available, the old heuristics are used.
588 ** 'configure' now prefers inotify to gfile for file notification,
589 unless gfile is explicitly requested via --with-file-notification='gfile'.
592 ** 'configure' detects the kqueue file notification library on *BSD
593 and Mac OS X machines.
596 ** The configure option '--with-pkg-config-prog' has been removed.
597 Use './configure PKG_CONFIG=/full/name/of/pkg-config' if you need to.
600 ** The configure option '--with-mmdf' has been removed.
601 It was no longer useful, as it relied on libraries that are no longer
602 supported, and its presence led to confusion during configuration.
603 This affects only the 'movemail' utility; Emacs itself can still
604 process MMDF-format files as before.
607 ** The configure option '--enable-silent-rules' is now the default,
608 and silent rules are now quieter. To get the old behavior where
609 'make' chatters a lot, configure with '--disable-silent-rules' or
610 build with 'make V=1'.
613 ** The configure option '--with-gameuser' now allows you to specify a
614 group instead of a user if its argument is prefixed by ':' (a colon).
615 This will cause the game score files in "${localstatedir}/games/emacs"
616 to be owned by that group, and the helper program for updating them to
617 be installed setgid. The option now defaults to the 'games' group.
620 ** The 'grep-changelog' script (and its manual page) are no longer included.
621 It has no particular connection to Emacs and has not changed in years,
622 so if you want to use it, you can always take a copy from an older Emacs.
625 ** Emacs 25 comes with a new set of icons.
626 Various resolutions are available as etc/images/icons/hicolor/*/apps/emacs.png.
627 The old Emacs logo icons are available as 'emacs23.png' in the same location.
630 ** New make target 'check-expensive' to run additional tests.
631 This includes all tests which run via "make check", plus additional
632 tests which take more time to perform.
635 * Startup Changes in Emacs 25.1
638 ** When Emacs is given a file as a command line argument and
639 'initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, display both the file and
640 'initial-buffer-choice'. When Emacs is given more than one file and
641 'initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil, show 'initial-buffer-choice'
642 and '*Buffer List*'. This makes Emacs convenient to use from the
643 command line when 'initial-buffer-choice' is non-nil.
646 ** The value of 'initial-scratch-message' is now treated as a doc string
647 and can contain escape sequences for command keys, quotes, and the like.
650 ** The default height of GUI frames was enlarged.
651 This is so there's enough space in the initial window to display the
652 optional text about recovering crashes sessions, without losing the
653 splash image display.
656 * Changes in Emacs 25.1
659 ** Xwidgets: a new feature for embedding native widgets inside Emacs buffers.
660 If you have gtk3 and webkitgtk3 installed, and Emacs was built with
661 xwidget support, you can access the embedded webkit browser with 'M-x
662 xwidget-webkit-browse-url'. This opens a new buffer with the embedded
663 browser. The buffer will have a new mode, 'xwidget-webkit-mode'
664 (similar to 'image-mode'), which supports the webkit widget.
667 *** New functions for xwidget-webkit mode 'xwidget-webkit-insert-string',
668 'xwidget-webkit-adjust-size-dispatch', 'xwidget-webkit-back',
669 'xwidget-webkit-browse-url', 'xwidget-webkit-reload',
670 'xwidget-webkit-current-url', 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-backward',
671 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-forward', 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-down',
672 'xwidget-webkit-scroll-up'.
675 ** Emacs can now load shared/dynamic libraries (modules).
676 A dynamic Emacs module is a shared library that provides additional
677 functionality for use in Emacs Lisp programs, just like a package
678 written in Emacs Lisp would. The functions 'load', 'require',
679 'load-file', etc. were extended to load such modules, as they do with
680 Emacs Lisp packages. The new variable 'module-file-suffix' holds the
681 system-dependent value of the file-name extension ('.so' on Posix
682 hosts) of the module files.
684 A module should export a C-callable function named
685 'emacs_module_init', which Emacs will call as part of the call to
686 'load' or 'require' which loads the module. It should also export a
687 symbol named 'plugin_is_GPL_compatible' to indicate that its code is
688 released under the GPL or compatible license; Emacs will refuse to
689 load modules that don't export such a symbol.
691 If a module needs to call Emacs functions, it should do so through the
692 API defined and documented in the header file 'emacs-module.h'. Note
693 that any module that provides Lisp-callable functions will have to use
694 Emacs functions such as 'fset' and 'funcall', in order to register its
695 functions with the Emacs Lisp interpreter.
697 Modules can create 'user-ptr' Lisp objects that embed pointers to C
698 structs defined by the module. This is useful for keeping around
699 complex data structures created by a module, to be passed back to the
700 module's functions. User-ptr objects can also have associated
701 "finalizers" -- functions to be run when the object is GC'ed; this is
702 useful for freeing any resources allocated for the underlying data
703 structure, such as memory, open file descriptors, etc. A new
704 predicate 'user-ptrp' returns non-nil if its argument is a 'user-ptr'
707 Loadable modules in Emacs are an experimental feature, and subject to
708 change in future releases. For that reason, their support is disabled
709 by default, and must be enabled by using the '--with-modules' option
713 ** Network security (TLS/SSL certificate validity and the like) is
714 added via the new Network Security Manager (NSM) and controlled via
715 the 'network-security-level' variable.
718 ** 'C-h l' now also lists the commands that were run.
721 ** 'x-select-enable-clipboard' is renamed 'select-enable-clipboard'
722 and 'x-select-enable-primary' is renamed 'select-enable-primary'.
723 Additionally they both now apply to all systems (OSX, GNUstep, Windows, you
724 name it), with the proviso that on some systems (e.g. Windows)
725 'select-enable-primary' is ineffective since the system doesn't
726 have the equivalent of a primary selection.
729 ** New option 'switch-to-buffer-in-dedicated-window' allows you to
730 customize how 'switch-to-buffer' proceeds interactively when the
731 selected window is strongly dedicated to its buffer.
734 ** The option 'even-window-heights' has been renamed to
735 'even-window-sizes' and now handles window widths as well.
738 ** 'terpri' gets an optional arg ENSURE to conditionally output a newline.
741 ** 'insert-register' now leaves point after the inserted text
742 when called interactively. A prefix argument toggles this behavior.
745 ** The new variable 'term-file-aliases' replaces some files from lisp/term.
746 The function 'tty-run-terminal-initialization' consults this variable
747 when deciding what terminal-specific initialization code to run.
750 ** New variable 'system-configuration-features', listing some of the
751 main features that Emacs was compiled with. This is mainly intended
752 for use in Emacs bug reports.
755 ** A password is now hidden also when typed in batch mode. Another
756 hiding character but the default '.' can be used by let-binding the
757 variable 'read-hide-char'.
760 ** The Emacs pseudo-random number generator can be securely seeded.
761 On systems where Emacs can access the system entropy or some other
762 cryptographically secure random stream, it now uses that when 'random'
763 is called with its argument t. This allows cryptographically strong
764 random values; in particular, the Emacs server now uses this facility
765 to produce its authentication key.
768 ** New input methods: 'tamil-dvorak' and 'programmer-dvorak'.
771 * Editing Changes in Emacs 25.1
774 ** 'M-x' suggests shorthands and ignores obsolete commands for completion.
779 *** Successive single-char deletions are collapsed in the undo-log just like
780 successive char insertions. Which commands invoke this behavior is
781 controlled by the new 'undo-auto-amalgamate' function. See the node
782 "Undo" in the ELisp manual for more details.
785 *** The heuristic used to insert 'undo-boundary' after each command
786 has changed, so that if a command causes changes in more than just the
787 current buffer, Emacs now calls 'undo-boundary' in every buffer
788 affected by the command.
791 ** New command 'comment-line' bound to 'C-x C-;'.
793 ** New and improved facilities for inserting Unicode characters
796 *** Unicode names entered via 'C-x 8 RET' now use substring completion
800 *** 'C-x 8' now has shorthands for several chars, such as U+2010
801 (HYPHEN), U+2011 (NON-BREAKING HYPHEN), and U+2012 (FIGURE DASH). As
802 before, you can type 'C-x 8 C-h' to list shorthands.
805 *** New minor mode 'electric-quote-mode' for using curved quotes as you
806 type. See also the new variable 'text-quoting-style'.
809 ** New minor mode 'global-eldoc-mode' is enabled by default.
812 ** Emacs now uses "bracketed paste mode" on text terminals that support it.
813 Bracketed paste mode causes text terminals to wrap pasted text in special
814 escape sequences that allow Emacs to tell the difference between text
815 you type and text you paste from other applications. Emacs then
816 avoids interpreting each character in the pasted text as it does with
817 keyboard input, which results in a paste experience similar to that
818 under a window system, and significant performance improvements when
819 pasting large amounts of text.
821 Bracketed paste mode is disabled by default, so Emacs automatically
822 enables it at startup if the terminal supports it.
825 ** Emacs now supports the latest version of the UBA.
826 The Emacs implementation of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm (UBA)
827 was updated to support all the latest additions and changes introduced
828 in Unicode Standard versions 6.3, 7.0, and the latest Unicode 8.0.
829 This includes full support for directional isolates and the
830 Bidirectional Parentheses Algorithm (BPA) specified by these Unicode
834 ** You can access 'mouse-buffer-menu' ('C-down-mouse-1') using 'C-f10'.
837 ** New buffer-local 'electric-pair-local-mode'.
840 ** New variable 'fast-but-imprecise-scrolling' inhibits
841 fontification during full screen scrolling operations, giving less
842 hesitant operation during auto-repeat of 'C-v', 'M-v' at the cost of
843 possible inaccuracies in the end position.
846 ** New documentation command 'describe-symbol'.
847 Works for functions, variables, faces, etc. It is bound to 'C-h o' by
851 ** New function 'custom-prompt-customize-unsaved-options' checks for
852 unsaved customizations and prompts user to customize (if found). It
853 is intended for adding to 'kill-emacs-query-functions'.
856 ** The old 'C-x w' bindings in 'hi-lock-mode' are officially deprecated
857 in favor of the global 'M-s h' bindings introduced in Emacs 23.1.
858 They'll disappear soon.
861 * Changes in Specialized Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
866 *** New command 'checkdoc-package-keywords' checks if the
867 current package keywords are recognized. Set the new option
868 'checkdoc-package-keywords-flag' to non-nil to make
869 'checkdoc-current-buffer' call this function automatically.
872 *** New function 'checkdoc-file' checks for style errors.
873 It's meant for use together with 'compile':
874 emacs -batch --eval "(checkdoc-file \"subr.el\")"
879 *** The desktop format version has been upgraded from 206 to 208.
880 Although Emacs 25.1 can read a version 206 desktop, earlier Emacsen
881 cannot read a version 208 desktop. To upgrade your desktop file, you
882 must explicitly request the upgrade, by 'C-u M-x desktop-save'. You are
883 recommended to do this as soon as you have firmly upgraded to Emacs
884 25.1 (or later). Should you ever need to downgrade your desktop file
885 to version 206, you can do this with 'C-u C-u M-x desktop-save'.
888 *** desktop-restore-in-current-display now defaults to t, not nil.
889 That is, Emacs by default now restores frames into the current display.
892 ** New function 'bookmark-set-no-overwrite' bound to 'C-x r M'.
893 It raises an error if a bookmark of that name already exists,
894 unlike 'bookmark-set' which silently updates an existing bookmark.
899 *** New user options 'mm-html-inhibit-images' and 'mm-html-blocked-images'
900 now control how mm-* functions fetch and display images in an HTML
901 message. Gnus still uses 'gnus-inhibit-images' and 'gnus-blocked-images'
902 for that purpose, i.e., binds mm-html- variables with those gnus-
903 variables, but other packages do not have to bind gnus- variables now.
906 *** 'mm-inline-text-html-with-images' has been removed.
907 Use 'mm-html-inhibit-images' instead. Note that the value is opposite
913 *** 'imap-ssl-program' has been removed, and imap.el uses the internal
914 GnuTLS encryption functions if possible.
919 *** 'json-pretty-print' and 'json-pretty-print-buffer' now maintain
920 the ordering of object keys by default.
923 *** New commands 'json-pretty-print-ordered' and
924 'json-pretty-print-buffer-ordered' pretty prints JSON objects with
925 object keys sorted alphabetically.
927 ** Prettify Symbols mode
930 *** Prettify Symbols mode supports custom composition predicates. By
931 overriding the default 'prettify-symbols-compose-predicate', modes can
932 specify in which contexts a symbol may be displayed as some Unicode
933 character. 'prettify-symbols-default-compose-p' is the default which
934 is suitable for most programming languages such as C or Lisp (but not
938 *** Symbols can be unprettified while point is inside them.
939 New variable 'prettify-symbols-unprettify-at-point' configures this.
941 ** Enhanced xterm support
944 *** The new variable 'xterm-screen-extra-capabilities' for configuring xterm.
945 This variable tells Emacs which advanced capabilities are available in
946 the xterm terminal emulator used to display Emacs text-mode frames.
947 The default is to check each capability, and use it if available.
948 (This variable was introduced in Emacs 24.1, but was not announced in
952 *** Killing text now also sets the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection
953 in the surrounding GUI (using the OSC-52 escape sequence). This only works
954 if your xterm supports it and enables the 'allowWindowOps' options (disabled
955 by default at least in Debian, for security reasons).
957 Similarly, you can yank the CLIPBOARD/PRIMARY selection (using the OSC-52
958 escape sequence) if your xterm has the feature enabled but for that you
959 additionally need to add 'getSelection' to 'xterm-extra-capabilities'.
962 *** 'xterm-mouse-mode' now supports mouse-tracking (if your xterm supports it).
965 ** The way to turn on and off 'save-place' mode has changed.
966 It is no longer sufficient to load the saveplace library and set
967 'save-place' non-nil. Instead, use the two new minor modes:
968 'save-place-mode' turns on saving last place in every file, and
969 'save-place-local-mode' does that only for the file in whose buffer it
970 is invoked. The 'save-place' variable is now an obsolete alias for
971 'save-place-mode', which replaces it, and 'toggle-save-place' is an
972 obsolete alias for the new 'save-place-local-mode' command.
977 *** ERC can now hide message types by network or channel.
978 'erc-hide-list' will hide all messages of the specified type, while
979 'erc-network-hide-list' and 'erc-channel-hide-list' will only hide the
980 specified message types for the respective specified targets.
983 *** Reconnection is now asynchronous.
986 *** Nick completion is now case-insensitive again after inadvertently
987 being made case-sensitive in Emacs 24.2.
992 *** New commands, key binds, and menu items.
994 **** '<' and '>' for navigating previous and next tracks in playlist
996 **** New play/pause command 'mpc-toggle-play' bound to 's'
998 **** 'g' bound to new command 'mpc-seek-current' will navigate current
1001 **** New commands 'mpc-toggle-{consume,repeat,single,shuffle}' for
1002 toggling playback modes.
1005 *** Now supports connecting to a UNIX domain socket.
1008 *** Looks at more image file names to use as album art.
1009 Case-insensitively tries for .folder.png (freedesktop) and folder.jpg
1010 (XP) in addition to cover.jpg.
1013 *** Searches in more locations for MPD configuration files.
1014 MPD supports the XDG base directory specification since version 0.17.6.
1019 *** 'midnight-mode' is now a proper minor mode.
1022 *** clean-buffer-*-regexps can now specify buffers via predicate functions.
1027 *** New "external" package status.
1028 An external package is any installed package that's not built-in and
1029 not from 'package-user-dir', which usually means it's from an entry in
1030 'package-directory-list'. They are treated much like built-in
1031 packages, in that they cannot be deleted through the package menu and
1032 are not considered for upgrades.
1034 The effect is that a user can manually place a specific version of a
1035 package inside 'package-directory-list' and the package menu will
1036 always respect that.
1039 *** If a package is available on multiple archives and one has higher
1040 priority (as per 'package-archive-priorities') only that one is
1041 listed. This can be configured with 'package-menu-hide-low-priority'.
1044 *** 'package-menu-toggle-hiding' now toggles the hiding of packages.
1045 This includes the above-mentioned low-priority packages, as well as
1046 available packages whose version is lower than the currently installed
1047 version (which were previously impossible to display).
1048 This allows users to downgrade a package if a lower version is
1052 *** When filtering the package menu, keywords starting with "arc:" or
1053 "status:" represent package archive or status, respectively, instead
1057 *** Most functions which involve downloading information now take an
1058 ASYNC argument. If it is non-nil, package.el performs the download(s)
1062 *** New variable 'package-menu-async' controls whether the
1063 package-menu uses asynchronous downloads.
1066 *** 'package-install-from-buffer' and 'package-install-file' work on directories.
1067 This follows the same rules as installing from a .tar file, except the
1068 -pkg file is optional.
1071 *** Packages which are dependencies of other packages cannot be deleted.
1072 The FORCE argument to 'package-delete' overrides this.
1075 *** New custom variable 'package-selected-packages' tracks packages
1076 which were installed by the user (as opposed to installed as
1077 dependencies). This variable can also be manually customized.
1080 *** New command 'package-install-selected-packages' installs all
1081 packages from 'package-selected-packages' which are currently missing.
1084 *** 'package-install' function now takes a DONT-SELECT argument. If
1085 this function is called interactively or if DONT-SELECT is nil, add the
1086 package being installed to 'package-selected-packages'.
1089 *** New command 'package-autoremove' removes all packages which were
1090 installed strictly as dependencies but are no longer needed.
1095 When you invoke 'shell' interactively, the '*shell*' buffer will now
1096 display in a new window. However, you can customize this behavior via
1097 the 'display-buffer-alist' variable. For example, to get
1098 the old behavior -- '*shell*' buffer displays in current window -- use
1099 (add-to-list 'display-buffer-alist
1100 '("^\\*shell\\*$" . (display-buffer-same-window))).
1104 *** The ':protection' slot option is not obeyed any more.
1106 *** The 'newname' argument to constructors is optional&deprecated.
1107 If you need your objects to be named, do it by inheriting from 'eieio-named'.
1109 *** The <class>-list-p and <class>-child-p functions are declared obsolete.
1111 *** The <class> variables are declared obsolete.
1113 *** The <initarg> variables are declared obsolete.
1115 *** defgeneric and defmethod are declared obsolete.
1116 Use the equivalent facilities from cl-generic.el instead.
1118 *** 'constructor' is now an obsolete alias for 'make-instance'.
1120 *** 'pcase' accepts a new UPattern 'eieio'.
1125 *** New command 'ido-bury-buffer-at-head' bound to 'C-S-b'.
1126 Bury the buffer at the head of 'ido-matches', analogous to how 'C-k'
1127 kills the buffer at head.
1130 *** A prefix argument to 'ido-restrict-to-matches' will reverse its
1131 meaning, and the list is restricted to those elements that do not
1132 match the current input.
1137 *** You can use <UP> and <DOWN> arrow keys to move through history by lines.
1138 The new commands 'next-line-or-history-element' and
1139 'previous-line-or-history-element', bound to <UP> and <DOWN> in the
1140 minibuffer, allow by-line movement through minibuffer history,
1141 similarly to an ordinary buffer. Only when point moves over
1142 the bottom/top of the minibuffer it goes to the next/previous history
1143 element. 'M-p' and 'M-n' still move directly to previous/next history
1146 ** Search and Replace
1149 *** 'isearch' and 'query-replace' can now perform character folding in matches.
1150 This is analogous to case folding, but instead of disregarding case
1151 variants, it disregards wider classes of distinctions between similar
1152 characters. (Case folding is a special case of character folding.)
1153 This means many characters in the search string will match entire
1154 groups of characters instead of just themselves.
1156 For instance, the ASCII double quote character " will match all
1157 variants of double quotes, and the letter 'a' will match all of its
1158 accented cousins, even those composed of multiple characters, as well
1159 as many other symbols like U+249C (PARENTHESIZED LATIN SMALL LETTER
1162 Character folding is enabled by customizing 'search-default-mode' to
1163 the value 'char-fold-to-regexp'. You can also toggle character
1164 folding in the middle of a search by typing 'M-s ''.
1166 'query-replace' honors character folding if the new variable
1167 'replace-char-fold' is customized to a non-nil value.
1170 *** New user option 'search-default-mode'.
1171 This option specifies the default mode for Isearch. The default
1172 value, nil specifies that Isearch does literal searches (however,
1173 'case-fold-search' and 'isearch-lax-whitespace' may still be applied,
1174 as in previous Emacs versions).
1177 *** New function 'char-fold-to-regexp' can be used
1178 by searching commands to produce a regexp matching anything that
1179 char-folds into STRING.
1182 *** The new 'M-s M-w' key binding uses eww to search the web for the
1183 text in the region. The search engine to use for this is specified by
1184 the customizable variable 'eww-search-prefix'.
1187 *** 'query-replace' history is enhanced.
1188 When 'query-replace' reads the FROM string from the minibuffer, typing
1189 'M-p' will now show previous replacements as "FROM SEP TO", where FROM
1190 and TO are the original text and its replacement, and SEP is an arrow
1191 string defined by the new variable 'query-replace-from-to-separator'.
1192 To select a prior replacement, type 'M-p' until the desired
1193 replacement appears in the minibuffer, and then exit the minibuffer by
1198 *** If 'quick-calc' is called with a prefix argument, insert the
1199 result of the calculation into the current buffer.
1202 ** In Edebug, you can now set the initial mode with 'C-x C-a C-m'.
1203 With this you can tell Edebug not to stop at the start of the first
1204 instrumented function.
1209 *** New minor mode 'global-eldoc-mode'.
1210 It is turned on by default, and affects '*scratch*' and other buffers
1211 whose major mode supports Emacs Lisp.
1214 *** 'eldoc-documentation-function' now defaults to 'ignore'.
1217 *** 'describe-char-eldoc' displays information about character at point,
1218 and can be used as a default value of 'eldoc-documentation-function'. It is
1219 useful when, for example, one needs to distinguish various spaces - e.g.,
1220 U+00A0 (NO-BREAK SPACE), U+2002 (EN SPACE), and U+2009 (THIN SPACE) - while
1221 using mono-spaced font.
1226 *** HTML can now be rendered using variable-width fonts.
1229 *** A new command 'F' ('eww-toggle-fonts') can be used to toggle
1230 whether to use variable-pitch fonts or not. The user can also
1231 customize the 'shr-use-fonts' variable.
1234 *** A new command 'R' ('eww-readable') will try do identify the main
1235 textual parts of a web page and display only that, leaving menus and
1236 the like off the page.
1239 *** A new command 'D' ('eww-toggle-paragraph-direction') allows you to
1240 toggle the paragraph direction between left-to-right and right-to-left.
1243 *** You can now use several eww buffers in parallel by renaming eww
1244 buffers you want to keep separate.
1247 *** Partial state of the eww buffers (the URIs and the titles of the
1248 pages visited) is now preserved in the desktop file.
1251 *** 'eww-after-render-hook' is now called after eww has rendered
1252 the data in the buffer.
1255 *** The 'eww-reload' command now takes a prefix to not reload via
1256 the net, but just use the local copy of the HTML.
1259 *** The DOM shr and eww uses has been changed to the general Emacs
1260 xml.el/libxml2 DOM, and a new package dom.el has been added to
1261 interact with this DOM. See the Emacs Lisp manual for interface
1265 *** 'mailcap-mime-data' is now consulted when displaying PDF files.
1268 *** The new 'S' command will list all eww buffers, and allow managing
1272 *** https pages with valid certificates have headers marked in green, while
1273 invalid certificates are marked in red.
1278 *** text/html messages that contain inline image parts will be
1279 transformed into multipart/related messages before sending.
1282 ** In Show Paren Mode, a parenthesis can be highlighted when point
1283 stands inside it, and certain parens can be highlighted when point is
1284 at BOL or EOL, or in whitespace there. To enable these, customize,
1285 respectively, 'show-paren-when-point-inside-paren' or
1286 'show-paren-when-point-in-periphery'.
1289 ** If gpg2 exists on the system, it is now used as the default value
1290 of 'epg-gpg-program' (instead of gpg).
1295 *** Strings after ':documentation' are highlighted as docstrings.
1296 This enhances Lisp mode fontification to handle documentation of the
1297 form '(:documentation "the doc string")' used in Common Lisp code for
1298 CLOS class and slot documentation.
1300 ** Rectangle editing
1303 *** Rectangle Mark mode can have corners past EOL or in the middle of a TAB.
1306 *** 'C-x C-x' in 'rectangle-mark-mode' now cycles through the four corners.
1307 *** 'string-rectangle' provides on-the-fly preview of the result.
1310 ** New font-lock functions 'font-lock-ensure' and 'font-lock-flush'.
1311 These should be used in preference to 'font-lock-fontify-buffer' when
1315 ** Macro 'minibuffer-with-setup-hook' can optionally append a function
1316 to 'minibuffer-setup-hook'.
1318 If the first argument of the macro is of the form '(:append FUN)',
1319 then FUN will be appended to 'minibuffer-setup-hook', instead of
1324 *** New functions 'cl-fresh-line', 'cl-digit-char-p', and 'cl-parse-integer'.
1327 *** 'pcase' accepts the new UPattern 'cl-struct'.
1329 ** Calendar and diary
1332 *** The default 'diary-file' is now located in "~/.emacs.d".
1335 *** New commands to insert diary entries with Chinese dates:
1336 'diary-chinese-insert-anniversary-entry' 'diary-chinese-insert-entry'
1337 'diary-chinese-insert-monthly-entry', 'diary-chinese-insert-yearly-entry'.
1340 *** The calendar can now list and mark diary entries with Chinese dates.
1341 See 'diary-chinese-list-entries' and 'diary-chinese-mark-entries'.
1344 *** The option 'calendar-mode-line-format' can now be nil,
1345 which means to do nothing special with the mode line in calendars.
1348 *** New option 'calendar-weekend-days'.
1349 The option customizes which day headers receive the
1350 'calendar-weekend-header' face.
1353 *** New optional args N and STRING for 'holiday-greek-orthodox-easter'.
1356 *** Many items obsolete since at least version 23.1 have been removed.
1357 The majority were function/variable/face aliases, too numerous to list here.
1360 **** Functions 'calendar-one-frame-setup', 'calendar-only-one-frame-setup',
1361 'calendar-two-frame-setup', 'european-calendar', 'american-calendar'.
1363 **** Hooks 'cal-menu-load-hook', 'cal-x-load-hook'.
1365 **** Macro 'calendar-for-loop'.
1367 **** Variables 'european-calendar-style', 'diary-face', 'hebrew-holidays-{1,4}'.
1369 **** The nil and list forms of 'diary-display-function'.
1372 ** New ERT function 'ert-summarize-tests-batch-and-exit'.
1373 If the output of ERT tests in batch mode execution can be saved to a
1374 log file, then it can be passed as an argument to the above function
1375 to produce a neat summary.
1378 ** New js.el option 'js-indent-first-init'.
1383 ** Info mode now displays symbol names in fixed-pitch font.
1384 If you want to get the old behavior back, customize the 'Info-quoted'
1385 face to use the same definitions as the default face.
1388 *** 'Info-fontify-maximum-menu-size' can be t for no limit.
1391 *** 'info-display-manual' can now be given a prefix argument which (any
1392 non-nil value) directs the command to limit the completion
1393 alternatives to currently visited manuals.
1396 ** ntlm.el has support for NTLM2.
1401 *** The Rmail commands 'd', 'C-d' and 'u' take optional repeat counts
1402 to delete or undelete multiple messages.
1405 *** Rmail can now render HTML mail messages if your Emacs was built with
1406 libxml2 or if you have the Lynx browser installed. By default, Rmail
1407 will display the HTML version of a mail message that has both HTML and
1408 plain text parts, if display of HTML email is possible; customize the
1409 'rmail-mime-prefer-html' option to nil if you don't want that.
1412 *** In the commands that make summaries by subject, recipients, or senders,
1413 you can no longer use commas to separate regular expressions.
1416 ** SES now supports local printer functions; see 'ses-define-local-printer'.
1418 ** Shell-script Mode
1420 *** In sh-mode you can now use 'sh-shell' as a file-local variable to
1421 specify the type of shell in use (bash, csh, etc).
1424 *** New value 'always' for 'sh-indent-after-continuation'.
1425 This provides old-style ("dumb") indentation of continued lines.
1426 See the doc string of 'sh-indent-after-continuation' for details.
1430 *** Fatal TLS errors are now silent by default.
1433 *** If Emacs isn't built with TLS support, an external TLS-capable
1434 program is used instead. This program used to be run in --insecure
1435 mode by default, but has now changed to be secure instead, and will
1436 fail if you try to connect to non-verifiable hosts. This is
1437 controlled by the 'tls-program' variable.
1442 *** The URL package accepts now the protocols "ssh", "scp" and "rsync".
1443 When 'url-handler-mode' is enabled, file operations for these
1444 protocols as well as for "telnet" and "ftp" are passed to Tramp.
1447 *** The URL package allows customizing the 'url-user-agent' string.
1448 The new 'url-user-agent' variable can be customized to be a string or
1452 *** The new interface variable 'url-request-noninteractive' can be used
1453 to specify that we're running in a noninteractive context, and that
1454 we should not be queried about things like TLS certificate validity.
1457 *** 'url-mime-accept-string' can now be used as in "interface"
1458 variable, meaning you can bind it around an 'url-retrieve' call.
1461 *** If URL is used with a https connection, the first callback argument
1462 PLIST will contain a :peer element that has the output of
1463 'gnutls-peer-status' (if Emacs is built with GnuTLS support).
1468 *** New connection method "afp", which allows you to access Mac OS X
1469 volumes via the Apple Filing Protocol.
1472 *** New connection method "nc", which allows you to access dumb
1476 *** Method-specific parameters can be overwritten now with variable
1477 'tramp-connection-properties'.
1480 *** Handler for 'file-notify-valid-p' for remote machines that support
1481 filesystem notifications.
1486 *** New user variable 'sql-default-directory' enables remote
1487 connections using Tramp.
1490 *** New command 'sql-send-line-and-next'.
1491 This command, bound to 'C-c C-n' by default, sends the current line to
1492 the SQL process and advances to the next line, skipping whitespace and
1496 *** Added support for Vertica SQL.
1498 ** VC and related modes
1501 *** Basic push support, via 'vc-push', bound to 'C-x v P'.
1502 Implemented for Bzr, Git, Hg. As part of this change, the pre-existing
1503 (undocumented) command 'vc-hg-push' now behaves slightly differently.
1506 *** The new command 'vc-region-history' shows the log+diff of the active region.
1509 *** You can refresh the VC state of a file buffer with 'M-x vc-refresh-state'.
1510 This command is useful when you perform version control commands
1511 outside Emacs (e.g., from the shell prompt), or if you switch the VC
1512 back-end for the buffer's file, or remove it from version control.
1515 *** New option 'vc-annotate-background-mode' controls whether
1516 the color range from 'vc-annotate-color-map' is applied to the
1517 background or to the foreground.
1520 *** New options for customizing encoding of Git commit log messages.
1521 The new user options 'vc-git-commits-coding-system' and
1522 'vc-git-log-output-coding-system' specify the encoding of log messages
1523 sent to Git when committing, and the decoding of log messages read
1524 from Git history commands. These options default to UTF-8; if
1525 customized, they should be consistent with the Git config variables
1526 i18n.commitEncoding and i18n.logOutputEncoding.
1527 ('vc-git-commits-coding-system' existed previously, but was a
1528 variable, not a user option.)
1531 *** 'compare-windows' now compares text with the most recently selected window
1532 instead of the next window. If you want the previous behavior of
1533 comparing with the next window, customize the new option
1534 'compare-windows-get-window-function' to the value
1535 'compare-windows-get-next-window'.
1538 *** Two new faces 'compare-windows-removed' and 'compare-windows-added'
1539 replace the face 'compare-windows', which is now an obsolete alias for
1540 'compare-windows-added'.
1543 *** The VC state indicator in the mode line now has different faces
1544 corresponding to each of the possible states. See the 'vc-faces'
1545 customization group.
1548 *** 'log-edit-insert-changelog' converts "(tiny change)" to
1549 "Copyright-paperwork-exempt: yes". Set 'log-edit-rewrite-tiny-change'
1550 nil to disable this.
1553 *** vc-mcvs.el has been removed.
1556 ** VHDL mode now supports VHDL'08.
1561 *** Decimal display mode uses "," groups, so it's more
1562 fitting for use in money calculations
1565 *** Factorial works with non-integer inputs.
1570 *** Hide-IfDef mode now support full C/C++ expressions in macros,
1571 macro argument expansion, interactive macro evaluation and automatic
1572 scanning of #define'd symbols.
1575 *** New command 'hif-evaluate-macro', bound to 'C-c @ e', displays the
1576 result of evaluating a macro.
1579 *** New command 'hif-clear-all-ifdef-define', bound to 'C-c @ C', clears
1580 all defined symbols in 'hide-ifdef-env'.
1583 *** New custom variable 'hide-ifdef-header-regexp' to define C/C++ header
1584 file name patterns. Defaults to files whose extension is one of '.h',
1585 '.hh', '.hpp', '.hxx', or '.h++', matched case-insensitively.
1588 *** New custom variable 'hide-ifdef-expand-reinclusion-protection' to prevent
1589 reinclusion protected (a.k.a. "idempotent") header files from being hidden.
1590 (This could happen when an idempotent header file is visited again,
1591 when its guard symbol is already defined.) Defaults to t.
1594 *** New custom variable 'hide-ifdef-exclude-define-regexp' to define symbol
1595 name patterns (e.g. all "FOR_DOXYGEN_ONLY_*") to be ignored when
1596 looking for macro definitions. By default, no symbols are ignored.
1601 *** New custom variable 'tex-print-file-extension' to help users who
1602 use PDF instead of DVI.
1605 *** TeX mode now supports Prettify Symbols mode. When enabling
1606 'prettify-symbols-mode' in a tex-mode buffer, \alpha ... \omega, and
1607 many other math macros are displayed using unicode characters.
1610 ** New 'big-indent' style in 'whitespace-mode' highlights deep indentation.
1611 By default, 32 consecutive spaces or four consecutive TABs are
1612 considered to be too deep, but the new variable
1613 'whitespace-big-indent-regexp' can be customized to change that.
1616 ** New options in 'tildify-mode'.
1617 New options 'tildify-space-string', 'tildify-pattern', and
1618 'tildify-foreach-region-function' variables make
1619 'tildify-string-alist', 'tildify-pattern-alist', and
1620 'tildify-ignored-environments-alist' variables (as well as a few
1621 helper functions) obsolete.
1624 ** New package Xref replaces Etags's front-end and UI.
1626 The new package Xref provides a generic framework and new commands to
1627 find and move to definitions of functions, macros, data structures
1628 etc., as well as go back to the location where you were before moving
1629 to a definition. It supersedes and obsoletes many Etags commands,
1630 while still using the etags.el code that reads the TAGS tables as one
1633 The command 'xref-find-definitions' replaces 'find-tag' and provides
1634 an interface to pick one definition among several.
1635 'tags-loop-continue' is now unbound. 'xref-pop-marker-stack' replaces
1636 'pop-tag-mark', but has a keybinding ('M-,') different from the one
1637 'pop-tag-mark' used.
1639 'xref-find-definitions-other-window' replaces 'find-tag-other-window'.
1640 'xref-find-definitions-other-frame' replaces 'find-tag-other-frame'.
1641 'xref-find-apropos' replaces 'find-tag-regexp'.
1643 As a result of this, the following commands are now obsolete:
1644 'find-tag-other-window', 'find-tag-other-frame', 'find-tag-regexp',
1647 'tags-loop-continue' is not obsolete because it's still useful in
1648 'tags-search' and 'tags-query-replace', for which there are no direct
1652 *** Variants of 'tags-search' and 'tags-query-replace' in Dired were also
1653 replaced by xref-style commands, see the "Dired" section below.
1658 'find-tag-marker-ring-length' is now an obsolete alias for
1659 'xref-marker-ring-length'. 'find-tag-marker-ring' is now an obsolete
1660 alias for a private variable. 'xref-push-marker-stack' and
1661 'xref-pop-marker-stack' should be used instead to manipulate the stack
1662 of searches for definitions.
1665 *** 'xref-find-definitions' and 'describe-function' now display
1666 information about mode local overrides (defined by cedet/mode-local.el
1667 'define-overloadable-function' 'define-mode-local-overrides').
1669 The framework's Lisp API is still experimental and can change in major,
1670 backward-incompatible ways.
1673 ** New package Project
1675 The new package Project provides generic infrastructure for dealing
1676 with projects. The main commands included in it are
1677 'project-find-file' and 'project-find-regexp'.
1679 The Lisp API of this package is still experimental.
1682 EUDC's LDAP backend has been improved.
1685 *** EUDC supports LDAP-over-SSL URLs (ldaps://).
1688 *** EUDC passes LDAP passwords through a pipe to the ldapsearch
1689 subprocess instead of on the command line.
1692 *** EUDC handles LDAP wildcards automatically so the user shouldn't
1693 need to configure this manually anymore.
1696 *** The LDAP configuration section of EUDC's manual has been
1699 There have also been customization changes.
1702 *** New custom variable 'eudc-server-hotlist' to allow specifying
1703 multiple EUDC servers in init file.
1706 *** Custom variable 'eudc-inline-query-format' defaults to completing
1707 on email and firstname instead of surname.
1710 *** Custom variable 'eudc-expansion-overwrites-query' defaults to nil
1711 to avoid interfering with the kill ring.
1714 *** Custom variable 'eudc-inline-expansion-format' defaults to
1715 "Firstname Surname <mail-address>".
1718 *** Custom variable 'eudc-options-file' defaults to
1719 "~/.emacs.d/eudc-options".
1722 *** New custom variable 'ldap-ldapsearch-password-prompt-regexp' to
1723 allow overriding the regular expression that recognizes the ldapsearch
1724 command line's password prompt.
1727 EUDC's BBDB backend now supports BBDB 3.
1730 EUDC's PH backend (eudcb-ph.el) is obsolete.
1735 *** The new built-in command 'clear' can scroll window contents out of sight.
1736 If provided with an optional non-nil argument, the scrollback contents
1740 *** New buffer syntax '#<buffer-name>', which is equivalent to
1741 '#<buffer buffer-name>'. This shorthand makes interacting with
1742 buffers from eshell more convenient. Custom variable
1743 'eshell-buffer-shorthand', which has been broken for a while, has been
1747 *** By default, eshell "visual" program buffers (created by
1748 'eshell-visual-commands' and similar custom vars) are no longer killed
1749 when their processes die. This fixes issues with short-lived commands
1750 and makes visual programs more useful in general. For example, if
1751 "git log" is a visual command, it will always show the visual command
1752 buffer, even if the "git log" process dies. For the old behavior,
1753 make the new option 'eshell-destroy-buffer-when-process-dies' non-nil.
1758 *** Support for the Google Chrome web browser.
1761 *** Support for the Conkeror web browser.
1764 *** Support for several ancient browsers is now officially obsolete.
1767 ** 'tar-mode': new 'tar-new-entry' command, allowing for new members to
1768 be added to the archive.
1773 *** Dired buffers are also auto-reverted via file notifications, if
1774 Emacs is compiled with file notification support.
1777 *** 'auto-revert-use-notify' is set to nil in 'global-auto-revert-mode'.
1778 See <http://debbugs.gnu.org/22814>.
1780 ** File Notifications
1783 *** The kqueue library is integrated for *BSD and Mac OS X machines.
1786 *** The new event 'stopped' signals, that a file notification watch is
1787 not active any longer.
1790 *** The new function 'file-notify-valid-p' checks, whether a file
1791 notification descriptor still corresponds to an activate watch.
1796 *** The command 'dired-do-compress', bound to 'Z', now can compress
1797 directories and decompress zip files.
1800 *** New command 'dired-do-compress-to', bound to 'c', can be used to
1801 compress many marked files into a single named archive. The
1802 compression command is determined from the new
1803 'dired-compress-files-alist' variable.
1806 *** New user interface for the 'A' and 'Q' commands.
1807 These keys, now bound to 'dired-do-find-regexp' and
1808 'dired-do-find-regexp-and-replace', work similarly to 'xref-find-apropos'
1809 and 'xref-query-replace-in-results': they present the matches
1810 in the '*xref*' buffer and let you move through the matches. No need
1811 to use 'tags-loop-continue' to resume the search or replace loop. The
1812 previous commands, 'dired-do-search' and
1813 'dired-do-query-replace-regexp', are still available, but not bound to
1814 keys; rebind 'A' and 'Q' to invoke them if you want the old behavior
1815 back. We intend to obsolete the old commands in a future release.
1817 ** Tabulated List Mode
1820 *** It is now safe for a mode that derives 'tabulated-list-mode' to not
1821 call 'tabulated-list-init-header', in which case it will have no
1825 *** 'tabulated-list-print' takes a second optional argument, UPDATE,
1826 which specifies an alternative printing method which is faster when
1827 few or no entries have changed.
1829 ** Obsolete packages
1835 *** landmark.el (moved to elpa.gnu.org)
1838 * New Modes and Packages in Emacs 25.1
1841 ** pinentry.el allows GnuPG passphrase to be prompted through the
1842 minibuffer instead of a graphical dialog, depending on whether the gpg
1843 command is called from Emacs (i.e., INSIDE_EMACS environment variable
1844 is set). This feature requires newer versions of GnuPG (2.1.5 or
1845 later) and Pinentry (0.9.5 or later). To use this feature, add
1846 "allow-emacs-pinentry" to "~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf" and reload the
1847 configuration with "gpgconf --reload gpg-agent".
1850 ** cl-generic.el provides CLOS-style multiple-dispatch generic functions.
1851 The main entry points are 'cl-defgeneric' and 'cl-defmethod'. See the
1852 node "Generic Functions" in the Emacs Lisp manual for more details.
1855 ** 'scss-mode' (a minor variant of 'css-mode') is a major mode for editing
1856 SCSS (Sassy CSS) files.
1859 ** 'let-alist' is a new macro (and a package) that allows one to easily
1860 let-bind the values stored in an alist.
1863 ** 'tildify-mode' allows automatic insertion of hard spaces as one
1864 types the text. Breaking line after a single-character words is
1865 forbidden by Czech and Polish typography (and may be discouraged in
1866 other languages), so 'auto-tildify-mode' makes it easier to create
1867 a typographically-correct documents.
1870 ** The 'seq' library adds sequence manipulation functions and macros
1871 that complement basic functions provided by subr.el. All functions
1872 are prefixed with 'seq-' and work on lists, strings and vectors.
1873 'pcase' accepts a new Upattern 'seq'.
1876 ** The 'map' library provides map-manipulation functions that work on
1877 alists, hash-table and arrays. All functions are prefixed with
1878 'map-'. 'pcase' accepts a new UPattern 'map'.
1881 ** The 'thunk' library provides functions and macros to control the
1882 evaluation of forms.
1885 ** 'js-jsx-mode' (a minor variant of 'js-mode') provides indentation
1886 support for JSX, an XML-like syntax extension to ECMAScript.
1889 * Incompatible Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
1892 ** 'setq' and 'setf' must now be called with an even number of
1893 arguments. The earlier behavior of silently supplying a nil to the
1894 last variable when there was an odd number of arguments has been
1898 ** 'syntax-begin-function' is declared obsolete.
1899 Removed 'font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function' and the SYNTAX-BEGIN
1900 slot in 'font-lock-defaults'.
1903 ** The new implementation of Subword mode affects word movement everywhere.
1904 When Subword mode is turned on, 'forward-word', 'backward-word', and
1905 everything that uses them will move by sub-words, effectively
1906 overriding the buffer's syntax table. Lisp programs that shouldn't be
1907 affected by Subword mode should call the new functions
1908 'forward-word-strictly' and 'backward-word-strictly' instead.
1911 ** 'package-initialize' now sets 'package-enable-at-startup' to nil if
1912 called during startup. Users who call this function in their init
1913 file and still expect it to be run after startup should set
1914 'package-enable-at-startup' to t after the call to
1915 'package-initialize'.
1918 ** ':global' minor mode use 'setq-default' rather than 'setq'.
1919 This means that you can't use 'make-local-variable' and expect them to
1920 "magically" become buffer-local.
1923 ** 'track-mouse' no longer freezes the shape of the mouse pointer.
1924 The 'track-mouse' form no longer refrains from changing the shape of
1925 the mouse pointer for the entire time the body of that form is
1926 executed. Lisp programs that use 'track-mouse' for dragging across
1927 large portions of the Emacs display, and want to avoid changes in the
1928 pointer shape during dragging, should bind the variable 'track-mouse'
1929 to the special value 'dragging' in the body of the form.
1932 ** The optional PREDICATE argument of 'lisp-complete-symbol' no longer
1933 has any effect. (This change was made in Emacs 24.4 but was not
1934 advertised at the time.)
1937 ** 'indirect-function' does not signal 'void-function' any more.
1938 This is mostly a bug-fix, since this change was missed back in 24.4 when
1939 'symbol-function' was changed not to signal 'void-function' any more.
1942 *** As a consequence, the second arg of 'indirect-function' is now obsolete.
1945 ** 'M-x shell' and 'M-x compile' no longer set the EMACS environment variable.
1946 This avoids clashing when other programs use the variable for other purposes.
1947 Although 'M-x term' still sets EMACS for compatibility with Bash 4.3
1948 and earlier, this is deprecated and will be phased out when Bash 4.4
1949 or later takes over. Use the INSIDE_EMACS environment variable instead.
1952 ** 'save-excursion' does not save&restore the mark any more.
1953 Use 'save-mark-and-excursion' if you want the old behavior.
1956 ** 'read-buffer' and 'read-buffer-function' can now be called with a 4th
1957 argument (PREDICATE).
1960 ** 'completion-table-dynamic' by default stays in the minibuffer.
1961 The minibuffer will be the current buffer when the function is called.
1962 If you want the old behavior of calling the function in the buffer
1963 from which the minibuffer was entered, use the new argument
1964 SWITCH-BUFFER to 'completion-table-dynamic'.
1967 ** window-configurations no longer record the buffers' marks.
1970 ** 'inhibit-modification-hooks' now also inhibits lock-file checks, as
1971 well as active region handling.
1974 ** 'deactivate-mark' is now buffer-local.
1977 ** 'cl-the' now asserts that its argument is of the given type.
1980 ** 'process-running-child-p' may now return a numeric process
1981 group ID instead of t.
1984 ** Mouse click events on mode line or header line no longer include
1985 any reference to a buffer position. The 6th member of the mouse
1986 position list returned for such events is now nil.
1989 ** Menu items in keymaps do not support the "key shortcut cache" any more.
1990 These slots used to hold key-shortcut data, but have been obsolete since
1994 ** Emacs no longer downcases the first letter of a system diagnostic
1995 when signaling a file error. For example, it now reports "Permission
1996 denied" instead of "permission denied". The old behavior was problematic
1997 in languages like German where downcasing rules depend on grammar.
2000 ** New variable 'text-quoting-style' to control how Emacs translates quotes.
2001 Set it to 'curve' for curved single quotes, to 'straight' for straight
2002 apostrophes, and to 'grave' for grave accent and apostrophe. The
2003 default value nil acts like 'curve' if curved single quotes are
2004 displayable, and like 'grave' otherwise. The new variable affects
2005 display of diagnostics and help, but not of info. As the variable is
2006 not intended for casual use, it is not a user option.
2009 ** Message-issuing functions like 'message' and 'error' now translate
2010 various sorts of single quotes in their format strings according to
2011 the value of 'text-quoting-style' (see above). This translation
2012 cannot be disabled. To get the old behavior, use 'format', which is
2013 not affected by 'text-quoting-style', e.g., (message "%s" (format
2017 ** 'substitute-command-keys' now replaces quotes.
2018 That is, it converts documentation strings' quoting style as per the
2019 value of 'text-quoting-style'. Doc strings in source code can use
2020 either curved single quotes or grave accents and apostrophes. As
2021 before, characters preceded by \= are output as-is.
2024 ** The character classes [:alpha:] and [:alnum:] in regular expressions
2025 now match multibyte characters using Unicode character properties.
2026 If you want the old behavior where they matched any character with
2027 word syntax, use '\sw' instead.
2030 ** The character classes [:graph:] and [:print:] in regular expressions
2031 no longer match every multibyte character. Instead, Emacs now
2032 consults the Unicode character properties to determine which
2033 characters are graphic or printable. In particular, surrogates and
2034 unassigned codepoints are now rejected. If you want the old behavior,
2035 use [:multibyte:] instead.
2038 ** The 'diff' command uses the unified format now. To restore the old
2039 behavior, set 'diff-switches' to '-c'.
2042 ** 'grep-template' and 'grep-find-template' values don't include the
2043 --color argument anymore. It's added at the <C> place holder position
2044 dynamically. Any third-party code that changes these templates should
2045 be updated accordingly.
2048 ** '(/ N)' is now equivalent to '(/ 1 N)' rather than to '(/ N 1)'.
2049 The new behavior is compatible with Common Lisp and with XEmacs.
2050 This change does not affect Lisp code intended to be portable to
2051 Emacs 24.2 and earlier, which did not support unary '/'.
2054 ** The 'default-directory' value doesn't have to end slash. To make
2055 that happen, 'unhandled-file-name-directory' now defaults to calling
2056 'file-name-as-directory'.
2059 * Lisp Changes in Emacs 25.1
2063 *** New UPatterns 'quote', 'app'.
2065 *** New UPatterns can be defined with 'pcase-defmacro'.
2067 *** New vector QPattern.
2070 ** 'syntax-propertize' is now automatically called on-demand during forward
2071 parsing functions like 'forward-sexp'.
2074 ** New hooks 'prefix-command-echo-keystrokes-functions' and
2075 'prefix-command-preserve-state-hook' allow the definition of prefix
2076 commands other than the predefined 'C-u'.
2079 ** New functions 'filepos-to-bufferpos' and 'bufferpos-to-filepos'.
2080 These allow conversion between buffer positions and the corresponding
2081 file byte offsets, given the file's encoding.
2084 ** The default value of 'load-read-function' is now 'read'.
2085 Previously, the default value of nil implied using 'read'.
2088 ** New hook 'pre-redisplay-functions'.
2089 It is a bit easier to use than 'pre-redisplay-function'.
2092 ** The second arg of 'looking-back' should always be provided explicitly.
2093 Previously, it was an optional argument, now it's mandatory.
2096 ** Text properties 'intangible', 'point-entered', and 'point-left' are obsolete.
2097 Replaced by properties 'cursor-intangible' and 'cursor-sensor-functions',
2098 implemented by the new 'cursor-intangible-mode' and
2099 'cursor-sensor-mode' minor modes.
2102 ** 'inhibit-point-motion-hooks' now defaults to t and is obsolete.
2103 Use the new minor modes 'cursor-intangible-mode' and
2104 'cursor-sensor-mode' instead.
2107 ** New process type 'pipe', which can be used in combination with the
2108 ':stderr' keyword of 'make-process' to handle standard error output
2112 ** New function 'make-process' provides an alternative interface to
2113 'start-process'. It allows programs to set process parameters such as
2114 process filter, sentinel, etc., through keyword arguments (similar to
2115 'make-network-process').
2118 ** Subprocesses are automatically told about changes in window dimensions.
2119 The new option 'window-adjust-process-window-size-function' controls
2120 how subprocesses are told to adapt their logical window sizes to
2121 changes in the Emacs window configuration. Its default value calls
2122 'set-process-window-size' with the smallest dimensions of all the
2123 windows that display the subprocess's buffer.
2126 ** A new function 'directory-files-recursively' returns all matching
2127 files (recursively) under a directory.
2130 ** New variable 'inhibit-message', when bound to non-nil, inhibits
2131 'message' and related functions from displaying messages in the echo
2132 area. The output is still logged to the '*Messages*' buffer.
2135 ** A new text property 'inhibit-read-only' can be used in read-only
2136 buffers to allow certain parts of the text to be writable.
2139 ** A new variable 'comment-end-can-be-escaped' is useful in languages
2140 such as C and C++ where line comments with escaped newlines are
2141 continued to the next line.
2144 ** New macro 'define-advice'.
2147 ** Emacs Lisp now supports generators.
2148 See the "Generators" section of the ELisp manual for the details.
2151 ** New finalizer facility for running code when objects become unreachable.
2152 See the "Finalizer Type" subsection in the ELisp manual for the
2156 ** Lexical closures can use '(:documentation FORM)' to build their docstring.
2157 It should be placed right where the docstring would be, and FORM is then
2158 evaluated (and should return a string) when the closure is built.
2161 ** 'define-inline' provides a new way to define inlinable functions.
2164 ** New function 'macroexpand-1' to perform a single step of macro expansion.
2167 ** Some "x-*" functions were obsoleted and/or renamed:
2168 *** 'x-select-text' is renamed 'gui-select-text'.
2169 *** 'x-selection-value' is renamed 'gui-selection-value'.
2170 *** 'x-get-selection' is renamed 'gui-get-selection'.
2171 *** 'x-get-clipboard' and 'x-clipboard-yank' are marked obsolete.
2172 *** 'x-get-selection-value' is renamed to 'gui-get-primary-selection'.
2173 *** 'x-set-selection' is renamed to 'gui-set-selection'.
2176 ** New function 'string-greaterp', which return the opposite result of
2180 ** The new functions 'string-collate-lessp' and 'string-collate-equalp'
2181 preserve the collation order as defined by the system's locale(1)
2182 environment. For the time being this is implemented for modern POSIX
2183 systems and for MS-Windows, for other systems they fall back to their
2184 counterparts 'string-lessp' and 'string-equal'.
2187 *** The ls-lisp package uses 'string-collate-lessp' to sort file names.
2188 The effect is that, on systems that use ls-lisp for Dired, the default
2189 sort order of the files in Dired is now different from what it was in
2190 previous versions of Emacs. In particular, the file names are sorted
2191 disregarding punctuation, accents, and diacritics, and letter case is
2192 ignored. For example, files whose name begin with a period will no
2193 longer appear near the beginning of the directory listing. If you
2194 want the old, locale-independent sorting, customize the new option
2195 'ls-lisp-use-string-collate' to the nil value.
2198 *** The MS-Windows specific variable 'w32-collate-ignore-punctuation',
2199 if set to a non-nil value, causes the above 2 functions to ignore
2200 symbol and punctuation characters when collating strings. This
2201 emulates the behavior of modern Posix platforms when the locale's
2202 codeset is "UTF-8" (as in "en_US.UTF-8"). This is needed because
2203 MS-Windows doesn't support UTF-8 as codeset in its locales.
2206 ** New function 'alist-get', which is a generalized variable
2207 suitable for use with 'setf'.
2210 ** New function 'funcall-interactively', which works like 'funcall'
2211 but makes 'called-interactively-p' treat the function as (you guessed it)
2212 called interactively.
2215 ** New function 'function-put' to use instead of 'put' for function properties.
2218 ** The new function 'bidi-find-overridden-directionality' allows you to
2219 find characters whose directionality was, perhaps maliciously,
2220 overridden by directional override control characters. Lisp programs
2221 can use this to detect potential phishing of URLs and other links that
2222 exploits bidirectional display reordering.
2225 ** The new function 'buffer-substring-with-bidi-context' allows you to
2226 copy a portion of a buffer into a different location while preserving
2227 the visual appearance both of the copied text and the text at
2228 destination, even when the copied text includes mixed bidirectional
2229 text and directional control characters.
2232 ** New properties that can be specified with 'declare':
2233 *** '(interactive-only INSTEAD)', says to use INSTEAD for non-interactive use.
2234 *** '(pure VAL)', if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function is pure.
2235 *** '(side-effect-free VAL)', if VAL is non-nil, indicates the function does not
2239 ** New macro 'with-file-modes', for evaluating expressions with default file
2240 permissions set to temporary values (e.g., for creating private files).
2243 ** You can access the slots of structures using 'cl-struct-slot-value'.
2246 ** Function 'sort' can deal with vectors.
2249 ** Function 'system-name' now returns an updated value if the current
2250 system's name has changed or if the Emacs process has changed systems.
2251 To avoid long waits it no longer consults DNS to canonicalize the name
2252 (in some cases this may affect generated message-id headers - customize
2253 'message-user-fqdn' if this bothers you). The variable 'system-name'
2257 ** Function 'write-region' no longer outputs "Wrote FILE" in batch mode.
2260 ** If 'pwd' is called with a prefix argument, insert the current default
2264 ** New functions return extended information about fonts and faces.
2267 *** The function 'font-info' now returns more details about a font.
2268 In particular, it now returns the average width of the font's
2269 characters, which can be used for geometry-related calculations.
2272 *** A new function 'default-font-width' returns the average width of a
2273 character in the current buffer's default font. If the default face
2274 is remapped (see 'face-remapping-alist'), the value for the remapped
2275 face is returned. This function complements the existing function
2276 'default-font-height'.
2279 *** New functions 'window-font-height' and 'window-font-width' return
2280 the height and average width of characters in a specified face and
2281 window. If FACE is remapped (see 'face-remapping-alist'), the
2282 function returns the information for the remapped face.
2285 *** A new function 'window-max-chars-per-line' returns the maximal
2286 number of characters that can be displayed on one line. If a face
2287 and/or window are provided, these values are used for the
2288 calculation. This function is different from 'window-body-width' in
2289 that it accounts for (i) continuation glyphs, (ii) the size of the
2290 font, and (iii) the specified window.
2293 ** New utilities in subr-x.el:
2295 *** New macros 'if-let' and 'when-let' allow defining bindings and to
2296 execute code depending whether all values are true.
2298 *** New macros 'thread-first' and 'thread-last' allow threading a form
2299 as the first or last argument of subsequent forms.
2302 ** Documentation strings now support quoting with curved single quotes
2303 in addition to the old style with grave accent and apostrophe. The
2304 new style looks better on today's displays. In the new Electric Quote
2305 mode, you can enter curved single quotes into documentation by typing
2306 grave accent and apostrophe. Outside Electric Quote mode, you can
2307 enter them by typing 'C-x 8 [' and 'C-x 8 ]', or (if your Alt key
2308 works) by typing 'A-[' and 'A-]'. As described above under
2309 'text-quoting-style', the user can specify how to display doc string
2313 ** New function 'format-message' is like 'format' and also converts
2314 curved single quotes, grave accents and apostrophes as per
2315 'text-quoting-style'.
2318 ** 'show-help-function's arg is converted via 'substitute-command-keys'
2319 before being passed to the function. Help strings, help-echo
2320 properties, etc. can therefore contain command key escapes and
2324 ** Time-related changes:
2326 *** Time conversion functions now accept an optional ZONE argument
2327 that specifies the time zone rules for conversion. ZONE is omitted or
2328 nil for Emacs local time, t for Universal Time, 'wall' for system wall
2329 clock time, or a string as in the TZ environment variable. The
2330 affected functions are 'current-time-string', 'current-time-zone',
2331 'decode-time', and 'format-time-string'. The function 'encode-time',
2332 which already accepted a simple time zone rule argument, has been
2333 extended to accept all the new forms.
2335 *** Incompatible change in the third argument of 'format-time-string'.
2336 Previously, any non-nil argument was interpreted as specifying Universal Time.
2337 This is no longer true; packages that want Universal Time should pass t
2338 as the third argument.
2340 *** Time-related functions now consistently accept numbers
2341 (representing seconds since the epoch) and nil (representing the
2342 current time) as well as the usual list-of-integer representation.
2343 Affected functions include 'current-time-string', 'current-time-zone',
2344 'decode-time', 'float-time', 'format-time-string', 'seconds-to-time',
2345 'time-add', 'time-less-p', 'time-subtract', 'time-to-day-in-year',
2346 'time-to-days', and 'time-to-seconds'.
2348 *** The 'encode-time-value' and 'with-decoded-time-value' macros have
2351 *** 'calendar-next-time-zone-transition', 'time-add', and
2352 'time-subtract' no longer return time values in the obsolete and
2353 undocumented integer-pair format. Instead, they return a list of two
2357 ** New function 'set-binary-mode' allows switching a standard stream
2358 of the Emacs process to binary I/O mode.
2361 ** The new function 'directory-name-p' can be used to check whether a file
2362 name (as returned from, for instance, 'file-name-all-completions') is
2363 a directory file name. It returns non-nil if the last character in
2364 the name is a directory separator character (forward slash on GNU and
2365 Unix systems, forward- or backslash on MS-Windows and MS-DOS).
2368 ** ASCII approximations to curved quotes are put in 'standard-display-table'
2369 if the terminal cannot display curved quotes.
2372 ** Standard output and error streams now transliterate characters via
2373 'standard-display-table', and encode output using 'locale-coding-system'.
2374 To force a specific encoding, bind 'coding-system-for-write' to the
2375 coding-system of your choice when invoking functions like 'prin1' and
2379 ** New var 'truncate-string-ellipsis' to choose how to indicate truncation.
2382 ** New possible value for 'system-type': 'nacl'.
2383 This is used by Google's Native Client (NaCl).
2385 ** Miscellaneous name change
2388 For consistency with the usual Emacs spelling, the Lisp variable
2389 'hfy-optimisations' has been renamed to 'hfy-optimizations'.
2390 The old name should still work, as an obsolescent alias.
2392 ** Changes in Frame- and Window- Handling
2395 *** Emacs can now draw horizontal scroll bars on some platforms that
2396 provide toolkit scroll bars, namely Gtk+, Lucid, Motif and Windows.
2397 Horizontal scroll bars are turned off by default.
2399 **** New function 'horizontal-scroll-bars-available-p' telling whether
2400 horizontal scroll bars are available on the underlying system.
2402 **** New mode 'horizontal-scroll-bar-mode' to toggle horizontal scroll
2403 bars on all existing and future frames.
2405 **** New function 'toggle-horizontal-scroll-bar' to toggle horizontal
2406 scroll bars on the selected frame.
2408 **** New frame parameters 'horizontal-scroll-bars' and
2409 'scroll-bar-height' to set horizontal scroll bars and their height
2410 for individual frames and in 'default-frame-alist'.
2412 **** New functions 'frame-scroll-bar-height' and
2413 'window-scroll-bar-height' return the height of horizontal scroll
2414 bars on a specific frame or window.
2416 **** 'set-window-scroll-bars' now accepts five parameters where the last
2417 two specify height and type of the window's horizontal scroll bar.
2419 **** 'window-scroll-bars' now returns type and sizes of horizontal scroll
2422 **** New buffer-local variables 'horizontal-scroll-bar' and
2423 'scroll-bar-height'.
2426 *** New functions 'frame-geometry' and 'frame-edges' give access to a
2430 *** New functions 'mouse-absolute-pixel-position' and
2431 'set-mouse-absolute-pixel-position' get/set screen coordinates of the
2435 *** The function 'window-edges' now accepts three additional arguments to
2436 retrieve body, absolute and pixel edges of the window.
2439 *** The functions 'window-inside-edges', 'window-inside-pixel-edges' and
2440 'window-inside-absolute-pixel-edges' have been renamed to respectively
2441 'window-body-edges', 'window-body-pixel-edges' and
2442 'window-absolute-body-pixel-edges'. The old names are kept as aliases.
2445 *** New function 'window-absolute-pixel-position' to get the screen
2446 coordinates of a visible buffer position.
2449 *** The height of a frame's menu and tool bar are no longer counted in the
2450 frame's text height. This means that the text height stands only for
2451 the height of the frame's root window plus that of the echo area (if
2452 present). This was already the behavior for frames with external tool
2453 and menu bars (like in the Gtk builds) but has now been extended to all
2457 *** Frames now do not necessarily preserve the number of columns or lines
2458 they display when setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or
2459 scroll bars. In particular, maximized and fullscreen frames are
2460 conceptually never resized if such settings change. For fullheight and
2461 fullwidth frames, the behavior may depend on the toolkit used.
2463 **** New option 'frame-inhibit-implied-resize' if non-nil, means that
2464 setting default font, menu bar, fringe width, or scroll bars of a
2465 specific frame does not resize that frame in order to preserve the
2466 number of columns or lines it displays.
2469 *** New function 'window-preserve-size' allows you to preserve the size of
2470 a window without "fixing" it. It's supported by 'fit-window-to-buffer',
2471 'temp-buffer-resize-mode' and 'display-buffer'.
2474 *** New 'display-buffer' action function 'display-buffer-use-some-frame'.
2475 This displays the buffer in an existing frame other than the current
2476 frame, and allows the caller to specify a frame predicate to exclude
2480 *** New minor mode 'window-divider-mode' and options
2481 'window-divider-default-places', 'window-divider-default-bottom-width'
2482 and 'window-divider-default-right-width'.
2485 *** The window displaying the '*Completions*' buffer with minibuffer
2486 completion candidates is now shown at the bottom of the selected
2487 frame. The size of that window is always as large as required to
2488 display all the candidates, except when limited by the minimum size
2489 of the other windows on that frame; those other windows are resized
2490 to provide space for the '*Completions*' display. The Emacs manual
2491 describes how to customize 'display-buffer-alist' to get back the old
2492 behavior, see the node "Temporary Displays" there.
2495 ** Tearoff menus and detachable toolbars for Gtk+ have been removed.
2496 Those features have been deprecated in Gtk+ for a long time.
2501 *** etags no longer qualifies class members by default.
2503 By default, 'etags' will not qualify class members for Perl and C-like
2504 object-oriented languages with their class names and namespaces, and
2505 will remove qualifications used explicitly in the code from the tag
2506 names it puts in TAGS files. This is so the etags.el back-end for
2507 'xref-find-definitions' is more accurate and produces less false
2510 Use --class-qualify (-Q) if you want the old default behavior of
2511 qualifying class members in C++, Java, Objective C, and Perl. Note
2512 that using -Q might make some class members become "unknown" to 'M-.'
2513 ('xref-find-definitions'); if so, you can use 'C-u M-.' to specify the
2514 qualified names by hand.
2517 *** New language Ruby
2519 Names of modules, classes, methods, functions, and constants are
2520 tagged. Overloaded operators are also tagged.
2524 Names of packages, functions, and types are tagged.
2527 *** Improved support for Lua
2529 Etags now tags functions even if the "function" keyword follows some
2530 whitespace at line beginning.
2533 * Changes in Emacs 25.1 on Non-Free Operating Systems
2536 ** MS-Windows specific Emacs build scripts are no longer in the distribution.
2537 This includes the makefile.w32-in files in various subdirectories, and
2538 the support files. The file nt/configure.bat now just tells the user
2539 to use the procedure described in nt/INSTALL, by running the Posix
2540 'configure' script in the top-level directory.
2543 ** Building Emacs for MS-Windows requires at least Windows XP
2544 or Windows Server 2003. The built binaries still run on all versions
2545 of Windows starting with Windows 9X.
2548 ** Emacs running on MS-Windows now supports the daemon mode.
2551 ** The byte counts in etags-generated TAGS files are now the same on
2552 MS-Windows as they are on other platforms.
2555 ** On OS X, configure creates a Cocoa ("Nextstep") build by default.
2556 Pass '--without-ns' to configure to create an X11 build, the old default.
2559 ** OS X 10.5 or older is no longer supported.
2562 ** OS X on PowerPC is no longer supported.
2565 ** New variable 'ns-use-fullscreen-animation' controls animation for
2566 non-native NS fullscreen. The default is nil. Set to t to enable
2567 animation when entering and leaving fullscreen. For native OSX fullscreen
2570 ** On the OS X Cocoa ("Nextstep") port, multicolor font (such as color
2571 emoji) display is disabled. This feature was accidentally added when
2572 Emacs 24.4 included the new Core Text based font backend code that was
2573 originally implemented for a non-mainline port. This will be enabled
2574 again once it is also implemented in Emacs on free operating systems.
2575 If some symbols, such as emoji, do not display, we suggest to install
2576 an appropriate font, such as Symbola; then they will be displayed,
2577 albeit without the color effects.
2580 ** The new function 'w32-application-type' returns the type of an
2581 MS-Windows application given the name of its executable program file.
2583 ** New variable 'w32-pipe-buffer-size'.
2584 It can be used to tune the size of the buffer of pipes created for
2585 communicating with subprocesses, when the program run by a subprocess
2586 exhibits unusual buffering behavior. Default is zero, which lets the
2587 OS use its default size.
2590 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
2591 This file is part of GNU Emacs.
2593 GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
2594 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
2595 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
2596 (at your option) any later version.
2598 GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
2599 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
2600 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
2601 GNU General Public License for more details.
2603 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
2604 along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
2610 paragraph-separate: "[
\f]*$"