1 ;;; startup.el --- process Emacs shell arguments
3 ;; Copyright (C) 1985, 86, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000, 2001
4 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc.
9 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
11 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
12 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
13 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
16 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
17 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
18 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
19 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
21 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
22 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the
23 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
24 ;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
28 ;; This file parses the command line and gets Emacs running. Options on
29 ;; the command line are handled in precedence order. The order is the
30 ;; one in the list below; first described means first handled. Options
31 ;; within each category (delimited by a bar) are handled in the order
32 ;; encountered on the command line.
34 ;; -------------------------
35 ;; -version Print Emacs version to stderr, then exit
36 ;; --version successfully right away.
37 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
38 ;; -------------------------
39 ;; -help Print a short usage description and exit
40 ;; --help successfully right away.
41 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
42 ;; -------------------------
43 ;; -nl Do not use shared memory (for systems that
44 ;; -no-shared-memory support this) for the dumped Emacs data.
45 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
48 ;; --map-data This option is handled by emacs.c
49 ;; -------------------------
50 ;; -t FILE Use FILE as the name of the terminal.
51 ;; --terminal FILE Using this implies "-nw" also.
52 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
53 ;; -------------------------
54 ;; -d DISPNAME Use DISPNAME as the name of the X
55 ;; -display DISPNAME display for the initial frame.
56 ;; --display DISPNAME This option is handled by emacs.c
57 ;; -------------------------
58 ;; -nw Do not use a windows system (but use the
59 ;; --no-window-system terminal instead.)
60 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
61 ;; -------------------------
62 ;; -batch Execute noninteractively (messages go to stdout,
63 ;; --batch variable noninteractive set to t)
64 ;; This option is handled by emacs.c
65 ;; -------------------------
66 ;; -q Do not load user's init file and do not load
67 ;; -no-init-file "default.el". Regardless of this switch,
68 ;; --no-init-file "site-start" is still loaded.
69 ;; -------------------------
70 ;; -no-site-file Do not load "site-start.el". (This is the ONLY
71 ;; --no-site-file way to prevent loading that file.)
72 ;; -------------------------
73 ;; -u USER Load USER's init file instead of the init
74 ;; -user USER file belonging to the user starting Emacs.
76 ;; -------------------------
77 ;; -debug-init Don't catch errors in init files; let the
78 ;; --debug-init debugger run.
79 ;; -------------------------
80 ;; -i ICONTYPE Set type of icon using when Emacs is
81 ;; -itype ICONTYPE iconified under X.
82 ;; --icon-type ICONTYPE This option is passed on to term/x-win.el
84 ;; -iconic Start Emacs iconified.
85 ;; --iconic This option is passed on to term/x-win.el
86 ;; -------------------------
87 ;; Various X options for colors/fonts/geometry/title etc.
88 ;; These options are passed on to term/x-win.el which see.
89 ;; -------------------------
96 ;; -L DIRNAME Add DIRNAME to load-path
98 ;; --directory DIRNAME
100 ;; -l FILE Load and execute the Emacs lisp code
101 ;; -load FILE in FILE.
104 ;; -f FUNC Execute Emacs lisp function FUNC with
105 ;; -funcall FUNC no arguments. The "-e" form is outdated
106 ;; --funcall FUNC and should not be used. (It's a typo
107 ;; -e FUNC promoted to a feature.)
109 ;; -eval FORM Execute Emacs lisp form FORM.
114 ;; -insert FILE Insert the contents of FILE into buffer.
116 ;; -------------------------
117 ;; -kill Kill (exit) Emacs right away.
119 ;; -------------------------
123 (setq top-level '(normal-top-level))
125 (defvar command-line-processed nil
126 "Non-nil once command line has been processed.")
128 (defgroup initialization nil
129 "Emacs start-up procedure"
132 (defcustom inhibit-startup-message nil
133 "*Non-nil inhibits the initial startup message.
134 This is for use in your personal init file, once you are familiar
135 with the contents of the startup message."
137 :group 'initialization)
139 (defcustom inhibit-startup-echo-area-message nil
140 "*Non-nil inhibits the initial startup echo area message.
141 Setting this variable takes effect
142 only if you do it with the customization buffer
143 or if your `.emacs' file contains a line of this form:
144 (setq inhibit-startup-echo-area-message \"YOUR-USER-NAME\")
145 If your `.emacs' file is byte-compiled, use the following form instead:
146 (eval '(setq inhibit-startup-echo-area-message \"YOUR-USER-NAME\"))
147 Thus, someone else using a copy of your `.emacs' file will see
148 the startup message unless he personally acts to inhibit it."
149 :type '(choice (const :tag "Don't inhibit")
150 (string :tag "Enter your user name, to inhibit"))
151 :group 'initialization)
153 (defcustom inhibit-default-init nil
154 "*Non-nil inhibits loading the `default' library."
156 :group 'initialization)
158 (defcustom inhibit-startup-buffer-menu nil
159 "*Non-nil inhibits display of buffer list when more than 2 files are loaded."
161 :group 'initialization)
163 (defvar command-switch-alist nil
164 "Alist of command-line switches.
165 Elements look like (SWITCH-STRING . HANDLER-FUNCTION).
166 HANDLER-FUNCTION receives switch name as sole arg;
167 remaining command-line args are in the variable `command-line-args-left'.")
169 (defvar command-line-args-left nil
170 "List of command-line args not yet processed.")
172 (defvar command-line-functions nil ;; lrs 7/31/89
173 "List of functions to process unrecognized command-line arguments.
174 Each function should access the dynamically bound variables
175 `argi' (the current argument) and `command-line-args-left' (the remaining
176 arguments). The function should return non-nil only if it recognizes and
177 processes `argi'. If it does so, it may consume successive arguments by
178 altering `command-line-args-left' to remove them.")
180 (defvar command-line-default-directory nil
181 "Default directory to use for command line arguments.
182 This is normally copied from `default-directory' when Emacs starts.")
184 ;;; This is here, rather than in x-win.el, so that we can ignore these
185 ;;; options when we are not using X.
186 (defconst command-line-x-option-alist
187 '(("-bw" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch border-width)
188 ("-d" 1 x-handle-display)
189 ("-display" 1 x-handle-display)
190 ("-name" 1 x-handle-name-switch)
191 ("-title" 1 x-handle-switch title)
192 ("-T" 1 x-handle-switch title)
193 ("-r" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
194 ("-rv" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
195 ("-reverse" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
196 ("-reverse-video" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
197 ("-fn" 1 x-handle-switch font)
198 ("-font" 1 x-handle-switch font)
199 ("-ib" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch internal-border-width)
200 ("-g" 1 x-handle-geometry)
201 ("-lsp" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch line-spacing)
202 ("-geometry" 1 x-handle-geometry)
203 ("-fg" 1 x-handle-switch foreground-color)
204 ("-foreground" 1 x-handle-switch foreground-color)
205 ("-bg" 1 x-handle-switch background-color)
206 ("-background" 1 x-handle-switch background-color)
207 ("-ms" 1 x-handle-switch mouse-color)
208 ("-itype" 0 x-handle-switch icon-type t)
209 ("-i" 0 x-handle-switch icon-type t)
210 ("-iconic" 0 x-handle-iconic)
211 ("-xrm" 1 x-handle-xrm-switch)
212 ("-cr" 1 x-handle-switch cursor-color)
213 ("-vb" 0 x-handle-switch vertical-scroll-bars t)
214 ("-hb" 0 x-handle-switch horizontal-scroll-bars t)
215 ("-bd" 1 x-handle-switch)
216 ("--border-width" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch border-width)
217 ("--display" 1 x-handle-display)
218 ("--name" 1 x-handle-name-switch)
219 ("--title" 1 x-handle-switch title)
220 ("--reverse-video" 0 x-handle-switch reverse t)
221 ("--font" 1 x-handle-switch font)
222 ("--internal-border" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch internal-border-width)
223 ("--geometry" 1 x-handle-geometry)
224 ("--foreground-color" 1 x-handle-switch foreground-color)
225 ("--background-color" 1 x-handle-switch background-color)
226 ("--mouse-color" 1 x-handle-switch mouse-color)
227 ("--icon-type" 0 x-handle-switch icon-type t)
228 ("--iconic" 0 x-handle-iconic)
229 ("--xrm" 1 x-handle-xrm-switch)
230 ("--cursor-color" 1 x-handle-switch cursor-color)
231 ("--vertical-scroll-bars" 0 x-handle-switch vertical-scroll-bars t)
232 ("--line-spacing" 1 x-handle-numeric-switch line-spacing)
233 ("--border-color" 1 x-handle-switch border-width))
234 "Alist of X Windows options.
235 Each element has the form
236 (NAME NUMARGS HANDLER FRAME-PARAM VALUE)
237 where NAME is the option name string, NUMARGS is the number of arguments
238 that the option accepts, HANDLER is a function to call to handle the option.
239 FRAME-PARAM (optional) is the frame parameter this option specifies,
240 and VALUE is the value which is given to that frame parameter
241 \(most options use the argument for this, so VALUE is not present).")
243 (defvar before-init-hook nil
244 "Normal hook run after handling urgent options but before loading init files.")
246 (defvar after-init-hook nil
247 "Normal hook run after loading the init files, `~/.emacs' and `default.el'.
248 There is no `condition-case' around the running of these functions;
249 therefore, if you set `debug-on-error' non-nil in `.emacs',
250 an error in one of these functions will invoke the debugger.")
252 (defvar emacs-startup-hook nil
253 "Normal hook run after loading init files and handling the command line.")
255 (defvar term-setup-hook nil
256 "Normal hook run after loading terminal-specific Lisp code.
257 It also follows `emacs-startup-hook'. This hook exists for users to set,
258 so as to override the definitions made by the terminal-specific file.
259 Emacs never sets this variable itself.")
261 (defvar keyboard-type nil
262 "The brand of keyboard you are using.
263 This variable is used to define
264 the proper function and keypad keys for use under X. It is used in a
265 fashion analogous to the environment variable TERM.")
267 (defvar window-setup-hook nil
268 "Normal hook run to initialize window system display.
269 Emacs runs this hook after processing the command line arguments and loading
270 the user's init file.")
272 (defcustom initial-major-mode 'lisp-interaction-mode
273 "Major mode command symbol to use for the initial *scratch* buffer."
275 :group 'initialization)
277 (defcustom init-file-user nil
278 "Identity of user whose `.emacs' file is or was read.
279 The value is nil if `-q' or `--no-init-file' was specified,
280 meaning do not load any init file.
282 Otherwise, the value may be the null string, meaning use the init file
283 for the user that originally logged in, or it may be a
284 string containing a user's name meaning use that person's init file.
286 In either of the latter cases, `(concat \"~\" init-file-user \"/\")'
287 evaluates to the name of the directory where the `.emacs' file was
290 Setting `init-file-user' does not prevent Emacs from loading
291 `site-start.el'. The only way to do that is to use `--no-site-file'."
292 :type '(choice (const :tag "none" nil) string)
293 :group 'initialization)
295 (defcustom site-run-file "site-start"
296 "File containing site-wide run-time initializations.
297 This file is loaded at run-time before `~/.emacs'. It contains inits
298 that need to be in place for the entire site, but which, due to their
299 higher incidence of change, don't make sense to load into emacs'
300 dumped image. Thus, the run-time load order is: 1. file described in
301 this variable, if non-nil; 2. `~/.emacs'; 3. `default.el'.
303 Don't use the `site-start.el' file for things some users may not like.
304 Put them in `default.el' instead, so that users can more easily
305 override them. Users can prevent loading `default.el' with the `-q'
306 option or by setting `inhibit-default-init' in their own init files,
307 but inhibiting `site-start.el' requires `--no-site-file', which
309 :type '(choice (const :tag "none" nil) string)
310 :group 'initialization)
312 (defcustom mail-host-address nil
313 "*Name of this machine, for purposes of naming users."
314 :type '(choice (const nil) string)
317 (defcustom user-mail-address nil
318 "*Full mailing address of this user.
319 This is initialized based on `mail-host-address',
320 after your init file is read, in case it sets `mail-host-address'."
324 (defcustom auto-save-list-file-prefix
325 (cond ((eq system-type 'ms-dos)
326 ;; MS-DOS cannot have initial dot, and allows only 8.3 names
327 "~/_emacs.d/auto-save.list/_s")
329 "~/.emacs.d/auto-save-list/.saves-"))
330 "Prefix for generating `auto-save-list-file-name'.
331 This is used after reading your `.emacs' file to initialize
332 `auto-save-list-file-name', by appending Emacs's pid and the system name,
333 if you have not already set `auto-save-list-file-name' yourself.
334 Directories in the prefix will be created if necessary.
335 Set this to nil if you want to prevent `auto-save-list-file-name'
336 from being initialized."
337 :type '(choice (const :tag "Don't record a session's auto save list" nil)
341 (defvar init-file-debug nil)
343 (defvar init-file-had-error nil)
345 (defvar normal-top-level-add-subdirs-inode-list nil)
347 (defun normal-top-level-add-subdirs-to-load-path ()
348 "Add all subdirectories of current directory to `load-path'.
349 More precisely, this uses only the subdirectories whose names
350 start with letters or digits; it excludes any subdirectory named `RCS'
351 or `CVS', and any subdirectory that contains a file named `.nosearch'."
354 (pending (list default-directory)))
355 ;; This loop does a breadth-first tree walk on DIR's subtree,
356 ;; putting each subdir into DIRS as its contents are examined.
358 (push (pop pending) dirs)
359 (let* ((this-dir (car dirs))
360 (contents (directory-files this-dir))
361 (default-directory this-dir)
362 (canonicalized (and (eq system-type 'windows-nt)
363 (untranslated-canonical-name this-dir))))
364 ;; The Windows version doesn't report meaningful inode
365 ;; numbers, so use the canonicalized absolute file name of the
366 ;; directory instead.
367 (setq attrs (or canonicalized
368 (nthcdr 10 (file-attributes this-dir))))
369 (unless (member attrs normal-top-level-add-subdirs-inode-list)
370 (push attrs normal-top-level-add-subdirs-inode-list)
371 (dolist (file contents)
372 ;; The lower-case variants of RCS and CVS are for DOS/Windows.
373 (unless (member file '("." ".." "RCS" "CVS" "rcs" "cvs"))
374 (when (and (string-match "\\`[[:alnum:]]" file)
375 ;; Avoid doing a `stat' when it isn't necessary
376 ;; because that can cause trouble when an NFS server
378 (not (string-match "\\.elc?\\'" file))
379 (file-directory-p file))
380 (let ((expanded (expand-file-name file)))
381 (unless (file-exists-p (expand-file-name ".nosearch"
383 (setq pending (nconc pending (list expanded)))))))))))
384 (normal-top-level-add-to-load-path (cdr (nreverse dirs)))))
386 ;; This function is called from a subdirs.el file.
387 ;; It assumes that default-directory is the directory
388 ;; in which the subdirs.el file exists,
389 ;; and it adds to load-path the subdirs of that directory
390 ;; as specified in DIRS. Normally the elements of DIRS are relative.
391 (defun normal-top-level-add-to-load-path (dirs)
392 (let ((tail load-path)
393 (thisdir (directory-file-name default-directory)))
395 ;;Don't go all the way to the nil terminator.
397 (not (equal thisdir (car tail)))
398 (not (and (memq system-type '(ms-dos windows-nt))
399 (equal (downcase thisdir) (downcase (car tail))))))
400 (setq tail (cdr tail)))
401 ;;Splice the new section in.
403 (setcdr tail (append (mapcar 'expand-file-name dirs) (cdr tail))))))
405 (defun normal-top-level ()
406 (if command-line-processed
407 (message "Back to top level.")
408 (setq command-line-processed t)
409 ;; Give *Messages* the same default-directory as *scratch*,
410 ;; just to keep things predictable.
411 (let ((dir default-directory))
413 (set-buffer (get-buffer "*Messages*"))
414 (setq default-directory dir)))
415 ;; For root, preserve owner and group when editing files.
416 (if (equal (user-uid) 0)
417 (setq backup-by-copying-when-mismatch t))
418 ;; Look in each dir in load-path for a subdirs.el file.
419 ;; If we find one, load it, which will add the appropriate subdirs
420 ;; of that dir into load-path,
421 ;; Look for a leim-list.el file too. Loading it will register
422 ;; available input methods.
423 (let ((tail load-path)
426 (push (car tail) new)
428 (let ((default-directory (car tail)))
429 (load (expand-file-name "subdirs.el" (car tail)) t t t)))
431 (let ((default-directory (car tail)))
432 (load (expand-file-name "leim-list.el" (car tail)) t t t)))
433 (setq tail (cdr tail))))
434 (if (not (eq system-type 'vax-vms))
436 ;; If the PWD environment variable isn't accurate, delete it.
437 (let ((pwd (getenv "PWD")))
439 ;; Use FOO/., so that if FOO is a symlink, file-attributes
440 ;; describes the directory linked to, not FOO itself.
441 (or (equal (file-attributes
442 (concat (file-name-as-directory pwd) "."))
444 (concat (file-name-as-directory default-directory)
446 (setq process-environment
447 (delete (concat "PWD=" pwd)
448 process-environment)))))))
449 (setq default-directory (abbreviate-file-name default-directory))
450 (let ((menubar-bindings-done nil))
453 ;; Do this again, in case .emacs defined more abbreviations.
454 (setq default-directory (abbreviate-file-name default-directory))
455 ;; Specify the file for recording all the auto save files of this session.
456 ;; This is used by recover-session.
457 (or auto-save-list-file-name
458 (and auto-save-list-file-prefix
459 (setq auto-save-list-file-name
460 ;; Under MS-DOS our PID is almost always reused between
461 ;; Emacs invocations. We need something more unique.
462 (cond ((eq system-type 'ms-dos)
463 ;; We are going to access the auto-save
464 ;; directory, so make sure it exists.
466 (file-name-directory auto-save-list-file-prefix)
471 auto-save-list-file-prefix))
476 auto-save-list-file-prefix
479 (run-hooks 'emacs-startup-hook)
481 (run-hooks 'term-setup-hook))
483 ;; Don't do this if we failed to create the initial frame,
484 ;; for instance due to a dense colormap.
485 (when (or frame-initial-frame
486 ;; If frame-initial-frame has no meaning, do this anyway.
487 (not (and window-system
489 (not (eq window-system 'pc)))))
490 ;; Modify the initial frame based on what .emacs puts into
492 (if (fboundp 'frame-notice-user-settings)
493 (frame-notice-user-settings))
494 (if (fboundp 'frame-set-background-mode)
495 ;; Set the faces for the initial background mode even if
496 ;; frame-notice-user-settings didn't (such as on a tty).
497 ;; frame-set-background-mode is idempotent, so it won't
498 ;; cause any harm if it's already been done.
499 (let ((frame-background-mode frame-background-mode)
500 (frame (selected-frame))
502 (when (and (null window-system)
503 ;; Don't override a possibly customized value.
504 (null frame-background-mode)
505 ;; Don't override user specifications.
506 (null (frame-parameter frame 'reverse))
507 (let ((bg (frame-parameter frame 'background-color)))
509 (member bg '(unspecified "unspecified-bg")))))
510 (setq term (getenv "TERM"))
511 (if (string-match "^\\(xterm\\|rxvt\\|dtterm\\|eterm\\)"
513 (setq frame-background-mode 'light)))
514 (frame-set-background-mode (selected-frame)))))
516 ;; Now we know the user's default font, so add it to the menu.
517 (if (fboundp 'font-menu-add-default)
518 (font-menu-add-default))
519 (and window-setup-hook
520 (run-hooks 'window-setup-hook))
521 (or menubar-bindings-done
522 (if (display-popup-menus-p)
523 (precompute-menubar-bindings)))))))
525 ;; Precompute the keyboard equivalents in the menu bar items.
526 (defun precompute-menubar-bindings ()
527 (let ((submap (lookup-key global-map [menu-bar])))
529 (and (consp (car submap))
530 (symbolp (car (car submap)))
531 (stringp (car-safe (cdr (car submap))))
532 (keymapp (cdr (cdr (car submap))))
534 (x-popup-menu nil (cdr (cdr (car submap))))
537 (setq submap (cdr submap))))
538 (setq define-key-rebound-commands t))
540 ;; Command-line options supported by tty's:
541 (defconst tty-long-option-alist
542 '(("--name" . "-name")
544 ("--reverse-video" . "-reverse")
545 ("--foreground-color" . "-fg")
546 ("--background-color" . "-bg")))
548 (defconst tool-bar-images-pixel-height 24
549 "Height in pixels of images in the tool bar.")
551 (defvar tool-bar-originally-present nil
552 "Non-nil if tool-bars are present before user and site init files are read.")
554 ;; Handle the X-like command line parameters "-fg", "-bg", "-name", etc.
555 (defun tty-handle-args (args)
559 (not (equal (car args) "--")))
560 (let* ((this (car args))
563 (setq args (cdr args))
564 ;; Check for long options with attached arguments
565 ;; and separate out the attached option argument into argval.
566 (if (string-match "^--[^=]*=" this)
567 (setq argval (substring this (match-end 0))
568 this (substring this 0 (1- (match-end 0)))))
569 (when (string-match "^--" this)
570 (setq completion (try-completion this tty-long-option-alist))
571 (if (eq completion t)
572 ;; Exact match for long option.
573 (setq this (cdr (assoc this tty-long-option-alist)))
574 (if (stringp completion)
575 (let ((elt (assoc completion tty-long-option-alist)))
576 ;; Check for abbreviated long option.
578 (error "Option `%s' is ambiguous" this))
579 (setq this (cdr elt)))
580 ;; Check for a short option.
581 (setq argval nil this orig-this))))
582 (cond ((or (string= this "-fg") (string= this "-foreground"))
583 (or argval (setq argval (car args) args (cdr args)))
584 (setq default-frame-alist
585 (cons (cons 'foreground-color argval)
586 default-frame-alist)))
587 ((or (string= this "-bg") (string= this "-background"))
588 (or argval (setq argval (car args) args (cdr args)))
589 (setq default-frame-alist
590 (cons (cons 'background-color argval)
591 default-frame-alist)))
592 ((or (string= this "-T") (string= this "-name"))
593 (or argval (setq argval (car args) args (cdr args)))
594 (setq default-frame-alist
599 (let ((case-fold-search t)
601 (setq argval (invocation-name))
603 ;; Change any . or * characters in name to
604 ;; hyphens, so as to emulate behavior on X.
606 (setq i (string-match "[.*]" argval))
609 default-frame-alist)))
610 ((or (string= this "-r")
612 (string= this "-reverse"))
613 (setq default-frame-alist
615 default-frame-alist)))
616 (t (setq rest (cons this rest))))))
619 (defun command-line ()
620 (setq command-line-default-directory default-directory)
622 ;; Choose a reasonable location for temporary files.
623 (setq temporary-file-directory
624 (file-name-as-directory
625 (cond ((memq system-type '(ms-dos windows-nt))
626 (or (getenv "TEMP") (getenv "TMPDIR") (getenv "TMP") "c:/temp"))
627 ((memq system-type '(vax-vms axp-vms))
628 (or (getenv "TMPDIR") (getenv "TMP") (getenv "TEMP") "SYS$SCRATCH:"))
630 (or (getenv "TMPDIR") (getenv "TMP") (getenv "TEMP") "/tmp")))))
631 (setq small-temporary-file-directory
632 (if (eq system-type 'ms-dos)
635 ;; See if we should import version-control from the environment variable.
636 (let ((vc (getenv "VERSION_CONTROL")))
637 (cond ((eq vc nil)) ;don't do anything if not set
638 ((or (string= vc "t")
639 (string= vc "numbered"))
640 (setq version-control t))
641 ((or (string= vc "nil")
642 (string= vc "existing"))
643 (setq version-control nil))
644 ((or (string= vc "never")
645 (string= vc "simple"))
646 (setq version-control 'never))))
648 ;;! This has been commented out; I currently find the behavior when
649 ;;! split-window-keep-point is nil disturbing, but if I can get used
650 ;;! to it, then it would be better to eliminate the option.
651 ;;! ;; Choose a good default value for split-window-keep-point.
652 ;;! (setq split-window-keep-point (> baud-rate 2400))
654 ;; Set the default strings to display in mode line for
655 ;; end-of-line formats that aren't native to this platform.
657 ((memq system-type '(ms-dos windows-nt emx))
658 (setq eol-mnemonic-unix "(Unix)")
659 (setq eol-mnemonic-mac "(Mac)"))
660 ;; Mac-specific settings should come here, once there's a
661 ;; system-type symbol specific to MacOS.
662 (t ; this is for Unix/GNU/Linux systems
663 (setq eol-mnemonic-dos "(DOS)")
664 (setq eol-mnemonic-mac "(Mac)")))
666 ;; Read window system's init file if using a window system.
667 (condition-case error
668 (if (and window-system (not noninteractive))
669 (load (concat term-file-prefix
670 (symbol-name window-system)
672 ;; Every window system should have a startup file;
673 ;; barf if we can't find it.
675 ;; If we can't read it, print the error message and exit.
678 (if (eq (car error) 'error)
679 (apply 'concat (cdr error))
680 (if (memq 'file-error (get (car error) 'error-conditions))
683 (mapconcat (lambda (obj) (prin1-to-string obj t))
684 (cdr (cdr error)) ", "))
686 (get (car error) 'error-message)
687 (mapconcat (lambda (obj) (prin1-to-string obj t))
689 'external-debugging-output)
690 (terpri 'external-debugging-output)
691 (setq window-system nil)
694 ;; Windowed displays do this inside their *-win.el.
695 (when (and (not (display-graphic-p))
696 (not noninteractive))
697 (setq command-line-args (tty-handle-args command-line-args)))
699 (set-locale-environment nil)
702 (args (cdr command-line-args)))
704 ;; Figure out which user's init file to load,
705 ;; either from the environment or from the options.
706 (setq init-file-user (if noninteractive nil (user-login-name)))
707 ;; If user has not done su, use current $HOME to find .emacs.
708 (and init-file-user (string= init-file-user (user-real-login-name))
709 (setq init-file-user ""))
711 ;; Process the command-line args, and delete the arguments
712 ;; processed. This is consistent with the way main in emacs.c
714 (while (and (not done) args)
715 (let ((longopts '(("--no-init-file") ("--no-site-file") ("--user")
716 ("--debug-init") ("--iconic") ("--icon-type")))
719 ;; Handle --OPTION=VALUE format.
720 (if (and (string-match "\\`--" argi)
721 (string-match "=" argi))
722 (setq argval (substring argi (match-end 0))
723 argi (substring argi 0 (match-beginning 0))))
724 (or (equal argi "--")
725 (let ((completion (try-completion argi longopts)))
726 (if (eq completion t)
727 (setq argi (substring argi 1))
728 (if (stringp completion)
729 (let ((elt (assoc completion longopts)))
731 (error "Option `%s' is ambiguous" argi))
732 (setq argi (substring (car elt) 1)))
733 (setq argval nil)))))
735 ((member argi '("-q" "-no-init-file"))
736 (setq init-file-user nil))
737 ((member argi '("-u" "-user"))
739 (setq argval (pop args)))
740 (setq init-file-user argval
742 ((string-equal argi "-no-site-file")
743 (setq site-run-file nil))
744 ((string-equal argi "-debug-init")
745 (setq init-file-debug t))
746 ((string-equal argi "-iconic")
747 (push '(visibility . icon) initial-frame-alist))
748 ((or (string-equal argi "-icon-type")
749 (string-equal argi "-i")
750 (string-equal argi "-itype"))
751 (push '(icon-type . t) default-frame-alist))
752 ;; Push the popped arg back on the list of arguments.
753 (t (push argi args) (setq done t)))
754 ;; Was argval set but not used?
756 (error "Option `%s' doesn't allow an argument" argi))))
758 ;; Re-attach the program name to the front of the arg list.
759 (and command-line-args (setcdr command-line-args args)))
761 ;; Under X Windows, this creates the X frame and deletes the terminal frame.
762 (when (fboundp 'frame-initialize)
765 ;; If frame was created with a menu bar, set menu-bar-mode on.
766 (if (and (not noninteractive)
767 (or (not (memq window-system '(x w32)))
768 (> (frame-parameter nil 'menu-bar-lines) 0)))
771 ;; If frame was created with a tool bar, switch tool-bar-mode on.
772 (when (and (not noninteractive)
774 (> (frame-parameter nil 'tool-bar-lines) 0))
777 ;; Can't do this init in defcustom because window-system isn't set.
778 (when (and (not noninteractive)
779 (not (eq system-type 'ms-dos))
780 (memq window-system '(x w32)))
781 (setq-default blink-cursor t)
782 (blink-cursor-mode 1))
784 (unless noninteractive
785 ;; DOS/Windows systems have a PC-type keyboard which has both
786 ;; <delete> and <backspace> keys.
787 (when (or (memq system-type '(ms-dos windows-nt))
788 (and (memq window-system '(x))
789 (fboundp 'x-backspace-delete-keys-p)
790 (x-backspace-delete-keys-p))
791 ;; If the terminal Emacs is running on has erase char
792 ;; set to ^H, use the Backspace key for deleting
793 ;; backward and, and the Delete key for deleting forward.
794 (and (null window-system)
795 (eq tty-erase-char 8)))
796 (setq-default normal-erase-is-backspace t)
797 (normal-erase-is-backspace-mode 1)))
799 (when (and (not noninteractive)
801 (fboundp 'x-show-tip))
802 (setq-default tooltip-mode t)
805 ;; Register default TTY colors for the case the terminal hasn't a
806 ;; terminal init file.
807 (or (memq window-system '(x w32))
808 (not (tty-display-color-p))
809 (let* ((colors (cond ((eq window-system 'pc)
811 ((eq system-type 'windows-nt)
812 w32-tty-standard-colors)
813 (t tty-standard-colors)))
814 (color (car colors)))
816 (tty-color-define (car color) (cadr color) (cddr color))
817 (setq colors (cdr colors) color (car colors)))
818 ;; Modifying color mappings means realized faces don't
819 ;; use the right colors, so clear them.
822 ;; Record whether the tool-bar is present before the user and site
823 ;; init files are processed. frame-notice-user-settings uses this
824 ;; to determine if the tool-bar has been disabled by the init files,
825 ;; and the frame needs to be resized.
826 (when (fboundp 'frame-notice-user-settings)
827 (let ((tool-bar-lines (or (assq 'tool-bar-lines initial-frame-alist)
828 (assq 'tool-bar-lines default-frame-alist))))
829 (setq tool-bar-originally-present
830 (not (or (null tool-bar-lines)
831 (null (cdr tool-bar-lines))
832 (eq 0 (cdr tool-bar-lines)))))))
834 (let ((old-scalable-fonts-allowed scalable-fonts-allowed)
835 (old-font-list-limit font-list-limit)
836 (old-face-ignored-fonts face-ignored-fonts))
838 (run-hooks 'before-init-hook)
840 ;; Run the site-start library if it exists. The point of this file is
841 ;; that it is run before .emacs. There is no point in doing this after
842 ;; .emacs; that is useless.
844 (load site-run-file t t))
846 ;; Sites should not disable this. Only individuals should disable
847 ;; the startup message.
848 (setq inhibit-startup-message nil)
850 ;; Load that user's init file, or the default one, or none.
851 (let (debug-on-error-from-init-file
852 debug-on-error-should-be-set
853 (debug-on-error-initial
854 (if (eq init-file-debug t) 'startup init-file-debug))
855 (orig-enable-multibyte default-enable-multibyte-characters))
856 (let ((debug-on-error debug-on-error-initial)
857 ;; This function actually reads the init files.
862 (let ((user-init-file-1
864 ((eq system-type 'ms-dos)
865 (concat "~" init-file-user "/_emacs"))
866 ((eq system-type 'windows-nt)
867 (if (directory-files "~" nil "^\\.emacs\\(\\.elc?\\)?$")
870 ((eq system-type 'vax-vms)
873 (concat "~" init-file-user "/.emacs")))))
874 ;; This tells `load' to store the file name found
875 ;; into user-init-file.
876 (setq user-init-file t)
877 (load user-init-file-1 t t)
879 ;; If we did not find the user's init file,
880 ;; set user-init-file conclusively to nil;
881 ;; don't let it be set from default.el.
882 (if (eq user-init-file t)
883 (setq user-init-file user-init-file-1))
885 ;; If we loaded a compiled file, set
886 ;; `user-init-file' to the source version if that
888 (when (and user-init-file
889 (equal (file-name-extension user-init-file)
891 (let* ((source (file-name-sans-extension user-init-file))
892 (alt (concat source ".el")))
893 (setq source (cond ((file-exists-p alt) alt)
894 ((file-exists-p source) source)
897 (when (file-newer-than-file-p source user-init-file)
898 (message "Warning: %s is newer than %s"
899 source user-init-file)
901 (setq user-init-file source))))
903 (or inhibit-default-init
904 (let ((inhibit-startup-message nil))
905 ;; Users are supposed to be told their rights.
906 ;; (Plus how to get help and how to undo.)
907 ;; Don't you dare turn this off for anyone
909 (load "default" t t)))))))))
911 ;; Do this without a condition-case if the user wants to debug.
913 (condition-case error
916 (setq init-file-had-error nil))
918 (let ((message-log-max nil))
920 (set-buffer (get-buffer-create "*Messages*"))
922 (format "An error has occurred while loading `%s':\n\n"
925 (get (car error) 'error-message)
926 (if (cdr error) ": " "")
927 (mapconcat 'prin1-to-string (cdr error) ", "))
929 "To ensure normal operation, you should investigate the cause\n"
930 "of the error in your initialization file and remove it. Start\n"
931 "Emacs with the `--debug-init' option to view a complete error\n"
933 (message "Error in init file: %s%s%s"
934 (get (car error) 'error-message)
935 (if (cdr error) ": " "")
936 (mapconcat 'prin1-to-string (cdr error) ", "))
937 (pop-to-buffer "*Messages*")
938 (setq init-file-had-error t)))))
940 ;; If the user has a file of abbrevs, read it.
941 (if (file-exists-p abbrev-file-name)
942 (quietly-read-abbrev-file abbrev-file-name))
944 ;; If the abbrevs came entirely from the init file or the
945 ;; abbrevs file, they do not need saving.
946 (setq abbrevs-changed nil)
948 ;; If we can tell that the init file altered debug-on-error,
949 ;; arrange to preserve the value that it set up.
950 (or (eq debug-on-error debug-on-error-initial)
951 (setq debug-on-error-should-be-set t
952 debug-on-error-from-init-file debug-on-error)))
953 (if debug-on-error-should-be-set
954 (setq debug-on-error debug-on-error-from-init-file))
955 (unless (or default-enable-multibyte-characters
956 (eq orig-enable-multibyte default-enable-multibyte-characters))
957 ;; Init file changed to unibyte. Reset existing multibyte
958 ;; buffers (probably *scratch*, *Messages*, *Minibuff-0*).
959 ;; Arguably this should only be done if they're free of
960 ;; multibyte characters.
961 (mapcar (lambda (buffer)
962 (with-current-buffer buffer
963 (if enable-multibyte-characters
964 (set-buffer-multibyte nil))))
966 ;; Also re-set the language environment in case it was
967 ;; originally done before unibyte was set and is sensitive to
968 ;; unibyte (display table, terminal coding system &c).
969 (set-language-environment current-language-environment)))
971 ;; Do this here in case the init file sets mail-host-address.
972 (or user-mail-address
973 (setq user-mail-address (concat (user-login-name) "@"
974 (or mail-host-address
977 ;; If parameter have been changed in the init file which influence
978 ;; face realization, clear the face cache so that new faces will
980 (unless (and (eq scalable-fonts-allowed old-scalable-fonts-allowed)
981 (eq font-list-limit old-font-list-limit)
982 (eq face-ignored-fonts old-face-ignored-fonts))
985 (run-hooks 'after-init-hook)
987 ;; If *scratch* exists and init file didn't change its mode, initialize it.
988 (if (get-buffer "*scratch*")
990 (set-buffer "*scratch*")
991 (if (eq major-mode 'fundamental-mode)
992 (funcall initial-major-mode))))
994 ;; Load library for our terminal type.
995 ;; User init file can set term-file-prefix to nil to prevent this.
996 (and term-file-prefix (not noninteractive) (not window-system)
997 (let ((term (getenv "TERM"))
1000 (not (load (concat term-file-prefix term) t t)))
1001 ;; Strip off last hyphen and what follows, then try again
1002 (if (setq hyphend (string-match "[-_][^-_]+$" term))
1003 (setq term (substring term 0 hyphend))
1006 ;; Process the remaining args.
1007 (command-line-1 (cdr command-line-args))
1009 ;; If -batch, terminate after processing the command options.
1010 (if noninteractive (kill-emacs t)))
1012 (defcustom initial-scratch-message (purecopy "\
1013 ;; This buffer is for notes you don't want to save, and for Lisp evaluation.
1014 ;; If you want to create a file, visit that file with C-x C-f,
1015 ;; then enter the text in that file's own buffer.
1018 "Initial message displayed in *scratch* buffer at startup.
1019 If this is nil, no message will be displayed."
1023 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
1024 ;;; Fancy splash screen
1025 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
1027 (defvar fancy-splash-text
1028 '((:face variable-pitch
1029 "You can do basic editing with the menu bar and scroll bar \
1030 using the mouse.\n\n"
1031 :face (variable-pitch :weight bold)
1032 "Important Help menu items:\n"
1033 :face variable-pitch "\
1034 Emacs Tutorial\tLearn-by-doing tutorial for using Emacs efficiently
1035 Emacs FAQ\tFrequently asked questions and answers
1036 \(Non)Warranty\tGNU Emacs comes with "
1037 :face (variable-pitch :slant oblique)
1038 "ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY\n"
1039 :face variable-pitch
1041 Copying Conditions\tConditions for redistributing and changing Emacs
1042 Ordering Manuals\tHow to order Emacs manuals from the Free Software Foundation\n")
1043 (:face variable-pitch
1044 "You can do basic editing with the menu bar and scroll bar \
1045 using the mouse.\n\n"
1046 :face (variable-pitch :weight bold)
1047 "Useful File menu items:\n"
1048 :face variable-pitch "\
1049 Exit Emacs\t(Or type Control-x followed by Control-c)
1050 Recover Session\tRecover files you were editing before a crash
1056 "A list of texts to show in the middle part of splash screens.
1057 Each element in the list should be a list of strings or pairs
1058 `:face FACE', like `fancy-splash-insert' accepts them.")
1061 (defgroup fancy-splash-screen ()
1062 "Fancy splash screen when Emacs starts."
1064 :group 'initialization)
1067 (defcustom fancy-splash-delay 10
1068 "*Delay in seconds between splash screens."
1069 :group 'fancy-splash-screen
1073 (defcustom fancy-splash-max-time 60
1074 "*Show splash screens for at most this number of seconds.
1075 Values less than 60 seconds are ignored."
1076 :group 'fancy-splash-screen
1080 (defcustom fancy-splash-image nil
1081 "*The image to show in the splash screens, or nil for defaults."
1082 :group 'fancy-splash-screen
1083 :type '(choice (const :tag "Default" nil)
1084 (file :tag "File")))
1087 ;; These are temporary storage areas for the splash screen display.
1089 (defvar fancy-current-text nil)
1090 (defvar fancy-splash-help-echo nil)
1091 (defvar fancy-splash-stop-time nil)
1094 (defun fancy-splash-insert (&rest args)
1095 "Insert text into the current buffer, with faces.
1096 Arguments from ARGS should be either strings or pairs `:face FACE',
1097 where FACE is a valid face specification, as it can be used with
1098 `put-text-properties'."
1099 (let ((current-face nil))
1101 (if (eq (car args) :face)
1102 (setq args (cdr args) current-face (car args))
1103 (insert (propertize (car args)
1105 'help-echo fancy-splash-help-echo)))
1106 (setq args (cdr args)))))
1109 (defun fancy-splash-head ()
1110 "Insert the head part of the splash screen into the current buffer."
1111 (let* ((image-file (cond ((stringp fancy-splash-image)
1113 ((and (display-color-p)
1114 (image-type-available-p 'xpm))
1115 (if (and (fboundp 'x-display-planes)
1116 (= (funcall 'x-display-planes) 8))
1120 (img (create-image image-file))
1121 (image-width (and img (car (image-size img))))
1122 (window-width (window-width (selected-window))))
1124 (when (> window-width image-width)
1125 ;; Center the image in the window.
1126 (let ((pos (/ (- window-width image-width) 2)))
1127 (insert (propertize " " 'display `(space :align-to ,pos))))
1129 ;; Change the color of the XPM version of the splash image
1130 ;; so that it is visible with a dark frame background.
1131 (when (and (memq 'xpm img)
1132 (eq (frame-parameter nil 'background-mode) 'dark))
1133 (setq img (append img '(:color-symbols (("#000000" . "gray30"))))))
1135 ;; Insert the image with a help-echo and a keymap.
1136 (let ((map (make-sparse-keymap))
1137 (help-echo "mouse-2: browse http://www.gnu.org/"))
1138 (define-key map [mouse-2]
1141 (browse-url "http://www.gnu.org/")
1143 (define-key map [down-mouse-2] 'ignore)
1144 (define-key map [up-mouse-2] 'ignore)
1145 (insert-image img (propertize "xxx" 'help-echo help-echo
1148 (if (eq system-type 'gnu/linux)
1149 (fancy-splash-insert
1150 :face '(variable-pitch :foreground "red")
1151 "GNU Emacs is one component of a Linux-based GNU system.")
1152 (fancy-splash-insert
1153 :face '(variable-pitch :foreground "red")
1154 "GNU Emacs is one component of the GNU operating system."))
1158 (defun fancy-splash-tail ()
1159 "Insert the tail part of the splash screen into the current buffer."
1160 (let ((fg (if (eq (frame-parameter nil 'background-mode) 'dark)
1161 "cyan" "darkblue")))
1162 (fancy-splash-insert :face `(variable-pitch :foreground ,fg)
1166 :face '(variable-pitch :height 0.5)
1167 "Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.")
1168 (and auto-save-list-file-prefix
1169 ;; Don't signal an error if the
1170 ;; directory for auto-save-list files
1171 ;; does not yet exist.
1172 (file-directory-p (file-name-directory
1173 auto-save-list-file-prefix))
1175 (file-name-directory auto-save-list-file-prefix)
1178 (regexp-quote (file-name-nondirectory
1179 auto-save-list-file-prefix)))
1181 (fancy-splash-insert :face '(variable-pitch :foreground "red")
1182 "\n\nIf an Emacs session crashed recently, "
1183 "type M-x recover-session RET\nto recover"
1184 " the files you were editing."))))
1186 (defun fancy-splash-screens-1 (buffer)
1187 "Timer function displaying a splash screen."
1188 (when (> (float-time) fancy-splash-stop-time)
1189 (throw 'stop-splashing nil))
1190 (unless fancy-current-text
1191 (setq fancy-current-text fancy-splash-text))
1192 (let ((text (car fancy-current-text)))
1196 (apply #'fancy-splash-insert text)
1198 (unless (current-message)
1199 (message fancy-splash-help-echo))
1200 (set-buffer-modified-p nil)
1201 (goto-char (point-min))
1202 (force-mode-line-update)
1203 (setq fancy-current-text (cdr fancy-current-text))))
1206 (defun fancy-splash-default-action ()
1207 "Default action for events in the splash screen buffer."
1209 (push last-command-event unread-command-events)
1213 (defun fancy-splash-screens ()
1214 "Display fancy splash screens when Emacs starts."
1215 (setq fancy-splash-help-echo (startup-echo-area-message))
1216 (switch-to-buffer "GNU Emacs")
1218 (let ((old-hourglass display-hourglass)
1219 (splash-buffer (current-buffer))
1220 (old-minor-mode-map-alist minor-mode-map-alist)
1222 (catch 'stop-splashing
1224 (let ((map (make-sparse-keymap)))
1226 (define-key map [t] 'fancy-splash-default-action)
1227 (define-key map [mouse-movement] 'ignore)
1228 (define-key map [mode-line t] 'ignore)
1229 (setq cursor-type nil
1230 display-hourglass nil
1231 minor-mode-map-alist nil
1233 mode-line-format (propertize "---- %b %-"
1234 'face '(:weight bold))
1235 fancy-splash-stop-time (+ (float-time)
1236 (max 60 fancy-splash-max-time))
1237 timer (run-with-timer 0 fancy-splash-delay
1238 #'fancy-splash-screens-1
1241 (cancel-timer timer)
1242 (setq display-hourglass old-hourglass
1243 minor-mode-map-alist old-minor-mode-map-alist)
1244 (kill-buffer splash-buffer)))))
1247 (defun use-fancy-splash-screens-p ()
1248 "Return t if fancy splash screens should be used."
1249 (when (or (and (display-color-p)
1250 (image-type-available-p 'xpm))
1251 (image-type-available-p 'pbm))
1252 (let* ((img (create-image (or fancy-splash-image
1253 (if (and (display-color-p)
1254 (image-type-available-p 'xpm))
1255 "splash.xpm" "splash.pbm"))))
1256 (image-height (and img (cdr (image-size img))))
1257 (window-height (1- (window-height (selected-window)))))
1258 (> window-height (+ image-height 15)))))
1261 (defun startup-echo-area-message ()
1262 (if (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-p") 'describe-project)
1263 "For information about the GNU Project and its goals, type C-h C-p."
1264 (substitute-command-keys
1265 "For information about the GNU Project and its goals, type \
1266 \\[describe-project].")))
1269 (defun display-startup-echo-area-message ()
1270 (let ((resize-mini-windows t))
1271 (message (startup-echo-area-message))))
1274 (defun command-line-1 (command-line-args-left)
1275 (or noninteractive (input-pending-p) init-file-had-error
1276 ;; t if the init file says to inhibit the echo area startup message.
1277 (and inhibit-startup-echo-area-message
1279 (or (and (get 'inhibit-startup-echo-area-message 'saved-value)
1280 (equal inhibit-startup-echo-area-message
1281 (if (string= init-file-user "")
1284 ;; Wasn't set with custom; see if .emacs has a setq.
1285 (let ((buffer (get-buffer-create " *temp*")))
1290 (insert-file-contents user-init-file)
1293 "([ \t\n]*setq[ \t\n]+"
1294 "inhibit-startup-echo-area-message[ \t\n]+"
1297 (if (string= init-file-user "")
1303 (kill-buffer buffer)))))
1304 (display-startup-echo-area-message))
1306 ;; Delay 2 seconds after an init file error message
1307 ;; was displayed, so user can read it.
1308 (if init-file-had-error
1311 (if command-line-args-left
1312 ;; We have command args; process them.
1313 (let ((dir command-line-default-directory)
1317 just-files ;; t if this follows the magic -- option.
1318 ;; This includes our standard options' long versions
1319 ;; and long versions of what's on command-switch-alist.
1321 (append '(("--funcall") ("--load") ("--insert") ("--kill")
1322 ("--directory") ("--eval") ("--execute")
1323 ("--find-file") ("--visit") ("--file"))
1324 (mapcar (lambda (elt)
1325 (list (concat "-" (car elt))))
1326 command-switch-alist)))
1330 ;; Add the long X options to longopts.
1331 (dolist (tem command-line-x-option-alist)
1332 (if (string-match "^--" (car tem))
1333 (push (list (car tem)) longopts)))
1335 ;; Loop, processing options.
1336 (while (and command-line-args-left)
1337 (let* ((argi (car command-line-args-left))
1340 ;; List of directories specified in -L/--directory,
1341 ;; in reverse of the order specified.
1343 (initial-load-path load-path))
1344 (setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left))
1346 ;; Do preliminary decoding of the option.
1348 ;; After --, don't look for options; treat all args as files.
1350 ;; Convert long options to ordinary options
1351 ;; and separate out an attached option argument into argval.
1352 (if (string-match "^--[^=]*=" argi)
1353 (setq argval (substring argi (match-end 0))
1354 argi (substring argi 0 (1- (match-end 0)))))
1355 (if (equal argi "--")
1356 (setq completion nil)
1357 (setq completion (try-completion argi longopts)))
1358 (if (eq completion t)
1359 (setq argi (substring argi 1))
1360 (if (stringp completion)
1361 (let ((elt (assoc completion longopts)))
1363 (error "Option `%s' is ambiguous" argi))
1364 (setq argi (substring (car elt) 1)))
1365 (setq argval nil argi orig-argi))))
1367 ;; Execute the option.
1368 (cond ((setq tem (assoc argi command-switch-alist))
1370 (let ((command-line-args-left
1371 (cons argval command-line-args-left)))
1372 (funcall (cdr tem) argi))
1373 (funcall (cdr tem) argi)))
1375 ((member argi '("-f" ;what the manual claims
1377 "-e")) ; what the source used to say
1379 (setq tem (intern argval))
1380 (setq tem (intern (car command-line-args-left)))
1381 (setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
1382 (if (arrayp (symbol-function tem))
1383 (command-execute tem)
1386 ((member argi '("-eval" "-execute"))
1389 (setq tem (car command-line-args-left))
1390 (setq command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
1392 ;; Set the default directory as specified in -L.
1394 ((member argi '("-L" "-directory"))
1397 (setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
1398 command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
1399 (setq tem (command-line-normalize-file-name tem))
1400 (setq extra-load-path
1401 (cons (expand-file-name tem) extra-load-path))
1402 (setq load-path (append (nreverse extra-load-path)
1403 initial-load-path)))
1405 ((member argi '("-l" "-load"))
1408 (setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
1409 command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
1410 (let ((file (command-line-normalize-file-name tem)))
1411 ;; Take file from default dir if it exists there;
1412 ;; otherwise let `load' search for it.
1413 (if (file-exists-p (expand-file-name file))
1414 (setq file (expand-file-name file)))
1417 ((string-equal argi "-insert")
1420 (setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
1421 command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
1423 (error "File name omitted from `-insert' option"))
1424 (insert-file-contents (command-line-normalize-file-name tem)))
1426 ((string-equal argi "-kill")
1429 ((string-match "^\\+[0-9]+\\'" argi)
1430 (setq line (string-to-int argi)))
1432 ((string-match "^\\+\\([0-9]+\\):\\([0-9]+\\)\\'" argi)
1433 (setq line (string-to-int (match-string 1 argi))
1434 column (string-to-int (match-string 2 argi))))
1436 ((setq tem (assoc argi command-line-x-option-alist))
1437 ;; Ignore X-windows options and their args if not using X.
1438 (setq command-line-args-left
1439 (nthcdr (nth 1 tem) command-line-args-left)))
1441 ((member argi '("-find-file" "-file" "-visit"))
1442 ;; An explicit option to specify visiting a file.
1445 (setq tem (car command-line-args-left)
1446 command-line-args-left (cdr command-line-args-left)))
1447 (unless (stringp tem)
1448 (error "File name omitted from `%s' option" argi))
1449 (setq file-count (1+ file-count))
1450 (let ((file (expand-file-name
1451 (command-line-normalize-file-name tem) dir)))
1452 (if (= file-count 1)
1453 (setq first-file-buffer (find-file file))
1454 (find-file-other-window file)))
1458 (unless (< column 1)
1459 (move-to-column (1- column)))
1463 (setq just-files t))
1465 ;; We have almost exhausted our options. See if the
1466 ;; user has made any other command-line options available
1467 (let ((hooks command-line-functions) ;; lrs 7/31/89
1470 (not (setq did-hook (funcall (car hooks)))))
1471 (setq hooks (cdr hooks)))
1473 ;; Ok, presume that the argument is a file name
1475 (if (string-match "\\`-" argi)
1476 (error "Unknown option `%s'" argi))
1477 (setq file-count (1+ file-count))
1480 (command-line-normalize-file-name orig-argi)
1482 (if (= file-count 1)
1483 (setq first-file-buffer (find-file file))
1484 (find-file-other-window file)))
1488 (unless (< column 1)
1489 (move-to-column (1- column)))
1490 (setq column 0))))))))
1491 ;; If 3 or more files visited, and not all visible,
1492 ;; show user what they all are. But leave the last one current.
1493 (and (> file-count 2)
1494 (not noninteractive)
1495 (not inhibit-startup-buffer-menu)
1496 (or (get-buffer-window first-file-buffer)
1499 ;; No command args: maybe display a startup screen.
1500 (when (and (not inhibit-startup-message) (not noninteractive)
1501 ;; Don't display startup screen if init file
1502 ;; has selected another buffer.
1503 (string= (buffer-name) "*scratch*")
1504 ;; Don't display startup screen if init file
1505 ;; has started some sort of server.
1506 (not (and (fboundp 'process-list)
1508 ;; Don't display startup screen if init file
1509 ;; has inserted some text in *scratch*.
1510 (= 0 (buffer-size)))
1511 ;; Display a startup screen, after some preparations.
1513 ;; If there are no switches to process, we might as well
1514 ;; run this hook now, and there may be some need to do it
1515 ;; before doing any output.
1516 (and term-setup-hook
1517 (run-hooks 'term-setup-hook))
1518 ;; Don't let the hook be run twice.
1519 (setq term-setup-hook nil)
1521 ;; It's important to notice the user settings before we
1522 ;; display the startup message; otherwise, the settings
1523 ;; won't take effect until the user gives the first
1524 ;; keystroke, and that's distracting.
1525 (when (fboundp 'frame-notice-user-settings)
1526 (frame-notice-user-settings))
1528 ;; If there are no switches to process, we might as well
1529 ;; run this hook now, and there may be some need to do it
1530 ;; before doing any output.
1531 (when window-setup-hook
1532 (run-hooks 'window-setup-hook)
1533 ;; Don't let the hook be run twice.
1534 (setq window-setup-hook nil))
1536 ;; Do this now to avoid an annoying delay if the user
1537 ;; clicks the menu bar during the sit-for.
1538 (when (display-popup-menus-p)
1539 (precompute-menubar-bindings))
1540 (setq menubar-bindings-done t)
1542 (when initial-scratch-message
1543 (insert initial-scratch-message))
1544 (set-buffer-modified-p nil)
1546 ;; If user typed input during all that work,
1547 ;; abort the startup screen. Otherwise, display it now.
1548 (when (not (input-pending-p))
1549 (if (and (display-graphic-p)
1550 (use-fancy-splash-screens-p))
1551 (fancy-splash-screens)
1552 (with-current-buffer (get-buffer-create "GNU Emacs")
1554 (mode-line-format (propertize "---- %b %-"
1555 'face '(:weight bold))))
1557 ;; The convention for this piece of code is that
1558 ;; each piece of output starts with one or two newlines
1559 ;; and does not end with any newlines.
1560 (insert "Welcome to GNU Emacs")
1561 (if (eq system-type 'gnu/linux)
1562 (insert ", one component of a Linux-based GNU system."))
1565 (if (display-mouse-p)
1566 ;; The user can use the mouse to activate menus
1567 ;; so give help in terms of menu items.
1570 You can do basic editing with the menu bar and scroll bar using the mouse.
1572 Useful File menu items:
1573 Exit Emacs (or type Control-x followed by Control-c)
1574 Recover Session recover files you were editing before a crash
1576 Important Help menu items:
1577 Emacs Tutorial Learn-by-doing tutorial for using Emacs efficiently.
1578 Emacs FAQ Frequently asked questions and answers
1579 \(Non)Warranty GNU Emacs comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY
1580 Copying Conditions Conditions for redistributing and changing Emacs.
1581 Getting New Versions How to obtain the latest version of Emacs.
1582 Ordering Manuals How to order manuals from the FSF.
1584 (insert "\n\n" (emacs-version)
1586 Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc."))
1588 ;; No mouse menus, so give help using kbd commands.
1590 ;; If keys have their default meanings,
1591 ;; use precomputed string to save lots of time.
1592 (if (and (eq (key-binding "\C-h") 'help-command)
1593 (eq (key-binding "\C-xu") 'advertised-undo)
1594 (eq (key-binding "\C-x\C-c") 'save-buffers-kill-emacs)
1595 (eq (key-binding "\C-ht") 'help-with-tutorial)
1596 (eq (key-binding "\C-hi") 'info)
1597 (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-n") 'view-emacs-news))
1599 Get help C-h (Hold down CTRL and press h)
1600 Undo changes C-x u Exit Emacs C-x C-c
1601 Get a tutorial C-h t Use Info to read docs C-h i
1602 Ordering manuals C-h RET")
1603 (insert (substitute-command-keys
1606 Undo changes \\[advertised-undo]
1607 Exit Emacs \\[save-buffers-kill-emacs]
1608 Get a tutorial \\[help-with-tutorial]
1609 Use Info to read docs \\[info]
1610 Ordering manuals \\[view-order-manuals]"
1611 (let ((where (where-is-internal
1612 'help-command nil t)))
1614 (key-description where)
1617 ;; Say how to use the menu bar with the keyboard.
1618 (if (and (eq (key-binding "\M-`") 'tmm-menubar)
1619 (eq (key-binding [f10]) 'tmm-menubar))
1621 Activate menubar F10 or ESC ` or M-`")
1622 (insert (substitute-command-keys "
1623 Activate menubar \\[tmm-menubar]")))
1625 ;; Many users seem to have problems with these.
1627 \(`C-' means use the CTRL key. `M-' means use the Meta (or Alt) key.
1628 If you have no Meta key, you may instead type ESC followed by the character.)")
1630 (insert "\n\n" (emacs-version)
1632 Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.")
1634 (if (and (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-c") 'describe-copying)
1635 (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-d") 'describe-distribution)
1636 (eq (key-binding "\C-h\C-w") 'describe-no-warranty))
1639 GNU Emacs comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type C-h C-w for full details.
1640 Emacs is Free Software--Free as in Freedom--so you can redistribute copies
1641 of Emacs and modify it; type C-h C-c to see the conditions.
1642 Type C-h C-d for information on getting the latest version.")
1643 (insert (substitute-command-keys
1645 GNU Emacs comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type \\[describe-no-warranty] for full details.
1646 Emacs is Free Software--Free as in Freedom--so you can redistribute copies
1647 of Emacs and modify it; type \\[describe-copying] to see the conditions.
1648 Type \\[describe-distribution] for information on getting the latest version."))))
1650 ;; The rest of the startup screen is the same on all
1651 ;; kinds of terminals.
1653 ;; Give information on recovering, if there was a crash.
1654 (and auto-save-list-file-prefix
1655 ;; Don't signal an error if the
1656 ;; directory for auto-save-list files
1657 ;; does not yet exist.
1658 (file-directory-p (file-name-directory
1659 auto-save-list-file-prefix))
1661 (file-name-directory auto-save-list-file-prefix)
1664 (regexp-quote (file-name-nondirectory
1665 auto-save-list-file-prefix)))
1667 (insert "\n\nIf an Emacs session crashed recently, "
1668 "type M-x recover-session RET\nto recover"
1669 " the files you were editing."))
1671 ;; Display the input that we set up in the buffer.
1672 (set-buffer-modified-p nil)
1673 (goto-char (point-min))
1674 (save-window-excursion
1675 (switch-to-buffer (current-buffer))
1677 (kill-buffer "GNU Emacs"))))))
1680 (defun command-line-normalize-file-name (file)
1681 "Collapse multiple slashes to one, to handle non-Emacs file names."
1683 ;; Use arg 1 so that we don't collapse // at the start of the file name.
1684 ;; That is significant on some systems.
1685 ;; However, /// at the beginning is supposed to mean just /, not //.
1686 (if (string-match "^///+" file)
1687 (setq file (replace-match "/" t t file)))
1688 (while (string-match "//+" file 1)
1689 (setq file (replace-match "/" t t file)))
1692 ;;; startup.el ends here